Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024301.5435
Kamenna Vutova, V. Velev, Rossitsa Tchipeva, N. Yancheva-Petrova, Toma Tomov, Branimi Golemanov
Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic disease in humans, usually asymptomatic, but in some cases could be very severe with fatal outcomes. This parasitosis is a health and economic problem in many areas of the world. The actual spread among people with CE in endemic regions is not known. The purpose of prophylactic ultrasound examinations of people in some areas was to clarify the real prevalence of CE and to detect undiagnosed asymptomatic cases and recurrences. Materials and methods: An abdominal ultrasound survey in four endemic regions in Bulgaria with the highest rate of registered patients with CE in Bulgaria for the last five years was conducted. For every patient with CE an epidemiological and clinical history, abdominal ultrasound examination, blood tests and ELISA IgG test for CE were performed. Results: From all 8602 people examined, in seventeen persons (0.2%), liver hydatid cysts were found for the first time. Ssixty five (0.8%) reported a history of previous surgical treatment for CE, of which 54 (83.1%) had passed surgery because of liver CE and 11 (16.9%) had extrahepatic CE (pulmonary, cardiac, bone, spleen). In three (5.6%) patients, who were operated years before for liver CE, recurrences were discovered. In 11 (64.7%) patients devitalized CE4 cysts were observed without any data for previous treatment. Three of the discovered patients with CE were treated with surgery, one with puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration, four only with Albendazole. The patients were successfully treated and followed for a period of five years. Conclusions: During the prophylactic ultrasound examinations, a higher percentage of people infected with liver cystic echinococcosis was found compared to the official information. It should be noted that these results are found in areas with the highest incidence of this disease in the country. US screenings give the opportunity for early detection, timely treatment of infected people and to prevent severe complications in patient with CE disease.
导言：囊性棘球蚴病（CE）是人类的一种慢性疾病，通常无症状，但在某些情况下可能非常严重，导致死亡。这种寄生虫病是世界许多地区的健康和经济问题。目前还不清楚这种寄生虫病在流行地区的感染者中的实际传播情况。对一些地区的人进行预防性超声波检查的目的是为了弄清 CE 的实际流行情况，并发现未确诊的无症状病例和复发病例。材料和方法：在保加利亚的四个地方病流行地区进行了腹部超声波调查，这些地区在过去五年中登记的 CE 患者比例最高。对每位 CE 患者进行了流行病学和临床病史、腹部超声波检查、血液化验和 CE ELISA IgG 检测。结果：在所有接受检查的 8602 人中，有 17 人（0.2%）是首次发现肝包虫囊肿。有 65 人（0.8%）曾因肝包虫囊肿接受过手术治疗，其中 54 人（83.1%）因肝包虫囊肿通过了手术治疗，11 人（16.9%）因肝外包虫囊肿（肺、心、骨、脾）通过了手术治疗。有 3 名（5.6%）患者在多年前曾因肝脏 CE 接受过手术，但后来发现复发。在11名（64.7%）患者中观察到了蜕变的CE4囊肿，但没有任何先前治疗的数据。在发现的 CE 患者中，3 人接受了手术治疗，1 人接受了穿刺-抽吸-注射-再抽吸治疗，4 人仅接受了阿苯达唑治疗。这些患者都得到了成功治疗，并随访了五年。结论在预防性超声波检查中，发现感染肝囊棘球蚴病的比例高于官方资料。值得注意的是，这些结果是在全国该疾病发病率最高的地区发现的。美国的筛查为早期发现和及时治疗感染者提供了机会，并可预防包虫病患者出现严重并发症。
{"title":"HUMAN CYSTIC ECHINOCOCCOSIS IN ENDEMIC REGIONS IN BULGARIA - ULTRASOUND SURVEILLANCE, TREATMENT AND FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS","authors":"Kamenna Vutova, V. Velev, Rossitsa Tchipeva, N. Yancheva-Petrova, Toma Tomov, Branimi Golemanov","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024301.5435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024301.5435","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic disease in humans, usually asymptomatic, but in some cases could be very severe with fatal outcomes. This parasitosis is a health and economic problem in many areas of the world. The actual spread among people with CE in endemic regions is not known. The purpose of prophylactic ultrasound examinations of people in some areas was to clarify the real prevalence of CE and to detect undiagnosed asymptomatic cases and recurrences. Materials and methods: An abdominal ultrasound survey in four endemic regions in Bulgaria with the highest rate of registered patients with CE in Bulgaria for the last five years was conducted. For every patient with CE an epidemiological and clinical history, abdominal ultrasound examination, blood tests and ELISA IgG test for CE were performed. Results: From all 8602 people examined, in seventeen persons (0.2%), liver hydatid cysts were found for the first time. Ssixty five (0.8%) reported a history of previous surgical treatment for CE, of which 54 (83.1%) had passed surgery because of liver CE and 11 (16.9%) had extrahepatic CE (pulmonary, cardiac, bone, spleen). In three (5.6%) patients, who were operated years before for liver CE, recurrences were discovered. In 11 (64.7%) patients devitalized CE4 cysts were observed without any data for previous treatment. Three of the discovered patients with CE were treated with surgery, one with puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration, four only with Albendazole. The patients were successfully treated and followed for a period of five years. Conclusions: During the prophylactic ultrasound examinations, a higher percentage of people infected with liver cystic echinococcosis was found compared to the official information. It should be noted that these results are found in areas with the highest incidence of this disease in the country. US screenings give the opportunity for early detection, timely treatment of infected people and to prevent severe complications in patient with CE disease.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024301.5429
Y. Yankov, Yana Bocheva
Introduction: Procalcitonin (PCT) as a marker of inflammation has not been studied and analyzed in purulent inflammations of the head and neck of odontogenic origin, which is the aim of this original article. Materials and methods: This retrospective study includes 31 men with odontogenic abscesses of the head and neck with a mean age of 42 years. As a control group, 31 healthy men are used. In all of them, leukocytes (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) are tested. Results: The average values of the studied indicators in the patients are: CRP - 89.45±85.15 mg/l, WBC - 11.78±4.61x103/L, Neu - 8.79±4.58x103/L and PCT - 0.8±0.8 ng/ Jr. The average values of the same indicators in the control group are: CRP - 0.9±1.17 mg/l, WBC - 7.37±1.9x103/L, Neu - 4.13±1.43x103/L and PCT - 0.18±1.27 ng/ml. There is no positive correlation between PCT on the one hand and CRP, WBC and Neu on the other hand. Discussion: The mean values of CRP, WBC, Neu and PCT are higher in men with odontogenic abscesses compared to the healthy controls, and this is statistically significant. Although PCT does not correspond to WBC, Neu and CRP, it has a number of advantages over them - it increases its concentration only in infections of bacterial origin, it increases its levels earlier and reaches its highest concentration earlier, it has a longer half-life, and its level declines more rapidly after infections. Conclusions: All this suggests that PTC may soon become the most accurate marker in diagnosing, treating, and follow-up of patients with head and neck odontogenic abscesses.
{"title":"PROCALCITONIN AS A NEW INFLAMMATORY MARKER IN ODONTOGENIC ABSCESSES OF HEAD AND NECK IN MALE POPULATION","authors":"Y. Yankov, Yana Bocheva","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024301.5429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024301.5429","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Procalcitonin (PCT) as a marker of inflammation has not been studied and analyzed in purulent inflammations of the head and neck of odontogenic origin, which is the aim of this original article. Materials and methods: This retrospective study includes 31 men with odontogenic abscesses of the head and neck with a mean age of 42 years. As a control group, 31 healthy men are used. In all of them, leukocytes (WBC), neutrophils (Neu), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) are tested. Results: The average values of the studied indicators in the patients are: CRP - 89.45±85.15 mg/l, WBC - 11.78±4.61x103/L, Neu - 8.79±4.58x103/L and PCT - 0.8±0.8 ng/ Jr. The average values of the same indicators in the control group are: CRP - 0.9±1.17 mg/l, WBC - 7.37±1.9x103/L, Neu - 4.13±1.43x103/L and PCT - 0.18±1.27 ng/ml. There is no positive correlation between PCT on the one hand and CRP, WBC and Neu on the other hand. Discussion: The mean values of CRP, WBC, Neu and PCT are higher in men with odontogenic abscesses compared to the healthy controls, and this is statistically significant. Although PCT does not correspond to WBC, Neu and CRP, it has a number of advantages over them - it increases its concentration only in infections of bacterial origin, it increases its levels earlier and reaches its highest concentration earlier, it has a longer half-life, and its level declines more rapidly after infections. Conclusions: All this suggests that PTC may soon become the most accurate marker in diagnosing, treating, and follow-up of patients with head and neck odontogenic abscesses.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"25 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024301.5425
Virna-Maria Tsitou, Dimitrios Rallis, Mariana Tsekova, Nikolay Yanev
This case report examines the interrelationship between periodontitis and Alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune condition, within the broader context of the impact of oral health on systemic diseases. The concept of "oral primary foci," encompassing various oral pathologies such as periodontitis, dentoalveolar abscesses, and pulpal necrosis, is highlighted as a key factor in systemic diseases and complications. The report details the case of a 50-year-old female patient with AA who exhibited significant improvement in her condition following periodontal treatment. This improvement underscores the potential systemic influence of oral health conditions, particularly periodontitis, which is characterized by a dynamic interplay between bacterial infection and the host's immune response. The presence of autoantibodies in periodontitis suggests an autoimmune component, potentially linking it to autoimmune diseases like AA. The patient's case also aligns with the epidemiological data on AA, emphasizing its complex etiology and association with various systemic conditions. The report concludes that effective management of oral health, especially periodontal diseases, is crucial in the systemic health and management of conditions such as AA. It advocates for a holistic approach in healthcare, integrating oral health as a fundamental aspect of managing systemic diseases, and calls for continued research into the mechanisms connecting oral and systemic autoimmune responses. This research is vital for developing comprehensive treatment strategies that address both oral and systemic health, thereby enhancing overall patient outcomes.
本病例报告在口腔健康对全身性疾病影响的大背景下，探讨了牙周炎与自身免疫性斑秃（AA）之间的相互关系。报告强调了 "口腔原发病灶 "这一概念，它包括牙周炎、牙槽脓肿和牙髓坏死等各种口腔病症，是导致全身性疾病和并发症的关键因素。报告详细介绍了一名 50 岁女性 AA 患者的病例，她的病情在接受牙周治疗后有了明显改善。这种改善强调了口腔健康状况对全身的潜在影响，尤其是牙周炎，其特点是细菌感染和宿主免疫反应之间的动态相互作用。牙周炎中自身抗体的存在表明存在自身免疫因素，可能与 AA 等自身免疫性疾病有关。该患者的病例也与 AA 的流行病学数据相吻合，强调了其复杂的病因以及与各种系统性疾病的关联。报告的结论是，有效管理口腔健康，尤其是牙周疾病，对全身健康和 AA 等疾病的管理至关重要。报告提倡在医疗保健中采用整体方法，将口腔健康作为管理全身性疾病的一个基本方面，并呼吁继续研究口腔和全身自身免疫反应的关联机制。这项研究对于制定针对口腔和全身健康的综合治疗策略至关重要，从而提高患者的整体治疗效果。
{"title":"ALLOPECIA AREATA AND PERIODONTITIS: A CASE REPORT","authors":"Virna-Maria Tsitou, Dimitrios Rallis, Mariana Tsekova, Nikolay Yanev","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024301.5425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024301.5425","url":null,"abstract":"This case report examines the interrelationship between periodontitis and Alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune condition, within the broader context of the impact of oral health on systemic diseases. The concept of \"oral primary foci,\" encompassing various oral pathologies such as periodontitis, dentoalveolar abscesses, and pulpal necrosis, is highlighted as a key factor in systemic diseases and complications. The report details the case of a 50-year-old female patient with AA who exhibited significant improvement in her condition following periodontal treatment. This improvement underscores the potential systemic influence of oral health conditions, particularly periodontitis, which is characterized by a dynamic interplay between bacterial infection and the host's immune response. The presence of autoantibodies in periodontitis suggests an autoimmune component, potentially linking it to autoimmune diseases like AA. The patient's case also aligns with the epidemiological data on AA, emphasizing its complex etiology and association with various systemic conditions. The report concludes that effective management of oral health, especially periodontal diseases, is crucial in the systemic health and management of conditions such as AA. It advocates for a holistic approach in healthcare, integrating oral health as a fundamental aspect of managing systemic diseases, and calls for continued research into the mechanisms connecting oral and systemic autoimmune responses. This research is vital for developing comprehensive treatment strategies that address both oral and systemic health, thereby enhancing overall patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024301.5414
V. Stoeva, Meri Hristamyan, Aleksandar Atanasovski
Purpose: To study the level of knowledge about hand disinfection and the application of routine disinfection measures in everyday practice among dental technician students from the Medical College of Plovdiv and practicing dental technicians. Material and methods: For the period September 2019 - January 2020, an anonymous 19-question survey was conducted among a total of 92 dental technicians. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 24. A p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the respondents, 34.8% (n = 30) were students, and 65.2% (n = 62) were practicing dental technicians. The majority (77.2% (n = 71)) rate the hands as a factor for the transmission of microorganisms from person to person, but for 16.3% (n = 15), the hands pose a risk only if they are visibly contaminated. Only 31.5% (n = 29) disinfect their hands for the recomended 30 seconds. When working with dental impressions and dentures, 59.8% (n = 55) know that they must always be disinfected before working with them. The most commonly used preparations for disinfection of impressions are alcohols in 44.6% (n = 41), but 22.8% (n = 21) wrongly only use water and soap. Only 1/3 correctly state that the finished dentures should be disinfected before being handed to the dentist. Conclusion: Effective communication and coordination between the dental laboratory technicians and the dental office staff are critical components of a successful infection control program related to dental care
{"title":"STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT HAND DISINFECTION AND THE APPLICATION OF ROUTINE DISINFECTION MEASURES AMONG DENTAL TECHNICIANS","authors":"V. Stoeva, Meri Hristamyan, Aleksandar Atanasovski","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024301.5414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024301.5414","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To study the level of knowledge about hand disinfection and the application of routine disinfection measures in everyday practice among dental technician students from the Medical College of Plovdiv and practicing dental technicians. Material and methods: For the period September 2019 - January 2020, an anonymous 19-question survey was conducted among a total of 92 dental technicians. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS version 24. A p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the respondents, 34.8% (n = 30) were students, and 65.2% (n = 62) were practicing dental technicians. The majority (77.2% (n = 71)) rate the hands as a factor for the transmission of microorganisms from person to person, but for 16.3% (n = 15), the hands pose a risk only if they are visibly contaminated. Only 31.5% (n = 29) disinfect their hands for the recomended 30 seconds. When working with dental impressions and dentures, 59.8% (n = 55) know that they must always be disinfected before working with them. The most commonly used preparations for disinfection of impressions are alcohols in 44.6% (n = 41), but 22.8% (n = 21) wrongly only use water and soap. Only 1/3 correctly state that the finished dentures should be disinfected before being handed to the dentist. Conclusion: Effective communication and coordination between the dental laboratory technicians and the dental office staff are critical components of a successful infection control program related to dental care","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"88 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024301.5419
Hristina Haidudova, Klementina Gospodinova, Milena D. Karcheva, D. Gospodinov
Purpose of the study: To investigate demographics, prevalence, risk factors and the different clinical forms and symptoms of syphilis in men who have sex with men (MSM). Material/Methods: 50 MSM with syphilis were registered at the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology in the city of Pleven, Bulgaria, for the period 2008-2022. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological tests. Patients were distributed by their socio-demographic status. Risk factors and sexual behavior were studied, as well as clinical symptoms and co-morbidities of syphilis. Results: Of 50 MSM patients the most affected is the age between 20-29 years (54%). 34% of them are university graduates, 88% abused alcohol, nicotine and drugs in combination, 70% had sexual contacts with a casual partner, 26% of them had HIV co-infection. Secondary and early latent syphilis are the most common clinical forms of the disease (34%). The typical symptoms of primary and secondary syphilis were clinically manifested, 34% of them are localized in the genital. There is a significant correlation of the clinical form with the localization of the skin-mucosal lesions (p < 0.001). Antibiotic therapy is effective and leads to negative serological test results by the end of the second year of treatment. Conclusions: For 15 years (2008-2022), the number of registered MSM with syphilis in the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology in Pleven increased after 2016 especialy in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results are close to the published data on the problem in the scientific literature for the last 10 years.
{"title":"CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON SYPHILIS AMONG MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN","authors":"Hristina Haidudova, Klementina Gospodinova, Milena D. Karcheva, D. Gospodinov","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024301.5419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024301.5419","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the study: To investigate demographics, prevalence, risk factors and the different clinical forms and symptoms of syphilis in men who have sex with men (MSM). Material/Methods: 50 MSM with syphilis were registered at the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology in the city of Pleven, Bulgaria, for the period 2008-2022. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological tests. Patients were distributed by their socio-demographic status. Risk factors and sexual behavior were studied, as well as clinical symptoms and co-morbidities of syphilis. Results: Of 50 MSM patients the most affected is the age between 20-29 years (54%). 34% of them are university graduates, 88% abused alcohol, nicotine and drugs in combination, 70% had sexual contacts with a casual partner, 26% of them had HIV co-infection. Secondary and early latent syphilis are the most common clinical forms of the disease (34%). The typical symptoms of primary and secondary syphilis were clinically manifested, 34% of them are localized in the genital. There is a significant correlation of the clinical form with the localization of the skin-mucosal lesions (p < 0.001). Antibiotic therapy is effective and leads to negative serological test results by the end of the second year of treatment. Conclusions: For 15 years (2008-2022), the number of registered MSM with syphilis in the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology in Pleven increased after 2016 especialy in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results are close to the published data on the problem in the scientific literature for the last 10 years.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"65 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2024301.5405
Marianna Dimitrova, Nadezhda Mitova
Introduction: In 2020, the global pandemic of COVID-19 significantly affected our daily lives. The youngest students were most affected due to the establishment of distance education, which is associated with social isolation and increased screen time. Aim:To investigate the prevalence and specific risk factors for sleep bruxism associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in children aged 7-10 years, their eating habits and physical activity. Materials and methods: The object of the study are 267 children aged 7-10 years. The examined children underwent a clinical examination, during which the following were registered: dental status and attrition, oral hygiene and orthodontic status. Anamnestic data on nocturnal bruxism, physical activity, dietary habits, and screen exposure were obtained from 241 parents via a questionnaire. The results were statistically processed with SPSS-19. Results: The frequency of bruxism in children aged 7-10 is 21.4% (p<0.05). No increase in its frequency or intensity was found during the pandemic in the studied groups. The average increase in screen exposure during the pandemic was more than 60 minutes per day (p<0.05). In 1/4 of the children, physical activity during the pandemic decreased (p<0.05). In 21.6% of the examined children, the intake of simple carbohydrates increased (p<0.05). Conclusions: Bruxism is a common condition in school-aged children. The restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a rise in some risk factors for bruxism oral and general health of children aged 7-10 years by increasing their screen exposure, consumption of simple carbohydrates and decreasing their physical activity.
{"title":"IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON BRUXISM AND THE DAILY LIFE OF CHILDREN AGED 7-10","authors":"Marianna Dimitrova, Nadezhda Mitova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2024301.5405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2024301.5405","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In 2020, the global pandemic of COVID-19 significantly affected our daily lives. The youngest students were most affected due to the establishment of distance education, which is associated with social isolation and increased screen time. Aim:To investigate the prevalence and specific risk factors for sleep bruxism associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in children aged 7-10 years, their eating habits and physical activity. Materials and methods: The object of the study are 267 children aged 7-10 years. The examined children underwent a clinical examination, during which the following were registered: dental status and attrition, oral hygiene and orthodontic status. Anamnestic data on nocturnal bruxism, physical activity, dietary habits, and screen exposure were obtained from 241 parents via a questionnaire. The results were statistically processed with SPSS-19. Results: The frequency of bruxism in children aged 7-10 is 21.4% (p<0.05). No increase in its frequency or intensity was found during the pandemic in the studied groups. The average increase in screen exposure during the pandemic was more than 60 minutes per day (p<0.05). In 1/4 of the children, physical activity during the pandemic decreased (p<0.05). In 21.6% of the examined children, the intake of simple carbohydrates increased (p<0.05). Conclusions: Bruxism is a common condition in school-aged children. The restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have led to a rise in some risk factors for bruxism oral and general health of children aged 7-10 years by increasing their screen exposure, consumption of simple carbohydrates and decreasing their physical activity.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023294.5286
Tihomir Georgiev, Georgi Todorov
Introduction: Prostate, pancreatic and liver cancers are a major cause of death in Europe and including Bulgaria. Some methods for treatment include the use of electric current to create pores in the cells' membranes, and can be used in combination with other techniques, while an electric field with enough strength causes irreversible electroporation (IRE) and is a separate technique. Material and methods:Search was conducted for scientific articles about electroporation and IRE. Results: Most important parameters reported in scientific articles are electric field distribution, tissue characteristics and interaction, electric pulse settings. Articles that report patient outcomes suggest several possible advantages of – retaining urinary and sexual functions, possible increase of overall survival rate, low rate of serious adverse events and promising results when applied with chemotherapy. However, there are some studies that do not corroborate these results. The technique is also used for the treatment of renal cancer, and there are researches indicating a potential for use in ovarian, cervical and breast cancer. Conclusion: Studies suggest the IRE method is safe and feasible for the treatment of prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer and liver cancer, but improvements in the protocols is needed to prevent a decrease of quality of life.
{"title":"IRREVERSIBLE ELECTROPORATION FOR CANCER TREATMENT: A REVIEW","authors":"Tihomir Georgiev, Georgi Todorov","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023294.5286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023294.5286","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prostate, pancreatic and liver cancers are a major cause of death in Europe and including Bulgaria. Some methods for treatment include the use of electric current to create pores in the cells' membranes, and can be used in combination with other techniques, while an electric field with enough strength causes irreversible electroporation (IRE) and is a separate technique. Material and methods:Search was conducted for scientific articles about electroporation and IRE. Results: Most important parameters reported in scientific articles are electric field distribution, tissue characteristics and interaction, electric pulse settings. Articles that report patient outcomes suggest several possible advantages of – retaining urinary and sexual functions, possible increase of overall survival rate, low rate of serious adverse events and promising results when applied with chemotherapy. However, there are some studies that do not corroborate these results. The technique is also used for the treatment of renal cancer, and there are researches indicating a potential for use in ovarian, cervical and breast cancer. Conclusion: Studies suggest the IRE method is safe and feasible for the treatment of prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer and liver cancer, but improvements in the protocols is needed to prevent a decrease of quality of life.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":" 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023294.5282
Veselina Todorova, Ivan Filipov
Proximal caries is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Aim: to study the diagnostic accuracy of near-infrared transillumination (DIAGNOcam, KaVo) compared to digital bitewing radiography for initial proximal caries diagnosis. Materials and methods: 1600 proximal surfaces of premolars and molars of 50 patients were examined with DIAGNOcam and digital bitewing radiography, and the level of agreement between them was established. Results: for the diagnosis of proximal caries in dentin, a complete (100%) coincidence of the findings with the type of tooth and type of surface was established. For the diagnosis of proximal caries in enamel, a high level of agreement between the two methods was found, as transillumination with near-infrared light is more sensitive than digital bitewing radiography. Conclusion: DIAGNOcam is a promising screening device in clinical practice for early proximal caries detection.
{"title":"NEAR-INFRARED TRANSILLUMINATION COMPARED TO DIGITAL BITEWING RADIOGRAPHY FOR PROXIMAL CARIES DETECTION","authors":"Veselina Todorova, Ivan Filipov","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023294.5282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023294.5282","url":null,"abstract":"Proximal caries is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Aim: to study the diagnostic accuracy of near-infrared transillumination (DIAGNOcam, KaVo) compared to digital bitewing radiography for initial proximal caries diagnosis. Materials and methods: 1600 proximal surfaces of premolars and molars of 50 patients were examined with DIAGNOcam and digital bitewing radiography, and the level of agreement between them was established. Results: for the diagnosis of proximal caries in dentin, a complete (100%) coincidence of the findings with the type of tooth and type of surface was established. For the diagnosis of proximal caries in enamel, a high level of agreement between the two methods was found, as transillumination with near-infrared light is more sensitive than digital bitewing radiography. Conclusion: DIAGNOcam is a promising screening device in clinical practice for early proximal caries detection.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"16 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023294.5265
Viktoria Petrova, R. Vasileva, Janet Kirilova
Purpose: Indirect restorations can be performed using different impression techniques (conventional, laboratory, or intraoral scanners). Their accuracy determined their longevity. This study compares the marginal and internal adaptation of milled CAD/CAM composite inlays fabricated by conventional, hybrid, and digital methods. Material and methods: Thirty human premolars were prepared for MOD composite inlays(CI). They were divided into three equal groups depending on the process of fabrication: Group 1 (conventional group)— impression and laboratory-fabricated CI, Group 2 (hybrid group)— impression, laboratory scanner and milled CAD/CAM CI, and Group 3(digital group)— digital impression (intraoral scanner) and milled CAD/CAM CI. The marginal gap (MG), absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), and internal gap (IG) were measured at 120 different points per CI using X‐ray microtomography. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: The conventional and digital composite inlays present significantly smaller marginal and internal gaps than the CAD/CAM group manufactured by hybrid methods. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, we concluded that the CAD-CAM composite inlays fabricated by digital method exhibited statistically better marginal and internal adaptation results than composite CAD-CAM inlays by hybrid methods. The composite CAD-CAM inlays made by digital methods are an alternative to those made by a conventional methodology.
{"title":"ADAPTATION OF COMPOSITE CAD/CAM INLAYS FABRICATED BY DIFFERENT METHODS: AN IN VITRO MICRO-CT STUDY","authors":"Viktoria Petrova, R. Vasileva, Janet Kirilova","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023294.5265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023294.5265","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Indirect restorations can be performed using different impression techniques (conventional, laboratory, or intraoral scanners). Their accuracy determined their longevity. This study compares the marginal and internal adaptation of milled CAD/CAM composite inlays fabricated by conventional, hybrid, and digital methods. Material and methods: Thirty human premolars were prepared for MOD composite inlays(CI). They were divided into three equal groups depending on the process of fabrication: Group 1 (conventional group)— impression and laboratory-fabricated CI, Group 2 (hybrid group)— impression, laboratory scanner and milled CAD/CAM CI, and Group 3(digital group)— digital impression (intraoral scanner) and milled CAD/CAM CI. The marginal gap (MG), absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD), and internal gap (IG) were measured at 120 different points per CI using X‐ray microtomography. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: The conventional and digital composite inlays present significantly smaller marginal and internal gaps than the CAD/CAM group manufactured by hybrid methods. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, we concluded that the CAD-CAM composite inlays fabricated by digital method exhibited statistically better marginal and internal adaptation results than composite CAD-CAM inlays by hybrid methods. The composite CAD-CAM inlays made by digital methods are an alternative to those made by a conventional methodology.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.5272/jimab.2023294.5276
Yanko Yankov, Lyuben Stoev
Background: Odontogenic abscesses are the most common pathology in maxillofacial surgery. Their frequency is significantly higher in people with poor social status. Materials and methods: The study retrospectively included 81 patients with odontogenic abscesses and phlegmons of the head and neck, hospitalized and operated on as an emergency case. Incision wound secretion for microbiological examination and preparation of an antibiogram were taken from each of them as a standard routine procedure. Results and discussion: The most affected are young patients (till 44 years), followed by patients in middle age (45-59 years). The reason for this is that with age, teeth gradually fall out of the dentition of mature individuals, and with this, the possibility of the occurrence of odontogenic infections decreases. The lower jaw is more affected. A mixed resident microflora comprising more than one bacterial species is isolated in 62% of all patients. Gram-positive bacteria isolated in the samples of the studied patients were coagulase-negative staphylococci (Staphylococcus coagulase negative, CNS), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus viridans. Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Obligate anaerobes were found in only one sample. The isolated fungi were Candida albicans and Candidanonalbicans. Conclusion: In the studied group of patients with odontogenic abscesses, Gram-positive bacteria In the studied group of patients with odontogenic abscesses, Gram-positive bacteria were 2.5 times more than Gram-negative. Single antibacterial therapy is preferable for patients with small-area odontogenic abscesses, while triple antibacterial therapy is recommended for large-area odontogenic abscesses and their phlegmonous forms.
{"title":"DEMOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION, ETIOLOGICAL BACTERIAL SPECTRUM AND ANTIBACTERIAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ODONTOGENIC ABSCESSES AND PHLEGMONS OF THE HEAD AND NECK","authors":"Yanko Yankov, Lyuben Stoev","doi":"10.5272/jimab.2023294.5276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2023294.5276","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Odontogenic abscesses are the most common pathology in maxillofacial surgery. Their frequency is significantly higher in people with poor social status. Materials and methods: The study retrospectively included 81 patients with odontogenic abscesses and phlegmons of the head and neck, hospitalized and operated on as an emergency case. Incision wound secretion for microbiological examination and preparation of an antibiogram were taken from each of them as a standard routine procedure. Results and discussion: The most affected are young patients (till 44 years), followed by patients in middle age (45-59 years). The reason for this is that with age, teeth gradually fall out of the dentition of mature individuals, and with this, the possibility of the occurrence of odontogenic infections decreases. The lower jaw is more affected. A mixed resident microflora comprising more than one bacterial species is isolated in 62% of all patients. Gram-positive bacteria isolated in the samples of the studied patients were coagulase-negative staphylococci (Staphylococcus coagulase negative, CNS), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus viridans. Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Obligate anaerobes were found in only one sample. The isolated fungi were Candida albicans and Candidanonalbicans. Conclusion: In the studied group of patients with odontogenic abscesses, Gram-positive bacteria In the studied group of patients with odontogenic abscesses, Gram-positive bacteria were 2.5 times more than Gram-negative. Single antibacterial therapy is preferable for patients with small-area odontogenic abscesses, while triple antibacterial therapy is recommended for large-area odontogenic abscesses and their phlegmonous forms.","PeriodicalId":339756,"journal":{"name":"Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers)","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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