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Speech Intelligibility Index: A Literature Review 语音清晰度指数:文献回顾
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i3.9861
S. M. Taghavi, G. Mohammadkhani, Hamid Jalilvand
Background and Aim: Speech is known as the most important auditory signal that humans deal with it. Noise can mask speech and prevent spoken information from reaching us. Researchers have been trying to develop indexes to assess speech intelligibility. Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) is one of these indicators and we intend to introduce its nature and applications. Recent Findings: SII is a method that numerically demonstrates the ability to hear speech in difficult listening situations. The number 1.0 indicates that all spoken information is available, while 0.0 indicates that the person does not have access to any information. Hearing loss changes a person’s scores on this index, so we need to use corrective factors to more accurately estimate speech intelligibility. In children, the SII score is different from adults. This indicator can be used in the improvement of hearing aid fitting and more accurate adjustment of cochlear implants. The frequency importance function used to calculate SII has a unique shape in each language. Therefore, SII will also differ in different languages, depending on the nature of each language. Conclusion: SII has emerged as a practical indicator among objective assessments of speech intelligibility. Many have tried to extend and prepare it for use in different groups. Therefore, care should be taken about the use of this index in hearing-impaired people, children, with hearing aids or cochlear implant patients, etc. Evaluation of this index in other languages can help to better adjust the hearing aid based on the characteristics of each language.   Keywords: Speech intelligibility index; hearing loss; children; hearing aid; cochlear implant; language
背景与目的:语言被认为是人类处理的最重要的听觉信号。噪音可以掩盖说话,阻止说话的信息传达给我们。研究人员一直在尝试开发评估语音清晰度的指标。语音清晰度指数(SII)就是其中的一种指标,本文将介绍其性质和应用。最近的发现:SII是一种用数字来证明在听力困难的情况下听到说话的能力的方法。数字1.0表示所有所说的信息都是可用的,而0.0表示该人没有访问任何信息的权限。听力损失会改变一个人在这个指标上的得分,所以我们需要使用校正因子来更准确地估计语音可理解性。儿童的SII得分与成人不同。该指标可用于改善助听器的配合度和更准确地调整人工耳蜗。用于计算SII的频率重要性函数在每种语言中都具有独特的形状。因此,SII在不同的语言中也会有所不同,这取决于每种语言的性质。结论:SII已成为客观评估语音可理解性的实用指标。许多人试图扩展和准备它以供不同群体使用。因此,对听障人士、儿童、配戴助听器或人工耳蜗患者等使用该指标时应谨慎。在其他语言中对该指标进行评价,有助于更好地根据每种语言的特点对助听器进行调整。关键词:语音清晰度指标;听力损失;孩子;助听器;人工耳蜗植入;语言
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引用次数: 1
Auditory Processing Skills in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis 多发性硬化症患者的听觉处理技巧
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9116
Mahsa Habibi, S. Farahani, N. Rouhbakhsh, Farzaneh Zamiri Abdollahi, Ehsan Negin, S. Jalaie
Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is neurological disease of the central nervous system. Central auditory nervous system can also be affected by MS. The present study aimed to evaluate monaural and binaural auditory processing in patients with MS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 patients with MS and 45 normal peers as controls aged 25–45 years. They underwent a central auditory processing test battery including the Persian versions of Buffalo model questionnaire (BMQ), staggered spondee word (SSW) test, quick speech in noise test (QSIN), phonemic synthesis test (PST), and two- pair dichotic digit test (DDT). Results: The results of SSW test, QSIN test, PST, DDT and BMQ in the MS group were significantly different than in the control group (p≤0.001). The results showed the poor performance of patients compared to controls in some monaural and binaural auditory processing skills. Conclusion: Central auditory processing disorder is common among patients with MS. The BMQ is a suitable screening tool for identifying affected people. Dichotic listening skills, phonemic processing and speech perception in noise are impaired in MS patients which can have significant impacts on their quality of life. Keywords: Auditory processing; multiple sclerosis, central auditory nervous system; adults; speech perception
背景与目的:多发性硬化症是一种中枢神经系统的神经系统疾病。中枢听觉神经系统也会受到MS的影响。本研究旨在评估MS患者的单耳和双耳听觉处理。方法:这项横断面研究对45名MS患者和45名25–45岁的正常同龄人进行了对照。他们接受了一组中枢听觉处理测试,包括波斯语版的水牛模型问卷(BMQ)、交错对应词(SSW)测试、噪声中快速语音测试(QSIN)、音素合成测试(PST)和两对二分位数测试(DDT)。结果:MS组的SSW试验、QSIN试验、PST、DDT和BMQ结果与对照组有显著差异(p≤0.001)。结果表明,患者在某些单耳和双耳听觉处理技能方面的表现与对照组相比较差。结论:中枢听觉加工障碍在MS患者中很常见,BMQ是一种合适的筛查工具。多发性硬化症患者在噪声中的二分听技能、音位处理和言语感知受损,这可能对他们的生活质量产生重大影响。关键词:听觉加工;多发性硬化症,中枢听觉神经系统;成年人;言语感知
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引用次数: 0
Review of the Factors Affecting Dichotic Listening 影响二分法听力的因素综述
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9111
Amir Majidpour, Mahshid Moheb Aleaba, Maryam Aghamolaei, A. Nazeri
Background and Aim: Dichotic listening (DL) test is a  non-invasive  method  used  to study hemispheric asymmetry, hemispheric dominance for language processing, or brain lateralization. In addition to the type, concurrence, and the intensity of stimuli presented to the ears, other factors exist that may have less effect on the DL test results. This review study aims to find these factors. Recent Findings: The factors that affects the DL included ear advantage, attention, working memory, gender, and top-down and bottom-up factors. These factors were reviewed and discussed in detail so that more precise test results can be obtained. Moreover, due to the significant effects of each factor on the test results, manipulation of these factors was also reviewed. Conclusion: According to the results of previous studies, ear advantage, attention, working memory, gender, and top-down and bottom-up factors play an important role in the interpretation of DL results; their negligence during the test can affect the outcomes and provide incorrect brain lateralization results. Keywords: Dichotic listening; ear advantage; top-down; bottom-up; working memory; attention
背景和目的:二分听力(DL)测试是一种非侵入性方法,用于研究半球不对称性、语言处理的半球优势或大脑偏侧化。除了呈现给耳朵的刺激的类型、并发性和强度之外,还存在其他因素,这些因素可能对DL测试结果的影响较小。本综述研究旨在找出这些因素。最近的研究结果:影响DL的因素包括耳朵优势、注意力、工作记忆、性别以及自上而下和自下而上的因素。对这些因素进行了详细的审查和讨论,以便获得更精确的测试结果。此外,由于每个因素对测试结果的显著影响,还对这些因素的操作进行了审查。结论:根据以往的研究结果,耳朵优势、注意力、工作记忆、性别以及自上而下和自下而上的因素在DL结果的解释中起着重要作用;他们在测试过程中的疏忽会影响结果,并提供错误的大脑侧化结果。关键词:二元听力;耳朵优势;自上而下;自下而上;工作记忆;注意
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Hearing Loss Diagnosed for the First Time in Primary School Children in Damascus, Syria 叙利亚大马士革小学生首次诊断听力损失的患病率
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9119
Rodaina Nawaf Mehrez
Background and Aim: Hearing loss is considered a main cause of speech-language delay and academic performance retardation. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of hearing loss diagnosed for the first time in primary school children. Methods: A cross-sectional study has involved 624, randomly chosen, primary school children. The children have undergone hearing screening using tympanometry, and pure tone audiometry screening in order to detect the children with undiagnosed hearing loss. Results: Six hundred and twenty-four children underwent tympanometry which showed that 481 children have type A Tympanogram, 39 have type C, 16 have type A in one ear and type C in the other, 78 have type B, and 10 of them have type B in one ear and type C in the other. Then all children underwent pure tone audiometry screening and this showed that 565 children have responded to 20 dB for all frequencies, 42 have not responded to 20 dB at any frequency, 27 of them are from those children with type B Tympanogram, 10 children have not responded to 20 dB for frequencies >2000 Hz, 7 of them have not responded to 20 dB at any frequency in one ear with normal responses in the other. Conclusion: School age hearing screening is an important procedure to detect hearing loss in children in order to manage hearing loss as early as possible and avoid its consequences. Keywords: Hearing loss; sensorineural hearing loss; otitis media with effusion; pure tone audiometry; tympanometry; screening
背景与目的:听力损失被认为是言语语言迟缓和学习成绩迟缓的主要原因。本研究旨在检测首次在小学儿童中诊断出的听力损失的患病率。方法:一项横断面研究涉及624名随机选择的小学生。这些儿童接受了鼓室镜检查和纯音听力检查,以发现未确诊的听力损失儿童。结果:624名儿童进行了鼓室测量,结果显示481名儿童有A型鼓室图,39名儿童有C型,16名儿童一耳A型,另一耳C型,78名儿童有B型,其中10名儿童一耳朵B型,另耳朵C型。然后,所有儿童都接受了纯音测听筛查,结果显示565名儿童对所有频率的20dB都有反应,42名儿童对任何频率的20db都没有反应,其中27名来自B型鼓室图儿童,10名儿童对频率>2000Hz的20dB没有反应,其中7只耳朵在任何频率下都没有对20dB的响应,而另一只耳朵的响应正常。结论:学龄期听力筛查是检测儿童听力损失的一项重要程序,可以尽早控制听力损失,避免其后果。关键词:听力损失;感音神经性听力损失;渗出性中耳炎;纯音测听;鼓室测量术;筛选
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引用次数: 0
Legal Protect of the Deaf in International Documents and the Iranian Legal System 国际文书对聋人的法律保护与伊朗法律制度
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9112
Afsaneh Ataee, Valiollah Noori, Zeinab Pourkhaghan
Background and Aim: This article seeks to examine rights of deaf and unable to hear individuals in international documents as well as domestic Iranian law. In this review, supports in the mentioned documents are discussed and the weaknesses, strengths, objections, and challenges in the laws are analyzed and examined. Lack of access to community facilities lead to marginalization of deaf people. Access to community facilities is an important factor that creates equal opportunities and realizes rights of deaf people. Recent Findings: Iran’s accession to the Treaty on the Rights of disabled people, the Global treaty on Cultural, Public, Economic as well as Children’s title, is one of salient points of these protection laws. By implementing Iran’s national and global commitments regarding titles of the deaf, it is concluded that Comprehensive Law and its executive regulations have been adopted several years before accession to the Contract on the Disability, but they cover most of concepts of the Contract on Education. Conclusion: Given the Senate and the convention, no significant legal action was taken and the program did not address deaf directly. The lack of an effective mechanism for laws protecting the disabled people right is an institutional as well as structural obstacle for realization of disabled people, especially deaf. Keywords: Disability; hard of hearing; human rights; international law; low hearing loss
背景与目的:本文旨在研究国际文件以及伊朗国内法律中聋人和听不到人的权利。在这篇综述中,讨论了上述文件中的支持,并分析和审查了法律中的弱点、优势、反对意见和挑战。缺乏使用社区设施的机会导致聋哑人被边缘化。使用社区设施是创造聋人平等机会、实现聋人权利的重要因素。最近的调查结果:伊朗加入了《残疾人权利条约》,即《关于文化、公共、经济和儿童权利的全球条约》,这是这些保护法律的亮点之一。通过执行伊朗关于聋人头衔的国家和全球承诺,得出的结论是,在加入《残疾合同》之前几年就通过了《综合法》及其执行条例,但它们涵盖了《教育合同》的大部分概念。结论:考虑到参议院和大会,没有采取重大的法律行动,该计划也没有直接针对聋人。缺乏有效的残疾人权利法律保障机制,是阻碍残疾人特别是聋人权利实现的体制性和结构性障碍。关键词:残疾;听力不好的;人权;国际法;低听力损失
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引用次数: 0
The Reliability and Equivalency of the Persian Version of Quick Speech-in-Noise Test in 7-12-Year-Old 7 ~ 12岁儿童波斯语版噪音语音快速测试的信度和等效性
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9115
Atefeh Abolhasani Zeraatkar, Farzaneh Fatahi, S. Farahani, S. Jalaie
Background and Aim: In a noisy environment, children struggle more than adults to understand speech. Various tests at different levels of cognition are available to evaluate children’s speech perception abilities in a noisy environment. The present study aimed at determining the reliability and equivalency of the Persian version of the quick speech-in-noise (P-Q-SIN) test in 7-12 years old school-aged children. Methods: A total of 120 (60 girls) students with normal hearing were chosen from primary schools in district 2 of Kerman City, Iran. They were in five age groups ranging from 7 to 12 years (24 children per age group). Pure tone audiometry test was performed on the samples, then nine lists of P-Q-SIN of previous studies (Khalili et al. and Shayanmehr et al.) were administered on these participants. To obtain the test-retest reliability, three weeks later, the re-test was performed. Results: In the test-retest reliability, lists 1 and 4 of Khalili et al. and list 2 of Shayanmehr et al. were highly correlated (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the scores of girls and boys (p>0.05). The participant’s performance improves as the age increases. Conclusion: None of the lists of Shayanmehr et al. was reliable and equivalent. List 1 and 4 of Khalili et al. were reliable and equivalent; therefore, they can be used in clinical application for children in the age range of 7 to 12 years by considering the norm of signal-to-noise ratio loss. Keywords: Children; equivalency; normal hearing; quick speech-in-noise test; reliability; signal to noise ratio loss
背景和目的:在嘈杂的环境中,儿童比成年人更难理解言语。不同认知水平的各种测试可用于评估儿童在嘈杂环境中的言语感知能力。本研究旨在确定7-12岁学龄儿童波斯语版噪声中快速语音(P-Q-SIN)测试的可靠性和等效性。方法:选择伊朗克尔曼市第二区小学听力正常的120名女生(60名)。他们分为5个年龄组,年龄从7岁到12岁不等(每个年龄组24名儿童)。对样本进行纯音测听测试,然后对这些参与者进行9份先前研究(Khalili等人和Shayanmehr等人)的P-Q-SIN列表。为了获得重新测试的可靠性,三周后进行了重新测试。结果:在重测信度中,Khalili等人的表1和表4与Shayanmehr等人的表2高度相关(p0.05)。参与者的表现随着年龄的增加而改善。结论:Shayanmehr等人的列表没有一个是可靠和等效的。Khalili等人的清单1和清单4是可靠和等效的;因此,考虑信噪比损失的常模,它们可以用于7-12岁儿童的临床应用。关键词:儿童;对等性;听力正常;快速语音噪声测试;可靠性信噪比损失
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Combined Bifrontal Transcranial Direct- Current Stimulation and Conflict Processing Training on Tinnitus: a Protocol for Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial 双额经颅直流电刺激和冲突处理训练对耳鸣的影响:一项单盲随机对照试验方案
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9120
M. Emadi, M. Akbari, A. Moossavi, S. Jalaie, Reyhane Toufan
Background and Aim: The deficit in cognitive functions and central executive function is one of the popular hypotheses on the underlying cause of tinnitus. These factors are not only the complications of tinnitus but are also involved in the generation of it. In this study, bifrontal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and conflict processing will be used in the form of auditory Stroop training to improve cognitive performance and inhibition control for tinnitus management. Methods: This study will be carried out on 34 chronic tinnitus patients. The initial evaluations include the tinnitus psychoacoustic evaluations, determination of the tinnitus handicap through tinnitus handicap inventory, and examining the annoyance and loudness of tinnitus through the visual analog scale after which the participants will be investigated in two groups. The first group will receive sessions of tDCS followed by six sessions of conflict processing training. The second group will first receive tDCS in the form of sham, to be followed by six sessions of auditory Stroop. The evaluations will be repeated after each intervention. Discussion: Studies have shown that successive sessions of conflict processing training can enhance cognitive plasticity and inhibition function. As conflict processing training has not been addressed as rehabilitation training in the people suffering from tinnitus, these processes will be designed in four tasks as rehabilitation exercises in Farsi language and applied along with tDCS to the people with chronic tinnitus to decrease and control tinnitus by improving cognitive and inhibition control. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20120215009014N366) on Sep 17th, 2020. Keywords: Tinnitus; conflict processing; Stroop training; inhibition
背景与目的:认知功能和中枢执行功能的缺陷是耳鸣的主要原因之一。这些因素不仅是耳鸣的并发症,而且还参与了耳鸣的产生。本研究将双额经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)和冲突处理以听觉Stroop训练的形式应用于耳鸣治疗中,以改善认知表现和抑制控制。方法:对34例慢性耳鸣患者进行研究。初步评估包括耳鸣心理声学评估,通过耳鸣障碍量表确定耳鸣障碍,并通过视觉模拟量表检查耳鸣的烦恼和响度,之后将参与者分为两组进行调查。第一组将接受tDCS课程,然后进行六次冲突处理培训。第二组将首先以假手术的形式接受tDCS,然后是六次听觉Stroop。评估将在每次干预后重复进行。讨论:研究表明,连续的冲突处理训练可以增强认知可塑性和抑制功能。由于冲突处理训练尚未作为耳鸣患者的康复训练,这些过程将被设计为四个任务,作为波斯语的康复练习,并与tDCS一起应用于慢性耳鸣患者,通过改善认知和抑制控制来减少和控制耳鸣。试验注册:伊朗临床试验注册中心(IRCT20120215009014N366)于2020年9月17日注册。关键词:耳鸣;冲突处理;斯特鲁培训;抑制
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引用次数: 0
Long-Term Effect of Caffeine Intake on Speech and Sound Perception in People with Normal Hearing 咖啡因摄入对听力正常人群言语和声音感知的长期影响
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9118
S. M. Taghavi, Ahmad Geshani, N. Rouhbakhsh, A. Pourbakht, H. Seraji
Background and Aim: Caffeine intake enhances concentration through affecting brain functions. It also improves attention to the signal which is believed to be associated with increased noise tolerance and improved speech perception. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of caffeine intake on simultaneous speech and sound perception in people with normal hearing. Methods: This double-blind study was conducted on 90 people aged 18-34 years (45 males and 45 females), randomly assigned to two intervention groups (receiving 3 and 5 mg/kg caffeine) and a control group (receiving placebo). The acceptable noise level (ANL) test was conducted before and five hours after intervention. Results: Comparison of ANL scores before and after intervention showed a significant difference in the 3 mg/kg caffeine group (p=0.002), but not in the placebo (p=0.497) and 5 mg/kg caffeine (p=0.146) groups. Between-group analysis showed a significant difference between the placebo and 3 mg/kg caffeine groups in the ANL five hours after (p=0.005), while the difference was not significant between the placebo and the 5 mg/kg caffeine groups (p=0.139). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the ANL between the 3 and 5 mg/ kg caffeine groups (p=0.148). Conclusion: Caffeine intake affects noise tolerance, depending on the dose of caffeine. The ANL and speech tolerance improve five hours after consuming 3 mg/kg of caffeine. Keywords: Caffeine; noise perception; normal hearing; acceptable noise level test
背景与目的:咖啡因摄入通过影响大脑功能来提高注意力。它还提高了对信号的注意力,这被认为与增强的噪音耐受性和改善的语音感知有关。这项研究旨在评估咖啡因摄入对听力正常的人同时说话和声音感知的长期影响。方法:对90名年龄在18-34岁之间的人(男45名,女45名)进行双盲研究,随机分为2个干预组(接受3和5 mg/kg咖啡因)和对照组(接受安慰剂)。在干预前和干预后5小时分别进行可接受噪声水平(ANL)测试。结果:干预前后ANL评分比较,3 mg/kg咖啡因组差异有统计学意义(p=0.002),安慰剂组差异无统计学意义(p=0.497), 5 mg/kg咖啡因组差异无统计学意义(p=0.146)。组间分析显示,在5小时后的ANL中,安慰剂组和3 mg/kg咖啡因组之间存在显著差异(p=0.005),而安慰剂组和5 mg/kg咖啡因组之间差异不显著(p=0.139)。此外,3和5 mg/ kg咖啡因组的ANL无显著差异(p=0.148)。结论:咖啡因摄入会影响噪声耐受性,这取决于咖啡因的剂量。在摄入3 mg/kg咖啡因5小时后,ANL和言语耐受能力得到改善。关键词:咖啡因;噪声感知;听力正常;可接受噪音水平测试
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Psychodrama on Communication Skills of Adolescents with Hearing Loss 心理剧对失聪青少年沟通技巧的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9113
Ali Nemati, F. Demehri, Mohsen Saeidmanesh
Background and Aim: Adolescents with hearing loss face many communication problems and challenges due to their hearing impairment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychodrama on communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest/posttest design using a control group. The study population consists of all adolescents with hearing loss aged 12–15 years studying at Naghme School for the Deaf in Yazd, Iran. A total of 24 adolescents were selected using a purposive sampling technique and were randomly assigned into groups of control (n=12) and intervention (n=12). The intervention group received psychodrama at nine sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no treatment. The Queendom Communication Skills Test (QCST) was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Psychodrama can improve communication skills of adolescents with hearing loss, which is verbal communication. Conclusion: The mean and standard deviation of the pretest QCST score was 78.75±9.4 for the intervention group. After the treatment, the QCST scores was 105.08±6.28 for the intervention group. The results of ANCOVA showed an improvement in Queendom Communication Skills Test scores of adolescents after intervention (p<0.001). Keywords: Hearing loss; communication skills; psychodrama
背景与目的:听力损失青少年由于听力障碍而面临许多沟通问题和挑战。本研究旨在探讨心理剧对失聪青少年沟通技巧的影响。方法:本研究为准实验研究,采用前测/后测设计,采用对照组。研究人群包括在伊朗亚兹德Naghme聋人学校学习的所有12-15岁的听力损失青少年。采用有目的抽样方法,选取24名青少年,随机分为对照组(n=12)和干预组(n=12)。干预组接受九次心理剧治疗,每次90分钟,而对照组不接受任何治疗。使用女王沟通技巧测试(QCST)收集数据。数据分析采用描述性和推断性统计。结果:心理剧能提高青少年听力损失患者的沟通能力,主要表现在言语沟通方面。结论:干预组前测QCST评分的均值和标准差为78.75±9.4。干预组治疗后QCST评分为105.08±6.28分。ANCOVA结果显示,干预后青少年的queen Communication Skills Test成绩有改善(p<0.001)。关键词:听力损失;沟通技巧;心理剧
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引用次数: 1
Comparing the Effect of Digital Noise Reduction Technique on Frequency Gain of Behind-the-Ear Digital Hearing Aids 数字降噪技术对耳后数字助听器频率增益影响的比较
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.18502/avr.v31i2.9117
M. Shiroei, N. Rahbar, S. Sameni
Background and Aim: Background noise as a serious challenge mainly affects the speech perception in people with hearing loss. One of the methods used to control noise is digital noise reduction (DNR) technique. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of DNR program (activated and deactivated) on the frequency gain of basic and advanced behind-the-ear (BTE) Oticon hearing aids, using different DNR strategies to reduce background noise. Methods: Two behind-the-ear Oticon hearing aids (Opn1 S105 and GetP) were used in this study. The Affinity 2.0 test box was first used to measure their DNR (off/on) gains using the national acoustic laboratories-non linear2 (NAL-NL2) and desired sensation level multi-stage [input/output] (DSLm[I/O]) formulas at sound pressure levels of 45, 65 and 85 dB SPL at a frequency range of 250-8000 Hz for three hearing loss (HL) patterns using the international speech test signal and broad band noise. Results: There was a significant difference in DNR performance between the Opn1 S105 and GetP models for all three HL patterns at 45 and 65 dB SPL and most frequencies. Conclusion: The DNR performance of advanced and basic hearing aids is different for different HLs at 45 and 65 dB SPL and most frequencies. The performance of advanced hearing aids is significant using the DSLm[I/O] formula at most frequencies. Keywords: Digital noise reduction; international speech test signal; frequency response; broad band noise
背景与目的:背景噪声作为一种严重的挑战,主要影响听力损失人群的语言感知。数字降噪(DNR)技术是控制噪声的一种方法。本研究旨在探讨DNR程序(激活和停用)对基本和高级耳后助听器(BTE)频率增益的影响,采用不同的DNR策略来降低背景噪声。方法:使用两种耳后助听器Opn1 S105和GetP。首先使用Affinity 2.0测试箱,使用国家声学实验室-非线性(NAL-NL2)和期望感觉级多级[输入/输出](DSLm[I/O])公式,在45、65和85 dB SPL的声压级下,使用国际语音测试信号和宽带噪声,测量三种听力损失(HL)模式的DNR(关/开)增益。频率范围为250-8000 Hz。结果:Opn1 S105和GetP模型在45和65 dB SPL和大多数频率下对所有三种HL模式的DNR性能都有显著差异。结论:高级助听器和基础助听器在45和65 dB声压级及大多数频率的不同声压级下的DNR性能不同。在大多数频率下使用DSLm[I/O]公式,高级助听器的性能是显著的。关键词:数字降噪;国际语音测试信号;频率响应;宽带噪声
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Auditory and Vestibular Research
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