Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.6-8
Sadaf Ahmed
In any natural disaster, burdens of fear, insecurity, and stigmatization are ubiquitous and may act as hurdles to proper health interventions. Based on an understanding gleaned from a historical point of view of the psychosocial effect of past viral epidemics, the development and implementation of mental health assessment, support, treatment, and services are vital and persuasive aims for the health response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. COVID19 related Catastrophes vary in dimensions and scope but have affected single or multiple-family residences, districts, populations, regions, or the state as a whole. Virtual Mental health crisis intervention started helping communities mitigate the effects of the disaster and related loss by providing family, neighbourhood, and community preparedness and resilience.
{"title":"The chaos of healing: Risking mental healthamid COVID19 in Pakistan","authors":"Sadaf Ahmed","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.6-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.6-8","url":null,"abstract":"In any natural disaster, burdens of fear, insecurity, and stigmatization are ubiquitous and may act as hurdles to proper health interventions. Based on an understanding gleaned from a historical point of view of the psychosocial effect of past viral epidemics, the development and implementation of mental health assessment, support, treatment, and services are vital and persuasive aims for the health response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. COVID19 related Catastrophes vary in dimensions and scope but have affected single or multiple-family residences, districts, populations, regions, or the state as a whole. Virtual Mental health crisis intervention started helping communities mitigate the effects of the disaster and related loss by providing family, neighbourhood, and community preparedness and resilience.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48522216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.25-30
P. Shankar, Nikeeta Mandhan, S. M. Zaidi, Muhammad Saad Choudhry, Akshay Kumar
Background: Functional Dyspepsia is a globally prevalent illness, which although not life-threatening, displays a strong influence on the quality of life. Functional Dyspepsia is essentially chronic indigestion with no obvious physical cause. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of functional dyspepsia and its association with mental and physical stress. It could have the same significant association as Irritable Bowel Syndrome has with stress. Methodology: The data were collected from 221 students from 3 medical colleges of Karachi, Pakistan. Subjects were asked to fill out questionnaires concerning demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits. Rome III criteria was employed to identify functional dyspepsia and sub-sections of the Sadaf Stress Scale (SSS) was used to measure mental and physical stress. Results: Out of the 221 subjects majority were females (67.4%) with a mean age of 21.47 years. 34.8% of subjects were diagnosed to have functional dyspepsia, out of which around three quarters were females (68.5%). A moderate positive correlation was observed between functional dyspepsia and mental and physical stress. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study results that there is a high frequency of functional dyspepsia among individuals with mental and physical stress or functional dyspepsia might cause the stress.
{"title":"Relationship of functional dyspepsia with mental and physical stress","authors":"P. Shankar, Nikeeta Mandhan, S. M. Zaidi, Muhammad Saad Choudhry, Akshay Kumar","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.25-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.25-30","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Functional Dyspepsia is a globally prevalent illness, which although not life-threatening, displays a strong influence on the quality of life. Functional Dyspepsia is essentially chronic indigestion with no obvious physical cause. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of functional dyspepsia and its association with mental and physical stress. It could have the same significant association as Irritable Bowel Syndrome has with stress. Methodology: The data were collected from 221 students from 3 medical colleges of Karachi, Pakistan. Subjects were asked to fill out questionnaires concerning demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits. Rome III criteria was employed to identify functional dyspepsia and sub-sections of the Sadaf Stress Scale (SSS) was used to measure mental and physical stress. Results: Out of the 221 subjects majority were females (67.4%) with a mean age of 21.47 years. 34.8% of subjects were diagnosed to have functional dyspepsia, out of which around three quarters were females (68.5%). A moderate positive correlation was observed between functional dyspepsia and mental and physical stress. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study results that there is a high frequency of functional dyspepsia among individuals with mental and physical stress or functional dyspepsia might cause the stress.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43323564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.9-18
S. Khan, Y. Saleem, S. A. Aziz
Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by WHO as it is found to be excessively transmissible & to spread throughout the world. The disease has caused a worldwide impact because of the need to establish worldwide activity by extensive social distancing and quarantine due to the daily rising death toll. Through this study, we examined intend to examine the psychological effects, perceptual vulnerability, and perceived stress developed among the general population. Methodology: The study was conducted from 2nd March to 26th May 2020. A total of 2188 of subjects replied to our informal online survey internationally. The respondent's demographic details and data regarding precautionary measures, perceptual vulnerability, perceived stress, and level of susceptibility of COVID-19 was collected. The perceived stress scale (PSS-10) was used for assessment of perceived anxiety, stigmatization, and fear of developing COVID-19. Results: As per the study findings, moderate perceived stress was observed among 66.6% of the respondents. Among the protective measures, washing hands was most frequent 56.2%, but the use of face mask wasn't widespread, i.e. 48.9% rarely or never used face masks. 37.1% felt anxious around sick people, 58.5% were usually bothered by the people sneezing without covering their mouths. 32.3% occasionally felt agitated because of no control over the current situation & 18.6% frequently felt stressed and/or nervous. The contact history revealed that 11.2% had close contact, 20.9% had a non-close contact, and 12.9% were those who had suspected connection with a confirmed case. Conclusion: Evidently, COVID-19 has numerous psychological impacts, and the responses vary due to perceived vulnerability & stress. The social distancing, disease fear, and quarantine may have some negative effects which may have some lasting consequences on general population.
{"title":"Psychological Response & Perceived Risk Associated with Coronavirus Disease","authors":"S. Khan, Y. Saleem, S. A. Aziz","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.9-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v7.i1.2020.9-18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by WHO as it is found to be excessively transmissible & to spread throughout the world. The disease has caused a worldwide impact because of the need to establish worldwide activity by extensive social distancing and quarantine due to the daily rising death toll. Through this study, we examined intend to examine the psychological effects, perceptual vulnerability, and perceived stress developed among the general population. Methodology: The study was conducted from 2nd March to 26th May 2020. A total of 2188 of subjects replied to our informal online survey internationally. The respondent's demographic details and data regarding precautionary measures, perceptual vulnerability, perceived stress, and level of susceptibility of COVID-19 was collected. The perceived stress scale (PSS-10) was used for assessment of perceived anxiety, stigmatization, and fear of developing COVID-19. Results: As per the study findings, moderate perceived stress was observed among 66.6% of the respondents. Among the protective measures, washing hands was most frequent 56.2%, but the use of face mask wasn't widespread, i.e. 48.9% rarely or never used face masks. 37.1% felt anxious around sick people, 58.5% were usually bothered by the people sneezing without covering their mouths. 32.3% occasionally felt agitated because of no control over the current situation & 18.6% frequently felt stressed and/or nervous. The contact history revealed that 11.2% had close contact, 20.9% had a non-close contact, and 12.9% were those who had suspected connection with a confirmed case. Conclusion: Evidently, COVID-19 has numerous psychological impacts, and the responses vary due to perceived vulnerability & stress. The social distancing, disease fear, and quarantine may have some negative effects which may have some lasting consequences on general population.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48608352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-12DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.41-51
S. Noushad, Sadaf Ahmed
Background: The two constructs traumatic stress and Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) are distinct and the psychophysiological relationship is yet to be explained. It’s a long debate that the victims who survive through the traumatic event only perceive that their suffering has helped them in improving their lives after the event or the experience actually improved functioning. Objective: The purpose of designing this randomized control trial is to observe psychophysiological alterations associated with PTG in traumatic stress subjects. Methodology: This Multicenter study is planned to investigate the effectiveness of the guided disclosure protocol (GDP) for the promotion of PTG, in the traumatic stress subjects and to determine whether PTG is associated with psychophysiological alterations i.e. (C-Reactive Protein, Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor, Interlukin-6, Cortisol, Heart Rate Variability and brain waves). Study subjects meeting eligibility criteria will be randomized into two groups. GDP will be used as intervention vs the control. Blinded treatment will be provided and the subjects will be made to complete study questionnaires (Screening, Traumatic Stress Scale SSS, Trauma Symptom Checklist, Post-traumatic growth Inventory) at baseline and at post-intervention (3-months later). Discussion: This study might give us insight about the application and efficacy of GDP in a population that is seeking help and underrepresented to be clinical. Moreover, one of the more hopeful findings of this research will be significant information about trauma-related psychophysiological effects.
{"title":"Effects of the guided disclosure protocol on post-traumatic growth: A randomized control trial designed to observe psychophysiological alterations in traumatic stress subjects","authors":"S. Noushad, Sadaf Ahmed","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.41-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.41-51","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The two constructs traumatic stress and Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) are distinct and the psychophysiological relationship is yet to be explained. It’s a long debate that the victims who survive through the traumatic event only perceive that their suffering has helped them in improving their lives after the event or the experience actually improved functioning. Objective: The purpose of designing this randomized control trial is to observe psychophysiological alterations associated with PTG in traumatic stress subjects. Methodology: This Multicenter study is planned to investigate the effectiveness of the guided disclosure protocol (GDP) for the promotion of PTG, in the traumatic stress subjects and to determine whether PTG is associated with psychophysiological alterations i.e. (C-Reactive Protein, Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor, Interlukin-6, Cortisol, Heart Rate Variability and brain waves). Study subjects meeting eligibility criteria will be randomized into two groups. GDP will be used as intervention vs the control. Blinded treatment will be provided and the subjects will be made to complete study questionnaires (Screening, Traumatic Stress Scale SSS, Trauma Symptom Checklist, Post-traumatic growth Inventory) at baseline and at post-intervention (3-months later). Discussion: This study might give us insight about the application and efficacy of GDP in a population that is seeking help and underrepresented to be clinical. Moreover, one of the more hopeful findings of this research will be significant information about trauma-related psychophysiological effects.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45020760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-12DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.35-40
Sarfaraz Ahmed, Kiran Abdullah, Abdul Ghani
Background: Medical and Engineering educational programs are widespread and difficult, which frequently leads to anxiety. The basic objective of this study was to compare the anxiety levels among medical & engineering students. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out among students of different medical & engineering universities of Karachi from August 2018 to February 2019. A simple stratified sampling technique was used, 250 medical students and 150 engineering students including both genders participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio demographic profile, details on anxiety episodes, causes of anxiety, physical symptoms and ways to overcome anxiety was utilized in this study. Results: Findings showed that among 250 medical students 160(64%) had anxiety out of which 49% were moderate and 15% were in severe anxiety. On the other hand, 54 (36%) engineering students had anxiety. Social interactions (45%) and university/work (35%) were the prime cause of anxiety as indicated by study population. Conclusion: Significant differences were shown between medical and engineering students. Our study suggests that medical students experience more anxiety than engineering students.
{"title":"Comparison of Anxiety levels among Medical & Engineering Students","authors":"Sarfaraz Ahmed, Kiran Abdullah, Abdul Ghani","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.35-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.35-40","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical and Engineering educational programs are widespread and difficult, which frequently leads to anxiety. The basic objective of this study was to compare the anxiety levels among medical & engineering students. \u0000Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out among students of different medical & engineering universities of Karachi from August 2018 to February 2019. A simple stratified sampling technique was used, 250 medical students and 150 engineering students including both genders participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio demographic profile, details on anxiety episodes, causes of anxiety, physical symptoms and ways to overcome anxiety was utilized in this study. \u0000Results: Findings showed that among 250 medical students 160(64%) had anxiety out of which 49% were moderate and 15% were in severe anxiety. On the other hand, 54 (36%) engineering students had anxiety. Social interactions (45%) and university/work (35%) were the prime cause of anxiety as indicated by study population. \u0000Conclusion: Significant differences were shown between medical and engineering students. Our study suggests that medical students experience more anxiety than engineering students.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-12DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.1-7
Ujalla Anwar, A. Fazal, F. Mirza
Background: Music is beneficial for adults, it enhances psychological comfort, self-confidence, self-esteem, and lowers the symptoms of anxiety, pain and depression, relieving stress by improving life quality and thus providing satisfaction. It holds the capacity to initiate a multitude of cognitive processes in the brain. We aim to evaluate and compare the effects of music on reaction time, attention, working capacity of short-term memory and verbal fluency of male and female subjects. Methodology: An observational study was conducted on a sample of 300 subjects either males or females between the age groups of 19 to 30 years, affiliated with different universities and institutes. After inclusion, these subjects were divided into two groups, standard and experimental group with 150 subjects in each group. Ruler & Drop method test and Stroop test with or without music were used to test the reaction time (RT) and attention, respectively. Whereas, working capacity of short-term memory was tested using the George A. Miller rule of memory. And verbal fluency was evaluated using semantic verbal fluency (SVF) and phonological verbal fluency (PVF) tests. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Results: The comparative mean values between the groups for RT, attention, short-term memory and verbal fluency scores were greater among the subjects in the experimental group as the tests were performed in association with musical interference. Mean reaction time for both visual and tactile cues were significantly increased in the experimental group i.e. 0.151±0.034 (males) and 0.124 ±0.050 (females) for tactile cues and 0.150 ±0.042 (males) and 0.152 ±0.033 (females). Moreover, Stroop interference also increased in both genders while short-term memory score declined from high to average and verbal fluency was also compromised due to musical interference. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study results that music holds both positive and negative effects on brain activity. It imparts positive effect on both RT and attention but in case of the working capacity of short-term memory and verbal fluency, the effects are negative.
背景:音乐对成年人是有益的，它可以增强心理安慰、自信、自尊，降低焦虑、疼痛和抑郁的症状，通过提高生活质量来缓解压力，从而提供满足感。它拥有在大脑中启动大量认知过程的能力。我们的目的是评估和比较音乐对男性和女性受试者的反应时间、注意力、短期记忆工作能力和语言流畅性的影响。方法:对300名年龄在19至30岁之间的男性或女性进行了观察性研究，他们隶属于不同的大学和研究所。纳入后分为标准组和实验组两组，每组150人。采用标尺跌落法和Stroop法分别测定有音乐和无音乐时的反应时间和注意力。而短期记忆的工作容量则采用George A. Miller记忆规则进行测试。语言流畅性采用语义语言流畅性(SVF)和语音语言流畅性(PVF)测试。使用SPSS Version 22对数据进行分析。结果:实验组的RT、注意力、短期记忆和语言流畅性得分的比较平均值在与音乐干扰相关的测试中较高。实验组对视觉和触觉提示的平均反应时间分别为男性(0.151±0.034)和女性(0.124±0.050)，男性(0.150±0.042)和女性(0.152±0.033)。此外，Stroop干扰在两性中也有所增加，而短期记忆得分从高下降到平均水平，语言流畅性也因音乐干扰而受到损害。结论:从研究结果可以得出结论，音乐对大脑活动有积极和消极的影响。它对RT和注意力都有积极的影响，但对短期记忆和语言流畅性的工作能力有消极的影响。
{"title":"Impact of music on reaction time, attention, short term memory and verbal fluency: A gender-based study","authors":"Ujalla Anwar, A. Fazal, F. Mirza","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.1-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.1-7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Music is beneficial for adults, it enhances psychological comfort, self-confidence, self-esteem, and lowers the symptoms of anxiety, pain and depression, relieving stress by improving life quality and thus providing satisfaction. It holds the capacity to initiate a multitude of cognitive processes in the brain. We aim to evaluate and compare the effects of music on reaction time, attention, working capacity of short-term memory and verbal fluency of male and female subjects. \u0000Methodology: An observational study was conducted on a sample of 300 subjects either males or females between the age groups of 19 to 30 years, affiliated with different universities and institutes. After inclusion, these subjects were divided into two groups, standard and experimental group with 150 subjects in each group. Ruler & Drop method test and Stroop test with or without music were used to test the reaction time (RT) and attention, respectively. Whereas, working capacity of short-term memory was tested using the George A. Miller rule of memory. And verbal fluency was evaluated using semantic verbal fluency (SVF) and phonological verbal fluency (PVF) tests. The data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22. \u0000Results: The comparative mean values between the groups for RT, attention, short-term memory and verbal fluency scores were greater among the subjects in the experimental group as the tests were performed in association with musical interference. Mean reaction time for both visual and tactile cues were significantly increased in the experimental group i.e. 0.151±0.034 (males) and 0.124 ±0.050 (females) for tactile cues and 0.150 ±0.042 (males) and 0.152 ±0.033 (females). Moreover, Stroop interference also increased in both genders while short-term memory score declined from high to average and verbal fluency was also compromised due to musical interference. \u0000Conclusion: It is concluded from the study results that music holds both positive and negative effects on brain activity. It imparts positive effect on both RT and attention but in case of the working capacity of short-term memory and verbal fluency, the effects are negative.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42624840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-12DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.8-14
Uzma Firdous, N. Fatima, G. Yasmeen, L. Naz
Background: Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynecological problem affecting 60-70% of the adolescent menstruating females. It has been widely neglected but it known to affect the quality of life and is the major cause of absenteeism among adolescent females. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and impact of dysmenorrhea and the management strategies used by the students. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2015 at University of Karachi. A total of 350 female university students were randomly selected and dysmenorrhea was assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire. Data regarding demographic characteristics like age, physical measurements, dietary habits, family history, menstrual history, pattern of pain, pain intensity, stress and use of pharmacological agents used for coping was collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Results: A total of 350 female students were enrolled in the study, of which 300 reported having dysmenorrhea with high prevalence in follicular phase i.e. 36%. The pain characteristics were also recorded and cramping pain was reported by 20.6% of students followed by stabbing (18.6%) and abdominal distention (9.3%). Among the major associated systemic complaints with dysmenorrhea were headache (54.7%), nausea (50%), LBP (50%) and bloating (43.3%). Majority of females preferred medication for pain relief, ibuprofen was the drug of choice (14%) followed by paracetamol (12%). Among non-pharmacological approaches, relaxing therapy was ideal according to 18.6% of students. Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent cause of distress among the female students, although the condition is prevalent it is considered as a general complaint and mostly neglected. This menstrual complication is coupled with various symptoms that affect daily activities and quality of life.
背景：月经异常是一种常见的妇科问题，影响60-70%的青春期月经女性。它被广泛忽视，但众所周知，它会影响生活质量，是青少年女性缺勤的主要原因。本研究旨在评估痛经的患病率和影响，以及学生使用的管理策略。方法：这项横断面研究于2015年3月至12月在卡拉奇大学进行。共有350名女大学生被随机选择，并使用自我管理问卷对痛经进行评估。收集有关人口统计学特征的数据，如年龄、身体测量、饮食习惯、家族史、月经史、疼痛模式、疼痛强度、压力和用于应对的药物的使用，并使用SPSS Version 20进行统计分析。结果：共有350名女生参加了这项研究，其中300人报告患有痛经，卵泡期痛经的患病率很高，即36%。还记录了疼痛特征，20.6%的学生报告了痉挛性疼痛，其次是刺伤（18.6%）和腹胀（9.3%）。痛经的主要相关全身症状是头痛（54.7%）、恶心（50%）、LBP（50%）和肿胀（43.3%）。大多数女性更喜欢止痛药物，布洛芬是首选药物（14%），其次是扑热息痛（12%）。在非药理学方法中，18.6%的学生认为放松疗法是理想的。结论：痛经是女学生痛苦的主要原因，尽管这种情况很普遍，但它被认为是一种普遍的抱怨，大多被忽视。这种月经并发症伴随着各种影响日常活动和生活质量的症状。
{"title":"Prevalence of dysmenorrhic pain among students; Its impact and management","authors":"Uzma Firdous, N. Fatima, G. Yasmeen, L. Naz","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.8-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.8-14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynecological problem affecting 60-70% of the adolescent menstruating females. It has been widely neglected but it known to affect the quality of life and is the major cause of absenteeism among adolescent females. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and impact of dysmenorrhea and the management strategies used by the students. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2015 at University of Karachi. A total of 350 female university students were randomly selected and dysmenorrhea was assessed using a self-administrated questionnaire. Data regarding demographic characteristics like age, physical measurements, dietary habits, family history, menstrual history, pattern of pain, pain intensity, stress and use of pharmacological agents used for coping was collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS Version 20. \u0000Results: A total of 350 female students were enrolled in the study, of which 300 reported having dysmenorrhea with high prevalence in follicular phase i.e. 36%. The pain characteristics were also recorded and cramping pain was reported by 20.6% of students followed by stabbing (18.6%) and abdominal distention (9.3%). Among the major associated systemic complaints with dysmenorrhea were headache (54.7%), nausea (50%), LBP (50%) and bloating (43.3%). Majority of females preferred medication for pain relief, ibuprofen was the drug of choice (14%) followed by paracetamol (12%). Among non-pharmacological approaches, relaxing therapy was ideal according to 18.6% of students. \u0000Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent cause of distress among the female students, although the condition is prevalent it is considered as a general complaint and mostly neglected. This menstrual complication is coupled with various symptoms that affect daily activities and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49464673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The prevalence and severity of mental health issues among the healthcare professionals (HPs) has escalated during the past few years. Depression, anxiety and stress are common complaints among the HP’s, having a profound impact on their personal and professional life. The purpose of this study was to assess the severity level of depression, anxiety and stress among HPs at tertiary care hospitals of Karachi. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2019 at three tertiary care teaching hospitals of Karachi including Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (JPMC), National Institute of Child Health (NICH) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD). Total 260 HPs (doctors, nurses, physiotherapist, pharmacist, laboratory technician and nursing technicians) were selected through convenience sampling method. In addition to the demographic details, the prevalence and severity score of depression, anxiety and stress was assessed using depression, anxiety and stress scale 42 (DASS 42). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: Among 260 HP’s, 48.5% were males and 51.5% were females, moderate depression was found in 33(12.7%) HP’s, 2 8(10.8%) had severe depression while 6(2.3%) were suffering from extremely severe depression. Anxiety levels were moderate in 67(25.8%), 32(12.3%) and 21(8.1%) reported severe and very severe anxiety respectively. Moreover, stress levels were moderate among 45(17.3%) HP’s, while severe and very severe levels were observed among 13(5%) and 7(2.7%) responders respectively. There was no association in between the sociodemographic characteristics and depression, anxiety and stress (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that most of the HP’s were suffering from mild to moderate depression, anxiety and stress. Further research is required to explore the possible contributing factors and methods for eradication of this health issue.
背景:在过去的几年中，卫生保健专业人员(hp)中心理健康问题的患病率和严重程度已经升级。抑郁、焦虑和压力是惠普的常见抱怨，对他们的个人和职业生活产生了深远的影响。本研究的目的是评估卡拉奇三级医院保健医生的抑郁、焦虑和压力的严重程度。方法:2019年5月至7月在卡拉奇的三家三级医疗教学医院进行了一项横断面研究，包括真纳研究生医学中心(JPMC)、国家儿童健康研究所(NICH)和国家心血管疾病研究所(NICVD)。采用方便抽样法，抽取医生、护士、物理治疗师、药师、检验员、护理技师共260名。除人口统计细节外，还使用抑郁、焦虑和压力量表42 (DASS 42)评估抑郁、焦虑和压力的患病率和严重程度评分。收集的数据使用SPSS version 23进行分析。结果:260例HP患者中，男性占48.5%，女性占51.5%，其中中度抑郁33例(12.7%)，重度抑郁28例(10.8%)，极重度抑郁6例(2.3%)。重度和极重度焦虑症患者分别为67例(25.8%)、32例(12.3%)和21例(8.1%)。此外，45名(17.3%)HP患者的应激水平为中度，13名(5%)和7名(2.7%)应答者的应激水平分别为重度和极重度。社会人口学特征与抑郁、焦虑和压力之间无相关性(p < 0.05)。结论:多数HP患者存在轻至中度抑郁、焦虑和压力。需要进一步研究，以探索可能的促成因素和根除这一健康问题的方法。
{"title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals at tertiary care hospitals, Karachi – Pakistan","authors":"Yameema Ayub, Raheel Anjum, Shabana Margrat, Azeem Ashraf, Saira Qayyum","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.23-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.23-29","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence and severity of mental health issues among the healthcare professionals (HPs) has escalated during the past few years. Depression, anxiety and stress are common complaints among the HP’s, having a profound impact on their personal and professional life. The purpose of this study was to assess the severity level of depression, anxiety and stress among HPs at tertiary care hospitals of Karachi. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2019 at three tertiary care teaching hospitals of Karachi including Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (JPMC), National Institute of Child Health (NICH) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD). Total 260 HPs (doctors, nurses, physiotherapist, pharmacist, laboratory technician and nursing technicians) were selected through convenience sampling method. In addition to the demographic details, the prevalence and severity score of depression, anxiety and stress was assessed using depression, anxiety and stress scale 42 (DASS 42). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: Among 260 HP’s, 48.5% were males and 51.5% were females, moderate depression was found in 33(12.7%) HP’s, 2 8(10.8%) had severe depression while 6(2.3%) were suffering from extremely severe depression. Anxiety levels were moderate in 67(25.8%), 32(12.3%) and 21(8.1%) reported severe and very severe anxiety respectively. Moreover, stress levels were moderate among 45(17.3%) HP’s, while severe and very severe levels were observed among 13(5%) and 7(2.7%) responders respectively. There was no association in between the sociodemographic characteristics and depression, anxiety and stress (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that most of the HP’s were suffering from mild to moderate depression, anxiety and stress. Further research is required to explore the possible contributing factors and methods for eradication of this health issue.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43129163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-12DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.15-22
Sonya Arshad, Muhammad Faisal Qureshi, Muhammad Ali, Komal Piryani, Komal Shafqat, Madiha Mateen, Mahnoor Waheed, Mahnoor Rohaila, M. Amin
Background: Globally around 60 million people are suffering from Computer vision syndrome (CVS). A well-known eye and vision-related problem resulting from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use. Viewing a digital screen often increases the visual load therefore the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of CVS among students. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st September 2018 to 31st May 2019 on a sample of 320 students from diverse physiotherapy institutes of Karachi. Participants of both genders between the age of 18-24 years were included in the study. Data regarding demographics, CVS assessment, associated symptoms, intensity of symptoms and daily vision routine was recorded. CVS was assessed using a standardized CVS questionnaire (CVS-Q) and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: A total of 320 physiotherapy students with a mean age of 21.04+0.8 years were enrolled in the study, majority of them were females 245(76.6%). Out of these, 186 students were diagnosed with CVS as they scored ≥6 on Segui and Colleagues CVS questionnaire with headache being the most prevalent symptom (63.1%) followed by itching (52.8%), increased sensitivity to light (43.6%), eye pain (42.6%) and feeling of foreign body (39.5%). Among the activities involved in daily vision routine, optical use and sitting posture were significantly associated with CVS. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study results that CVS is highly prevalent among physiotherapy students, one of the reasons for this might be the increased digital screens usage for academic purpose and clinical decision making.
{"title":"Computer vision syndrome: prevalence and predictors among students","authors":"Sonya Arshad, Muhammad Faisal Qureshi, Muhammad Ali, Komal Piryani, Komal Shafqat, Madiha Mateen, Mahnoor Waheed, Mahnoor Rohaila, M. Amin","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.15-22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally around 60 million people are suffering from Computer vision syndrome (CVS). A well-known eye and vision-related problem resulting from prolonged computer, tablet, e-reader and cell phone use. Viewing a digital screen often increases the visual load therefore the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of CVS among students. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st September 2018 to 31st May 2019 on a sample of 320 students from diverse physiotherapy institutes of Karachi. Participants of both genders between the age of 18-24 years were included in the study. Data regarding demographics, CVS assessment, associated symptoms, intensity of symptoms and daily vision routine was recorded. CVS was assessed using a standardized CVS questionnaire (CVS-Q) and analyzed using SPSS version 21. \u0000Results: A total of 320 physiotherapy students with a mean age of 21.04+0.8 years were enrolled in the study, majority of them were females 245(76.6%). Out of these, 186 students were diagnosed with CVS as they scored ≥6 on Segui and Colleagues CVS questionnaire with headache being the most prevalent symptom (63.1%) followed by itching (52.8%), increased sensitivity to light (43.6%), eye pain (42.6%) and feeling of foreign body (39.5%). Among the activities involved in daily vision routine, optical use and sitting posture were significantly associated with CVS. \u0000Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study results that CVS is highly prevalent among physiotherapy students, one of the reasons for this might be the increased digital screens usage for academic purpose and clinical decision making.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41453066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-12DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.30-34
Farhat Minhas, M. Mujtaba, Sohail Jamil, Unaiza Javed, M. Rabbani, I. Minhas
Background: Research indicates that medical students are exposed to higher stress levels due to extensive academic programs. In order to control this public health issue, it is important to understand the significance and impact of stress on the personal as well as professional life of the medical school students. To compare the perceived medical school stress among freshman and graduate year students of Medical School. Methodology: This cross-sectional – comparative analysis, was conducted on a sample of 200 medical students from three different private medical colleges at Lahore. No gender or age-related bias was observed and the initial sample (chosen via simple random sampling). Basic biodata, sociodemographic details and score of the Perceived Medical School Stress (PMSS) were recorded using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS v.21 & Microsoft Excel 2017. Results: Among, the 200 students chosen to be a part of the study, 100 were freshman (i.e. were first year students) with a mean age of 19 ± 0.5 years and 100 were graduate year senior students (i.e. were final year students) with a mean age of 22.9 ± 0.8 years. 29.5% of the sample comprised of males while the remaining 70.5% were females. The mean difference between the two groups of students in the PMSS academic domain was just - 0.59 (p = 0.587) and the mean difference in the psychosocial domain was 0.54 (p = 0.788). The mean difference in the total PMSS score was 0.05 (p = 0.999). Conclusion: After careful consideration, it is concluded that the mean perceived medical school stress among medical students does not differ much between freshman and graduate year students. However, despite not being much diverse in both groups was the mean scores those are higher than what may be considered healthy for medical students. Thus factors, other than increasing educational years and the resultant increase in the difficulty of the course may be explored.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of perceived medical school stress among freshman & graduate year senior students","authors":"Farhat Minhas, M. Mujtaba, Sohail Jamil, Unaiza Javed, M. Rabbani, I. Minhas","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.30-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v6.i1.2019.30-34","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research indicates that medical students are exposed to higher stress levels due to extensive academic programs. In order to control this public health issue, it is important to understand the significance and impact of stress on the personal as well as professional life of the medical school students. To compare the perceived medical school stress among freshman and graduate year students of Medical School. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional – comparative analysis, was conducted on a sample of 200 medical students from three different private medical colleges at Lahore. No gender or age-related bias was observed and the initial sample (chosen via simple random sampling). Basic biodata, sociodemographic details and score of the Perceived Medical School Stress (PMSS) were recorded using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS v.21 & Microsoft Excel 2017. \u0000Results: Among, the 200 students chosen to be a part of the study, 100 were freshman (i.e. were first year students) with a mean age of 19 ± 0.5 years and 100 were graduate year senior students (i.e. were final year students) with a mean age of 22.9 ± 0.8 years. 29.5% of the sample comprised of males while the remaining 70.5% were females. The mean difference between the two groups of students in the PMSS academic domain was just - 0.59 (p = 0.587) and the mean difference in the psychosocial domain was 0.54 (p = 0.788). The mean difference in the total PMSS score was 0.05 (p = 0.999). \u0000Conclusion: After careful consideration, it is concluded that the mean perceived medical school stress among medical students does not differ much between freshman and graduate year students. However, despite not being much diverse in both groups was the mean scores those are higher than what may be considered healthy for medical students. Thus factors, other than increasing educational years and the resultant increase in the difficulty of the course may be explored.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43245131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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