Context: Menstruation is a physiological process that occurs naturally and needs to be managed appropriately. Hygienic menstrual practices, such as the use of sanitary pads, are crucial during menstruation. Adolescent girls are prone to emotional and physical challenges during their menstruation days because of a lack of knowledge and proper sanitary facilities. Aims: This study was sought to investigate the age at menarche, menstrual pattern, menstrual hygiene practice and association with psychological stress in adolescent girls in North India. Settings and Design: This was a retrospective descriptive hospital-based study including 150 adolescent girls attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care centre in North India from April 2022 to September 2022. Subjects and Methods: The data were collected retrospectively from the registry system. Statistical Analysis Used: A descriptive research design using frequency, percentage and mean with standard deviation was used to collect and analyse the data using SPPSS-22 software. Results: Approximately, 47% of adolescent girls were unaware of menarche, and most of the girls were baffled by menarche. The majority of information about menstruation was gathered from mothers. During menstruation, exclusion and embarrassment lead to misconceptions and unsanitary practices. Instead of seeking medical advice, girls prefer to skip school, self-medicate and limit social contact. Conclusions: Adolescent girls’ health education must include learning about proper menstrual hygiene and psychological counselling to maintain hygienic habits and prevent absenteeism in school.
{"title":"Menstrual pattern and menstrual hygiene in adolescent girls in North India: A hospital-based study","authors":"Pragya Shree, Jigyasa Singh, Shalini Singh, Vandana Verma","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_32_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_32_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Menstruation is a physiological process that occurs naturally and needs to be managed appropriately. Hygienic menstrual practices, such as the use of sanitary pads, are crucial during menstruation. Adolescent girls are prone to emotional and physical challenges during their menstruation days because of a lack of knowledge and proper sanitary facilities. Aims: This study was sought to investigate the age at menarche, menstrual pattern, menstrual hygiene practice and association with psychological stress in adolescent girls in North India. Settings and Design: This was a retrospective descriptive hospital-based study including 150 adolescent girls attending the outpatient department of a tertiary care centre in North India from April 2022 to September 2022. Subjects and Methods: The data were collected retrospectively from the registry system. Statistical Analysis Used: A descriptive research design using frequency, percentage and mean with standard deviation was used to collect and analyse the data using SPPSS-22 software. Results: Approximately, 47% of adolescent girls were unaware of menarche, and most of the girls were baffled by menarche. The majority of information about menstruation was gathered from mothers. During menstruation, exclusion and embarrassment lead to misconceptions and unsanitary practices. Instead of seeking medical advice, girls prefer to skip school, self-medicate and limit social contact. Conclusions: Adolescent girls’ health education must include learning about proper menstrual hygiene and psychological counselling to maintain hygienic habits and prevent absenteeism in school.","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dexmedetomidine for prevention of post-anaesthesia emergence delirium in paediatric day case surgery patients: A clinical audit","authors":"GopinathKenkare Chowdappa, PrasadPadmakar Kulkarni, AhmadNabil Mohammad Hamdy Ahmad, Salini Joju, Anirudha Koratkar, JustinArun Kumar, JameelullaAleemulla Shariff, ManjushaDinkar Shenfad Hatkar Bodhey, AteeqAhmed Rafeeq Ahmed Tayalur","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_73_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_73_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Untreated dental problems can have a negative impact on the health and well-being of affected individuals, and delayed treatment would lead to serious oral problems. The outbreak of COVID-19 has shut down many dental care services, and this has deferred dental treatment for many. Assessing the effect of pending dental treatment will clarify the role and importance of dental services in maintaining and controlling oral health. Aims and Objectives: This study was carried out to explore the impact of COVID-19 on pending dental treatment among United Arab Emirates (UAE) residents. Assessing the importance of dental services, studying patients' self-management of symptoms, comparing the most affected categories, and determining the demand of developing a forward strategy in case of a future pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed using a pre-tested questionnaire published in an online survey among UAE residents that included participants from all seven emirates. Consent was conducted from each participant after ensuring anonymity and confidentiality. The collected responses were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Appropriate tests of significance were used, and a P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The analysis showed about 34.2% of the participants had pending dental treatment due to COVID-19. The most deferred treatment was orthodontic treatment by 18.6% of participants. The commonly affected oral region was the teeth, where toothache was the most reported oral symptom. Conclusion: The findings showed that the pandemic had a significant impact on the dental health of UAE residents due to postponed treatment. It is suggested to raise the level of awareness and the shifting of the dental care paradigm to preventive strategies has to be developed according to the new guidelines focusing on reducing the risk factors of oral cancer. The new strategies emphasise dental health promotion, topical fluorides and nutritious diet. Oral health messaging and actions should be incorporated in pediatric offices and primary health-care facilities. Moreover, allocate mandatory periodic dental checkups for compromised patients. Dentists should consider alternative strategies to address these deferred treatments during such pandemics.
{"title":"Impact of pending dental treatments on patient's oral health during COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Nabiha Remmani, Ohoud Alraeesi, R. Alajmi","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_79_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_79_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Untreated dental problems can have a negative impact on the health and well-being of affected individuals, and delayed treatment would lead to serious oral problems. The outbreak of COVID-19 has shut down many dental care services, and this has deferred dental treatment for many. Assessing the effect of pending dental treatment will clarify the role and importance of dental services in maintaining and controlling oral health. Aims and Objectives: This study was carried out to explore the impact of COVID-19 on pending dental treatment among United Arab Emirates (UAE) residents. Assessing the importance of dental services, studying patients' self-management of symptoms, comparing the most affected categories, and determining the demand of developing a forward strategy in case of a future pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed using a pre-tested questionnaire published in an online survey among UAE residents that included participants from all seven emirates. Consent was conducted from each participant after ensuring anonymity and confidentiality. The collected responses were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Appropriate tests of significance were used, and a P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The analysis showed about 34.2% of the participants had pending dental treatment due to COVID-19. The most deferred treatment was orthodontic treatment by 18.6% of participants. The commonly affected oral region was the teeth, where toothache was the most reported oral symptom. Conclusion: The findings showed that the pandemic had a significant impact on the dental health of UAE residents due to postponed treatment. It is suggested to raise the level of awareness and the shifting of the dental care paradigm to preventive strategies has to be developed according to the new guidelines focusing on reducing the risk factors of oral cancer. The new strategies emphasise dental health promotion, topical fluorides and nutritious diet. Oral health messaging and actions should be incorporated in pediatric offices and primary health-care facilities. Moreover, allocate mandatory periodic dental checkups for compromised patients. Dentists should consider alternative strategies to address these deferred treatments during such pandemics.","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"32 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46693752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rationale: Primary mesenteric leiomyosarcoma is a very rare finding. It is seen predominantly in the seventh decade and is very rare in the young. Fine needle aspiration cytology is the initial diagnostic procedure in soft tissue lesions, followed by excision biopsy. Patient Concerns: Herein, we present a rare case of primary multiple mesenteric leiomyosarcoma in a 19 year old female, who presented with abdominal lump and pain since the last 4 months. Diagnosis: CT scan of abdomen showed multiple large multiloculated masses in the sub-hepatic space and sub-diaphragmatic region, which seemed to be arising from the mesentery. The uterus and cervix were normal. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass revealed fascicles of spindled cells with elongated, blunt ended fusiform nuclei admixed with dispersed cells or stripped nuclei. Some cells showed pleomorphism with occasional intranuclear vacuoles. Grossly the resected specimen was multiple nodular, brown, soft to firm, with the largest measuring 8.5x8x2.5 cm and the smallest 2.2x2.2x1 cm in size. On microscopic examination, sections showed fascicular pattern of atypical spindle cells having cigar shaped nuclei showing pleomorphism and eosinophilic fibrillary cytoplasm with 1-2 mitotic figures/10HPF. Immunohistochemistry with SMA showed strong diffuse cytoplasmic positivity and desmin showed mild focal cytoplasmic positivity in the tumor cells. A diagnosis consistent with primary multiple mesenteric leiomyosarcoma was given. Interventions: Wide surgical excision of the mass lesion was performed. The patient was subsequently administered 6 cycles of 5- Fluorouracil based chemotherapy. Outcomes: She is recovering well after 2 month of follow up period. Lessons: Our case will widen the vision of both physicians and pathologists to consider the possibility of primary mesenteric leiomyosarcoma in young females, presenting without any involvement of female genital tract, thus guide in the proper diagnosis and management of such lesions.
{"title":"Multiple leiomyosarcomatous lesions arising from the mesentery in a young female: An unusual rare case presentation","authors":"K. Akhtar, Aprajita Sinha, S. Usman, Zohra Naheed","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_81_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_81_22","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: Primary mesenteric leiomyosarcoma is a very rare finding. It is seen predominantly in the seventh decade and is very rare in the young. Fine needle aspiration cytology is the initial diagnostic procedure in soft tissue lesions, followed by excision biopsy. Patient Concerns: Herein, we present a rare case of primary multiple mesenteric leiomyosarcoma in a 19 year old female, who presented with abdominal lump and pain since the last 4 months. Diagnosis: CT scan of abdomen showed multiple large multiloculated masses in the sub-hepatic space and sub-diaphragmatic region, which seemed to be arising from the mesentery. The uterus and cervix were normal. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass revealed fascicles of spindled cells with elongated, blunt ended fusiform nuclei admixed with dispersed cells or stripped nuclei. Some cells showed pleomorphism with occasional intranuclear vacuoles. Grossly the resected specimen was multiple nodular, brown, soft to firm, with the largest measuring 8.5x8x2.5 cm and the smallest 2.2x2.2x1 cm in size. On microscopic examination, sections showed fascicular pattern of atypical spindle cells having cigar shaped nuclei showing pleomorphism and eosinophilic fibrillary cytoplasm with 1-2 mitotic figures/10HPF. Immunohistochemistry with SMA showed strong diffuse cytoplasmic positivity and desmin showed mild focal cytoplasmic positivity in the tumor cells. A diagnosis consistent with primary multiple mesenteric leiomyosarcoma was given. Interventions: Wide surgical excision of the mass lesion was performed. The patient was subsequently administered 6 cycles of 5- Fluorouracil based chemotherapy. Outcomes: She is recovering well after 2 month of follow up period. Lessons: Our case will widen the vision of both physicians and pathologists to consider the possibility of primary mesenteric leiomyosarcoma in young females, presenting without any involvement of female genital tract, thus guide in the proper diagnosis and management of such lesions.","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"62 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47717330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walid Kaplan, Lynn Aloum, Noura Al Hassani, Fares Chedid
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the most common type of diabetes in children, is known to be globally undercontrolled. Factors related to insulin regimen, mode of treatment or glucose monitoring (GM) have been linked to affecting diabetes control. No one has looked at this data in the UAE Eastern Region. Aim: (i) Identify the demographics of children and adolescents with T1DM. (ii) Assess the level of diabetes control. (iii) Investigate the presence of comorbidities or complications and (iv) Explore the correlation between diabetes control and potential clinical or demographic factors. Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study for T1DM patients, ≤18 years, between January 2009 and June 2020 at a main tertiary hospital in the UAE Eastern Region. We calculated the average glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year (final) separately. The association of pre-selected variables with the average HbA1c of the final year of follow up was assessed by univariate analysis using independent samples t-test and ANOVA. Results: Out of 243 patients, 62.6% were UAE Nationals and 54.3% were female. The mean age, age at presentation and T1DM duration were 12.04 (3.91) years, 6.64 (3.88) years and 5.15 (3.69) years, respectively. The average (HbA1c) was 8.64% (1.58). Positive autoantibodies were reported in 76.4% of patients, 18.1% had a positive family history of T1DM and 38.8% presented with diabetic ketoacidosis. GM was done by intermittently-scanned continuous GM (isCGM), self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) and continuous GM (CGM) in 48%, 33% and 19% of the patients, respectively. Sixty-five percentage of patients were on multiple daily injections regimen and 44% had comorbidities or complications. HbA1c was higher in older patients, patients with positive family history of T1DM, and patients with less GM frequency. There was no difference in HbA1c regarding gender, nationality, treatment regimen or method of GM. Conclusion: T1DM in children and adolescents is undercontrolled in the Eastern Region of UAE. Factors associated with worse control are age, positive family history of T1DM, baseline HbA1c and less GM frequency, while gender, nationality, treatment regimen or method of GM had no correlation.
{"title":"The status of type 1 diabetes in children in the Eastern region of the UAE","authors":"Walid Kaplan, Lynn Aloum, Noura Al Hassani, Fares Chedid","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_8_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_8_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the most common type of diabetes in children, is known to be globally undercontrolled. Factors related to insulin regimen, mode of treatment or glucose monitoring (GM) have been linked to affecting diabetes control. No one has looked at this data in the UAE Eastern Region. Aim: (i) Identify the demographics of children and adolescents with T1DM. (ii) Assess the level of diabetes control. (iii) Investigate the presence of comorbidities or complications and (iv) Explore the correlation between diabetes control and potential clinical or demographic factors. Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study for T1DM patients, ≤18 years, between January 2009 and June 2020 at a main tertiary hospital in the UAE Eastern Region. We calculated the average glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd year (final) separately. The association of pre-selected variables with the average HbA1c of the final year of follow up was assessed by univariate analysis using independent samples t-test and ANOVA. Results: Out of 243 patients, 62.6% were UAE Nationals and 54.3% were female. The mean age, age at presentation and T1DM duration were 12.04 (3.91) years, 6.64 (3.88) years and 5.15 (3.69) years, respectively. The average (HbA1c) was 8.64% (1.58). Positive autoantibodies were reported in 76.4% of patients, 18.1% had a positive family history of T1DM and 38.8% presented with diabetic ketoacidosis. GM was done by intermittently-scanned continuous GM (isCGM), self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) and continuous GM (CGM) in 48%, 33% and 19% of the patients, respectively. Sixty-five percentage of patients were on multiple daily injections regimen and 44% had comorbidities or complications. HbA1c was higher in older patients, patients with positive family history of T1DM, and patients with less GM frequency. There was no difference in HbA1c regarding gender, nationality, treatment regimen or method of GM. Conclusion: T1DM in children and adolescents is undercontrolled in the Eastern Region of UAE. Factors associated with worse control are age, positive family history of T1DM, baseline HbA1c and less GM frequency, while gender, nationality, treatment regimen or method of GM had no correlation.","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135263308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the lumbosacral angle and the height of the lumbar vertebrae: A Nigerian radiological study","authors":"PrincessOghenesuvwe Enakpoya, BerylShitandi Ominde, JoyceEkeme Ikubor, OghenerukevweVictory Ogheneovo, PatrickSunday Igbigbi","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_74_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_74_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ratheesh Rajendran, SDelphine Priscilla Antony, Mohammed Ashik, M Ameena, ReniElizabeth Mammen, Shinu Saleem
Introduction: Restorative dentistry has recently changed its approach and now favours a conservative method that utilises remineralisation techniques as the best way to restore damaged tooth structure. Instead of relying on traditional restorative procedures, dentists are now focused on detecting and preventing tooth decay at an early stage to preserve the tooth and avoid costly and painful treatments for the patient. This new preventive approach is more efficient for the dentist and more beneficial for the patient.This systematic review aimed to investigate and map the evidence of the remineralization potential of Strontiumdoped nanohydroxyapatite (Sr-nHAP) in dental applications and explore its use as a novel toothpaste. Material and Methods: The authors conducted a literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, using MeSH terms and keywords related to strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite and dentifrices. The search was conducted on publications between January 2012 and February 2023. Inclusion criteria were studies that researched the impact of Sr-nHAP mineralization on hard dental tissues and those that used Sr-nHAP in dental applications. Exclusion criteria were studies that did not use Sr-nHAP or nHAP, and non-English publications. Results: Out of the 2685 publications initially identified, 7 studies were included in the review. The results showed that the use of Sr-nHAP in dental applications improved remineralization potential and antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the substitution of strontium enhanced the antibacterial properties and the ability to promote remineralization, making Sr-nHAP a promising material for toothpaste. Result: The systematic review found that the use of Sr-nHAP in dental applications could be a promising technique to prevent disease progression, improve aesthetics, strength, and function of non-cavitated caries lesions. Sr-nHAP showed better remineralization potential than traditional fluoride and was effective in reducing tooth sensitivity and blocking dentin tubules. Sr-nHAP was also found to have improved antimicrobial activity against major causes of periodontal disease. Discussion: Sr-nHAP could be a promising material for toothpaste due to its remineralization potential, antibacterial activity, and deep curing depth, which would help prevent dental caries and periodontal disease. Sr-nHAP has the potential to provide a conservative approach to restorative dentistry, avoiding costly and painful treatments for the patient, and providing an efficient approach for the dentist.
简介:修复牙科最近改变了它的方法，现在倾向于使用再矿化技术作为修复受损牙齿结构的最佳方法的保守方法。牙医们现在不再依赖传统的修复程序，而是专注于在早期发现和预防蛀牙，以保护牙齿，避免对病人进行昂贵和痛苦的治疗。这种新的预防方法对牙医更有效，对病人也更有益。本系统综述旨在调查和绘制锶掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石(Sr-nHAP)在牙科应用中的再矿化潜力的证据，并探索其作为新型牙膏的用途。材料和方法:作者使用与锶掺杂纳米羟基磷灰石和牙垢相关的MeSH术语和关键词，使用PubMed、Google Scholar和Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials进行了文献检索。研究对象是2012年1月至2023年2月之间的出版物。纳入标准是研究Sr-nHAP矿化对牙硬组织的影响以及在牙科应用中使用Sr-nHAP的研究。排除标准为未使用Sr-nHAP或nHAP的研究，以及非英文出版物。结果:在最初确定的2685篇出版物中，有7篇研究纳入了本综述。结果表明，在牙科应用中使用Sr-nHAP可以提高再矿化潜力和抗菌活性。此外，锶的取代提高了锶的抗菌性能和促进再矿化的能力，使Sr-nHAP成为牙膏的有前途的材料。结果:系统综述发现，Sr-nHAP在牙科应用中可能是一种有前途的技术，可以预防疾病进展，改善美观，强度和非空化龋病变的功能。与传统氟化物相比，Sr-nHAP具有更好的再矿化潜力，并能有效降低牙齿敏感性和阻断牙本质小管。研究还发现，Sr-nHAP对牙周病的主要病因具有更好的抗菌活性。讨论:Sr-nHAP因其再矿化潜力、抗菌活性和深层固化深度，有助于预防龋齿和牙周病，可能是一种很有前途的牙膏材料。Sr-nHAP有潜力为恢复性牙科提供一种保守的方法，避免了病人昂贵和痛苦的治疗，并为牙医提供了一种有效的方法。
{"title":"The remineralization potential of strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite in dental applications- A systematic review","authors":"Ratheesh Rajendran, SDelphine Priscilla Antony, Mohammed Ashik, M Ameena, ReniElizabeth Mammen, Shinu Saleem","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_70_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_70_23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Restorative dentistry has recently changed its approach and now favours a conservative method that utilises remineralisation techniques as the best way to restore damaged tooth structure. Instead of relying on traditional restorative procedures, dentists are now focused on detecting and preventing tooth decay at an early stage to preserve the tooth and avoid costly and painful treatments for the patient. This new preventive approach is more efficient for the dentist and more beneficial for the patient.This systematic review aimed to investigate and map the evidence of the remineralization potential of Strontiumdoped nanohydroxyapatite (Sr-nHAP) in dental applications and explore its use as a novel toothpaste. Material and Methods: The authors conducted a literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, using MeSH terms and keywords related to strontium-doped nanohydroxyapatite and dentifrices. The search was conducted on publications between January 2012 and February 2023. Inclusion criteria were studies that researched the impact of Sr-nHAP mineralization on hard dental tissues and those that used Sr-nHAP in dental applications. Exclusion criteria were studies that did not use Sr-nHAP or nHAP, and non-English publications. Results: Out of the 2685 publications initially identified, 7 studies were included in the review. The results showed that the use of Sr-nHAP in dental applications improved remineralization potential and antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the substitution of strontium enhanced the antibacterial properties and the ability to promote remineralization, making Sr-nHAP a promising material for toothpaste. Result: The systematic review found that the use of Sr-nHAP in dental applications could be a promising technique to prevent disease progression, improve aesthetics, strength, and function of non-cavitated caries lesions. Sr-nHAP showed better remineralization potential than traditional fluoride and was effective in reducing tooth sensitivity and blocking dentin tubules. Sr-nHAP was also found to have improved antimicrobial activity against major causes of periodontal disease. Discussion: Sr-nHAP could be a promising material for toothpaste due to its remineralization potential, antibacterial activity, and deep curing depth, which would help prevent dental caries and periodontal disease. Sr-nHAP has the potential to provide a conservative approach to restorative dentistry, avoiding costly and painful treatments for the patient, and providing an efficient approach for the dentist.","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135269138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Herpes zoster co-infection and the current COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Irfan Altaf","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_77_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_77_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Sasikumar, Madhumita Ramakrishnan, M. Varghese, S. Rajan
{"title":"Management of general anaesthesia in a patient with beta thalassaemia major","authors":"N. Sasikumar, Madhumita Ramakrishnan, M. Varghese, S. Rajan","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_70_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_70_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"66 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46836141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Identifying pregnancies that are at an increased risk of pre-eclampsia is challenging. The present study was done to determine the role of maternal thyroid function for predicting the development of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted for 18 months on 200 patients. The patients were tested for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, mIU/L), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO, IU/mL) antibodies and free thyroxine (FT4, ng/dL) at 11–18 weeks of pregnancy. After 20 weeks, the development of pre-eclampsia was assessed. Results: Amongst 200 patients, 38 (19%) developed pre-eclampsia. Patients with pre-eclampsia had significantly higher TSH (7.15 vs. 2.54 mIU/L, P < 0.0001), significantly lower FT4 (0.93 vs. 1.12 ng/dL, P < 0.0001) and significantly higher anti-TPO (42.38 vs. 19.78 IU/mL, P = 0.001). TSH was the best predictor of pre-eclampsia at >5.68 mIU/L with 75% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: Thyroid profile derangement has a significant association with pre-eclampsia, and it can predict pre-eclampsia in early pregnancy with TSH levels being the best predictor.
目的:鉴别子痫前期风险增加的妊娠是具有挑战性的。本研究旨在确定母亲甲状腺功能在预测子痫前期发展中的作用。方法:对200例患者进行为期18个月的前瞻性观察队列研究。于妊娠11-18周检测促甲状腺激素(TSH, mIU/L)、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶(抗tpo, IU/mL)抗体和游离甲状腺素(FT4, ng/dL)。20周后，评估先兆子痫的发展情况。结果:200例患者中，38例(19%)发生先兆子痫。子痫前期患者TSH显著增高(7.15 vs. 2.54 mIU/L, P < 0.0001)， FT4显著降低(0.93 vs. 1.12 ng/dL, P < 0.0001)，抗tpo显著增高(42.38 vs. 19.78 IU/mL, P = 0.001)。TSH在>5.68 mIU/L时是先兆子痫的最佳预测因子，诊断准确率为75%。结论:甲状腺谱紊乱与子痫前期有显著相关性，可预测妊娠早期子痫前期，以TSH水平为最佳预测指标。
{"title":"An observational study to determine the association of thyroid hormones with pre-eclampsia","authors":"Sonam Yadav, HP Anand, Rashmi Arora","doi":"10.4103/hmj.hmj_22_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hmj.hmj_22_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Identifying pregnancies that are at an increased risk of pre-eclampsia is challenging. The present study was done to determine the role of maternal thyroid function for predicting the development of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted for 18 months on 200 patients. The patients were tested for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH, mIU/L), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO, IU/mL) antibodies and free thyroxine (FT4, ng/dL) at 11–18 weeks of pregnancy. After 20 weeks, the development of pre-eclampsia was assessed. Results: Amongst 200 patients, 38 (19%) developed pre-eclampsia. Patients with pre-eclampsia had significantly higher TSH (7.15 vs. 2.54 mIU/L, P < 0.0001), significantly lower FT4 (0.93 vs. 1.12 ng/dL, P < 0.0001) and significantly higher anti-TPO (42.38 vs. 19.78 IU/mL, P = 0.001). TSH was the best predictor of pre-eclampsia at >5.68 mIU/L with 75% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: Thyroid profile derangement has a significant association with pre-eclampsia, and it can predict pre-eclampsia in early pregnancy with TSH levels being the best predictor.","PeriodicalId":34280,"journal":{"name":"Hamdan Medical Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135262777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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