Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization最新文献

{"title":"The Influence Of Jalal Al-Din Rumi’s Thoughts In Rumi Diplomacy","authors":"None Alessandro Kurniawan Ulung, None Clemontin Cornelia Monica Jannah","doi":"10.33086/jic.v5i1.3981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v5i1.3981","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the thoughts of renowned Sufi poet Jalal Al-din Rumi behind Rumi Diplomacy, rolled out by Fadjroel Rachman, Indonesian Ambassador to Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. Rumi Diplomacy takes place in a way that the ambassador uses Rumi’s works to enhance bilateral ties with Tajikistan. Rumi Diplomacy implies that the ambassador considers Rumi’s thoughts soft power in his foreign policy. This study uses a qualitative method, with the theory of foreign-policy analysis by Harold and Margaret Sprout in place. This theory enables the author to find that Rumi’s thoughts on religious moderation, universal love, and universal faith influenced Rachman’s psychological environment to perceive such thoughts as soft power to reach Indonesia’s national interests in Tajikistan. It means that he considers the development of Rumi’s influence in Indonesia as the operational environment in making his foreign policy. To identify and understand his psychological and operational environments, the author interviewed the ambassador, read Rumi’s works, and reviewed the literature. This study, which is the first to research Rumi Diplomacy, contributes to shedding light thatin international politics, literature work should not be overlooked because it can also affect the decision-making process and help a country reach national interests without coercion.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136100951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review Trend of Learning Methods for Reading the Kitab Kuning at Pesantren (2000-2022)","authors":"Muhamad Arif, Makmur Harun, Mohd Kasturi Nor bin Abd Aziz","doi":"10.33086/jic.v4i2.3578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v4i2.3578","url":null,"abstract":"This research provides a critical analysis of several methods for learning to read the yellow book (Kitab Kuning), as well as research results published in national and international databases of journals and proceedings. Regarding the study results that generate discussions on one or two methods for reading the yellow book. Starting with this, researchers are interested in conducting critical analysis with the aid of unrecorded space and the necessity for more research using a systematic literature review. As a fresh (targeted) perspective taken by academics on how Islamic educational institutions (Islamic boarding schools-non-Islamic boarding schools) established the yellow book reading method in the 21st century. In addition, researchers need precise data on the performance of the yellow book reading approach based on 21st-century study findings. This study employs qualitative methods in conjunction with a systematic literature review approach, including collecting online article data from many national and international databases. Scopus, Sciencedirect, Emerald, Crossref, and Google Scholar are other examples. The researchers employed a variety of keywords, including \"the yellow book (kitab kuning) reading technique/ yellow book (kitab kuning) method\", \" yellow book (kitab kuning)\", \"Islamic boarding school/pesantren\", and \"how to read the yellow book (kitab kuning)/how to read the yellow book (kitab kuning)\" with a range of years. 2000-2022. The outcomes of this study indicate that the yellow book reading technique in the twenty-first century is undergoing rapid advances, such as the process of maximizing a mix of ancient and modern ways, such as the Al-miftah lil ulum, Ibtida'I, Tamyiz, and Amtsilati methods. With traditional procedures, such as: sorogan, bandongan, mudzakarah, muhafadzah, talaqqi, halaqah and tarqib.\u0000Penelitian ini akan menyampaikan analisis kritis dari berbagai metode belajar baca kitab kuning, sebagaimana hasil riset yang sudah terpublikasikan pada data base jurnal/procedding nasional dan internasional. Tentang temuan hasil penelitian yang kecenderungan melakukan pembahasan pada satu atau dua metode baca kitab kuning. Berawal dari sinilah peneliti berminat untuk melakukan analisis kritis dengan dukungan adanya ruang kosong yang belum tertulis dan perlu adanya riset lanjutan (menggunakan: systematic literature review). Sebagaimana sudut pandang baru (terfokus) yang diambil peneliti tentang bagaimana trand metode baca kitab kuning yang dikembangkan oleh lembaga pendidikan islam (pesantren-non pesantren) di abad 21. Selain itu, peneliti ingin mendapatkan data akurat dari keberhasilan metode baca kitab kuning berdasarkan hasil riset di abad 21. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan systematic literature review, yaitu dengan menggumpulkan data artikel publikasi secara online di beberapa databesed nasional dan internasional. Seperti; Scopus, Sciencedirect, Emerald, crossreff dan Google Scholar. Beberap","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"241 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75309450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Mujahadah and Syaja'ah Personal Morals in the Perspective of Islamic Education","authors":"Reni Sasmita, Waharjani","doi":"10.33086/jic.v4i2.3635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v4i2.3635","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to examine and describe how students practice mujahadah and syaja'ah morals. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a library approach. The morals of mujahadah and syaja'ah need to be instilled in a Muslim. By having the behavior of mujahadah and syaja'ah, Muslims will have the fighting spirit (to be serious) and the courage to carry out all good deeds, both in being severe in fighting lust, doing Amar ma'ruf, and leaving nahi mungkar. They will also have courage in defending the truth, separating the rights from vanity, and fighting against the passions and jihad in the way of Allah. As for implementing mujahadah and syaja'ah morals in oneself, children have a strong determination (determination) in studying and carrying out worship and avoiding prohibitions, the courage to express their opinions in public, and the courage to fight evil that occurs around them. As a result, people with mujahadah and syaja'ah morals are also optimistic, patient, responsible, never giving up, trusting, and sincere.\u0000Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan memaparkan implementasi akhlak mujahadah dan syaja’ah dalam diri peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepustakaan. Akhlak mujahadah dan syaja’ah perlu untuk ditanamkan dalam diri seorang muslim. Dengan memiliki perilaku mujahadah dan syaja’ah maka umat Islam akan memiliki daya juang (bersungguh-sungguh ) dan memiliki keberanian dalam melaksanakan segala amalan-amalan kebaikan, baik  dalam bersungguh-sungguh dalam melawan hawa nafsu, mengerjakan amar ma’ruf dan meninggalkan nahi mungkar, memiliki kebranian dalam membela kebenaran, memisahkan yang hak an batil dan keberanian dalam berperang melawan hawa nafsu dan berjihad di jalan Allah. Adapun implementasi dari akhlak mujahadah dan syaja’ah dalam diri adalah anak memiliki kesungguhan (tekat) yang kuat dalam menuntut ilmu maupun melaksanakan ibadah-ibadah dan menjauhi larangannya, memiliki keberanian dalam mengungkapkan keberanian dan berpendapat di depan umum, dan berani dalam melawan kemungkaran yang terjadi di sekitarnya. Sehingga orang yang memiliki akhlak mujahadah dan syaja’ah juga memiliki optimis yang tinggi, sabar, bertanggung jawab, pantang menyerah, tawakal dan ikhlas.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81464504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and Animals in Elif Şafak’s 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in this Strange World Novel","authors":"Hasnul Insani Djohar, Rifa Fajri Adhania","doi":"10.14421/skijic.v5i2.2387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v5i2.2387","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the representation of the 20th-century Turkish patriarchal system in Elif Șafak’s 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in this Strange World (2019) novel. It also evaluates how the novel describes the sufferings and the resistance towards oppression through the portrayal of animals subtly linked to gender issues. The approach used in this research is qualitative and presented in descriptive form. The data is collected through phrases referring to animals supporting or resisting the patriarchal authority. This study was framed by the animal metaphor theory and theory of the patriarchal structures proposed by Sylvia Walby (1990). The result of the study discovered that Elif Șafak uses five animal expressions to represent women's sufferings, powerlessness, and lack of freedom, such as wild animal, ram and lamb, pigeon, duck, and rabbits. Contrary, the superior position of men is represented by the mosquito. On the other hand, the wolf is the only animal metaphor that expresses society's opposition to patriarchal power. Meanwhile, bird and butterfly serve as symbols of freedom. However, this study also discovered that there are six animal metaphors formulated against the system that are also subject to oppression and exploitation, such as cat, deer, blue betta fish, horse, turtle, and spider. All in all, almost all the characters depicted as animals in the novel are victims of the 20th-century Turkish patriarchal system and gender issues covering all six aspects of Walby's theory.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45264366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving North: Intra-Racial Conflicts, White Resistance, And Radicalism of New Negroes in Harlem and Chicago","authors":"Muhammad Beni Saputra","doi":"10.14421/skijic.v5i2.1954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v5i2.1954","url":null,"abstract":"In the early twentieth century there was an essential period in the history of the United States called the Great Migration, during which a large number of Blacks from the southern states of America and the islands in the Caribbean moved to northern cities of the country. These black people migrated simply because 'of the impact of the war on the labor market' which 'stopped the flow of European immigrants' and of the fact that jobs in northern cities had a better pay than those in the South. From many destinations, Harlem and Chicago were among the most favored ones. This essay aims to examine the motivations and experiences of New Negroes in Harlem and Chicago as these two cities drew much attention to Blacks in the Southern cities of America as well as in the Caribbean. This essay argues that the influx of Blacks to Harlem and Chicago created intra-racial conflicts within black communities and resistance from white people. Yet all the disputes and problems faced by New Negroes in Harlem and Chicago inspired them to fight actively by organizing themselves in order to find workable solutions.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46431752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masjid as an Institution of Reforming Almajiri Education System: A Policy Option for State Governments in Northern Nigeria","authors":"Saidu Ahmad Dukawa, Abbo usman, Umar Jibrilu Gwandu","doi":"10.14421/skijic.v5i2.2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v5i2.2236","url":null,"abstract":"One of the critical issues bedeviling the Muslim community in Northern Nigeria is the current trend of the Almajiri system of education where children at tender age are made to excruciatingly fend for themselves in the name of search of Islamic knowledge. This has become a source of concern as the children are not only deprived of their basic rights of healthy and decent living, but are also prone to many misdemeanors. Numerous governmental and (non-) faith-based organizations have been struggling to transform the system. This paper highlights the crucial role of Masaajid as a rallying point for Muslims; for prayers, study cycles, holding meetings, conflict resolution, contracting marriages, offering charity, provision of shelter to the destitute, among others. Hence, the paper brings into limelight ways in which Masaajid in Northern Nigeria can be used through zakah and waqf, contribution of philanthropists and other stakeholders in reforming the Almajri system of education through the use of masaajid as alternative school system thereby implementing better ways of eradicating the scourge. The paper concludes that masaajid provide veritable alternatives for result-oriented learning in serene and descent atmosphere devoid of inhumane treatment and in conformity with the pristine teachings of Islam.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47155696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Islam Wasathiyah of KH. Abdurrahman Wahid in the Islamic Political Arena","authors":"Raha Bistara, Farkhan Fuady","doi":"10.33086/jic.v4i2.3611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v4i2.3611","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia as a pluralistic country and has a variety of cultures, ethnicities, races, religions and so on. Making it a pluralistic country and it is important to maintain the unity and integrity of the nation. In dealing with the plurality of the Islamic concept of wasathiyah, it is important to implement it today. Moreover, political issues, especially Islam, will be more complex. Seeing this, Abdurraman Wahid as a Muslim scholar paid attention to creating an atmosphere of peace in the midst of differences. By using qualitative methods and library research approach. This means that this research is a library research, where the data source comes from the library. The analysis used is descriptive and historical analysis, it is useful to provide a clearer picture of the concept of Islam wasathiyah Abdurrahman Wahid. The results of this study found that Abdurrahman Wahid argued that Washatiyah Islam was middle, not extreme. Meanwhile, Abdurrahaman Wahid's Islamic politics is also very relevant to be applied in Indonesia. Even though Indonesia is a plural country that has various religions. To achieve moderate and fair conduct in the life of the nation and state is a mandatory requirement in efforts to maintain peace in Indonesia in particular and world peace in general.\u0000Indonesia sebagai negara yang majemuk dan memiliki berbagai macam budaya, suku, ras, agama dan lain sebagainya. Menjadikanya negara yang plural dan penting untuk menjaga kesatuan dan persatuan bangsa. Dalam menghadapi kemajemukan konsep Islam wasathiyah menjadi penting untuk di implementasikan dimasa sekarang. Telebih lagi mengenai permasalahan politik khususnya Islam akan lebih kompleks. Melihat tersebut Abdurraman Wahid sebagai cendekiawan muslim memberikan perhatian untuk menciptakan suasana damai ditengah perbedaan. Dengan menggunakan metode kualiatif dan pendekatan library reaserch. Berarti penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka, yang mana sumber data bersumber dari pustaka. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan historis, hal tersebut berguna untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas mengenai konsep Islam wasathiyah Abdurrahman Wahid. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dipaparkan Abdurrahman Wahid berpendapat bahwa Islam washatiyah merupakan tengah-tengah, tidak bersikap ektrim. Sedangkan Gagasan politik Islam Abdurrahaman wahid juga sangat relevan diterapkan di Indonesia. Walaupun Indonesia sebagai negara plural yang memiliki berbagai agama. Sehingga bersikap moderat dan berlaku adil dalam hidup berbangsa dan bernegara menjadi syarat wajib dalam upaya menjaga perdamaian di Indonesia khususnya dan perdamaian dunia pada umumnya.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78264256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of the Ansor Youth Movement in the Indonesian National Movement in 1934-1950","authors":"Hartono, A. Subekti","doi":"10.33086/jic.v4i2.3215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v4i2.3215","url":null,"abstract":"As an NU wing organisation, GP Ansor was born with various dynamics of its long journey. The birth of GP Ansor was inspired by the spirit of nationalism to achieve Indonesian independence. GP Ansor was born with two main missions, namely religious and national missions. This article aims to examine the history of the birth of GP Ansor and his various contributions in the journey of the Indonesian nation. The method used in this research is the historical research method. This method consists of, Heuristics, Source Criticism, Interpretation and Historiography. The sources used in this research are scientific articles, archives, documents, books, newspapers, thesis and other relevant sources. These sources are analysed and studied in depth to obtain a clearer picture. The results of this study concluded that GP Ansor is an organisation that has a major contribution to the Indonesian national movement. GP Ansor made various efforts to win and defend Indonesia's independence.  These efforts were carried out intensively, consistently and continuously as a tangible proof of GP Ansor's contribution in fulfilling his national mission.\u0000Sebagai organisasi sayap NU, GP Ansor lahir dengan berbagai dinamika perjalanannya yang panjang. Kelahiran GP Ansor diilhami oleh semangat nasionalisme untuk meraih kemerdekaan Indonesia. GP Ansor lahir dengan mengemban dua misi utama yakni misi keagamaan dan kebangsaan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelisik sejarah kelahiran GP Ansor dan berbagai kontribusinya dalam perjalanan bangsa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah. Metode ini terdiri atas, Heuristik, Kritik Sumber, Intepretasi dan Historiografi. Sumber-Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah artikel ilmiah, arsip, dokumen, buku, surat kabar, skripsi dan sumber-sumber lain yang relevan. Sumber-sumber tersebut dianalisi dan dikaji secara mendalam untuk memperoleh gambaran yang lebih jelas. Hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa GP Ansor adalah organisasi yang memiliki kontribusi besar dalam pergerakan kebangsaan Indonesia. GP Ansor melakukan berbagai upaya di dalam merebut dan mempertahankan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Upaya tersebut dilakukan secara intensif, konsisten dan berkesinambungan sebagai bukti nyata kontribusi GP Ansor dalam menjalankan misi kebangsaannya. ","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79676194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Hamka and Quraish Shihab's Interpretation: Application of Gadamer's Hermeneutics in Qs. Al-Maidah [5]: 51","authors":"I'syatul Luthfi, Raisa Zuhra Salsabila Awaluddin, Safri Nurjannah, Moh. Isbat Alfan Ghoffari","doi":"10.33086/jic.v4i2.3584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v4i2.3584","url":null,"abstract":"Hamka and Quraish Shihab have a different understanding of the interpretation of QS. al-Maidah [51]. Hamka interprets this verse as an absolute prohibition of making non-Muslims as leaders. While Quraish Shihab interprets this verse not as an absolute prohibition, so that Quraish Shihab argues may make non-Muslims as leaders with certain conditions. This article will analyze the factors causing the differences in their interpretations with Gadamer's hermeneutic approach. Gadamer's hermeneutics is chosen because for Gadamer the result of understanding or interpretation is strongly influenced by the author's pre-understanding and context. In analyzing an interpretation, Gadamer considers four things, namely Consciousness Influenced by History, Pre-understanding, Hermeneutic Circle and assimilation and Application. After analyzing the interpretations of Hamka and Quraish Shihab using Gadamer's Hermeneutics theory, it can be concluded that the differences in their interpretations are influenced by the context of their lives and different educational backgrounds. Hamka lived when political relations in Indonesia between Muslims and non-Muslims were tense. Meanwhile, Quraish Shihab lived when politics in Indonesia was no longer heated and the lives of Muslims and non-Muslims in Indonesia were harmonious. Analysis of interpretation by considering the author's horizon encourages the creation of objectivity in assessing a work of interpretation.\u0000Hamka dan Quraish Shihab memiliki pemahaman yang berbeda mengenai penafsiran QS. al-Maidah [51]. Hamka menafsirkan ayat ini sebagai larangan mutlak menjadikan non-Muslim sebagai pemimpin. Sedangkan Quraish Shihab menafsirkan ayat ini bukan sebagai larangan mutlak, sehingga Quraish Shihab berpendapat boleh menjadikan non-Muslim sebagai pemimpin dengan syarat tertentu. Artikel ini akan menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab perbedaan penafsiran mereka dengan pendekatan hermeneutika Gadamer. Hermeneutika Gadamer dipilih karena bagi Gadamer hasil pemahaman atau  interpretasi sangat di pengaruhi oleh pra-pemahaman dan konteks pengarang. Dalam menganalisis sebuah interpretasi, Gadamer mempetimbangkan empat hal, yaitu Consciousness Influenced by History, Pre-understanding, Hermeneutic Circle and assimilation and Application. Setelah menganalisis penafsiran Hamka dan Quraish Shihab menggunakan teori Hermeneutika Gadamer dapati disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan penafsiran mereka dipengaruhi oleh  konteks kehidupn dan backroug pendidikan yang berbeda. Hamka hidup saat hubungan politik di Indonesia antar Muslim dan non-Muslim tengah tegang. Sedangkan Quraish Shihab hidup di saat politik di Indonesia tidak lagi memanas dan kehidupan muslin dan non-muslim di Indonesia sudah harmonis. Analisis penafsiran dengan mempertimbangkan horizon pengarang mendorong terciptanya objektif dalam menilai sebuah karya tafsir.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82628300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Declining Muslim Religious Levels in the Middle East and North Africa Region","authors":"Tasya Rachmadila Ramadhani, I. Anshori","doi":"10.33086/jic.v4i2.3745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v4i2.3745","url":null,"abstract":"At present it seems that the religiousness of Muslims is decreasing more and more. This can be seen from the increasing number of Muslims with liberal views and also by the increasing number of atheism, especially in the Middle East and North Africa. The causes and how the decline in the quality of reverberation, especially in areas where the majority are Muslim, will be discussed in this article. This research will use the literature study method by looking for various sources of available statistical data and surveys. Even though the countries in the region are Islamic countries, the research results show that even though the number of Muslim populations is increasing every year, the religiousness of the people in the region has decreased dramatically, especially after the end of the Arab Spring in 2011.\u0000Di masa sekarang tampaknya kereligiusan umat muslim semakin lama semakin menurun. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari semakin banyaknya umat muslim yang berpandangan liberal dan juga dengan meningkatnya jumlah ateisme khususnya di kawasan timur tengah dan afrika utara. Penyebab dan bagaimana turunnya kualitas bergama khususnya di kawasan yang mayoritas beragama islam tersebut akan menjadi pembahasan dalam artikel ini. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan mencari berbagai sumber data statistik dan survei yang telah tersedia. Walaupun negara-negara di kawasan tersebut adalah negara islam, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun jumlah populasi umat muslim setiap tahunnya semakin bertambah banyak, tetapi kereligiusan masyarakat di kawasan tersebut semakin menurun secara dramatis terutama setelah berakhirnya arab spring pada tahun 2011.","PeriodicalId":34249,"journal":{"name":"Sunan Kalijaga International Journal of Islamic Civilization","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80652791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}