Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371728
F. Soltankarimi, J. Nourinia, C. Ghobadi
The sidelobe level (SLL) of linear and planar phased arrays is optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA). The amplitude and phase of the current of the antennas are all taken as variables to be controlled. As a final example, the design specifications for a 100 element linear array and a 100 element planar array are given. The linear and planar arrays are also optimized over scan angle. Simulation results are presented as several plots. Successful applications show that the GA can be used as a general tool for pattern synthesis of arbitrary arrays.
{"title":"Side lobe level optimization in phased array antennas using genetic algorithm","authors":"F. Soltankarimi, J. Nourinia, C. Ghobadi","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371728","url":null,"abstract":"The sidelobe level (SLL) of linear and planar phased arrays is optimized using a genetic algorithm (GA). The amplitude and phase of the current of the antennas are all taken as variables to be controlled. As a final example, the design specifications for a 100 element linear array and a 100 element planar array are given. The linear and planar arrays are also optimized over scan angle. Simulation results are presented as several plots. Successful applications show that the GA can be used as a general tool for pattern synthesis of arbitrary arrays.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123456388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371779
M. Patwary, P. Rapajic, Jinho Choi
A reduced complexity decision feedback maximum likelihood sequence estimation (DF-MLSE) for MIMO frequency selective fading channels has been proposed. The BER performance of the proposed algorithm is the same as for the standard MLSE, yet computational complexity is significantly reduced. For a typical MIMO system with 4 transmitter antennas and 4 receiver antennas the computational complexity reduction is 20-fold. The complexity reduction in previously proposed receivers is even higher at the cost of 2 dB SNR loss for the same BER performance as for the standard MLSE. Unlike previous approaches we are taking advantage of the a priori knowledge hidden in the time domain received signal structure to produce receivers with the same BER performance as the standard MLSE detector and significantly lower computational cost.
{"title":"Low complexity sequence detection for MIMO ISI channel with decision feedback MLSE","authors":"M. Patwary, P. Rapajic, Jinho Choi","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371779","url":null,"abstract":"A reduced complexity decision feedback maximum likelihood sequence estimation (DF-MLSE) for MIMO frequency selective fading channels has been proposed. The BER performance of the proposed algorithm is the same as for the standard MLSE, yet computational complexity is significantly reduced. For a typical MIMO system with 4 transmitter antennas and 4 receiver antennas the computational complexity reduction is 20-fold. The complexity reduction in previously proposed receivers is even higher at the cost of 2 dB SNR loss for the same BER performance as for the standard MLSE. Unlike previous approaches we are taking advantage of the a priori knowledge hidden in the time domain received signal structure to produce receivers with the same BER performance as the standard MLSE detector and significantly lower computational cost.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116326306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371676
M. Shayesteh, M. N. Kenari
We consider multirate time-hopping ultra-wideband (TH-UWB) communication systems where each user can have several multirate services. We investigate both the constant spreading factor scheme, which uses multicode, and variable spreading factor scheme, which uses constant chip time and variable frame number. For multicode structure, we consider two methods. In the first, one kind of signature (PN) code is used to distinguish users and their diverse services alike. Whereas in the second one different users and different services of the same user are distinguished through two kinds of signature codes, namely PN code and Walsh code, respectively. For the variable spreading factor scheme, one signature code is assigned to each user and different services are differentiated by time multiplexing. We evaluate and compare the performance of these multirate TH-UWB systems in the uncoded and coded schemes. Our results indicate that while the multicode structure with two kinds of signature codes outperforms the other structures in the uncoded scheme, the structure with one kind of signature code (PN code) performs the best for the coded scheme. We also show that even though the coded scheme considered requires the same bandwidth as the uncoded scheme, the coded scheme significantly outperforms the uncoded scheme of all three methods.
{"title":"Various multirate time-hopping UWB systems and performance evaluation","authors":"M. Shayesteh, M. N. Kenari","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371676","url":null,"abstract":"We consider multirate time-hopping ultra-wideband (TH-UWB) communication systems where each user can have several multirate services. We investigate both the constant spreading factor scheme, which uses multicode, and variable spreading factor scheme, which uses constant chip time and variable frame number. For multicode structure, we consider two methods. In the first, one kind of signature (PN) code is used to distinguish users and their diverse services alike. Whereas in the second one different users and different services of the same user are distinguished through two kinds of signature codes, namely PN code and Walsh code, respectively. For the variable spreading factor scheme, one signature code is assigned to each user and different services are differentiated by time multiplexing. We evaluate and compare the performance of these multirate TH-UWB systems in the uncoded and coded schemes. Our results indicate that while the multicode structure with two kinds of signature codes outperforms the other structures in the uncoded scheme, the structure with one kind of signature code (PN code) performs the best for the coded scheme. We also show that even though the coded scheme considered requires the same bandwidth as the uncoded scheme, the coded scheme significantly outperforms the uncoded scheme of all three methods.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121562406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371686
T. Kawamura, K. Higuchi, H. Atarashi, M. Sawahashi
The paper proposes adaptive spreading and channel coding gain (ASCG) control with QPSK data modulation according to the instantaneous received signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) of each packet duration, and presents experimental results using this scheme in broadband DS-CDMA wireless access in the reverse link. In the implemented broadband DS-CDMA transceiver with a 40 MHz bandwidth, a combination of turbo coding gain and the number of multiplexed codes for the spreading factor of SF = 4 (i.e., equivalent spreading gain) is adaptively changed based on the measured received SINR using a dedicated pilot channel over the packet duration of 0.5 msec to provide the maximum throughput according to the channel conditions in a multipath fading channel. Based on field experiments in real multipath fading channels, we observe a large number of multipath (i.e., more than 10 paths) components, which are approximated as an exponentially decayed power delay profile model in a 40 MHz bandwidth. In such multipath fading channels, we confirm that the proposed ASCG control properly operates according to the measured instantaneous received SINR, and, as a result, a throughput of greater than 20 Mbps is achieved at the average measured received SINR per antenna of approximately 5.5 dB.
{"title":"Adaptive spreading and channel coding gain control and its experimental results in broadband DS-CDMA reverse link","authors":"T. Kawamura, K. Higuchi, H. Atarashi, M. Sawahashi","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371686","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes adaptive spreading and channel coding gain (ASCG) control with QPSK data modulation according to the instantaneous received signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) of each packet duration, and presents experimental results using this scheme in broadband DS-CDMA wireless access in the reverse link. In the implemented broadband DS-CDMA transceiver with a 40 MHz bandwidth, a combination of turbo coding gain and the number of multiplexed codes for the spreading factor of SF = 4 (i.e., equivalent spreading gain) is adaptively changed based on the measured received SINR using a dedicated pilot channel over the packet duration of 0.5 msec to provide the maximum throughput according to the channel conditions in a multipath fading channel. Based on field experiments in real multipath fading channels, we observe a large number of multipath (i.e., more than 10 paths) components, which are approximated as an exponentially decayed power delay profile model in a 40 MHz bandwidth. In such multipath fading channels, we confirm that the proposed ASCG control properly operates according to the measured instantaneous received SINR, and, as a result, a throughput of greater than 20 Mbps is achieved at the average measured received SINR per antenna of approximately 5.5 dB.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"134 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113984909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371786
S. Sureshkumar, E. Shwedyk, H. Nguyen
The influence of bandlimited multiple chip waveforms on the performance of asynchronous, multicarrier, direct sequence code-division multiple access (MC-DS-CDMA) systems is investigated for the downlink. The performance criterion is the average multiple access interference (MAI) at the output of a matched filter receiver. An additive white Gaussian noise channel is assumed. It is demonstrated that for carrier spacing c = 1/(1 + /spl beta/), using the same chip waveform for all the carriers, minimizes the MAI, i.e, there is no need to assign different chip waveforms to different carriers.
{"title":"Multicarrier DS-CDMA systems with multiple chip waveforms","authors":"S. Sureshkumar, E. Shwedyk, H. Nguyen","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371786","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of bandlimited multiple chip waveforms on the performance of asynchronous, multicarrier, direct sequence code-division multiple access (MC-DS-CDMA) systems is investigated for the downlink. The performance criterion is the average multiple access interference (MAI) at the output of a matched filter receiver. An additive white Gaussian noise channel is assumed. It is demonstrated that for carrier spacing c = 1/(1 + /spl beta/), using the same chip waveform for all the carriers, minimizes the MAI, i.e, there is no need to assign different chip waveforms to different carriers.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114752347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371761
Fabrice Portier, J. Hélard, J. Auffray, J. Baudais
We compare the performance of Alamouti's space-time block coded MC-CDMA systems for indoor and outdoor realistic scenarios with zero forcing or minimum mean square error detection schemes. Two different configurations of the system are considered for the two scenarios. The different results obtained as well for indoor as for outdoor scenarios demonstrate that spatial diversity improves significantly the performance of MC-CDMA systems. Then, Alamouti's STBC MC-CDMA schemes derive full benefit from the frequency and spatial diversities and can be considered as a very realistic and promising candidate for the air interface downlink of the 4th generation mobile radio systems.
{"title":"STBC MC-CDMA systems for indoor and outdoor scenarios","authors":"Fabrice Portier, J. Hélard, J. Auffray, J. Baudais","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371761","url":null,"abstract":"We compare the performance of Alamouti's space-time block coded MC-CDMA systems for indoor and outdoor realistic scenarios with zero forcing or minimum mean square error detection schemes. Two different configurations of the system are considered for the two scenarios. The different results obtained as well for indoor as for outdoor scenarios demonstrate that spatial diversity improves significantly the performance of MC-CDMA systems. Then, Alamouti's STBC MC-CDMA schemes derive full benefit from the frequency and spatial diversities and can be considered as a very realistic and promising candidate for the air interface downlink of the 4th generation mobile radio systems.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114783045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371771
P. W. Baier, M. Meurer
CDMA techniques are widely used in 3G mobile radio systems, and this can be also expected for the fourth generation of mobile radio communications. CDMA offers the advantages of frequency diversity, interferer diversity and flexibility. Unfortunately, these advantages go along with the problem of signal separation typical of CDMA, which hampers spectral efficiency and capacity. In the paper some possibilities to mitigate this problem and to thus enhance CDMA performance are shown. These possibilities include CDMA signal separation based on the turbo principle, the application of multi-element antennas at the base stations in combination with nonlinear signal processing, and an alternative to conventional cellular structures exploiting the spatial separation of the mobile terminals.
{"title":"Advanced CDMA transmission concepts for 3G and 4G mobile radio communications","authors":"P. W. Baier, M. Meurer","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371771","url":null,"abstract":"CDMA techniques are widely used in 3G mobile radio systems, and this can be also expected for the fourth generation of mobile radio communications. CDMA offers the advantages of frequency diversity, interferer diversity and flexibility. Unfortunately, these advantages go along with the problem of signal separation typical of CDMA, which hampers spectral efficiency and capacity. In the paper some possibilities to mitigate this problem and to thus enhance CDMA performance are shown. These possibilities include CDMA signal separation based on the turbo principle, the application of multi-element antennas at the base stations in combination with nonlinear signal processing, and an alternative to conventional cellular structures exploiting the spatial separation of the mobile terminals.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128015934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371763
V. Le Nir, M. Hélard, L. Rodolphe
We combine spatial multiplexing with a multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system associated to a turbo coding (TC) scheme. MC-CDMA is likely to be a very promising access technique for future wireless communication systems. In fact, MC-CDMA exploits the advantages of both the multi-carrier modulation and code division multiple access (CDMA) technique. On the other hand, the capacity of a multi-antenna system can linearly increase with the minimum of transmit and receive antennas using spatial multiplexing. We study the concatenation of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems for N/sub t/ transmit and N/sub r/ receive antennas and MC-CDMA with a TC scheme. Simulation results are provided for different loads in order to demonstrate the efficiency of spatial multiplexing combined with the turbo channel coding scheme for a multiuser system based on MC-CDMA for both uncorrelated and correlated antenna systems.
{"title":"Spatial multiplexing applied to turbo coded multicarrier CDMA","authors":"V. Le Nir, M. Hélard, L. Rodolphe","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371763","url":null,"abstract":"We combine spatial multiplexing with a multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system associated to a turbo coding (TC) scheme. MC-CDMA is likely to be a very promising access technique for future wireless communication systems. In fact, MC-CDMA exploits the advantages of both the multi-carrier modulation and code division multiple access (CDMA) technique. On the other hand, the capacity of a multi-antenna system can linearly increase with the minimum of transmit and receive antennas using spatial multiplexing. We study the concatenation of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems for N/sub t/ transmit and N/sub r/ receive antennas and MC-CDMA with a TC scheme. Simulation results are provided for different loads in order to demonstrate the efficiency of spatial multiplexing combined with the turbo channel coding scheme for a multiuser system based on MC-CDMA for both uncorrelated and correlated antenna systems.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125736585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371810
A. Jayalath, C. Athaudage
Peak power reduction in space-time coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is a challenging task. Most of the current peak power reduction schemes reduce the peak power by manipulating the signal at the final IDFT process. However, in the case of space-time coded OFDM, any processing at this stage would violate the space-time code structure, making its detection at the receiver impossible. The paper shows that selected mapping (SLM) reduces the peak power of space-time coded OFDM signals without violating the space-time code. Reduced peak power of the OFDM signal relaxes the strict dynamic range requirements of the transmitter.
{"title":"Peak power reduction of space-time coded OFDM signals","authors":"A. Jayalath, C. Athaudage","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371810","url":null,"abstract":"Peak power reduction in space-time coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is a challenging task. Most of the current peak power reduction schemes reduce the peak power by manipulating the signal at the final IDFT process. However, in the case of space-time coded OFDM, any processing at this stage would violate the space-time code structure, making its detection at the receiver impossible. The paper shows that selected mapping (SLM) reduces the peak power of space-time coded OFDM signals without violating the space-time code. Reduced peak power of the OFDM signal relaxes the strict dynamic range requirements of the transmitter.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130138357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-08-30DOI: 10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371838
F. Zeng, L. Ge
For one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) binary, ternary and polyphase sequence set with zero correlation zone (ZCZ), generalized methods of extension of family size are proposed at the cost of decreasing width of ZCZ, based on left shift operator or chip shift operator. Enlarged family size will multiply the original size in keeping with the reduction of width of ZCZ. These approaches can satisfy systems requirement to sequence set with large family size in communications, radar and navigation systems. In addition, lower bounds for 2D sequences with ZCZ or low correlation zone (LCZ) are presented as well.
{"title":"Some novel results on 1D and 2D sequences with zero correlation zone","authors":"F. Zeng, L. Ge","doi":"10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSSTA.2004.1371838","url":null,"abstract":"For one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) binary, ternary and polyphase sequence set with zero correlation zone (ZCZ), generalized methods of extension of family size are proposed at the cost of decreasing width of ZCZ, based on left shift operator or chip shift operator. Enlarged family size will multiply the original size in keeping with the reduction of width of ZCZ. These approaches can satisfy systems requirement to sequence set with large family size in communications, radar and navigation systems. In addition, lower bounds for 2D sequences with ZCZ or low correlation zone (LCZ) are presented as well.","PeriodicalId":340769,"journal":{"name":"Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications - Programme and Book of Abstracts (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8738)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134419679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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