Richard E. Eccleston, J. Verdouw, K. Flanagan, N. Warren, A. Duncan, R. Ong, S. Whelan, Kadir Atalay
This research is the final report of the AHURI Inquiry into ‘Pathways to Housing Tax Reform in Australia’. It features real-world modelling and implementation time frames to steer tax settings that progress the efficiency, equity and sustainability of housing tax policy, and also presents meaningful long-term political pathways to achieve these outcomes.
{"title":"Pathways to Housing Tax Reform","authors":"Richard E. Eccleston, J. Verdouw, K. Flanagan, N. Warren, A. Duncan, R. Ong, S. Whelan, Kadir Atalay","doi":"10.18408/AHURI-4111001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18408/AHURI-4111001","url":null,"abstract":"This research is the final report of the AHURI Inquiry into ‘Pathways to Housing Tax Reform in Australia’. It features real-world modelling and implementation time frames to steer tax settings that progress the efficiency, equity and sustainability of housing tax policy, and also presents meaningful long-term political pathways to achieve these outcomes.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114186783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Models of learning and experimentation based on two-armed Poisson bandits addressed several important aspects related to strategic and motivational learning, but they are not suitable to study effects that accumulate over time. We propose a new class of models of strategic experimentation which are almost as tractable as exponential models, but incorporate such realistic features as dependence of the expected rate of news arrival on the time elapsed since the start of an experiment. In these models, the experiment is stopped before news is realized whenever the rate of arrival of news reaches a critical level. This leads to longer experimentation times for experiments with possible breakthroughs than for equivalent experiments with failures. In experimentation models with multiple players, either no player stops before the first failure is observed, or all players stop simultaneously before the first failure. We also demonstrate a crowding out effect in models with profitable breakthroughs.
{"title":"Strategic Experimentation With Humped Bandits","authors":"S. Boyarchenko","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3174107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3174107","url":null,"abstract":"Models of learning and experimentation based on two-armed Poisson bandits addressed several important aspects related to strategic and motivational learning, but they are not suitable to study effects that accumulate over time. We propose a new class of models of strategic experimentation which are almost as tractable as exponential models, but incorporate such realistic features as dependence of the expected rate of news arrival on the time elapsed since the start of an experiment. In these models, the experiment is stopped before news is realized whenever the rate of arrival of news reaches a critical level. This leads to longer experimentation times for experiments with possible breakthroughs than for equivalent experiments with failures. In experimentation models with multiple players, either no player stops before the first failure is observed, or all players stop simultaneously before the first failure. We also demonstrate a crowding out effect in models with profitable breakthroughs.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127197378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Educational attainment is an important element in the formation of human capital. Although many developing countries have made strong efforts to expand the coverage of education services, children in poor households still struggle to attend school on a regular basis. Human development conditional cash transfers (known as CCTs) have emerged in response to this situation in developing countries. While the effects of the CCTs are well known and widely documented, their effects in relation to educational attainment and school participation are still unclear. This paper looks empirically into the continuous treatment effects of participation length in Familias en Accion, a CCT program in Colombia. The paper focuses on the continuous treatment effects on school registration and educational attainment of participants in the program. Although initial results show a fuzzy relationship between the program outcomes and the participation length, the empirical results confirm the fact that a longer exposure to the antipoverty program led to higher school registration rates, accumulation of years of education, and lower child labor participation levels.
{"title":"The Continuous Treatment Effect of an Antipoverty Program on Children's Educational Attainment: Colombia's Familias En Accion","authors":"J. M. Villa","doi":"10.1111/rode.12380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12380","url":null,"abstract":"Educational attainment is an important element in the formation of human capital. Although many developing countries have made strong efforts to expand the coverage of education services, children in poor households still struggle to attend school on a regular basis. Human development conditional cash transfers (known as CCTs) have emerged in response to this situation in developing countries. While the effects of the CCTs are well known and widely documented, their effects in relation to educational attainment and school participation are still unclear. This paper looks empirically into the continuous treatment effects of participation length in Familias en Accion, a CCT program in Colombia. The paper focuses on the continuous treatment effects on school registration and educational attainment of participants in the program. Although initial results show a fuzzy relationship between the program outcomes and the participation length, the empirical results confirm the fact that a longer exposure to the antipoverty program led to higher school registration rates, accumulation of years of education, and lower child labor participation levels.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121489907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, Europe has experienced an unprecedented influx of refugees. While natives’ attitudes toward refugees are decisive for the political feasibility of asylum policies, little is known about how these attitudes are shaped by refugees’ characteristics. We conducted survey experiments with more than 5,000 university students in Germany in which we exogenously shifted participants’ beliefs about refugees’ education level through information provision. Consistent with economic theory, we find that beliefs about refugees’ education significantly affect concerns about labor market competition. These concerns, however, do not translate into general attitudes because economic aspects are rather unimportant for forming attitudes toward refugees.
{"title":"Do Natives' Beliefs About Refugees' Education Level Affect Attitudes Toward Refugees? Evidence from a Randomized Survey Experiments","authors":"Philipp Lergetporer, Marc Piopiunik, Lisa Simon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3129985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3129985","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Europe has experienced an unprecedented influx of refugees. While natives’ attitudes toward refugees are decisive for the political feasibility of asylum policies, little is known about how these attitudes are shaped by refugees’ characteristics. We conducted survey experiments with more than 5,000 university students in Germany in which we exogenously shifted participants’ beliefs about refugees’ education level through information provision. Consistent with economic theory, we find that beliefs about refugees’ education significantly affect concerns about labor market competition. These concerns, however, do not translate into general attitudes because economic aspects are rather unimportant for forming attitudes toward refugees.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129676065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study, as an attempt, considered narrative as a good resource of advertising in the Nigerian environment. In other words, advertisers perceive narrative as a strategy that can stimulate consumers to patronize advertised goods and services. Four adverts of FBN®, MTN®, Orijin® and FIRS® have been chosen to propagate the course appeared on the frameworks. Beside the application of the Labovian schema on narrative, the Halliday’s transitivity system plays an analytical role by assigning semiotic slots to the textual devices. The study reveals that advertising copies a similar pattern of narrative in the society. Apart from the texts serving as relays to the images, the construction of the message is in the resolution sequential string. This provides an opportunity for advertisers to present to the public the gains and benefits of taking decision parallel to the messages of the adverts. Advertisers capitalize of the efforts of past leaders, the challenges of the present and the future of the children to sensitize the audience. The study concludes that narrative should be encouraged in advertising not only as a persuasive approach but also as a means of promoting Nigerian social heritage and treasures.
{"title":"Narrative in Advertising: Persuading the Nigerian Audience Within the Schemata of Storyline","authors":"T. Dalamu","doi":"10.1344/AFLM2017.7.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/AFLM2017.7.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study, as an attempt, considered narrative as a good resource of advertising in the Nigerian environment. In other words, advertisers perceive narrative as a strategy that can stimulate consumers to patronize advertised goods and services. Four adverts of FBN®, MTN®, Orijin® and FIRS® have been chosen to propagate the course appeared on the frameworks. Beside the application of the Labovian schema on narrative, the Halliday’s transitivity system plays an analytical role by assigning semiotic slots to the textual devices. The study reveals that advertising copies a similar pattern of narrative in the society. Apart from the texts serving as relays to the images, the construction of the message is in the resolution sequential string. This provides an opportunity for advertisers to present to the public the gains and benefits of taking decision parallel to the messages of the adverts. Advertisers capitalize of the efforts of past leaders, the challenges of the present and the future of the children to sensitize the audience. The study concludes that narrative should be encouraged in advertising not only as a persuasive approach but also as a means of promoting Nigerian social heritage and treasures.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125849470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study has attempts to understand the implication of GST on power sector in reference to India. The author found that there are some segments of power sector which has undoubtedly benefited but the other have not after implementation of GST. The thermal power has been benefited due to decrease in taxes on coal where as the costs of turbines, boiler and generator equipment have increased the cost of establishing a thermal power projects. Further the GST has a negatively impacted the wind energy due to the increase in capital cost, higher tax rates on wind turbine generator. The cost of electricity for distribution have been reduced which will help them in reducing losses which are persisting over many years. The author suggests that India should focus on the renewable sources of energy such as solar power, hydro and bio-gas instead of non-renewable sources of energy such as thermal. Due to depletion of fossil fuels, solar or hydro power will be the future of India energy. Therefore the government should also decrease the tax on turbines, solar panels etc which are used in establishing solar plants and hydro power.
{"title":"GST: Impact on Power Sector","authors":"S. Azhar, B. Ramesh","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3081119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3081119","url":null,"abstract":"The study has attempts to understand the implication of GST on power sector in reference to India. The author found that there are some segments of power sector which has undoubtedly benefited but the other have not after implementation of GST. The thermal power has been benefited due to decrease in taxes on coal where as the costs of turbines, boiler and generator equipment have increased the cost of establishing a thermal power projects. Further the GST has a negatively impacted the wind energy due to the increase in capital cost, higher tax rates on wind turbine generator. The cost of electricity for distribution have been reduced which will help them in reducing losses which are persisting over many years. The author suggests that India should focus on the renewable sources of energy such as solar power, hydro and bio-gas instead of non-renewable sources of energy such as thermal. Due to depletion of fossil fuels, solar or hydro power will be the future of India energy. Therefore the government should also decrease the tax on turbines, solar panels etc which are used in establishing solar plants and hydro power.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125592345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven Rowley, Amity James, P. Phibbs, R. van den Nouwelant, L. Troy
This project examined state government-led innovations in affordable housing through analysis of two state-level strategies and two state-level programs. The research shows effective strategies and programs rely on strong political leadership; adopt a whole-of-housing industry approach to consultation and implementation; communicate objectives effectively to all stakeholders; are resilient to changes of government; and are best run from a central agency with a flexible organisational structure that can respond quickly to opportunities.
{"title":"Government Led Innovations in Affordable Housing Delivery","authors":"Steven Rowley, Amity James, P. Phibbs, R. van den Nouwelant, L. Troy","doi":"10.18408/AHURI-8113101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18408/AHURI-8113101","url":null,"abstract":"This project examined state government-led innovations in affordable housing through analysis of two state-level strategies and two state-level programs. The research shows effective strategies and programs rely on strong political leadership; adopt a whole-of-housing industry approach to consultation and implementation; communicate objectives effectively to all stakeholders; are resilient to changes of government; and are best run from a central agency with a flexible organisational structure that can respond quickly to opportunities.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"409 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123563248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hengchen Dai, David Mao, K. Volpp, Heather Pearce, Michael J. Relish, Victor F. Lawnicki, Katherine L. Milkman
Expanding on evidence that interventions to improve health are more effective when informed by behavioral science, we explore whether reminders designed to harness behavioral science principles can improve medication adherence. We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 46,581 U.S. participants with commercial or Medicare Advantage insurance from Humana. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions. Participants in the usual care condition only received standard mailings that the insurer usually sends. In addition to the standard mailings, participants in the other three conditions also received (1) mailings that reminded them to take a target medication (basic reminder condition), (2) reminders that prompted them to predict their medication adherence in the next 30 days (prediction condition), or (3) reminders that prompted them to commit to a self-determined level of adherence for the next 30 days (commitment condition). We sent these mailings once a month for three months from November, 2014 through January, 2015, and tracked prescription refills. We find that, during the mailing period, reminders increased adherence by 0.95 percentage points (p < 0.05), and this effect was driven by the prediction and commitment conditions; during the three-month post-mailing period, reminders increased adherence by 0.98 percentage points (p < 0.05), and this effect was driven by the basic reminder and commitment conditions. The reminders increased medication adherence by 0.7 pills per dollar spent over our 181 day study period.
{"title":"The Effect of Interactive Reminders on Medication Adherence: A Randomized Trial","authors":"Hengchen Dai, David Mao, K. Volpp, Heather Pearce, Michael J. Relish, Victor F. Lawnicki, Katherine L. Milkman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3022695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3022695","url":null,"abstract":"Expanding on evidence that interventions to improve health are more effective when informed by behavioral science, we explore whether reminders designed to harness behavioral science principles can improve medication adherence. We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 46,581 U.S. participants with commercial or Medicare Advantage insurance from Humana. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions. Participants in the usual care condition only received standard mailings that the insurer usually sends. In addition to the standard mailings, participants in the other three conditions also received (1) mailings that reminded them to take a target medication (basic reminder condition), (2) reminders that prompted them to predict their medication adherence in the next 30 days (prediction condition), or (3) reminders that prompted them to commit to a self-determined level of adherence for the next 30 days (commitment condition). We sent these mailings once a month for three months from November, 2014 through January, 2015, and tracked prescription refills. We find that, during the mailing period, reminders increased adherence by 0.95 percentage points (p < 0.05), and this effect was driven by the prediction and commitment conditions; during the three-month post-mailing period, reminders increased adherence by 0.98 percentage points (p < 0.05), and this effect was driven by the basic reminder and commitment conditions. The reminders increased medication adherence by 0.7 pills per dollar spent over our 181 day study period.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125594131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Heckman, Margaret L. Holland, Kevin K. Makino, Rodrigo Pinto, Maria Rosales-Rueda
This paper evaluates a randomized controlled trial of the Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP) program conducted in Memphis, TN in 1990. NFP offers home visits conducted by nurses for disadvantaged first-time mothers during pregnancy and early childhood. We test NFP treatment effects using permutation-based inference that accounts for the NFP randomization protocol. Our methodology is valid for small samples and corrects for multiple-hypothesis testing. We also analyze the underlying mechanisms generating these treatment effects. We decompose NFP treatment effects into components associated with the intervention-enhanced parenting and early childhood skills. The NFP improves home investments, parenting attitudes and mental health for mothers of infants at age 2. At age 6, the NFP boosts cognitive skills for both genders and socio-emotional skills for females. These treatment effects are explained by program-induced improvements in maternal traits and early-life family investments. At age 12, the treatment effects for males (but not for females) persist in the form of enhanced achievement test scores. Treatment effects are largely explained by enhanced cognitive skills at age 6. Our evidence of pronounced gender differences in response to early childhood interventions contributes to a growing literature on this topic.
{"title":"An Analysis of the Memphis Nurse-Family Partnership Program","authors":"J. Heckman, Margaret L. Holland, Kevin K. Makino, Rodrigo Pinto, Maria Rosales-Rueda","doi":"10.3386/W23610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W23610","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates a randomized controlled trial of the Nurse-Family Partnership (NFP) program conducted in Memphis, TN in 1990. NFP offers home visits conducted by nurses for disadvantaged first-time mothers during pregnancy and early childhood. We test NFP treatment effects using permutation-based inference that accounts for the NFP randomization protocol. Our methodology is valid for small samples and corrects for multiple-hypothesis testing. We also analyze the underlying mechanisms generating these treatment effects. We decompose NFP treatment effects into components associated with the intervention-enhanced parenting and early childhood skills. The NFP improves home investments, parenting attitudes and mental health for mothers of infants at age 2. At age 6, the NFP boosts cognitive skills for both genders and socio-emotional skills for females. These treatment effects are explained by program-induced improvements in maternal traits and early-life family investments. At age 12, the treatment effects for males (but not for females) persist in the form of enhanced achievement test scores. Treatment effects are largely explained by enhanced cognitive skills at age 6. Our evidence of pronounced gender differences in response to early childhood interventions contributes to a growing literature on this topic.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125588576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ni Huang, Tianshu Sun, Peiyu Chen, Joseph M. Golden
E-commerce platforms can integrate with Facebook to let users directly comment on product pages using their Facebook accounts, a practice known as social media integration. Such integration can boost customer conversion by conveying credible information about product popularity and quality. However, due to the lack of control over the volume and content of user comments, social media integration might also hinder product sales. Given the potential risks and benefits, it is not clear whether an e-commerce platform should embrace social media integration on its website. In this study, we conduct a randomized field experiment in collaboration with a large e-commerce platform in the U.S. to examine the impact of social media integration (in the form of Facebook comment system) on users' shopping behaviors (e.g., adding a product to cart, placing an order). We find that, compared to those in the control group (who see the product page without Facebook comment system), customers in the treatment group (with Facebook comment system) on average have a significantly higher likelihood of adding product to cart (~6% increase) and placing an order (~10% increase). Furthermore, we find interesting heterogeneous treatment effects that align with social learning mechanism: the effect of the integrated Facebook comment system on customer conversion is positive when there are many comments, yet it is negative when there are few comments. Moreover, the positive effect of the integrated Facebook comment system on user conversion is stronger for new buyers than repeat customers. We further conduct difference-in-difference (DID) analysis and show that the Facebook comment system increases the overall demand for products in the experimental section of the platform. Our study contributes to the nascent research on the management of social media functions on online platforms and provides direct managerial implications to the practice.
{"title":"Social Media Integration and E-Commerce Platform Performance: A Randomized Field Experiment","authors":"Ni Huang, Tianshu Sun, Peiyu Chen, Joseph M. Golden","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2969670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2969670","url":null,"abstract":"E-commerce platforms can integrate with Facebook to let users directly comment on product pages using their Facebook accounts, a practice known as social media integration. Such integration can boost customer conversion by conveying credible information about product popularity and quality. However, due to the lack of control over the volume and content of user comments, social media integration might also hinder product sales. Given the potential risks and benefits, it is not clear whether an e-commerce platform should embrace social media integration on its website. In this study, we conduct a randomized field experiment in collaboration with a large e-commerce platform in the U.S. to examine the impact of social media integration (in the form of Facebook comment system) on users' shopping behaviors (e.g., adding a product to cart, placing an order). We find that, compared to those in the control group (who see the product page without Facebook comment system), customers in the treatment group (with Facebook comment system) on average have a significantly higher likelihood of adding product to cart (~6% increase) and placing an order (~10% increase). Furthermore, we find interesting heterogeneous treatment effects that align with social learning mechanism: the effect of the integrated Facebook comment system on customer conversion is positive when there are many comments, yet it is negative when there are few comments. Moreover, the positive effect of the integrated Facebook comment system on user conversion is stronger for new buyers than repeat customers. We further conduct difference-in-difference (DID) analysis and show that the Facebook comment system increases the overall demand for products in the experimental section of the platform. Our study contributes to the nascent research on the management of social media functions on online platforms and provides direct managerial implications to the practice.","PeriodicalId":341058,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Primary Taxonomy (Topic)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126137640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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