Background and Aim: Adolescents with hearing loss face many communication problems and challenges due to their hearing impairment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychodrama on communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest design using a control group. The study population consists of all adolescents with hearing loss aged 12–15 years studying at Naghme School for the Deaf in Yazd, Iran. A total of 24 adolescents were selected using a purposive sampling technique and were randomly assigned into groups of control (n=12) and intervention (n=12). The intervention group received psychodrama at nine sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no treatment. The Queendom Communication Skills Test (QCST) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Psychodrama can improve communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss, which is verbal communication. Conclusion: The mean and standard deviation of the pretest QCST score was 78.75±9.4 for the intervention group. After the treatment, the QCST scores was 105.08±6.28 for the intervention group. The results of ANCOVA showed an improvement in Queendom Communication Skills Test scores of adolescents after intervention (p<0.001). Keywords: Hearing loss; communication skills; psychodrama
背景与目的:听力损失青少年由于听力障碍而面临许多沟通问题和挑战。本研究旨在探讨心理剧对失聪青少年沟通技巧的影响。方法:本研究为准实验研究，采用前测/后测设计，采用对照组。研究人群包括在伊朗亚兹德Naghme聋人学校学习的所有12-15岁的听力损失青少年。采用有目的抽样方法，选取24名青少年，随机分为对照组(n=12)和干预组(n=12)。干预组接受九次心理剧治疗，每次90分钟，而对照组不接受任何治疗。使用女王沟通技巧测试(QCST)收集数据。数据分析采用描述性和推断性统计。结果:心理剧能提高青少年听力损失患者的沟通能力，主要表现在言语沟通方面。结论:干预组前测QCST评分的均值和标准差为78.75±9.4。干预组治疗后QCST评分为105.08±6.28分。ANCOVA结果显示，干预后青少年的queen Communication Skills Test成绩有改善(p<0.001)。关键词:听力损失;沟通技巧;心理剧
{"title":"Effect of Psychodrama on Communication Skills of Adolescents with Hearing Loss","authors":"Ali Nemati, F. Demehri, Mohsen Saeidmanesh","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i2.9113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i2.9113","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Adolescents with hearing loss face many communication problems and challenges due to their hearing impairment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychodrama on communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss. \u0000Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest design using a control group. The study population consists of all adolescents with hearing loss aged 12–15 years studying at Naghme School for the Deaf in Yazd, Iran. A total of 24 adolescents were selected using a purposive sampling technique and were randomly assigned into groups of control (n=12) and intervention (n=12). The intervention group received psychodrama at nine sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no treatment. The Queendom Communication Skills Test (QCST) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. \u0000Results: Psychodrama can improve communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss, which is verbal communication. \u0000Conclusion: The mean and standard deviation of the pretest QCST score was 78.75±9.4 for the intervention group. After the treatment, the QCST scores was 105.08±6.28 for the intervention group. The results of ANCOVA showed an improvement in Queendom Communication Skills Test scores of adolescents after intervention (p<0.001). \u0000Keywords: Hearing loss; communication skills; psychodrama","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43573873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: Background noise as a serious challenge mainly affects the speech perception in people with hearing loss. One of the methods used to control noise is digital noise reduction (DNR) technique. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of DNR program (activated and deactivated) on the frequency gain of basic and advanced behind-the-ear (BTE) Oticon hearing aids, using different DNR strategies to reduce background noise. Methods: Two behind-the-ear Oticon hearing aids (Opn1 S105 and GetP) were used in this study. The Affinity 2.0 test box was first used to measure their DNR (off/on) gains using the national acoustic laboratories-non linear2 (NAL-NL2) and desired sensation level multi-stage [input/output] (DSLm[I/O]) formulas at sound pressure levels of 45, 65 and 85 dB SPL at a frequency range of 250-8000 Hz for three hearing loss (HL) patterns using the international speech test signal and broad band noise. Results: There was a significant difference in DNR performance between the Opn1 S105 and GetP models for all three HL patterns at 45 and 65 dB SPL and most frequencies. Conclusion: The DNR performance of advanced and basic hearing aids is different for different HLs at 45 and 65 dB SPL and most frequencies. The performance of advanced hearing aids is significant using the DSLm[I/O] formula at most frequencies. Keywords: Digital noise reduction; international speech test signal; frequency response; broad band noise
背景与目的:背景噪声作为一种严重的挑战，主要影响听力损失人群的语言感知。数字降噪(DNR)技术是控制噪声的一种方法。本研究旨在探讨DNR程序(激活和停用)对基本和高级耳后助听器(BTE)频率增益的影响，采用不同的DNR策略来降低背景噪声。方法:使用两种耳后助听器Opn1 S105和GetP。首先使用Affinity 2.0测试箱，使用国家声学实验室-非线性(NAL-NL2)和期望感觉级多级[输入/输出](DSLm[I/O])公式，在45、65和85 dB SPL的声压级下，使用国际语音测试信号和宽带噪声，测量三种听力损失(HL)模式的DNR(关/开)增益。频率范围为250-8000 Hz。结果:Opn1 S105和GetP模型在45和65 dB SPL和大多数频率下对所有三种HL模式的DNR性能都有显著差异。结论:高级助听器和基础助听器在45和65 dB声压级及大多数频率的不同声压级下的DNR性能不同。在大多数频率下使用DSLm[I/O]公式，高级助听器的性能是显著的。关键词:数字降噪;国际语音测试信号;频率响应;宽带噪声
{"title":"Comparing the Effect of Digital Noise Reduction Technique on Frequency Gain of Behind-the-Ear Digital Hearing Aids","authors":"M. Shiroei, N. Rahbar, S. Sameni","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i2.9117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i2.9117","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Background noise as a serious challenge mainly affects the speech perception in people with hearing loss. One of the methods used to control noise is digital noise reduction (DNR) technique. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of DNR program (activated and deactivated) on the frequency gain of basic and advanced behind-the-ear (BTE) Oticon hearing aids, using different DNR strategies to reduce background noise. \u0000Methods: Two behind-the-ear Oticon hearing aids (Opn1 S105 and GetP) were used in this study. The Affinity 2.0 test box was first used to measure their DNR (off/on) gains using the national acoustic laboratories-non linear2 (NAL-NL2) and desired sensation level multi-stage [input/output] (DSLm[I/O]) formulas at sound pressure levels of 45, 65 and 85 dB SPL at a frequency range of 250-8000 Hz for three hearing loss (HL) patterns using the international speech test signal and broad band noise. \u0000Results: There was a significant difference in DNR performance between the Opn1 S105 and GetP models for all three HL patterns at 45 and 65 dB SPL and most frequencies. \u0000Conclusion: The DNR performance of advanced and basic hearing aids is different for different HLs at 45 and 65 dB SPL and most frequencies. The performance of advanced hearing aids is significant using the DSLm[I/O] formula at most frequencies. \u0000Keywords: Digital noise reduction; international speech test signal; frequency response; broad band noise","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43985817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: Consonant development plays a significant role in speech intelligibility which is impaired in children with profound hearing loss. Cochlear implant (CI) can facilitate the development of language comprehension and sound production in children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. This study aimed to compare consonant production skills in children with CI and normal-hearing (NH) children aged 3–5 years. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 20 children with CI and 20 age- matched NH children. The consonant production skills were assessed using the speech intelligibility test in Persian. Results: There were significant differences between CI and NH children (p<0.05), where the highest percentage of correct production in both groups was related to the manner of articulation of stop and nasal consonants. NH children showed less accuracy only in /r/ and /ʧ/, while children with CI were less accurate in /q/, /x/, /ʤ/, /l/, /j/, and /r/. Conclusion: Children with CI have lower scores compared to age-matched NH peers, but they have similar consonant production skills. Keywords: Cochlear implant; consonant production; consonant accuracy
背景与目的:辅音发育在重度听力损失儿童的言语清晰度中起着重要的作用。人工耳蜗可以促进重度至重度感音神经性听力损失儿童语言理解和声音产生的发展。本研究旨在比较3-5岁CI患儿与正常听力患儿的辅音生成能力。方法:在这项横断面研究中，参与者是20名CI儿童和20名年龄匹配的NH儿童。使用波斯语语音清晰度测试评估辅音生成技能。结果:CI组与NH组之间存在显著性差异(p<0.05)，两组的正确产音率最高与顿音和鼻辅音的发音方式有关。NH患儿仅在/r/和/ ug /中表现出较低的准确性，而CI患儿在/q/、/x/、/ /、/l/、/j/和/r/中表现出较低的准确性。结论:CI患儿得分较同龄NH患儿低，但具有相近的辅音生成技能。关键词:人工耳蜗;辅音生产;辅音的准确性
{"title":"Consonant Production Skills in Children with Cochlear Implants and Normal-Hearing Children Aged 3–5 Years","authors":"M. Sohrabi, N. Jalilevand","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i2.9114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i2.9114","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Consonant development plays a significant role in speech intelligibility which is impaired in children with profound hearing loss. Cochlear implant (CI) can facilitate the development of language comprehension and sound production in children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. This study aimed to compare consonant production skills in children with CI and normal-hearing (NH) children aged 3–5 years. \u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 20 children with CI and 20 age- matched NH children. The consonant production skills were assessed using the speech intelligibility test in Persian. \u0000Results: There were significant differences between CI and NH children (p<0.05), where the highest percentage of correct production in both groups was related to the manner of articulation of stop and nasal consonants. NH children showed less accuracy only in /r/ and /ʧ/, while children with CI were less accurate in /q/, /x/, /ʤ/, /l/, /j/, and /r/. \u0000Conclusion: Children with CI have lower scores compared to age-matched NH peers, but they have similar consonant production skills. \u0000Keywords: Cochlear implant; consonant production; consonant accuracy","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45615663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kavitha Gurunathgowda Sannamani, Madhumanti Chakraborty, N. Devi, P. Prabhu
Background and Aim: Musical training has shown to bring about superior performance in several auditory and non-auditory tasks compared to those without musical exposure. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) input-output function can be an indicator of the non-linear functioning of the cochlea. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the differences in the slope of DPOAE input-output function in individuals with and without musical abilities. Methods: Twenty normal-hearing individuals were considered in the age range of 18–25 years. They were divided based on the scores obtained on the questionnaire of musical abilities, as individuals with and without musical abilities. DPOAE input-output function was done for each of the two groups. The slope of the DPOAE input-output function was compared at different frequencies between the groups. Results: The results of the Mann Whitney test revealed that the slope was significantly steeper at 2000, 3000, 4000 and 6000 Hz in individuals with musical abilities. There was no significant difference in slope at 1000 and 1500 Hz. Conclusion: The increased steepness of the slope indicates a relatively better functioning of the cochlea in individuals with musical abilities. The enhanced perception of music may induce changes in the cochlea resulting in a better appreciation of music.
{"title":"Assessment of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions Input-Output Function in Individuals with and without Musical Abilities","authors":"Kavitha Gurunathgowda Sannamani, Madhumanti Chakraborty, N. Devi, P. Prabhu","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i1.8131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8131","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Musical training has shown to bring about superior performance in several auditory and non-auditory tasks compared to those without musical exposure. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) input-output function can be an indicator of the non-linear functioning of the cochlea. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the differences in the slope of DPOAE input-output function in individuals with and without musical abilities. \u0000Methods: Twenty normal-hearing individuals were considered in the age range of 18–25 years. They were divided based on the scores obtained on the questionnaire of musical abilities, as individuals with and without musical abilities. DPOAE input-output function was done for each of the two groups. The slope of the DPOAE input-output function was compared at different frequencies between the groups. \u0000Results: The results of the Mann Whitney test revealed that the slope was significantly steeper at 2000, 3000, 4000 and 6000 Hz in individuals with musical abilities. There was no significant difference in slope at 1000 and 1500 Hz. \u0000Conclusion: The increased steepness of the slope indicates a relatively better functioning of the cochlea in individuals with musical abilities. The enhanced perception of music may induce changes in the cochlea resulting in a better appreciation of music.","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47985286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: Ischemic injury is a major cause of hearing loss and oxidative stress is an important part of ischemic injury. The goal of this study was to evaluate the cochlear oxidative stress effect on auditory responses in male rats. Methods: Cochlear oxidative stress was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 minutes. The rats were evaluated by biochemical inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the day before and 1st, 4th, and 7th days following surgery. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) and electrocochleography (ECochG) were evaluated on the day before surgery and 14th, 21th and 28th days after surgery. Results: TNF-α and CRP levels concentrations increased one day after ischemia and subsequently decreased on the 7th day. The click and tone burst evoked ABR showed increased thresholds on day14th, 21th, and 28th. The highest threshold was recorded on day14th. The ECochG results also were abnormal for 55%, 70%, and 45% of cases on day 14th, 21th, and 28th, respectively. Conclusion: Cochlear oxidative stress affects hearing sensitivity. The ABR shows elevated thresholds and abnormal ECochG was found in many cases.
{"title":"Effect of Ischemia-Induced Cochlear Inflammation on Auditory Responses in Male Rats","authors":"H. Fanaei, A. Pourbakht, Sadegh Jafarzadeh","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i1.8135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8135","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Ischemic injury is a major cause of hearing loss and oxidative stress is an important part of ischemic injury. The goal of this study was to evaluate the cochlear oxidative stress effect on auditory responses in male rats. \u0000Methods: Cochlear oxidative stress was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 minutes. The rats were evaluated by biochemical inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the day before and 1st, 4th, and 7th days following surgery. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) and electrocochleography (ECochG) were evaluated on the day before surgery and 14th, 21th and 28th days after surgery. \u0000Results: TNF-α and CRP levels concentrations increased one day after ischemia and subsequently decreased on the 7th day. The click and tone burst evoked ABR showed increased thresholds on day14th, 21th, and 28th. The highest threshold was recorded on day14th. The ECochG results also were abnormal for 55%, 70%, and 45% of cases on day 14th, 21th, and 28th, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Cochlear oxidative stress affects hearing sensitivity. The ABR shows elevated thresholds and abnormal ECochG was found in many cases.","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47475677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elahe Nasiri, Hamid Jalilvand, N. Yazdani, A. Akbarzadeh Baghban
Background and Aim: Noise tolerance and performance in noisy environments are influential factors of hearing aid use in people with hearing loss. One of the causes of hearing loss is Meniere’s disease (MD), which affects speech perception in noise. Acceptable noise level (ANL) is a test that measures the maximum tolerated background noise level (BNL) while listening to the running speech. Since the effect of MD on ANL needs further study, the present study aims to examine the ANL test results in people with unilateral MD, and compare the results between the two ears. Methods: This cross sectional study conducted on 33 individuals with unilateral MD (21 females and 12 males) aged 32–60 years who had the disease for at least one year, who participated in this study. Their most comfortable level (MCL), BNL, and ANL in both ears were then evaluated. Results: The mean MCL and BNL were significantly different between the two ears, where they were higher in the affected ear than in the contralateral ear. There was also a significant difference in the ANL results between the two ears. In the affected ear, a statistically significant relationship was reported between the ANL and the average hearing thresholds at frequencies of 250, 500, and 1000 Hz. Conclusion: MD affects the ANL in the affected ear and causes a deterioration in its level and speech perception in noise.
{"title":"Acceptable Noise Level in Unilateral Ménière’s Disease","authors":"Elahe Nasiri, Hamid Jalilvand, N. Yazdani, A. Akbarzadeh Baghban","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i1.8129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8129","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Noise tolerance and performance in noisy environments are influential factors of hearing aid use in people with hearing loss. One of the causes of hearing loss is Meniere’s disease (MD), which affects speech perception in noise. Acceptable noise level (ANL) is a test that measures the maximum tolerated background noise level (BNL) while listening to the running speech. Since the effect of MD on ANL needs further study, the present study aims to examine the ANL test results in people with unilateral MD, and compare the results between the two ears. \u0000Methods: This cross sectional study conducted on 33 individuals with unilateral MD (21 females and 12 males) aged 32–60 years who had the disease for at least one year, who participated in this study. Their most comfortable level (MCL), BNL, and ANL in both ears were then evaluated. \u0000Results: The mean MCL and BNL were significantly different between the two ears, where they were higher in the affected ear than in the contralateral ear. There was also a significant difference in the ANL results between the two ears. In the affected ear, a statistically significant relationship was reported between the ANL and the average hearing thresholds at frequencies of 250, 500, and 1000 Hz. \u0000Conclusion: MD affects the ANL in the affected ear and causes a deterioration in its level and speech perception in noise.","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43650942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Khodaei, Arzaneh Fatahi, N. Rouhbakhsh, S. Jalaie, Amineh Koravand
Background and Aim: Hearing loss in children leads to speech and language delays, low academic achievement, literacy delays, and psychosocial difficulties. Screening instrument for targeting educational risk (SIFTER) is one of the questionnaires used for evaluation of students’ performance in schools. The current study aims to develop Persian versions of primary and secondary SIFTER questionnaires and assessing their validity and reliability. Methods: The main English versions of primary and secondary SIFTER questionnaires were translated into Persian named as P-SIFTER and secondary P-SIFTER. Then, their face validities were determined based on the options of related experts. The final versions were completed by 55 teachers of 150 students (64 primary and 86 secondary school students) divided into two groups of hearing-impaired (HI) and normal-hearing (NH) students. The test- retest reliabilities were assessed in 117 students (64 primary and 53 secondary school students). Results: The results revealed that these questionnaires had high face validity. The content validity index for P-SIFTER and secondary P-SIFTER were obtained 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. The total score of P-SIFTER was 51.85 and 65.41 in HI and NH students, respectively. For the secondary P-SIFTER, it was 58.75 and 67.48, respectively. The test-retest reliability showed high correlation for NH and HI students between P-SIFTER and secondary P-SIFTER scores. The Cronbach’s alpha value for the overall score of P-SIFTER was 0.96 for both HI and NH students; for secondary P-SIFTER, the values were 0.94 and 0.93, respectively. Conclusion: The Persian versions of primary and secondary SIFTER questionnaires have acceptable validity and reliability.
{"title":"Validity and Reliability of the Persian Versions of Primary and Secondary Screening Instrument for Targeting Educational Risk Questionnaires","authors":"F. Khodaei, Arzaneh Fatahi, N. Rouhbakhsh, S. Jalaie, Amineh Koravand","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i1.8136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8136","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Background and Aim: Hearing loss in children leads to speech and language delays, low academic achievement, literacy delays, and psychosocial difficulties. Screening instrument for targeting educational risk (SIFTER) is one of the questionnaires used for evaluation of students’ performance in schools. The current study aims to develop Persian versions of primary and secondary SIFTER questionnaires and assessing their validity and reliability. \u0000Methods: The main English versions of primary and secondary SIFTER questionnaires were translated into Persian named as P-SIFTER and secondary P-SIFTER. Then, their face validities were determined based on the options of related experts. The final versions were completed by 55 teachers of 150 students (64 primary and 86 secondary school students) divided into two groups of hearing-impaired (HI) and normal-hearing (NH) students. The test- retest reliabilities were assessed in 117 students (64 primary and 53 secondary school students). \u0000Results: The results revealed that these questionnaires had high face validity. The content validity index for P-SIFTER and secondary P-SIFTER were obtained 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. The total score of P-SIFTER was 51.85 and 65.41 in HI and NH students, respectively. For the secondary P-SIFTER, it was 58.75 and 67.48, respectively. The test-retest reliability showed high correlation for NH and HI students between P-SIFTER and secondary P-SIFTER scores. The Cronbach’s alpha value for the overall score of P-SIFTER was 0.96 for both HI and NH students; for secondary P-SIFTER, the values were 0.94 and 0.93, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The Persian versions of primary and secondary SIFTER questionnaires have acceptable validity and reliability. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43319231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tofiq Ahmadpour, Reyhane Toufan, A. Pourbakht, Mohammad Kamali
Background and Aim: Tinnitus is defined a phantom sound percept. Few studies have examined the occurrence of synaptopathy in tinnitus patients utilizing a battery of tests that indicate synaptopathy. This study aimed to investigate the role of synaptopathy in tinnitus production and compare the various characteristics of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test and electrocochleography (ECochG) in normal-hearing people with and without tinnitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 34 normal-hearing individuals, 20 without tinnitus as controls (11 females and 9 males) and 14 with tinnitus (8 females and 6 men). The test components (amplitude, growth and slope of wave I, V/I ratio, action potential (AP) amplitude, and summating potential (SP)/AP) ratio were recorded during the ABR and ECochG tests for each subject. Results: The control group had higher mean values of amplitude, growth and slope of wave I, and AP amplitude compared to the tinnitus group, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean V/I ratio and SP/AP ratio were lower in the control group than in the tinnitus group, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The significant difference in the parameters of ABR and ECochG tests between normal-hearing people with and without tinnitus indicates that these parameters can be used to evaluate the presence of synaptopathy in tinnitus patients. These findings suggest the need for proper interpretation of the results of ABR and ECochG tests in tinnitus patients with a focus on the parameters indicating synaptopathy.
{"title":"Evaluation of Cochlear Synaptopathy in Tinnitus Patients with Normal Hearing UsingAuditory Brainstem Response and Electrocochleography Tests","authors":"Tofiq Ahmadpour, Reyhane Toufan, A. Pourbakht, Mohammad Kamali","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i1.8128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8128","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Tinnitus is defined a phantom sound percept. Few studies have examined the occurrence of synaptopathy in tinnitus patients utilizing a battery of tests that indicate synaptopathy. This study aimed to investigate the role of synaptopathy in tinnitus production and compare the various characteristics of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test and electrocochleography (ECochG) in normal-hearing people with and without tinnitus. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 34 normal-hearing individuals, 20 without tinnitus as controls (11 females and 9 males) and 14 with tinnitus (8 females and 6 men). The test components (amplitude, growth and slope of wave I, V/I ratio, action potential (AP) amplitude, and summating potential (SP)/AP) ratio were recorded during the ABR and ECochG tests for each subject. \u0000Results: The control group had higher mean values of amplitude, growth and slope of wave I, and AP amplitude compared to the tinnitus group, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean V/I ratio and SP/AP ratio were lower in the control group than in the tinnitus group, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The significant difference in the parameters of ABR and ECochG tests between normal-hearing people with and without tinnitus indicates that these parameters can be used to evaluate the presence of synaptopathy in tinnitus patients. These findings suggest the need for proper interpretation of the results of ABR and ECochG tests in tinnitus patients with a focus on the parameters indicating synaptopathy.","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46757084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Jarollahi, A. Pourbakht, S. Jalaie, Mahbobeh Oruie
Background and Aim: Early detection of auditory processing disorders (APD) is essential for preventing learning and educational problems in school-aged children. It is crucial to take into account the comorbidity with APD, as well. The goal of APD screening is to obtain the basic information about those with auditory disorders to be referred for further evaluation. This study aimed to identify the elementary school students at risk of APD in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Participants were the parents of 536 children selected from 11 elementary schools in four districts of Tehran city. The schools in each district were selected by a random clustering method. The auditory system of students was first evaluated. The parents were then asked to complete the Persian version of the auditory processing domain questionnaire (APDQ). Results: The prevalence of APD was 3.3% in girls and 8.3% in boys and the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.021). The overall prevalence of APD was 4.6% based on the cut-off points of four APDQ domains, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6. Conclusion: It is necessary to screen APD in school-aged children to minimize learning and educational problems in them. Moreover, there is a need for developing screening methods to provide timely detection and appropriate intervention for those at risk of APD.
{"title":"Screening of Auditory Processing Disorders in School- Aged Children in Tehran, Iran Using the Auditory Processing Domain Questionnaire","authors":"F. Jarollahi, A. Pourbakht, S. Jalaie, Mahbobeh Oruie","doi":"10.18502/avr.v31i1.8130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/avr.v31i1.8130","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Early detection of auditory processing disorders (APD) is essential for preventing learning and educational problems in school-aged children. It is crucial to take into account the comorbidity with APD, as well. The goal of APD screening is to obtain the basic information about those with auditory disorders to be referred for further evaluation. This study aimed to identify the elementary school students at risk of APD in Tehran, Iran. \u0000Methods: Participants were the parents of 536 children selected from 11 elementary schools in four districts of Tehran city. The schools in each district were selected by a random clustering method. The auditory system of students was first evaluated. The parents were then asked to complete the Persian version of the auditory processing domain questionnaire (APDQ). \u0000Results: The prevalence of APD was 3.3% in girls and 8.3% in boys and the difference between them was statistically significant (p=0.021). The overall prevalence of APD was 4.6% based on the cut-off points of four APDQ domains, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.6. \u0000Conclusion: It is necessary to screen APD in school-aged children to minimize learning and educational problems in them. Moreover, there is a need for developing screening methods to provide timely detection and appropriate intervention for those at risk of APD.","PeriodicalId":34089,"journal":{"name":"Auditory and Vestibular Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47864459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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