Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.56-63
Ujala Sajid, S. Noushad, Sadaf Ahmed
Background: It is evident that anxiety and stress are two of the main predominant issues that cause several mental health problems and disorders in university students, causing a negative impact on this population. Higher educational institutes in Pakistan have limited access and resources to face these issues. It is suggested that biofeedback-aided relaxation training has been effective in alleviating anxiety and stress symptoms among undergraduate students, especially during their examination season. Recent research has proven biofeedback to be effective training for anxious students. The current randomized control trial is planned to investigate the effectiveness of Electromyography-EMG, Respiration Rate-RESP, and Skin Temperature-TEMP biofeedback training for reducing anxiety symptoms among nursing students be receiving 8 sessions for 4 weeks. Methodology: This study is planned to investigate the effectiveness of EMG, RESP, and TEMP Biofeedback Training in reducing symptoms of anxiety among the nursing students from one school, and to determine whether biofeedback training is associated with relaxing the minds and bodies of the anxious nursing students to cope with the distressing situation. Study subjects meeting the eligibility criteria will be randomized into two groups using randomly generated numbers: the Biofeedback training group and the Control group. Biofeedback training will be used as an intervention vs. the control. All the study subjects who give consent to participate will be made to complete the study questionnaires (Demographic, Screening for Anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory –STAI) at baseline and post-intervention (after 4 weeks). Discussion: This study might help us determine biofeedback as a possible effective and useful technique in helping nursing students manage their anxiety. Moreover, it is suggested that Individuals receiving biofeedback training tend to show significant changes for the three psychophysiological modalities, i.e., EMG, RESP, and TEMP. This study might also give us insight into the efficacy of biofeedback in the Pakistani population seeking help for stress and anxiety.
{"title":"Effect of EMG, RESP, and TEMP Biofeedback Training to reduce Anxiety among Undergraduate Students","authors":"Ujala Sajid, S. Noushad, Sadaf Ahmed","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.56-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.56-63","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is evident that anxiety and stress are two of the main predominant issues that cause several mental health problems and disorders in university students, causing a negative impact on this population. Higher educational institutes in Pakistan have limited access and resources to face these issues. It is suggested that biofeedback-aided relaxation training has been effective in alleviating anxiety and stress symptoms among undergraduate students, especially during their examination season. Recent research has proven biofeedback to be effective training for anxious students. The current randomized control trial is planned to investigate the effectiveness of Electromyography-EMG, Respiration Rate-RESP, and Skin Temperature-TEMP biofeedback training for reducing anxiety symptoms among nursing students be receiving 8 sessions for 4 weeks. \u0000Methodology: This study is planned to investigate the effectiveness of EMG, RESP, and TEMP Biofeedback Training in reducing symptoms of anxiety among the nursing students from one school, and to determine whether biofeedback training is associated with relaxing the minds and bodies of the anxious nursing students to cope with the distressing situation. Study subjects meeting the eligibility criteria will be randomized into two groups using randomly generated numbers: the Biofeedback training group and the Control group. Biofeedback training will be used as an intervention vs. the control. All the study subjects who give consent to participate will be made to complete the study questionnaires (Demographic, Screening for Anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory –STAI) at baseline and post-intervention (after 4 weeks). \u0000Discussion: This study might help us determine biofeedback as a possible effective and useful technique in helping nursing students manage their anxiety. Moreover, it is suggested that Individuals receiving biofeedback training tend to show significant changes for the three psychophysiological modalities, i.e., EMG, RESP, and TEMP. This study might also give us insight into the efficacy of biofeedback in the Pakistani population seeking help for stress and anxiety.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47057316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.06-16
T. Rizwan, Rabbiya Khan, F. Imtiaz, S. Siddiqui, M. A. Hussain, Farhia Khalid
Background: Changes in lifestyles such as lack of exercises and sleep can have negative effects on the body weight. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the association of the pattern of sleep, exercise, and diets with the body mass index (BMI) of medical students. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study that incorporates self-developed questionnaires. Participants are medical university students (250) living in Karachi, Pakistan. Correlation and Pearson’s chi-square test for independence was applied to observe the association between BMI, sleep patterns, exercise and eating habits. Results: The age of the students were between 19-25 years. The data show a significantly higher number of students (70.6%) with low BMI. Significantly high numbers of students have disturbed sleep (47.4%) during the nights and an increased number of students feel irritated (78.7%) about their sleeping pattern. Because of this, students (61.1%) experienced difficulties at work. Moreover, it was found that only 67 students are doing exercise while 154 students are not doing any exercises. However, they are taking enough 5-6 (47.1%) or 6-8 hours (29.9%) sleep. The majority of the students do not smoke (96.8%), or eat big meals before bed (62%) or consume junk foods (68.8%) on a daily basis. Nevertheless, most of them felt tired (61.1%) but not sleepy (57%) before going to bed. The majority of the students (81.4%) have problems waking up in the morning. Conclusion: A Significant correlation was found between BMI and sleep duration. Irregular sleeping pattern and lack of physical activities are accumulating factors for students to be underweight. Sleep disturbances affected their focus on the academic studies. Therefore, it is strongly recommended for students to participate in physical activities.
{"title":"Sleep disturbances and lack of exercise: accumulating factors for altered BMI in medical students of public sector universities","authors":"T. Rizwan, Rabbiya Khan, F. Imtiaz, S. Siddiqui, M. A. Hussain, Farhia Khalid","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.06-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.06-16","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Changes in lifestyles such as lack of exercises and sleep can have negative effects on the body weight. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the association of the pattern of sleep, exercise, and diets with the body mass index (BMI) of medical students. \u0000Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study that incorporates self-developed questionnaires. Participants are medical university students (250) living in Karachi, Pakistan. Correlation and Pearson’s chi-square test for independence was applied to observe the association between BMI, sleep patterns, exercise and eating habits. \u0000Results: The age of the students were between 19-25 years. The data show a significantly higher number of students (70.6%) with low BMI. Significantly high numbers of students have disturbed sleep (47.4%) during the nights and an increased number of students feel irritated (78.7%) about their sleeping pattern. Because of this, students (61.1%) experienced difficulties at work. Moreover, it was found that only 67 students are doing exercise while 154 students are not doing any exercises. However, they are taking enough 5-6 (47.1%) or 6-8 hours (29.9%) sleep. The majority of the students do not smoke (96.8%), or eat big meals before bed (62%) or consume junk foods (68.8%) on a daily basis. Nevertheless, most of them felt tired (61.1%) but not sleepy (57%) before going to bed. The majority of the students (81.4%) have problems waking up in the morning. \u0000Conclusion: A Significant correlation was found between BMI and sleep duration. Irregular sleeping pattern and lack of physical activities are accumulating factors for students to be underweight. Sleep disturbances affected their focus on the academic studies. Therefore, it is strongly recommended for students to participate in physical activities.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44036488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.28-38
Afshan Arzoo, S. Ali
Background: In Pakistan, Health care professionals already suffer a lot mentally due to work burden and health risks, COVID-19 added more stress to the situation. This study aims to evaluate stress, anxiety, and depression with job satisfaction in health care professionals treating COVID-19 Patients. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among health care professionals, working at COVID-19 hospitals (private and public sector hospitals both). Data was collected from special units like isolation wards, and intensive care units. The study questionnaire consists of a socio-demographic section followed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for measuring stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD). Moreover, War Cook Wall (1979) job satisfaction questionnaire was also used. Results: Study data reveals moderate to severe levels of anxiety (21.7% to 22.5%) and depression (22.5%, 13.3%) among healthcare providers. An association between age, marital status, organization, and occupation with depression at a p-value < 0.05 was noticed. A moderate degree of job satisfaction is found in overall job satisfaction. The majority of participants showed dissatisfaction in terms of income. Overall average level of satisfaction was found in rest of the items of WCW questionnaire. Conclusion: The study disclosed that the majority of healthcare professionals were found to have stress, anxiety, and depression.
{"title":"Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression, and job dissatisfaction in health care professional dealing with covid-19 patients","authors":"Afshan Arzoo, S. Ali","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.28-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v9.i1.2022.28-38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Pakistan, Health care professionals already suffer a lot mentally due to work burden and health risks, COVID-19 added more stress to the situation. This study aims to evaluate stress, anxiety, and depression with job satisfaction in health care professionals treating COVID-19 Patients. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among health care professionals, working at COVID-19 hospitals (private and public sector hospitals both). Data was collected from special units like isolation wards, and intensive care units. The study questionnaire consists of a socio-demographic section followed by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) for measuring stress, anxiety, and depression (SAD). Moreover, War Cook Wall (1979) job satisfaction questionnaire was also used. \u0000Results: Study data reveals moderate to severe levels of anxiety (21.7% to 22.5%) and depression (22.5%, 13.3%) among healthcare providers. An association between age, marital status, organization, and occupation with depression at a p-value < 0.05 was noticed. A moderate degree of job satisfaction is found in overall job satisfaction. The majority of participants showed dissatisfaction in terms of income. Overall average level of satisfaction was found in rest of the items of WCW questionnaire. \u0000Conclusion: The study disclosed that the majority of healthcare professionals were found to have stress, anxiety, and depression.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47860245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.107-111
Samina Malik, Maheen Mirza, Fayyaz Ahmad, Arif Malik
Background: Hypnosis is being used in combination with different forms of psychotherapy nowadays, such as neuro-linguistic programming, to work as a complementary treatment. This pairing allows for more targeted and patient-specific approaches to treat psychological disorders, phobias, and pain. An example is our previous study, in which hypnosis was used to treat tobacco-pan addiction. Following a similar model in this case study, we investigate the effectiveness of hypnosis and neuro-linguistic programming as treatments for anxiety and phobias. Case Presentation: We discuss a case of a 20-year-old boy with severe anxiety and social phobia who was already taking antipsychotic drugs and antidepressants, but they did not aid in treating his condition. He was then treated with hypnotherapy and neuro-linguistic programming to address the rooted triggers for his phobia. A thorough three-hour session revealed the details of each traumatic event. Each incident was isolated and changed in the patient's subconscious mind while he was hypnotized to remove that incident's role as a trigger. Management & Results: The patient reported approximately seventy percent recovery immediately after the first session in terms of rebuilding his confidence. The recovery was measured on DASS-21 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The severity of his phobia was significantly controlled in a short-span of time, with almost no episode after the first hypnosis and NLP session. Conclusion: Hypnotherapy and neurolinguistic programming is an effective treatment for anxiety disorder and social phobia. It is also time-efficient and produces better results than other forms of treatment without accompanying side effects.
{"title":"Treatment of severe anxiety and social phobia by hypnosis and neurolinguistic programming- A Case Report","authors":"Samina Malik, Maheen Mirza, Fayyaz Ahmad, Arif Malik","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.107-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.107-111","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypnosis is being used in combination with different forms of psychotherapy nowadays, such as neuro-linguistic programming, to work as a complementary treatment. This pairing allows for more targeted and patient-specific approaches to treat psychological disorders, phobias, and pain. An example is our previous study, in which hypnosis was used to treat tobacco-pan addiction. Following a similar model in this case study, we investigate the effectiveness of hypnosis and neuro-linguistic programming as treatments for anxiety and phobias. \u0000Case Presentation: We discuss a case of a 20-year-old boy with severe anxiety and social phobia who was already taking antipsychotic drugs and antidepressants, but they did not aid in treating his condition. He was then treated with hypnotherapy and neuro-linguistic programming to address the rooted triggers for his phobia. A thorough three-hour session revealed the details of each traumatic event. Each incident was isolated and changed in the patient's subconscious mind while he was hypnotized to remove that incident's role as a trigger. \u0000Management & Results: The patient reported approximately seventy percent recovery immediately after the first session in terms of rebuilding his confidence. The recovery was measured on DASS-21 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The severity of his phobia was significantly controlled in a short-span of time, with almost no episode after the first hypnosis and NLP session. \u0000Conclusion: Hypnotherapy and neurolinguistic programming is an effective treatment for anxiety disorder and social phobia. It is also time-efficient and produces better results than other forms of treatment without accompanying side effects.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":"65 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41307726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.62-70
Kanwal Jahan, S. Ali
Background: The family system affects the mental health and well-being of an individual and significantly alters the satisfaction level. The current study intended to explore the differences in psychological well-being and life satisfaction between the students belong to extended and nuclear family systems. Methodology: For this comparative study, a sample size of 467 participants (204 male & 263 female) was selected, including 314 participants from the nuclear family system and 153 from the extended family system. The Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB) and the Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used as outcome measuring tools. Results: The mean PWB scores were 343.45 ± 2.745 for the extended family system and 339.67 ± 1.90 for the nuclear family system. The mean score of satisfaction with life was 1.05 ± 5.64 for the extended family system, and the mean score for the nuclear family system was 1.05 ± 5.60 while (t=1.907). Moreover, women's PWB means the score was 343.71 ± 29.57, and men's PWB mean score was 333.80 ± 37.35. While the score of satisfaction with women's life was 22 ± 5.75, and the men's score was 22.58 ± 5.46. Conclusion: Results show no significant mean difference in the psychological well-being of participants of nuclear and extended family systems. Similarly, no significant difference was found in satisfaction with life between both family systems. Gender difference in PWB was found as women scored higher than men, while there was no gender difference among students in satisfaction with life.
{"title":"Comparison of psychological well-being and life satisfaction between extended and nuclear family systems among students","authors":"Kanwal Jahan, S. Ali","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.62-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.62-70","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The family system affects the mental health and well-being of an individual and significantly alters the satisfaction level. The current study intended to explore the differences in psychological well-being and life satisfaction between the students belong to extended and nuclear family systems. \u0000Methodology: For this comparative study, a sample size of 467 participants (204 male & 263 female) was selected, including 314 participants from the nuclear family system and 153 from the extended family system. The Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB) and the Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used as outcome measuring tools. \u0000Results: The mean PWB scores were 343.45 ± 2.745 for the extended family system and 339.67 ± 1.90 for the nuclear family system. The mean score of satisfaction with life was 1.05 ± 5.64 for the extended family system, and the mean score for the nuclear family system was 1.05 ± 5.60 while (t=1.907). Moreover, women's PWB means the score was 343.71 ± 29.57, and men's PWB mean score was 333.80 ± 37.35. While the score of satisfaction with women's life was 22 ± 5.75, and the men's score was 22.58 ± 5.46. \u0000Conclusion: Results show no significant mean difference in the psychological well-being of participants of nuclear and extended family systems. Similarly, no significant difference was found in satisfaction with life between both family systems. Gender difference in PWB was found as women scored higher than men, while there was no gender difference among students in satisfaction with life.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46345413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.96-106
Aisha Rais Ahmed, Saima Masoom
Background: Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) is the premise that focuses on how people can learn contentment and move toward Subjective well-being (SWB). One of the well-known Positive psychological intervention strategies is the gratitude intervention that challenges to evoke gratitude and helps produce positive feelings. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the implementation of 3 weeks gratitude meditation program and determine its effects on SWB (spell out) measures. Also, it was observed whether or not the Gratitude practice can improve the tendency to respond with a sense of gratitude itself. Methodology: This Quasi-Experimental study included 160 students from 2 colleges in Karachi who were participating voluntarily in the gratitude meditation program, conducted by investigators. All study subjects gave written informed consent before proceeding further. The mean age of the study subjects was 15 to 20 years. A total of 80 male and 80 female students participate in this study. The purposive non-probability sampling technique was used for recruiting the study sample. Data were obtained using a brief demographic sheet, followed by pre-and post-intervention measures, using the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive analysis technique and paired-sample t-test applied for within-group comparison. Results: The findings were highly significant with p< .001. The results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-and Post-intervention conditions of SWB. Moreover, the participant's level of gratitude was increased by experimental manipulation. Conclusion: Cultivating gratitude significantly contributes to satisfaction and positive outcomes in life, suggesting that gratitude training could be proposed as a beneficial practice for increasing SWB.
{"title":"Cultivate an attitude of gratitude among college students:","authors":"Aisha Rais Ahmed, Saima Masoom","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.96-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.96-106","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) is the premise that focuses on how people can learn contentment and move toward Subjective well-being (SWB). One of the well-known Positive psychological intervention strategies is the gratitude intervention that challenges to evoke gratitude and helps produce positive feelings. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the implementation of 3 weeks gratitude meditation program and determine its effects on SWB (spell out) measures. Also, it was observed whether or not the Gratitude practice can improve the tendency to respond with a sense of gratitude itself. \u0000Methodology: This Quasi-Experimental study included 160 students from 2 colleges in Karachi who were participating voluntarily in the gratitude meditation program, conducted by investigators. All study subjects gave written informed consent before proceeding further. The mean age of the study subjects was 15 to 20 years. A total of 80 male and 80 female students participate in this study. The purposive non-probability sampling technique was used for recruiting the study sample. Data were obtained using a brief demographic sheet, followed by pre-and post-intervention measures, using the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive analysis technique and paired-sample t-test applied for within-group comparison. \u0000Results: The findings were highly significant with p< .001. The results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of pre-and Post-intervention conditions of SWB. Moreover, the participant's level of gratitude was increased by experimental manipulation. \u0000Conclusion: Cultivating gratitude significantly contributes to satisfaction and positive outcomes in life, suggesting that gratitude training could be proposed as a beneficial practice for increasing SWB.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49317732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.86-95
Hina Ishtiaq, S. Siddiqui, Rukhsana Nawaz, M. A. Hussain, F. Imtiaz, Zeba Haque
Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism/mutation in the R263L region of the allosteric site of the GNE gene produces a phenotype with an overproduction of intracellular levels of sialic acid and causes sialuria. In sialuria, a defective GNE gene, synthesized with lost feedback inhibition mechanism, produces many developmental delays and varying degrees of intellectual disabilities in children and adolescents. Several mutations in the epimerase and kinase domains exist that cause difficulty in getting a precise and exact effect of the GNE gene on the disease severity and sialic acid levels. This is the first study investigating the molecular basis of neuronal disorders exhibiting sialuria in Pakistani children/ adolescents. Methodology: The current study quantified the mRNA expression of the GNE gene and urinary sialic acid concentration by Realtime-qRT-PCR and Fluorimetric assays, respectively. The correlation between relative mRNA and urinary sialic acid levels was evaluated by using Pearson Bivariate correlations. Results: The data show that severely intellectually disabled (I.D.) patients showed significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the GNE gene compared to controls. The concentrations of free sialic acid in urine were significantly reduced in severe I.D. patients compared to controls. Whereas patients with mild I.D. showed a two-fold increase in sialic acid levels when compared to controls. A significant correlation was found between an increased GNE mRNA and low urinary sialic acid levels from severe I.D. patients. Conclusion: The effect of the GNE gene is beyond hyposialylation that could hinder N-glycan structure and sialic acid biosynthesis. The study highlighted the possible involvement of sialic acid levels with different degrees of intellectual disabilities in Pakistani children and adolescents.
{"title":"The Identification of Sialuria with Different Degrees of Intellectual Disabilities in Children and Adolescents","authors":"Hina Ishtiaq, S. Siddiqui, Rukhsana Nawaz, M. A. Hussain, F. Imtiaz, Zeba Haque","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.86-95","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism/mutation in the R263L region of the allosteric site of the GNE gene produces a phenotype with an overproduction of intracellular levels of sialic acid and causes sialuria. In sialuria, a defective GNE gene, synthesized with lost feedback inhibition mechanism, produces many developmental delays and varying degrees of intellectual disabilities in children and adolescents. Several mutations in the epimerase and kinase domains exist that cause difficulty in getting a precise and exact effect of the GNE gene on the disease severity and sialic acid levels. This is the first study investigating the molecular basis of neuronal disorders exhibiting sialuria in Pakistani children/ adolescents. \u0000Methodology: The current study quantified the mRNA expression of the GNE gene and urinary sialic acid concentration by Realtime-qRT-PCR and Fluorimetric assays, respectively. The correlation between relative mRNA and urinary sialic acid levels was evaluated by using Pearson Bivariate correlations. \u0000Results: The data show that severely intellectually disabled (I.D.) patients showed significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the GNE gene compared to controls. The concentrations of free sialic acid in urine were significantly reduced in severe I.D. patients compared to controls. Whereas patients with mild I.D. showed a two-fold increase in sialic acid levels when compared to controls. A significant correlation was found between an increased GNE mRNA and low urinary sialic acid levels from severe I.D. patients. \u0000Conclusion: The effect of the GNE gene is beyond hyposialylation that could hinder N-glycan structure and sialic acid biosynthesis. The study highlighted the possible involvement of sialic acid levels with different degrees of intellectual disabilities in Pakistani children and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43732732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.76-85
S. Masood, S. Ali
Background: Attachment is an intangible form of sharing love, concerns, and emotion between two individuals or sometimes in terms of society. Attachment styles with an individual's parents, peers, or loved ones greatly affect an individual's different domains of life. Many studies have been conducted to identify the relationship of attachment styles and personality traits, physical and mental health. However, a few kinds of research have focused on the relationship of attachment styles with well-being. Therefore, the main objective of the research was to assess whether attachment style can predict psychological and emotional well-being. Methodology: The study required a sample of 300 students from different public and private universities in Karachi. Measures used in the study are The Relationships Questionnaire (RQ) and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF). The Relationships Questionnaire (RQ) was used to assess the attachment style, and the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) was used in the study to assess psychological and emotional wellbeing, items related to a specific variable used in the study were included in the assessment. Data were analyzed through regression analysis which is an inferential statistical test using SPSS version 24. Results: Results were not as per the assumption of the study hypotheses; there was no significant effect of attachment styles on psychological and emotional wellbeing. Conclusion: Hence, results indicated that attachment style alone could not be considered a good predictor of psychological and emotional well-being. It only has a minor effect, but for the prediction of psychological and emotional wellbeing, other mediating variables and personality factors should also be assessed or considered.
{"title":"Can attachment styles predict psychological and emotional well-being?","authors":"S. Masood, S. Ali","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.76-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.76-85","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Attachment is an intangible form of sharing love, concerns, and emotion between two individuals or sometimes in terms of society. Attachment styles with an individual's parents, peers, or loved ones greatly affect an individual's different domains of life. Many studies have been conducted to identify the relationship of attachment styles and personality traits, physical and mental health. However, a few kinds of research have focused on the relationship of attachment styles with well-being. Therefore, the main objective of the research was to assess whether attachment style can predict psychological and emotional well-being. \u0000Methodology: The study required a sample of 300 students from different public and private universities in Karachi. Measures used in the study are The Relationships Questionnaire (RQ) and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF). The Relationships Questionnaire (RQ) was used to assess the attachment style, and the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) was used in the study to assess psychological and emotional wellbeing, items related to a specific variable used in the study were included in the assessment. Data were analyzed through regression analysis which is an inferential statistical test using SPSS version 24. \u0000Results: Results were not as per the assumption of the study hypotheses; there was no significant effect of attachment styles on psychological and emotional wellbeing. \u0000Conclusion: Hence, results indicated that attachment style alone could not be considered a good predictor of psychological and emotional well-being. It only has a minor effect, but for the prediction of psychological and emotional wellbeing, other mediating variables and personality factors should also be assessed or considered. ","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47803802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.71-75
Zara Nisar Damani, Sana Hussain
Background: Resilience has proven to be a protective factor against adverse conditions. However, mental health professionals have started studying resilience in terms of reducing depression and anxiety. In Pakistan especially, this area needs to be explored to develop interventions to make people resilient. This study aimed to investigate and understand the role of mothers' resilience in developing resilience and prevention of depression and anxiety in daughters. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, and data were collected from 88 participants hailing from different areas of Karachi, Pakistan, and among them, 44 were girls, and 44 were their biological mothers. The variables were assessed using the resilience and depression anxiety scale. Results: The study results reveal that when mothers are resilient, it helps develop resilience in daughters. Since there was no significant difference between mothers' and daughters' resilience, all the mothers were resilient, and their daughters were resilient. Further, this study also showed that resilience is negatively correlated with depression and anxiety. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between mothers' resilience and daughters' depression and anxiety scores. Besides this, a significant positive relationship has also been found between daughters' resilience and mothers' depression anxiety scores. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is suggested that for the development of a healthy society, intervention programs that promote resilience must be adapted for children as well as adults so that they can overcome the challenges of daily life.
{"title":"Role of Mothers Resilience in the Development of Resilience and Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Daughters","authors":"Zara Nisar Damani, Sana Hussain","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.71-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.71-75","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Resilience has proven to be a protective factor against adverse conditions. However, mental health professionals have started studying resilience in terms of reducing depression and anxiety. In Pakistan especially, this area needs to be explored to develop interventions to make people resilient. This study aimed to investigate and understand the role of mothers' resilience in developing resilience and prevention of depression and anxiety in daughters. \u0000Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, and data were collected from 88 participants hailing from different areas of Karachi, Pakistan, and among them, 44 were girls, and 44 were their biological mothers. The variables were assessed using the resilience and depression anxiety scale. \u0000Results: The study results reveal that when mothers are resilient, it helps develop resilience in daughters. Since there was no significant difference between mothers' and daughters' resilience, all the mothers were resilient, and their daughters were resilient. Further, this study also showed that resilience is negatively correlated with depression and anxiety. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between mothers' resilience and daughters' depression and anxiety scores. Besides this, a significant positive relationship has also been found between daughters' resilience and mothers' depression anxiety scores. \u0000Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is suggested that for the development of a healthy society, intervention programs that promote resilience must be adapted for children as well as adults so that they can overcome the challenges of daily life.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48870766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.112-119
S. Batool, S. Noshad, Sadaf Ahmed
Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a painful condition of the musculoskeletal system that affects the quality of life and causes disabilities that can cease or limit daily life activities. Around 85% of the population has encountered LBP at least once in their lives. Due to sustained or improper postures, the incidence rate of LBP is reportedly high amongst healthcare providers worldwide. The treatments to manage LBP are generally some Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which only give short-term relief and are seemingly ineffective after a particular time, so higher doses are needed. This study aims to test the Cat-Cow yoga posture to manage LBP in longer terms. Methodology: It will be a uni-center randomized control trial, and the participants with musculoskeletal low back pain will be randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 will receive the intervention, cat-cow yoga sessions, and Group 2 will get the general care guide. Altered levels of cortisol, substance P and beta-endorphins will be measured and compared at baseline and after completion of 12 weeks. Discussion: A practical and cost-friendly intervention that can help Back pain sufferers to reduce their pain. This study will determine the efficacy of a useful and cost-effective yoga technique to overcome the psychophysiological manifestations of musculoskeletal CLBP.
{"title":"A Proposed Study Using Psychophysiological Biomarkers to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Cat-Cow Yoga Exercise to Reduce Chronic Musculoskeletal Low Back Pain","authors":"S. Batool, S. Noshad, Sadaf Ahmed","doi":"10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.112-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.112-119","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a painful condition of the musculoskeletal system that affects the quality of life and causes disabilities that can cease or limit daily life activities. Around 85% of the population has encountered LBP at least once in their lives. Due to sustained or improper postures, the incidence rate of LBP is reportedly high amongst healthcare providers worldwide. The treatments to manage LBP are generally some Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which only give short-term relief and are seemingly ineffective after a particular time, so higher doses are needed. This study aims to test the Cat-Cow yoga posture to manage LBP in longer terms. Methodology: It will be a uni-center randomized control trial, and the participants with musculoskeletal low back pain will be randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 will receive the intervention, cat-cow yoga sessions, and Group 2 will get the general care guide. Altered levels of cortisol, substance P and beta-endorphins will be measured and compared at baseline and after completion of 12 weeks. Discussion: A practical and cost-friendly intervention that can help Back pain sufferers to reduce their pain. This study will determine the efficacy of a useful and cost-effective yoga technique to overcome the psychophysiological manifestations of musculoskeletal CLBP.","PeriodicalId":34185,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychophysiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42071105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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