Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5574
S. Mindova, I. Karaganova
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to develop and implement in practice a physiotherapy program and an algorithm for its application in children with autism and hyperactivity and to study the effect of its impact. Material/Methods. The survey was conducted from May 2021 to May 2023. The treatment-research contingent includes children with autism and autism spectrum disorders from 3 to 18 years of age with motor, visual, mental and multiple disabilities who attend the Day Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities "Winnie the Pooh" in Ruse. Results. The research results show that after the applied physiotherapy program, a significantly better effect was observed regarding motor activity, muscle tone, and psycho-emotional state compared to the baseline indicators in the studied contingent. Conclusions. Through its specific strategies for working with children with autism, therapeutic gymnastics has a beneficial effect on increasing motor activity and further developing and strengthening motor skills.
{"title":"PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM AND HYPERACTIVITY","authors":"S. Mindova, I. Karaganova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5574","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of the study is to develop and implement in practice a physiotherapy program and an algorithm for its application in children with autism and hyperactivity and to study the effect of its impact. Material/Methods. The survey was conducted from May 2021 to May 2023. The treatment-research contingent includes children with autism and autism spectrum disorders from 3 to 18 years of age with motor, visual, mental and multiple disabilities who attend the Day Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities \"Winnie the Pooh\" in Ruse. Results. The research results show that after the applied physiotherapy program, a significantly better effect was observed regarding motor activity, muscle tone, and psycho-emotional state compared to the baseline indicators in the studied contingent. Conclusions. Through its specific strategies for working with children with autism, therapeutic gymnastics has a beneficial effect on increasing motor activity and further developing and strengthening motor skills.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5569
Rozalina Yordanova, P. Hristova, Magdalena Platikanova
Background: Enterococci are ubiquitous and can be found in water, soil, plants and several food products. They are also considered part of the normal beneficial gastrointestinal flora of both humans and animals. The aim of this review was to provide comprehensive information regarding the benefits and risks of Enterococcus speciesuse in food or as probiotics. Review Results: The presence of enterococci in foodstuffs has long been considered a sign of poor sanitation. Contrariwise, due to their enzymatic and proteolytic activities, they are used as starters in food fermentation and play an important role in the development of the organoleptic properties of fermented foods. Enterococci can spoil processed meats but, in contrast, are important for the maturation and flavor development of some traditional cheeses and sausages. Because of the ability to produce bacteriocins possessing antimicrobial action, enterococci are used as protective cultures in food biopreservation. Additionally, they showed probiotic properties with various beneficial characteristics. However, in the last few decades, enterococci have emerged as one of the most important bacteria worldwide, major opportunistic agents causing a wide range of nosocomial infections. They are resistant or tolerant to many antimicrobials, and multidrug resistant enterococci belong to the so-called "therapeutic problematic microorganisms". According to WHO, vancomycin-resistant representatives are high-priority pathogens on the list of microorganisms for the treatment of which the development of new antibiotics is urgently needed. In addition, they possess multiple virulence factors. Conclusion: The role of enterococci in the pathogenesis of numerous and severe infections requires serious comments and discussion about the benefits and risks regarding their presence in food and their use as probiotics.
{"title":"BENEFITS AND RISKS OF USING ENTEROCOCCUS SPECIES IN FOOD OR AS PROBIOTICS","authors":"Rozalina Yordanova, P. Hristova, Magdalena Platikanova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5569","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enterococci are ubiquitous and can be found in water, soil, plants and several food products. They are also considered part of the normal beneficial gastrointestinal flora of both humans and animals. The aim of this review was to provide comprehensive information regarding the benefits and risks of Enterococcus speciesuse in food or as probiotics. Review Results: The presence of enterococci in foodstuffs has long been considered a sign of poor sanitation. Contrariwise, due to their enzymatic and proteolytic activities, they are used as starters in food fermentation and play an important role in the development of the organoleptic properties of fermented foods. Enterococci can spoil processed meats but, in contrast, are important for the maturation and flavor development of some traditional cheeses and sausages. Because of the ability to produce bacteriocins possessing antimicrobial action, enterococci are used as protective cultures in food biopreservation. Additionally, they showed probiotic properties with various beneficial characteristics. However, in the last few decades, enterococci have emerged as one of the most important bacteria worldwide, major opportunistic agents causing a wide range of nosocomial infections. They are resistant or tolerant to many antimicrobials, and multidrug resistant enterococci belong to the so-called \"therapeutic problematic microorganisms\". According to WHO, vancomycin-resistant representatives are high-priority pathogens on the list of microorganisms for the treatment of which the development of new antibiotics is urgently needed. In addition, they possess multiple virulence factors. Conclusion: The role of enterococci in the pathogenesis of numerous and severe infections requires serious comments and discussion about the benefits and risks regarding their presence in food and their use as probiotics.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-10DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5564
Angel Arabadzhiev, Tsvetan Popov
Background: Post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (PTDH) is a rare condition that can transition from acute to chronic states, often eluding immediate diagnosis due to obscured symptoms in the emergency setting. The delayed manifestation of PTDH can lead to severe complications such as intestinal obstruction and respiratory distress associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Case description: We report a case involving a 74-year-old female patient with delayed onset of symptoms of chronic PTDH (CPTDH) with a history of traffic accident three years before presentation, successfully treated with a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach. Conclusion: Early recognition and adequate management of CPTDH are crucial for minimizing morbidity and mortality. Minimally invasive techniques provide notable benefits in patient care, underscoring the ongoing advancement in surgical approaches.
{"title":"MINIMALLY INVASIVE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC POST-TRAUMATIC DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA WITH DELAYED CLINICAL MANIFESTATION","authors":"Angel Arabadzhiev, Tsvetan Popov","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5564","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (PTDH) is a rare condition that can transition from acute to chronic states, often eluding immediate diagnosis due to obscured symptoms in the emergency setting. The delayed manifestation of PTDH can lead to severe complications such as intestinal obstruction and respiratory distress associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Case description: We report a case involving a 74-year-old female patient with delayed onset of symptoms of chronic PTDH (CPTDH) with a history of traffic accident three years before presentation, successfully treated with a minimally invasive laparoscopic approach. Conclusion: Early recognition and adequate management of CPTDH are crucial for minimizing morbidity and mortality. Minimally invasive techniques provide notable benefits in patient care, underscoring the ongoing advancement in surgical approaches.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5559
Behidzhe Sadarzanska-Terzieva, Silvia Tsvetkova
Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with different clinical forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to propose a suitable cognitive evaluation based on available tools for diagnosis and monitoring purposes. Materials and Methods: The following tests were used: Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Magnetic Resonance Tomography 1.5Т (МRТ) in 60 consecutive patients; 22 were with first demyelination episode and 38 with MS. The control group of 40 healthy persons matched for sex, age and years of education. The follow-up period is three years. Results: The average screening values of PASAT, SDMT, BVSMT-R are considerably lower (р<0.05) in MS patients compared to the controls and CIS patients. Point's number in the progressive forms in comparison with RRMS is reliably smaller. There was no significant difference in results between SPMS and PPMS patients at screening (р>0.05). In the 3rd year, there is a significant cognitive progression in all studied groups and for all tests (р<0.05). Conclusion: The use of a neuropsychological screening test is a valuable method for registering CI in patients with relapsing-remitting course, as well as in patients with a progressive course of the disease. We recommend the SDMT for screening annual follow-up because it is easy to apply, validate and reliably report the progression of CI. In patients with visual disturbances and with arm weakness, it is better to use PASAT, taking into account the level of education and depression.
目的：本研究旨在调查不同临床形式的多发性硬化症（MS）患者的认知障碍（CI），并根据现有的诊断和监测工具提出合适的认知评估方法。材料与方法：使用了以下测试对 60 名连续患者进行了步调听觉连续加法测验（PASAT）、符号数字模型测验（SDMT）、简明视觉空间记忆测验-修订版（BVMT-R）、残疾状况扩展量表（EDSS）和磁共振断层扫描 1.5Т（МRТ），其中 22 名患者为首次脱髓鞘发作，38 名患者为多发性硬化症。对照组由 40 名健康人组成，他们的性别、年龄和受教育年限均匹配。随访期为三年。结果显示PASAT、SDMT、BVSMT-R 的平均筛查值明显偏低（р0.05）。在第三年，所有研究组的所有测试结果均显示认知能力明显下降（р<0.05）。结论使用神经心理学筛查测试是对复发-缓解型患者以及进展型患者进行 CI 登记的重要方法。我们推荐将 SDMT 用于年度随访筛查，因为它易于应用、验证并能可靠地报告 CI 的进展情况。对于视力障碍和手臂无力的患者，最好使用 PASAT，同时考虑到患者的受教育程度和抑郁程度。
{"title":"COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN DIFFERENT CLINICAL FORMS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS","authors":"Behidzhe Sadarzanska-Terzieva, Silvia Tsvetkova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5559","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with different clinical forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and to propose a suitable cognitive evaluation based on available tools for diagnosis and monitoring purposes. Materials and Methods: The following tests were used: Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Magnetic Resonance Tomography 1.5Т (МRТ) in 60 consecutive patients; 22 were with first demyelination episode and 38 with MS. The control group of 40 healthy persons matched for sex, age and years of education. The follow-up period is three years. Results: The average screening values of PASAT, SDMT, BVSMT-R are considerably lower (р<0.05) in MS patients compared to the controls and CIS patients. Point's number in the progressive forms in comparison with RRMS is reliably smaller. There was no significant difference in results between SPMS and PPMS patients at screening (р>0.05). In the 3rd year, there is a significant cognitive progression in all studied groups and for all tests (р<0.05). Conclusion: The use of a neuropsychological screening test is a valuable method for registering CI in patients with relapsing-remitting course, as well as in patients with a progressive course of the disease. We recommend the SDMT for screening annual follow-up because it is easy to apply, validate and reliably report the progression of CI. In patients with visual disturbances and with arm weakness, it is better to use PASAT, taking into account the level of education and depression.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"11 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141378736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5533
V. Bozhkov, P. Chernopolsky
Purpose: We present four cases of malignant melanoma metastases in GIT. The symptoms which led to the hospitalization of the patients were ileus in two cases, hematemesis and hematochezia. Results: We performed operative treatment - small intestinal resection because of intussusception followed by anastomosis in three patients and in one patient, liver resection and bitruncular sigmostomy. The histopathology revealed metastases for malignant melanoma. All of the patients had previous operation for a skin form of malignant melanoma, and chemotherapy or immunotherapy was performed. The patients had a postoperative period without complications. Conclusions: Malignant melanoma is a widely common disease. It is the third neoplastic diseases which give metastases in the small intestine. Malignant melanoma metastases in the GIT are initially asymptomatic, but in time, they manifest with clinical presentation of ileus or bleeding from the GI tract.
{"title":"MALIGNANT MELANOMA – METASTASES IN GIT: REPORT OF 4 CASES AND LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"V. Bozhkov, P. Chernopolsky","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5533","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: We present four cases of malignant melanoma metastases in GIT. The symptoms which led to the hospitalization of the patients were ileus in two cases, hematemesis and hematochezia. Results: We performed operative treatment - small intestinal resection because of intussusception followed by anastomosis in three patients and in one patient, liver resection and bitruncular sigmostomy. The histopathology revealed metastases for malignant melanoma. All of the patients had previous operation for a skin form of malignant melanoma, and chemotherapy or immunotherapy was performed. The patients had a postoperative period without complications. Conclusions: Malignant melanoma is a widely common disease. It is the third neoplastic diseases which give metastases in the small intestine. Malignant melanoma metastases in the GIT are initially asymptomatic, but in time, they manifest with clinical presentation of ileus or bleeding from the GI tract.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"33 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5527
Magdalina Yanakieva, M. Danovska, E. Ovcharova, Diana L. Marinova
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination, axonal damage and loss of neurons. Its growing incidence has determined the need for more intensive research towards effective models for managing disease progression and evaluation of treatment response. Finding clinically relevant biomarkers has been a significant challenge. Purpose: This review aims to summarize the findings from current relevant literature sources on neurofilaments as a potential biomarker of diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with MS. Results: Recently, neurofilaments have been identified as the most promising and informative biomarkers of axonal damage and loss. Neurofilament concentration demonstrates a strong association with the disease course, activity and progression, disability accumulation and response to disease-modifying treatment. A significant correlation with future relapse rates, symptom worsening and risk of conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to definite MS has also been established. Several MS therapies have demonstrated a substantial reduction in neurofilament levels upon treatment initiation. Conclusion: The results available from real-world studies and clinical trials regarding neurofilaments as a reliable predictor and indicator of MS disease course are encouraging. They have consistently proven to be of utility if integrated into the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of MS patients. This review encompasses undeniable data confirming the considerable potential of neurofilaments for becoming the first globally verified biomarker for MS. The accessibility, safety, low cost and possibility for serial evaluation make the neurofilaments the perfect component to be implemented in routine clinical tests for MS.
{"title":"NEUROFILAMENTS AS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE","authors":"Magdalina Yanakieva, M. Danovska, E. Ovcharova, Diana L. Marinova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5527","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination, axonal damage and loss of neurons. Its growing incidence has determined the need for more intensive research towards effective models for managing disease progression and evaluation of treatment response. Finding clinically relevant biomarkers has been a significant challenge. Purpose: This review aims to summarize the findings from current relevant literature sources on neurofilaments as a potential biomarker of diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with MS. Results: Recently, neurofilaments have been identified as the most promising and informative biomarkers of axonal damage and loss. Neurofilament concentration demonstrates a strong association with the disease course, activity and progression, disability accumulation and response to disease-modifying treatment. A significant correlation with future relapse rates, symptom worsening and risk of conversion from clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to definite MS has also been established. Several MS therapies have demonstrated a substantial reduction in neurofilament levels upon treatment initiation. Conclusion: The results available from real-world studies and clinical trials regarding neurofilaments as a reliable predictor and indicator of MS disease course are encouraging. They have consistently proven to be of utility if integrated into the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm of MS patients. This review encompasses undeniable data confirming the considerable potential of neurofilaments for becoming the first globally verified biomarker for MS. The accessibility, safety, low cost and possibility for serial evaluation make the neurofilaments the perfect component to be implemented in routine clinical tests for MS.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"5 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of stress among students of various health Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Vaccination has a key role in hepatitis B prevention. Compulsory immunization for all healthy newborns was introduced in Bulgaria in 1992 as part of the WHO global strategy. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the extent of post-vaccination seroprotection among persons born in 1992 – 2000 who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Material/methods: A total of 923 serum samples of a target group of vaccinated individuals (412 males and 511 females) at a mean age of 23.0±2.7 years were tested over a two-year period (2018-2019). The quantitative analysis of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) levels was performed by CLIA using a LIAISON® anti-HBs II quantitative diagnostic kit (Dia Sorin, Italy). Results: All 923 individuals included in the study were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative. Protective anti-HBs titers ranging from 11 to >1000 mIU/mL were found in 45.3% of them. The sex distribution of the tested subjects varied significantly between years (p=0.023). The difference in protective anti-HBs levels between the two sexes was non-significant (p>0.05). There was a weak negative correlation between year of birth and anti-HBs titer (Pearson's r=0.351, p<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this large study conducted among subjects immunized against hepatitis B in childhood showed varying levels of post-vaccination seroprotection. On average, 23 years after universal immunization, 54.7% of the study cohort had no protective levels of anti-HBs (negative or equivocal result).
{"title":"HEPATITIS B VACCINATION STATUS AMONG A TARGET GROUP BORN IN 1992-2000: A STUDY FROM BULGARIA","authors":"Aneliya Gotseva, Desislava Velcheva, Emilia Naseva","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5517","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of stress among students of various health Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Vaccination has a key role in hepatitis B prevention. Compulsory immunization for all healthy newborns was introduced in Bulgaria in 1992 as part of the WHO global strategy. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the extent of post-vaccination seroprotection among persons born in 1992 – 2000 who received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Material/methods: A total of 923 serum samples of a target group of vaccinated individuals (412 males and 511 females) at a mean age of 23.0±2.7 years were tested over a two-year period (2018-2019). The quantitative analysis of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) levels was performed by CLIA using a LIAISON® anti-HBs II quantitative diagnostic kit (Dia Sorin, Italy). Results: All 923 individuals included in the study were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative. Protective anti-HBs titers ranging from 11 to >1000 mIU/mL were found in 45.3% of them. The sex distribution of the tested subjects varied significantly between years (p=0.023). The difference in protective anti-HBs levels between the two sexes was non-significant (p>0.05). There was a weak negative correlation between year of birth and anti-HBs titer (Pearson's r=0.351, p<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this large study conducted among subjects immunized against hepatitis B in childhood showed varying levels of post-vaccination seroprotection. On average, 23 years after universal immunization, 54.7% of the study cohort had no protective levels of anti-HBs (negative or equivocal result).","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140976581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5522
Margarita Todorova, Stanislava Harizanova, D. Bakova
Aim: This literature aims to highlight the detrimental effects of shift and night work on human health and well-being. We focus on the interaction between the main factors to which shift and night workers are exposed: disrupted circadian rhythms, unhealthy eating behavior and their correlation with a higher incidence of cardio-metabolic diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods: Systematic research was carried out using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect Database, along with the official websites and government bodies, employing specific keywords and combinations thereof. The selection criteria included articles written in English, available in full-text, with the majority having been published between 2019 and 2022. Results: The alignment between circadian rhythms and healthy eating behavior is a powerful determinant of human health. Dietary habits themselves emerge as a significant factor in the synchronization of the circadian system. Conclusions: Current dietary guidelines need to expand to include not just what to eat but also when and why to effectively prevent obesity and cardio-metabolic diseases. Further research is essential to understand the link between diet timing and our biological clocks, highlighting the importance of timing in dietary recommendations for public health improvement targeting the population of shift workers.
{"title":"NUTRITIONAL BEHAVIOR AND ASSOCIATED HEALTH RISK IN SHIFT WORK: A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"Margarita Todorova, Stanislava Harizanova, D. Bakova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5522","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This literature aims to highlight the detrimental effects of shift and night work on human health and well-being. We focus on the interaction between the main factors to which shift and night workers are exposed: disrupted circadian rhythms, unhealthy eating behavior and their correlation with a higher incidence of cardio-metabolic diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and methods: Systematic research was carried out using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect Database, along with the official websites and government bodies, employing specific keywords and combinations thereof. The selection criteria included articles written in English, available in full-text, with the majority having been published between 2019 and 2022. Results: The alignment between circadian rhythms and healthy eating behavior is a powerful determinant of human health. Dietary habits themselves emerge as a significant factor in the synchronization of the circadian system. Conclusions: Current dietary guidelines need to expand to include not just what to eat but also when and why to effectively prevent obesity and cardio-metabolic diseases. Further research is essential to understand the link between diet timing and our biological clocks, highlighting the importance of timing in dietary recommendations for public health improvement targeting the population of shift workers.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"114 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5513
Elena Valkanov, Rostislav Kostadinov, Rumyana Etova, Mariya Georgieva, Maria Semerdjieva
Introduction: Disasters, regardless of their origin, have a direct negative impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of the population. Medical support for the casualties necessitates specific organization and training of medical personnel. Knowledge and skills in the field are considered to be essential for the execution of a rapid response. Purpose: The aim of this research was to study the need for postgraduate disaster medicine education for different categories of medical professionals in the Plovdiv region. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020 through an anonymous inquiry among medical professionals from pre-hospital healthcare, hospital care and the centers for emergency medical aid in the Plovdiv region. Results: The survey was held among 160 medical professionals. They were interviewed regarding their participation in medical support for disasters or mass casualty incidents. 50,3% of them had such experience. 65% of the respondents evaluated their knowledge of disaster medicine as moderate, while only 18,7% reported high self-assessment. Most interviewees knew the knowledge and skills needed for disaster medical support, but half had never trained in these skills. Almost all respondents - 93,1%, considered disaster medicine knowledge useful for medical practice. 89,4% share the opinion that postgraduate courses were necessary. 93,2% preferred to be trained and educated on the subject by the Medical University. Conclusions: The results from our survey highlight the lower than expected self-confidence among medical professionals regarding their disaster medical support knowledge and skills. Postgraduate training could improve disaster resilience by increasing skill and confidence.
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Pub Date : 2024-05-11DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024302.5509
Stanislava Pavlova
Communication with the patient in the process of providing health care is more than speech. It is carried out by applying different methods and strategies. Patient communication in health care is a multifaceted process of interaction between medical professionals and the patient. It is defined as therapeutic communication (TC). It is a holistic approach oriented towards the overall care of the patient. Social interaction takes place through TC, the patient's needs for specific care are determined, problems are controlled and solved, information is sought and given, etc. Therapeutic communication is a type of professional communication. TC is used by medical professionals in their work with patients and their relatives. Effective communication skills of medical professionals stimulate the patient to talk about his problem. They are also used in patient education to improve health outcomes, etc. Showing interest and concern for the patient is a component of the so-called "conversation for the purpose of support". Health care professionals use different approaches when conducting a conversation with the patient - for some, the social side of the conversation is most important, for others – social relationships. The therapeutic conversation builds effective communication with the patient and improves the therapeutic impact. In this way, two essential components are distinguished in TC - emotional and informational.
{"title":"THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE","authors":"Stanislava Pavlova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024302.5509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024302.5509","url":null,"abstract":"Communication with the patient in the process of providing health care is more than speech. It is carried out by applying different methods and strategies. Patient communication in health care is a multifaceted process of interaction between medical professionals and the patient. It is defined as therapeutic communication (TC). It is a holistic approach oriented towards the overall care of the patient. Social interaction takes place through TC, the patient's needs for specific care are determined, problems are controlled and solved, information is sought and given, etc. Therapeutic communication is a type of professional communication. TC is used by medical professionals in their work with patients and their relatives. Effective communication skills of medical professionals stimulate the patient to talk about his problem. They are also used in patient education to improve health outcomes, etc. Showing interest and concern for the patient is a component of the so-called \"conversation for the purpose of support\". Health care professionals use different approaches when conducting a conversation with the patient - for some, the social side of the conversation is most important, for others – social relationships. The therapeutic conversation builds effective communication with the patient and improves the therapeutic impact. In this way, two essential components are distinguished in TC - emotional and informational.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":" 675","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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