Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-1
E. Balatsky
. The transition to the post-industrial society is linked with the fundamental restructuring of the national economy, large-scale lay-offs and altering requirements to occupational qualification. The paper aims to determine the main thrusts of the upcoming changes. Methodologically, the research relies on the theories of vital resources and technological change. The author applies an interdisciplinary approach based on the findings from ethology, medicine, sociology, psychology, political science and economics, and methods of system analysis. In particular, he projects the theory of vital resources onto the economic development of the civilisation to elaborate on the character of the fourth vital mega-wave connected with the emergence of the industry of leisure as a dominant economic sector. The author demonstrates that such a course of events brings the managerial problem of inter-action between the ruling elites and the masses to a new level. Having considered Calhoun’s law, Maslow’s pyramid of needs and Bauman’s rule, the researcher reveals social ambiva-lence of the economy of leisure, which has the potential for both the evolution and degradation of humankind. He discusses the initiative of the Russian government bodies to introduce a four-day working week, and points to the necessity and feasibility of this measure. The researcher suggests abandoning ambitious global projects in favour of regionalisation of the labour market when managing the economy and the higher education system. Taking into account the results of the projection of the Guex – Crevoisier matrix on the university sector, he argues that Russian universities should switch to stronger orientation towards the economic needs of the territories where they are located.
{"title":"Post-industrial society and the economy of leisure: A new personnel paradigm","authors":"E. Balatsky","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-1","url":null,"abstract":". The transition to the post-industrial society is linked with the fundamental restructuring of the national economy, large-scale lay-offs and altering requirements to occupational qualification. The paper aims to determine the main thrusts of the upcoming changes. Methodologically, the research relies on the theories of vital resources and technological change. The author applies an interdisciplinary approach based on the findings from ethology, medicine, sociology, psychology, political science and economics, and methods of system analysis. In particular, he projects the theory of vital resources onto the economic development of the civilisation to elaborate on the character of the fourth vital mega-wave connected with the emergence of the industry of leisure as a dominant economic sector. The author demonstrates that such a course of events brings the managerial problem of inter-action between the ruling elites and the masses to a new level. Having considered Calhoun’s law, Maslow’s pyramid of needs and Bauman’s rule, the researcher reveals social ambiva-lence of the economy of leisure, which has the potential for both the evolution and degradation of humankind. He discusses the initiative of the Russian government bodies to introduce a four-day working week, and points to the necessity and feasibility of this measure. The researcher suggests abandoning ambitious global projects in favour of regionalisation of the labour market when managing the economy and the higher education system. Taking into account the results of the projection of the Guex – Crevoisier matrix on the university sector, he argues that Russian universities should switch to stronger orientation towards the economic needs of the territories where they are located.","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47140931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-8
M. Evseeva, E. Starikov, I. Tkachenko
. The pace of technological changes requires certain flexibility of industrial enterprises’ business models. The paper aims to uncover and explore the importance and interaction of the determinants of technological development strategies. Methodological basis of the research rests on the tripod strategy perspective and the theory of technological development. The authors apply general scientific and sociometric methods, regression analysis. The research builds on the answers of 148 respondents that include executives and specialists of mechanical engineering enterprises, as well as experts from the Union of Defence Industry Enterprises of the Sverdlovsk oblast, regional branches of OOO “Russian Engineering Union” in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts. The survey results allow determining the composition of the institutional, sectoral, and resource determinants of technological development strategies, of which the most influential is the institutional determinant. Technological turbulence, if inherent in the sector, decreases companies’ capabilities to respond to the institutional pressure. The most important component of the resource determinant is the availability of funds for investment, which eliminates the problems of attracting qualified personnel, protecting intellectual property, and increasing the speed of production technologies development. The research findings may be of use for company executives to formulate a balanced technological development strategy as well as for government authorities while providing state support.
{"title":"Strategic determinants of industrial enterprises’ technological development","authors":"M. Evseeva, E. Starikov, I. Tkachenko","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-8","url":null,"abstract":". The pace of technological changes requires certain flexibility of industrial enterprises’ business models. The paper aims to uncover and explore the importance and interaction of the determinants of technological development strategies. Methodological basis of the research rests on the tripod strategy perspective and the theory of technological development. The authors apply general scientific and sociometric methods, regression analysis. The research builds on the answers of 148 respondents that include executives and specialists of mechanical engineering enterprises, as well as experts from the Union of Defence Industry Enterprises of the Sverdlovsk oblast, regional branches of OOO “Russian Engineering Union” in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts. The survey results allow determining the composition of the institutional, sectoral, and resource determinants of technological development strategies, of which the most influential is the institutional determinant. Technological turbulence, if inherent in the sector, decreases companies’ capabilities to respond to the institutional pressure. The most important component of the resource determinant is the availability of funds for investment, which eliminates the problems of attracting qualified personnel, protecting intellectual property, and increasing the speed of production technologies development. The research findings may be of use for company executives to formulate a balanced technological development strategy as well as for government authorities while providing state support.","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48796515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-3
E. Dvoryadkina, E. Dzhalilov
{"title":"Properties of traditional industrial regions’ economic space: Theoretical foundations","authors":"E. Dvoryadkina, E. Dzhalilov","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43082892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-9
N. Yaroshevich
{"title":"Industrial market: The semantic positioning and theoretical foundation","authors":"N. Yaroshevich","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47158431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-14DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-6
A. Artamonova
{"title":"Financial resources management and assessment of the non-profit sector’s social efficiency","authors":"A. Artamonova","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-4-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42694288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-8
Thomas Herzfeld, Z. Akhmadiyeva
. The economic transformation process in Europe and Asia differed remarkably across countries, last but not least, with respect to agricultural labour use. While the structural change in some countries followed theoretical expectations and was characterised by a drastic reduction in agricultural employment, other countries experienced an increase in agricultural labour force. Against this background, the paper aims at analysing the determinants of the change of agricultural employment across a panel of formerly centrally planned economies with a particular focus on institutional factors. The analysis builds upon the theories of structural change and new institutional economics and relies on a set of econometric methods. To explain annual intersectoral labour flows, random-effects panel data models are used. Sectoral labour adjustment is measured by the difference between growth rates of agricultural and non-agricultural employment between 1990 and 2019 for a panel of 31 transition countries. The authors direct particular attention to the role of land ownership and transfer rights, which is operationalised by an updated and extended indicator of land relations. Similar to previous studies the classical determinants, such as the ratio of average income per worker in the non-agricultural sector over agriculture, the relative size of the agricultural sector or the development of relative prices, are positively correlated with a shift of labour out of agriculture. The findings suggest furthermore that occupational migration increased with a liberalisation of land transfer rights, in particular during the first two decades of transition. Land rental or sales agreements allow land owners to earn an income from their asset while working outside of the agricultural sector. Contrary to expectations based on economic theory, improved ownership rights seem to reduce labour outflow from agriculture. The results underline that institutional factors play a role in structural change. Deeper analyses of the incentives related to improved tenure rights for occupational change require individual level data.
{"title":"Agricultural labour in transition: An update","authors":"Thomas Herzfeld, Z. Akhmadiyeva","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-8","url":null,"abstract":". The economic transformation process in Europe and Asia differed remarkably across countries, last but not least, with respect to agricultural labour use. While the structural change in some countries followed theoretical expectations and was characterised by a drastic reduction in agricultural employment, other countries experienced an increase in agricultural labour force. Against this background, the paper aims at analysing the determinants of the change of agricultural employment across a panel of formerly centrally planned economies with a particular focus on institutional factors. The analysis builds upon the theories of structural change and new institutional economics and relies on a set of econometric methods. To explain annual intersectoral labour flows, random-effects panel data models are used. Sectoral labour adjustment is measured by the difference between growth rates of agricultural and non-agricultural employment between 1990 and 2019 for a panel of 31 transition countries. The authors direct particular attention to the role of land ownership and transfer rights, which is operationalised by an updated and extended indicator of land relations. Similar to previous studies the classical determinants, such as the ratio of average income per worker in the non-agricultural sector over agriculture, the relative size of the agricultural sector or the development of relative prices, are positively correlated with a shift of labour out of agriculture. The findings suggest furthermore that occupational migration increased with a liberalisation of land transfer rights, in particular during the first two decades of transition. Land rental or sales agreements allow land owners to earn an income from their asset while working outside of the agricultural sector. Contrary to expectations based on economic theory, improved ownership rights seem to reduce labour outflow from agriculture. The results underline that institutional factors play a role in structural change. Deeper analyses of the incentives related to improved tenure rights for occupational change require individual level data.","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-3
A. Tleubayev, T. Jaghdani, L. Götz, M. Svanidze
{"title":"The relationship between trade policies and macroeconomic adjustments in the Russian cheese market integration","authors":"A. Tleubayev, T. Jaghdani, L. Götz, M. Svanidze","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44065564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-9
I. Borisov
{"title":"Agricultural personnel and rural labour: How is their reproduction related?","authors":"I. Borisov","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46674722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-5
Thomas Bittmann, J. Loy
. The formation of value chains is among the central issues in the development of the global trade. This study sheds light on the various price relationships and extends the existing literature on vertical and horizontal price transmission by investigating the causal structures on international dairy markets and their relationships with national wholesale and retail prices in Germany. Methodologically, the study is based on the law of one price, which states that identical goods should have identical prices. Price dynamics are modelled with modern panel and time series models that cope with non-stationary variables. The analysis employs store-level retail scanner data and prices for major international skim milk powder and butter markets. The results suggest that world market prices lead German wholesale prices, which pass on to farmers and retailers. Private label retail prices closely follow the price developments of standard milk products on the world markets. Manufacturer brands product prices deviate from world market trends. At the producer level, raw milk is an almost homogeneous product. The price of raw milk strongly correlates with international skim milk powder and butter markets. Processing creates a multitude of different products. At the retail level, we observe thousands of different products and brands; thus, the complexity of price relationships vastly increases towards the end of the value chain, which enables firms to pass on idiosyncratic costs or to generate extra profits.
{"title":"Price transmission and cost pass-through on the German dairy value chain","authors":"Thomas Bittmann, J. Loy","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-5","url":null,"abstract":". The formation of value chains is among the central issues in the development of the global trade. This study sheds light on the various price relationships and extends the existing literature on vertical and horizontal price transmission by investigating the causal structures on international dairy markets and their relationships with national wholesale and retail prices in Germany. Methodologically, the study is based on the law of one price, which states that identical goods should have identical prices. Price dynamics are modelled with modern panel and time series models that cope with non-stationary variables. The analysis employs store-level retail scanner data and prices for major international skim milk powder and butter markets. The results suggest that world market prices lead German wholesale prices, which pass on to farmers and retailers. Private label retail prices closely follow the price developments of standard milk products on the world markets. Manufacturer brands product prices deviate from world market trends. At the producer level, raw milk is an almost homogeneous product. The price of raw milk strongly correlates with international skim milk powder and butter markets. Processing creates a multitude of different products. At the retail level, we observe thousands of different products and brands; thus, the complexity of price relationships vastly increases towards the end of the value chain, which enables firms to pass on idiosyncratic costs or to generate extra profits.","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46971066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-2
V. Kovalev, A. Semin
. The research into the issues of agri-food systems resilience holds a special place in the world agricultural economics due to a multiplicity of new challenges faced by agricultural markets, their increased volatility and enhanced impact of endogenous and exogenous shocks. Along with this, the agri-food systems being systemic elements are ex-ceptionally important for both national economies and a whole range of sectors of the world economy. The paper aims to uncover the reasons and consequences of the customs imbalances emerging in the agri-food market of Russia. These imbalances result from the clash of national economic interests, legal, organisational and management collisions while constructing a common customs tariff policy of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the sphere of circulation of agri-food products and adversely affect the market resilience. Methodologically, the research rests on the theoretical propositions of the regional economic integration, trade policy, and customs tariff regulation of the agricultural markets; uses methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, systematisation. The paper puts forward a set of methodological solutions to the creation of external (supranational) and internal (na-tional) framework of the digital system of tracking exempted agri-food goods. The findings may underlie the changes in the system of the state regulation of the agro-industrial complex under the EAEU and the development of new mechanisms to strengthen resilience of the agri-food market of Russia.
{"title":"Resilience of Russia’s agri-food market under customs imbalances of the Eurasian integration","authors":"V. Kovalev, A. Semin","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2021-22-3-2","url":null,"abstract":". The research into the issues of agri-food systems resilience holds a special place in the world agricultural economics due to a multiplicity of new challenges faced by agricultural markets, their increased volatility and enhanced impact of endogenous and exogenous shocks. Along with this, the agri-food systems being systemic elements are ex-ceptionally important for both national economies and a whole range of sectors of the world economy. The paper aims to uncover the reasons and consequences of the customs imbalances emerging in the agri-food market of Russia. These imbalances result from the clash of national economic interests, legal, organisational and management collisions while constructing a common customs tariff policy of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the sphere of circulation of agri-food products and adversely affect the market resilience. Methodologically, the research rests on the theoretical propositions of the regional economic integration, trade policy, and customs tariff regulation of the agricultural markets; uses methods of comparative analysis, synthesis, systematisation. The paper puts forward a set of methodological solutions to the creation of external (supranational) and internal (na-tional) framework of the digital system of tracking exempted agri-food goods. The findings may underlie the changes in the system of the state regulation of the agro-industrial complex under the EAEU and the development of new mechanisms to strengthen resilience of the agri-food market of Russia.","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48903834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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