K. Tefera, Azeb Weldesenbet, K. Tilahun, R. Ayda, K. Hafte
Introduction: Drug use evaluation (DUE) is a system of ongoing, systematic criteria based evaluation of drug use that will help ensure that medicines are used appropriately at the individual patient level. Irrational drug use is numerous and complex involving the health system, prescriber, dispenser, patient and the community. Hence, this study was focused on assessing rational drug use using WHO core drug use indicators in Dilchoral Hospital (DH), Eastern Ethiopia. Methodology: A cross sectional study design was used. Data collection formatwere developed according to WHO recommendation and validated to our context. The data was processed and analyzed using EX-Cell sheet as per WHO criteria for drug use evaluation as per standard treatment guideline of Ethiopia. Result: Majority of prescriptions had patient sex (68.00%), age (65.66%), and card number (73.50%). Only small number of prescription had patient weight (1.00%), patient diagnosis (1.16%), and dispenser’s signature. Among the total prescribed medicines, (37.50%) were antibiotics, (34.61%) were injections, and more than ninety percent of drugs were written by generic name and use the hospital drug list. Conclusion: Generally according to WHO guideline recommendation, most of the prescribing indicators are lower than the standards. Hence the hospital DTC collaborated with the hospital administration and staff should address the gaps. Dilchora Hospital Drug and Therapeutic committee (DTC) should promote rational prescription and dispensing practice for improved health care service and putting policy and procedure for prescribing antibiotics.
{"title":"Assessment of Medicines use in Eastern Ethiopian Hospital: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"K. Tefera, Azeb Weldesenbet, K. Tilahun, R. Ayda, K. Hafte","doi":"10.14303/irjm.2018.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/irjm.2018.022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Drug use evaluation (DUE) is a system of ongoing, systematic criteria based evaluation of drug use that will help ensure that medicines are used appropriately at the individual patient level. Irrational drug use is numerous and complex involving the health system, prescriber, dispenser, patient and the community. Hence, this study was focused on assessing rational drug use using WHO core drug use indicators in Dilchoral Hospital (DH), Eastern Ethiopia. \u0000Methodology: A cross sectional study design was used. Data collection formatwere developed according to WHO recommendation and validated to our context. The data was processed and analyzed using EX-Cell sheet as per WHO criteria for drug use evaluation as per standard treatment guideline of Ethiopia. \u0000Result: Majority of prescriptions had patient sex (68.00%), age (65.66%), and card number (73.50%). Only small number of prescription had patient weight (1.00%), patient diagnosis (1.16%), and dispenser’s signature. Among the total prescribed medicines, (37.50%) were antibiotics, (34.61%) were injections, and more than ninety percent of drugs were written by generic name and use the hospital drug list. \u0000Conclusion: Generally according to WHO guideline recommendation, most of the prescribing indicators are lower than the standards. Hence the hospital DTC collaborated with the hospital administration and staff should address the gaps. Dilchora Hospital Drug and Therapeutic committee (DTC) should promote rational prescription and dispensing practice for improved health care service and putting policy and procedure for prescribing antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":339780,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Microbiology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127316752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality and safety of green pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown along Abay river of Bahir Dar town, Ethiopia. The mean aerobic mesophilic counts from tomato and green pepper were 4.72 and 5.01 respectively. The mean total coliform counts from tomato was 234.9 MPN/g and green pepper 303.2 MPN/g. Similarly, the mean fecal coliform counts of tomato was 45.08 MPN/g and 58.1MPN/g from green pepper. The mean bacterial counts of green pepper were higher than tomato vegetables. Moreover, 5 (8.3%) Salmonella, 3 (5%) Shigella spp. and 6 (10% ) E. coli spp. were isolated from tomato; and 6 (10%) Salmonella, 5 (8.3%) Shigella and 9 (15%) E. coli spp. were detected from green pepper samples. The mean total coliform counts from Bezawit were 1040 MPN/100ml and 711.67MPN/100ml Gudguad site. Similarly, the mean fecal coliform counts of Bezawit was 689.67MPN/100ml and 390.00MPN/100ml from Gudguad. In both sites, lack of awareness and poor irrigation practice promote the probability of vegetable contamination. Therefore, keeping the irrigation practice of irrigated vegetable and providing regular training for farmers are some of the practices to improve bacteriological quality, safety and shelflife of vegetables and their products.
{"title":"Bacteriological quality and safety of green pepper and tomato irrigated with Abay River water in Bahir Dar town","authors":"D. Temesgen, M. Kibret","doi":"10.14303/IRJM.2018.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14303/IRJM.2018.029","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the bacteriological quality and safety of green pepper (Capsicum annuum) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) grown along Abay river of Bahir Dar town, Ethiopia. The mean aerobic mesophilic counts from tomato and green pepper were 4.72 and 5.01 respectively. The mean total coliform counts from tomato was 234.9 MPN/g and green pepper 303.2 MPN/g. Similarly, the mean fecal coliform counts of tomato was 45.08 MPN/g and 58.1MPN/g from green pepper. The mean bacterial counts of green pepper were higher than tomato vegetables. Moreover, 5 (8.3%) Salmonella, 3 (5%) Shigella spp. and 6 (10% ) E. coli spp. were isolated from tomato; and 6 (10%) Salmonella, 5 (8.3%) Shigella and 9 (15%) E. coli spp. were detected from green pepper samples. The mean total coliform counts from Bezawit were 1040 MPN/100ml and 711.67MPN/100ml Gudguad site. Similarly, the mean fecal coliform counts of Bezawit was 689.67MPN/100ml and 390.00MPN/100ml from Gudguad. In both sites, lack of awareness and poor irrigation practice promote the probability of vegetable contamination. Therefore, keeping the irrigation practice of irrigated vegetable and providing regular training for farmers are some of the practices to improve bacteriological quality, safety and shelflife of vegetables and their products.","PeriodicalId":339780,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal of Microbiology","volume":"349 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121088733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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