Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2753
Rista Budiawan, Made Same, Joko S. S. Hartono
Coffee seeds are an important planting material in coffee cultivation. Coffee germination is a complex process. One of the efforts to germinate coffee seeds is by soaking the seeds in water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the length of time soaking seeds in water on the germination of coffee seeds, knowing the effect of the length of time soaking in rice washing water on the germination of coffee seeds, and knowing the interaction between soaking with water and soaking with rice washing water on coffee seed germination. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors, and was repeated three times. The results showed that water immersion had no effect on coffee seed germination, rice water immersion for 6 hours had an effect on plant height at planting age of 4 WAP and 11 WAP, and there was an interaction between water immersion time and rice water immersion time at 12 WAP planting age. The best combination is 12 hours of water immersion + 12 hours of rice washing water on wet weight of shoot and dry weight of shoot.
{"title":"Pengaruh Perendaman Benih dengan Air dan Air Cucian Beras pada Pertumbuhan Benih Kopi (Coffea sp.)","authors":"Rista Budiawan, Made Same, Joko S. S. Hartono","doi":"10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2753","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee seeds are an important planting material in coffee cultivation. Coffee germination is a complex process. One of the efforts to germinate coffee seeds is by soaking the seeds in water. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the length of time soaking seeds in water on the germination of coffee seeds, knowing the effect of the length of time soaking in rice washing water on the germination of coffee seeds, and knowing the interaction between soaking with water and soaking with rice washing water on coffee seed germination. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors, and was repeated three times. The results showed that water immersion had no effect on coffee seed germination, rice water immersion for 6 hours had an effect on plant height at planting age of 4 WAP and 11 WAP, and there was an interaction between water immersion time and rice water immersion time at 12 WAP planting age. The best combination is 12 hours of water immersion + 12 hours of rice washing water on wet weight of shoot and dry weight of shoot.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49214507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cotton plant is a fiber plant that is commonly used as a raw material for textiles, beauty, and health products. To increase cotton production, the development of superior varieties using plant breeding methods in cross-analysis is necessary. The cross-analysis method is used to determine the agronomic traits that affect cotton production, by selecting yield through several other characteristics related to yield. The aim of this study was to identify which agronomic characters can be used as selection criteria to increase cotton production using cross-analysis. The research was conducted at Politeknik Negeri Jember, and included 12 independent variables and one response variable, namely cotton production. The method used in this study was to perform correlation analysis, cross-analysis, calculate direct and residual contributions, and select agronomic characters that can be used as selection criteria. The results showed that the number of fruit characters had the highest correlation with cotton production (RX9Y = 0.835). Cross-analysis was carried out, and the highest direct effect was found between the number of fruit characters and cotton production (PX9Y = 0.971). The highest direct contribution was found in the character of the number of fruit, which had a total contribution of 98.321% and residue of 1.679%. Therefore, the agronomic character that can be used as a direct selection criterion is the number of fruits.
{"title":"Karakteristik Agronomi Tanaman Kapas (Gossypium sp.) dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Produksi Kapas Menggunakan Analisis Lintas","authors":"Virda Fauziah, Ujang Setyoko, Abdurrahman Salim, Abd. Madjid","doi":"10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2677","url":null,"abstract":"The cotton plant is a fiber plant that is commonly used as a raw material for textiles, beauty, and health products. To increase cotton production, the development of superior varieties using plant breeding methods in cross-analysis is necessary. The cross-analysis method is used to determine the agronomic traits that affect cotton production, by selecting yield through several other characteristics related to yield. The aim of this study was to identify which agronomic characters can be used as selection criteria to increase cotton production using cross-analysis. The research was conducted at Politeknik Negeri Jember, and included 12 independent variables and one response variable, namely cotton production. The method used in this study was to perform correlation analysis, cross-analysis, calculate direct and residual contributions, and select agronomic characters that can be used as selection criteria. The results showed that the number of fruit characters had the highest correlation with cotton production (RX9Y = 0.835). Cross-analysis was carried out, and the highest direct effect was found between the number of fruit characters and cotton production (PX9Y = 0.971). The highest direct contribution was found in the character of the number of fruit, which had a total contribution of 98.321% and residue of 1.679%. Therefore, the agronomic character that can be used as a direct selection criterion is the number of fruits.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45571302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2678
Irma Wardati, Fama Rudi Atmaja, D. Erawati, Andarula Galushasti
The impact of cocoa fruit-sucking ladybugs (Helopeltis antonii Signoret) is getting higher, resulting in control by considering costs and abundant raw materials. The study aimed to ascertain the efficiency of botanical insecticides made from neem and wedusan as controllers and their effect on the behavior of cacao fruit-sucking ladybugs. The research was carried out from May to August 2021 in Petungombo Hamlet, Sepawon Village, Plosoklaten District, Kediri Regency. This study used a Randomize Block Design Non-Factorial with the factors tested including I0 (no insecticide), I1 (5% neem leaf botanical insecticide), I2 (10% wedusan leaf botanical insecticide), and I3 (neem leaf vegetable botanical combination 5% and 10% wedusan leaf botanical insecticide). Further testing uses the Least Significant Difference test with a level of 5%. The results showed that the insecticidal substances of neem leaves and botanical insecticides of wedusan leaves were effective against ladybugs sucking cocoa fruit pods with a value of Lethal Time Fifty. The results were the fastest with a combination of the two over 111 hours and significantly affected behavioral changes classified as very low to low changes.
{"title":"Efektivitas Insektisida Botani dari Daun Mimba dan Wedusan sebagai Pengendalian Kepik Penghisap Kakao","authors":"Irma Wardati, Fama Rudi Atmaja, D. Erawati, Andarula Galushasti","doi":"10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2678","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of cocoa fruit-sucking ladybugs (Helopeltis antonii Signoret) is getting higher, resulting in control by considering costs and abundant raw materials. The study aimed to ascertain the efficiency of botanical insecticides made from neem and wedusan as controllers and their effect on the behavior of cacao fruit-sucking ladybugs. The research was carried out from May to August 2021 in Petungombo Hamlet, Sepawon Village, Plosoklaten District, Kediri Regency. This study used a Randomize Block Design Non-Factorial with the factors tested including I0 (no insecticide), I1 (5% neem leaf botanical insecticide), I2 (10% wedusan leaf botanical insecticide), and I3 (neem leaf vegetable botanical combination 5% and 10% wedusan leaf botanical insecticide). Further testing uses the Least Significant Difference test with a level of 5%. The results showed that the insecticidal substances of neem leaves and botanical insecticides of wedusan leaves were effective against ladybugs sucking cocoa fruit pods with a value of Lethal Time Fifty. The results were the fastest with a combination of the two over 111 hours and significantly affected behavioral changes classified as very low to low changes.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42093503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2627
Muhammad Ibnu
The production and trade of agricultural products in global markets will undergo changes due to shifts in demand and production patterns. Although demand for pepper is likely to remain strong, pepper production is prone to fluctuations due to various factors, particularly natural ones. This study aims to predict future changes in the production and trade of the world's largest pepper-producing countries and identify macro-level improvements needed to enhance the pepper production and trade system in Indonesia. Using time-series analysis (i.e., double exponential smoothing) with FAOSTAT data from 1961-2020, this study predicts that the competitive landscape among pepper-producing countries is likely to change over the next 15 years. Some producing countries may overtake others in terms of pepper production and trade. Consequently, Indonesia needs to respond to these changes by implementing various sectoral-level improvements, such as investing in sustainable development, improving infrastructure, and addressing political factors, in addition to improving farmer-level practices.
{"title":"Perubahan Produksi dan Perdagangan Negara-negara Produsen Lada Terbesar di Dunia dan Implikasinya bagi Indonesia","authors":"Muhammad Ibnu","doi":"10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2627","url":null,"abstract":"The production and trade of agricultural products in global markets will undergo changes due to shifts in demand and production patterns. Although demand for pepper is likely to remain strong, pepper production is prone to fluctuations due to various factors, particularly natural ones. This study aims to predict future changes in the production and trade of the world's largest pepper-producing countries and identify macro-level improvements needed to enhance the pepper production and trade system in Indonesia. Using time-series analysis (i.e., double exponential smoothing) with FAOSTAT data from 1961-2020, this study predicts that the competitive landscape among pepper-producing countries is likely to change over the next 15 years. Some producing countries may overtake others in terms of pepper production and trade. Consequently, Indonesia needs to respond to these changes by implementing various sectoral-level improvements, such as investing in sustainable development, improving infrastructure, and addressing political factors, in addition to improving farmer-level practices.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44013116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-12DOI: 10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2578
M. Iqbal, Made Same, Joko S. S. Hartono
Coffee is one of the productive agro-industries in Indonesia, so care needs to be taken to use varieties and doses of fertilizers based on plant needs and environmental conditions. This study aimed to determine the clone, dose of urea, and the interaction between the clone and the dose for Robusta coffee plants in the mother planting stock farm. This study used a split-plot design with coffee clones as the main plot and doses of urea fertilizer as subplots. The study showed no significant difference between clones in the growth of robusta coffee plants, where clone BP 534 was the best clone for plant growth. In addition, based on the study's results, the best interaction was obtained where the best interaction for increasing the number of leaves was between clone BP 936 and a dose of 15 g.plant-1. The interaction between clones and the best dose for increasing the height and number of branches was between clone BP 936 and dose 20 g.plant-1, and the interaction between clones and the best dose for plant stem diameter was between clone BP 358 and a dose of 20 g.plant-1.
{"title":"Pengaruh Klon Kopi dan Dosis Urea pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kopi Robusta (Coffea canephora L.) di Kebun Entres","authors":"M. Iqbal, Made Same, Joko S. S. Hartono","doi":"10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2578","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee is one of the productive agro-industries in Indonesia, so care needs to be taken to use varieties and doses of fertilizers based on plant needs and environmental conditions. This study aimed to determine the clone, dose of urea, and the interaction between the clone and the dose for Robusta coffee plants in the mother planting stock farm. This study used a split-plot design with coffee clones as the main plot and doses of urea fertilizer as subplots. The study showed no significant difference between clones in the growth of robusta coffee plants, where clone BP 534 was the best clone for plant growth. In addition, based on the study's results, the best interaction was obtained where the best interaction for increasing the number of leaves was between clone BP 936 and a dose of 15 g.plant-1. The interaction between clones and the best dose for increasing the height and number of branches was between clone BP 936 and dose 20 g.plant-1, and the interaction between clones and the best dose for plant stem diameter was between clone BP 358 and a dose of 20 g.plant-1.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42526973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2602
Ayu Widyasari, Warkoyo Warkoyo, M. Mujianto
Robusta coffee is known for its bitter taste and stronger aroma compared to arabica coffee. Additionally, robusta coffee has a higher caffeine content. Coffee quality is evaluated based on the quality of green coffee beans and the taste of the brewed coffee. A good and delicious coffee taste can be achieved by roasting the coffee beans correctly and using high-quality green coffee beans. This study was conducted to evaluate the taste of quality 1 robusta coffee beans with different sizes - L (7.5 mm in diameter), M (6.5 mm in diameter), and S (5.5 mm in diameter). The experiment was carried out using a simple randomized block design and analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by the LSD test with a 5% significance level. The research was conducted at a coffee processing factory in Satak village, Kediri, East Java in March 2022. The taste testing of the robusta coffee was done using the cupping test method according to the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) standards. The results of the analysis indicate that the taste of quality 1 robusta coffee beans is significantly affected by the size of the beans in terms of fragrance, flavor, balance, sweetness, and overall taste. Based on the cupping coffee quality classification scores, robusta coffee beans 1S, 1M, and 1L scored <75, which means they are of low quality and considered off-grade.
{"title":"Pengaruh Ukuran Biji Kopi Robusta pada Kualitas Citarasa Kopi","authors":"Ayu Widyasari, Warkoyo Warkoyo, M. Mujianto","doi":"10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25181/jaip.v11i1.2602","url":null,"abstract":"Robusta coffee is known for its bitter taste and stronger aroma compared to arabica coffee. Additionally, robusta coffee has a higher caffeine content. Coffee quality is evaluated based on the quality of green coffee beans and the taste of the brewed coffee. A good and delicious coffee taste can be achieved by roasting the coffee beans correctly and using high-quality green coffee beans. This study was conducted to evaluate the taste of quality 1 robusta coffee beans with different sizes - L (7.5 mm in diameter), M (6.5 mm in diameter), and S (5.5 mm in diameter). The experiment was carried out using a simple randomized block design and analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by the LSD test with a 5% significance level. The research was conducted at a coffee processing factory in Satak village, Kediri, East Java in March 2022. The taste testing of the robusta coffee was done using the cupping test method according to the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) standards. The results of the analysis indicate that the taste of quality 1 robusta coffee beans is significantly affected by the size of the beans in terms of fragrance, flavor, balance, sweetness, and overall taste. Based on the cupping coffee quality classification scores, robusta coffee beans 1S, 1M, and 1L scored <75, which means they are of low quality and considered off-grade.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49047999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhamad Ayi Pandu Perdana, Diah Ratnadewi, Tri Muji Ermayanti
Kupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Miq.) Merr. & L.M Perry) merupakan tanaman berkayu yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan obat dan zat pewarna. Kupa sudah jarang ditemukan di beberapa wilayah Indonesia, oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya konservasi. Kultur jaringan adalah salah satu teknik yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk perbanyakan tanaman dan konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi media yang optimum untuk mikropropagasi kupa. Penelitian terdiri atas 3 tahap percobaan, yaitu multiplikasi tunas menggunakan eksplan buku tunggal dan tunas pucuk pada media dasar DKW dan MS, yang mengandung BAP dan IBA; perakaran menggunakan substrat agar atau campuran pasir + vermikulit, ditambah larutan DKW atau MS, dan IBA; dan aklimatisasi. Semua percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media MS + BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0,1 mg L-1 merupakan media terbaik untuk perbanyakan dan tinggi tunas dari eksplan buku tunggal. Tunas terbanyak dari eksplan tunas pucuk didapatkan dari media DKW + BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0,1 mg L-1. Media Pasir + Vermikulit dengan larutan MS maupun DKW memberikan 100% tunas berakar. Planlet yang berasal dari media pasir + vermikulit dengan pemberian larutan MS menghasilkan jumlah dan panjang akar lebih baik, dan daya hidup tertinggi pada tahap aklimatisasi.ABSTRACTKupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Miq.) Merr. & L.M Perry) is a woody plant, which has many benefits including herbal medicine and coloring matter. Kupa is rarely found in some parts of Indonesia, therefore the conservation is needed. Tissue culture is a technique applied for propagation and conservation. This study aimed to obtain the optimal media composition for kupa micropropagation. The study consisted of 3 steps, i.e. shoot multiplication using single node and shoot tips explants cultured in basic media DKW and MS containing BAP and IBA; rooting in two different substrates, agar and a mixture of vermiculite + sand, enriched with DKW or MS solution, and IBA; and acclimatization. All experiments used a factorial completely randomized design. The results showed that MS +BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0.1 mg L-1 was the best for shoot multiplication and shoot height from single node explants. Media of DKW + BAP 1 mg L-1+ IBA 0.1 mg L-1 was the best for multi-shoots from shoot tip explant. Sand + vermiculite media with MS or DKW solution produced 100% rooted-plantlets. Plantlets derived from sand + vermiculite with MS solution gave the best root number and length, and it also the highest survival rate at the acclimatization stage.
Kupa (Syzygium polycephalum, Miq)默尔。佩里是一种木本植物，可以用作药物和染料。Kupa在印尼的一些地区并不常见，因此需要保护努力。组织培养是一种可以应用于植物繁殖和保护的技术。本研究的目的是为kupa的微传播获得最佳媒体组成。该研究包括三个实验阶段，即使用单卷乘数和基本介质DKW和MS中的花蕾花蕾，含有fir和IBA;葡萄球菌使用基质或真素沙+混合物，加上DKW或MS和IBA溶液;和适应。所有的实验都使用了一个完整的随机设计派别。研究结果表明，MS + BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0.1 mg L-1是衡量一本书独家报道的最佳媒介。最多花蕾的球茎是从媒体DKW + BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0.1 mg L-1。由MS和DKW溶液混合的沙+真皮提供100%根芽。经经MS溶液处理而产生的植物从沙+真皮中产生更好的数和根长度，在发酵阶段产生最高的生命力。ABSTRACTKupa (Syzygium polycephalum, Miq)默尔。这是伍迪·普兰特，他有很多好处，包括草药和颜色物质。在印尼的某些地方，Kupa很少有发现，这是必须的保护。组织文化是一种促进和保护的技术应用。这项研究使对焦微宣传的最佳媒体合成。研究发现，使用单节点和点火技术，使用基本媒体DKW的知识，以及如何接触ba ba;由两个不同的亚原子组成，混合了维米库利特+的沙子，配上DKW或MS解决方案和IBA;和acclimatization。所有的实验都用了一个完全随机的设计。结果表明，MS +BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0.1 mg L-1是从单节点投篮和投篮的最佳选择。DKW +杉木1 mg L-1+ IBA 0.1 mg L-1是练习外伸杆的最佳射击方法。DKW解决方案生产100% rootets - plants的砂光媒体。由于MS解决方案提供了最好的根数和链，它也提供了最极端的生存速率在适应阶段。
{"title":"Optimasi komposisi media untuk mikropropagasi tanaman kupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Miq.) Merr. & L.M Perry)","authors":"Muhamad Ayi Pandu Perdana, Diah Ratnadewi, Tri Muji Ermayanti","doi":"10.15575/20958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/20958","url":null,"abstract":"Kupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Miq.) Merr. & L.M Perry) merupakan tanaman berkayu yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan obat dan zat pewarna. Kupa sudah jarang ditemukan di beberapa wilayah Indonesia, oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya konservasi. Kultur jaringan adalah salah satu teknik yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk perbanyakan tanaman dan konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi media yang optimum untuk mikropropagasi kupa. Penelitian terdiri atas 3 tahap percobaan, yaitu multiplikasi tunas menggunakan eksplan buku tunggal dan tunas pucuk pada media dasar DKW dan MS, yang mengandung BAP dan IBA; perakaran menggunakan substrat agar atau campuran pasir + vermikulit, ditambah larutan DKW atau MS, dan IBA; dan aklimatisasi. Semua percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media MS + BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0,1 mg L-1 merupakan media terbaik untuk perbanyakan dan tinggi tunas dari eksplan buku tunggal. Tunas terbanyak dari eksplan tunas pucuk didapatkan dari media DKW + BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0,1 mg L-1. Media Pasir + Vermikulit dengan larutan MS maupun DKW memberikan 100% tunas berakar. Planlet yang berasal dari media pasir + vermikulit dengan pemberian larutan MS menghasilkan jumlah dan panjang akar lebih baik, dan daya hidup tertinggi pada tahap aklimatisasi.ABSTRACTKupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Miq.) Merr. & L.M Perry) is a woody plant, which has many benefits including herbal medicine and coloring matter. Kupa is rarely found in some parts of Indonesia, therefore the conservation is needed. Tissue culture is a technique applied for propagation and conservation. This study aimed to obtain the optimal media composition for kupa micropropagation. The study consisted of 3 steps, i.e. shoot multiplication using single node and shoot tips explants cultured in basic media DKW and MS containing BAP and IBA; rooting in two different substrates, agar and a mixture of vermiculite + sand, enriched with DKW or MS solution, and IBA; and acclimatization. All experiments used a factorial completely randomized design. The results showed that MS +BAP 1 mg L-1 + IBA 0.1 mg L-1 was the best for shoot multiplication and shoot height from single node explants. Media of DKW + BAP 1 mg L-1+ IBA 0.1 mg L-1 was the best for multi-shoots from shoot tip explant. Sand + vermiculite media with MS or DKW solution produced 100% rooted-plantlets. Plantlets derived from sand + vermiculite with MS solution gave the best root number and length, and it also the highest survival rate at the acclimatization stage.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74078674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yulmira Yanti, Hasmiandy Hamid, Y. Yaherwandi, Nurbailis Nurbailis
Sclerotium rolfsii merupakan patogen tular tanah yang dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 75% pada tanaman cabai. Alternatif pengendalian ramah lingkungan bisa menggunakan agens hayati yaitu konsorsium bakteri endofit Bacillus spp. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan konsorsium Bacillus spp. terbaik untuk pengendalian rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan S. rolfsii pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian berupa eksperimen secara in vivo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tujuh perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yaitu : konsorsium A (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), konsorsium B (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), konsorsium C (B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), konsorsium D (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), Kontrol positif (tidak diberi S. rolfsii dan Bacillus spp.), Kontrol negatif (diinokulasikan S. rolfsii dan tidak diberi Bacillus spp.) dan Kontrol pembanding (fungisida Mankozeb). Peubah yang diamati yaitu perkembangan penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsorsium AGBE 2.1 TL+ SLBE 2.3 BB, konsorsium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1.1 BB dan konsorsium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1.1 BB + SLBE2.3 BB memiliki efektivitas 100% dalam mengendalikan penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang.ABSTRACTSclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne pathogen that can reduce yields up to 75% in chili plants. An alternative for environmentally friendly control can use biological agents, namely a consortium of endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp. The aim of the study was to obtain a consortium of Bacillus spp. best for controlling of damping off and stem rot caused by S. rolfsii in chili plants. The study was an in vivo experiment using a completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications: consortium A (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), consortium B (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), consortium C (B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), consortium D (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), positive control (no S. rolfsii and Bacillus spp.), negative control (inoculated with S. rolfsii and no Bacillus spp.) and comparison control (Mankozeb fungicide). The results obtained that the consortium AGBE 2.1 TL+ SLBE 2.3 BB, the consortium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1 .1 BB and consortium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB were 100% effective in suppressing developmental disease of damping off and stem rot caused by S. rolfsii.
{"title":"Konsorsium Bacillus spp. Untuk pengendalian penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk batang (Sclerotium rolfsii) pada tanaman Cabai","authors":"Yulmira Yanti, Hasmiandy Hamid, Y. Yaherwandi, Nurbailis Nurbailis","doi":"10.15575/17954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/17954","url":null,"abstract":"Sclerotium rolfsii merupakan patogen tular tanah yang dapat menyebabkan kehilangan hasil hingga 75% pada tanaman cabai. Alternatif pengendalian ramah lingkungan bisa menggunakan agens hayati yaitu konsorsium bakteri endofit Bacillus spp. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan konsorsium Bacillus spp. terbaik untuk pengendalian rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan S. rolfsii pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian berupa eksperimen secara in vivo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tujuh perlakuan dan tiga ulangan yaitu : konsorsium A (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), konsorsium B (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), konsorsium C (B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), konsorsium D (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), Kontrol positif (tidak diberi S. rolfsii dan Bacillus spp.), Kontrol negatif (diinokulasikan S. rolfsii dan tidak diberi Bacillus spp.) dan Kontrol pembanding (fungisida Mankozeb). Peubah yang diamati yaitu perkembangan penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsorsium AGBE 2.1 TL+ SLBE 2.3 BB, konsorsium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1.1 BB dan konsorsium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1.1 BB + SLBE2.3 BB memiliki efektivitas 100% dalam mengendalikan penyakit rebah kecambah dan busuk pangkal batang.ABSTRACTSclerotium rolfsii is a soil-borne pathogen that can reduce yields up to 75% in chili plants. An alternative for environmentally friendly control can use biological agents, namely a consortium of endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp. The aim of the study was to obtain a consortium of Bacillus spp. best for controlling of damping off and stem rot caused by S. rolfsii in chili plants. The study was an in vivo experiment using a completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications: consortium A (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), consortium B (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), consortium C (B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB), consortium D (B. toyonensis AGBE2.1 TL + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB + B. thuringiensis SLBE2.3 BB), positive control (no S. rolfsii and Bacillus spp.), negative control (inoculated with S. rolfsii and no Bacillus spp.) and comparison control (Mankozeb fungicide). The results obtained that the consortium AGBE 2.1 TL+ SLBE 2.3 BB, the consortium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE1 .1 BB and consortium AGBE2.1 TL + SLBE2.3 BB + B. cereus SLBE1.1 BB were 100% effective in suppressing developmental disease of damping off and stem rot caused by S. rolfsii. ","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74143987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salah satu penyebab rendahnya kualitas buah mangga adalah umur panen yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur panen terhadap kualitas beberapa kultivar mangga (Mangifera indica L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan Juli sampai November 2021 di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor yang diuji adalah kombinasi antara kultivar mangga (Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, Cengkir, dan Lalijiwo) dengan umur panen (60, 75, 90, 105, dan 120 hari setelah bunga mekar). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 2 kali sehingga didapat 40 satuan percobaan. Variabel yang diamati adalah bobot segar buah, susut bobot buah, kekerasan buah, vitamin C, dan total padatan terlarut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot buah Arumanis dan Cengkir pada umur 90–120 Hari Setelah Bungan Mekar (HSBM) lebih tinggi dibanding kultivar lainnya. Susut bobot paling rendah terjadi pada Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis umur 120 HSBM sedangkan kandungan vitamin C dan total padatan terlarut yang tinggi diperoleh pada Gedong Gincu, Cengkir, dan Lalijiwo umur 120 hari setelah bunga mekar. Umur panen terbaik untuk semua kultivar adalah antara 90–120 HSBM.ABSTRACTOne of the causes of mango’s low quality is the improper harvesting age. This study aimed to determine the effect of harvest age on the quality of several mango cultivars (Mangifera indicaL.). This research was carried out from July to November 2021 at the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. The research method used was the experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factor tested was a combination of mango cultivars (Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, Cengkir, and Lalijiwo) and harvest age (60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 days after the flower blooms). The treatment was repeated 2 times so that 40 trials were obtained. The variables age observed were fresh fruit weight, fruit weight loss, fruit hardness, vitamin C, and total dissolved solids. The results showed that Arumanis and Cengkir fruit weights of 90-120 days after blooming (DAB) were higher than other cultivars. The lowest weight loss occurred in Gedong Gincu and Arumanis at 120 DAB, vitamin C content and total soluble solids were obtained in Gedong Gincu, Cengkir, and Lalijiwo at 120 DAB. The best harvest age for all cultivars was between 90 – 120 DAB.
{"title":"Penentuan umur panen beberapa kultivar mangga (Mangifera indica L.)","authors":"W. Astuti, Umi Trisnaningsih, Dodi Budirokhman","doi":"10.15575/19684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/19684","url":null,"abstract":"Salah satu penyebab rendahnya kualitas buah mangga adalah umur panen yang tidak tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur panen terhadap kualitas beberapa kultivar mangga (Mangifera indica L.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan Juli sampai November 2021 di Laboratorium Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Faktor yang diuji adalah kombinasi antara kultivar mangga (Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, Cengkir, dan Lalijiwo) dengan umur panen (60, 75, 90, 105, dan 120 hari setelah bunga mekar). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 2 kali sehingga didapat 40 satuan percobaan. Variabel yang diamati adalah bobot segar buah, susut bobot buah, kekerasan buah, vitamin C, dan total padatan terlarut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot buah Arumanis dan Cengkir pada umur 90–120 Hari Setelah Bungan Mekar (HSBM) lebih tinggi dibanding kultivar lainnya. Susut bobot paling rendah terjadi pada Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis umur 120 HSBM sedangkan kandungan vitamin C dan total padatan terlarut yang tinggi diperoleh pada Gedong Gincu, Cengkir, dan Lalijiwo umur 120 hari setelah bunga mekar. Umur panen terbaik untuk semua kultivar adalah antara 90–120 HSBM.ABSTRACTOne of the causes of mango’s low quality is the improper harvesting age. This study aimed to determine the effect of harvest age on the quality of several mango cultivars (Mangifera indicaL.). This research was carried out from July to November 2021 at the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati. The research method used was the experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factor tested was a combination of mango cultivars (Gedong Gincu, Arumanis, Cengkir, and Lalijiwo) and harvest age (60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 days after the flower blooms). The treatment was repeated 2 times so that 40 trials were obtained. The variables age observed were fresh fruit weight, fruit weight loss, fruit hardness, vitamin C, and total dissolved solids. The results showed that Arumanis and Cengkir fruit weights of 90-120 days after blooming (DAB) were higher than other cultivars. The lowest weight loss occurred in Gedong Gincu and Arumanis at 120 DAB, vitamin C content and total soluble solids were obtained in Gedong Gincu, Cengkir, and Lalijiwo at 120 DAB. The best harvest age for all cultivars was between 90 – 120 DAB.","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87464604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Mugiastuti, Suprayogi Suprayogi, Nur Prihatiningsih, L. Soesanto
Upaya meningkatkan produksi jagung di Indonesia seringkali mengalami beberapa kendala, di antaranya adanya infeksi Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, penyebab penyakit hawar pelepah daun. Pengendalian hayati menggunakan bakteri antagonis indigenous jagung diharapkan dapat mengendalikan penyakit hawar pelepah jagung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri antagonis Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor dan Bacillus spp. dalam mengendalikan penyakit hawar pelepah dan memacu pertumbuhan tanaman pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan 8 perlakuan meliputi Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor BB.R1, Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor PPD.B5, Bacillus spp. BB.R3, Bacillus spp. BK.R5, Bacillus spp. BB.B4, Bacillus spp. BK.A1, serta fungisida (fluopikolid 6% + propineb 67%) dan kontrol. Variabel yang diamati meliputi masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, AUDPC, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, bobot tanaman segar dan kering, bobot akar segar dan kering, serta panjang akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bakteri antagonis asal rizosfer dan endofit mampu menekan penyakit hawar pelepah jagung, dengan menurunkan intensitas penyakit sebesar 42,87-85,69% dan AUDPC 53,19-87,23%. Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3 serta Bacillus spp. BB.B4 mampu meningkatkan beberapa komponen pertumbuhan tanaman jagung antara 9,5-40,49%. Bakteri Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3 serta Bacillus spp. BB.B4 memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendali penyakit hawar pelepah jagung serta mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. ABSTRACTThe efforts to increase maize production in Indonesia experienced several constraints, including the infection of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, the cause of sheath blight disease. Biological control, with antagonistic bacteria from indigenous maize, can be used to control maize sheath blight disease. This study was aimed to determine the ability of fluorescent Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. to control sheath blight and promote plant growth in maize. The study used a randomized complete block design with eight treatments, including the fluorescent Pseudomonas BB.R1, fluorescent Pseudomonas PPD.B5, Bacillus spp. BB.R3, Bacillus spp. BK. R5, Bacillus spp. BB.B4, Bacillus spp. BK.A1, fungicides (fluopicolide 6% + propineb 67%) and controls. Variables observed including incubation period, disease intensity, AUDPC, number of leaves, plant height, fresh and dry plant weight, fresh and dry root weight, and root length. The results showed that antagonist bacteria could suppress maize sheath blight by reducing disease intensity from 42.87 to 85.69% and AUDPC from 53.19 to 87.23%. Fluorescent Pseudomonas BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3, and Bacillus spp. BB.B4 increased several components of maize growth from 9.50 to 40.49 %. The fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3 and Bacillus spp. BB.B4 potentially utilized to control sheath blight disease and promote plant growth in ma
{"title":"Kemampuan Pseudomonas spp. Pendar fluor dan Bacillus spp. Dalam mengendalikan penyakit hawar pelepah jagung","authors":"E. Mugiastuti, Suprayogi Suprayogi, Nur Prihatiningsih, L. Soesanto","doi":"10.15575/18819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15575/18819","url":null,"abstract":"Upaya meningkatkan produksi jagung di Indonesia seringkali mengalami beberapa kendala, di antaranya adanya infeksi Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, penyebab penyakit hawar pelepah daun. Pengendalian hayati menggunakan bakteri antagonis indigenous jagung diharapkan dapat mengendalikan penyakit hawar pelepah jagung. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan bakteri antagonis Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor dan Bacillus spp. dalam mengendalikan penyakit hawar pelepah dan memacu pertumbuhan tanaman pada tanaman jagung. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan 8 perlakuan meliputi Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor BB.R1, Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor PPD.B5, Bacillus spp. BB.R3, Bacillus spp. BK.R5, Bacillus spp. BB.B4, Bacillus spp. BK.A1, serta fungisida (fluopikolid 6% + propineb 67%) dan kontrol. Variabel yang diamati meliputi masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, AUDPC, jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, bobot tanaman segar dan kering, bobot akar segar dan kering, serta panjang akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bakteri antagonis asal rizosfer dan endofit mampu menekan penyakit hawar pelepah jagung, dengan menurunkan intensitas penyakit sebesar 42,87-85,69% dan AUDPC 53,19-87,23%. Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3 serta Bacillus spp. BB.B4 mampu meningkatkan beberapa komponen pertumbuhan tanaman jagung antara 9,5-40,49%. Bakteri Pseudomonas spp. pendar fluor BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3 serta Bacillus spp. BB.B4 memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendali penyakit hawar pelepah jagung serta mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung. ABSTRACTThe efforts to increase maize production in Indonesia experienced several constraints, including the infection of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, the cause of sheath blight disease. Biological control, with antagonistic bacteria from indigenous maize, can be used to control maize sheath blight disease. This study was aimed to determine the ability of fluorescent Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. to control sheath blight and promote plant growth in maize. The study used a randomized complete block design with eight treatments, including the fluorescent Pseudomonas BB.R1, fluorescent Pseudomonas PPD.B5, Bacillus spp. BB.R3, Bacillus spp. BK. R5, Bacillus spp. BB.B4, Bacillus spp. BK.A1, fungicides (fluopicolide 6% + propineb 67%) and controls. Variables observed including incubation period, disease intensity, AUDPC, number of leaves, plant height, fresh and dry plant weight, fresh and dry root weight, and root length. The results showed that antagonist bacteria could suppress maize sheath blight by reducing disease intensity from 42.87 to 85.69% and AUDPC from 53.19 to 87.23%. Fluorescent Pseudomonas BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3, and Bacillus spp. BB.B4 increased several components of maize growth from 9.50 to 40.49 %. The fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. BB.R1, Bacillus spp. BB.R3 and Bacillus spp. BB.B4 potentially utilized to control sheath blight disease and promote plant growth in ma","PeriodicalId":34207,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Agro Industri Perkebunan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91302459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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