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MSSF-DCNet: multi-scale selective fusion with dense connectivity network for sonar image object detection MSSF-DCNet:利用密集连接网络进行多尺度选择性融合,用于声纳图像目标检测
Yu Dong, Jianlei Zhang, Chun-yan Zhang
In the field of underwater target recognition, forward-looking sonar images are widely applied in underwater rescue operations. The emergence of object detection technologies powered by deep learning has significantly enhanced the ability to recognize underwater targets. In object detection, the neck network, serving as a critical intermediary component, plays a vital role. However, traditional Feature Pyramid Networks (FPN) have two main problems: 1) During the feature fusion process, FPN does not modify the importance of features across various levels, resulting in imbalanced features at different scales and loss of scale information. 2) Lack of effective information transmission between features of different scales. In this article, we propose a novel neck network architecture, Multi Scale Selective Fusion with Dense Connectivity Network (MSSF-DCNet), which encompasses two components to tackle the previously mentioned challenges. The first one is the Multi Scale Selection Module, which effectively balances the weights of features at different levels during the feature fusion process by calculating and weighting weights for different scales, better preserving scale information. The second one is the Cross Scale Dense Connection module, which exchanges information between different feature layer levels. The model is capable of capturing global context information at every layer. thereby improving the detection capability of the neck network. By replacing the FPN with MSSF-DCNet in the Faster R-CNN framework, our model achieves an increase in Average Precision (AP) by 1.2, 4.0, and 2.6 points using MobileNet-v2, ResNet50, and SwinTransformer backbones, respectively. Furthermore, when employing ResNet50 as the backbone, MSSF-DCNet enhances the RetinaNet by 3.4 AP and ATSS by 4.1 AP. At the same time, we compared different neck networks with MSSF-DCNet on the Faster R-CNN baseline network, and MSSF-DCNet achieved the best performance in all metrics.
在水下目标识别领域,前视声纳图像被广泛应用于水下救援行动。由深度学习驱动的物体检测技术的出现大大提高了识别水下目标的能力。在物体检测中,颈部网络作为关键的中介组件,发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,传统的特征金字塔网络(FPN)主要存在两个问题:1)在特征融合过程中,FPN 不会修改各层次特征的重要性,导致不同尺度的特征不平衡,尺度信息丢失。2) 不同尺度的特征之间缺乏有效的信息传递。在本文中,我们提出了一种新颖的颈部网络架构--多尺度选择性融合与密集连接网络(MSSF-DCNet),它包含两个组件来应对上述挑战。第一个是多尺度选择模块,它通过计算和加权不同尺度的权重,在特征融合过程中有效平衡不同层次的特征权重,从而更好地保留尺度信息。第二个模块是跨尺度密集连接模块,用于交换不同特征层之间的信息。该模型能够捕捉每一层的全局上下文信息,从而提高颈部网络的检测能力。通过在 Faster R-CNN 框架中用 MSSF-DCNet 替换 FPN,我们的模型在使用 MobileNet-v2、ResNet50 和 SwinTransformer 主干网时,平均精度 (AP) 分别提高了 1.2、4.0 和 2.6 点。此外,当使用 ResNet50 作为骨干网时,MSSF-DCNet 比 RetinaNet 提高了 3.4 个百分点,比 ATSS 提高了 4.1 个百分点。同时,我们在 Faster R-CNN 基准网络上比较了不同的颈部网络与 MSSF-DCNet 的性能,结果 MSSF-DCNet 在所有指标上都取得了最佳性能。
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引用次数: 0
Design and implementation of an electromagnetic tracing intelligent vehicle based on STC32 基于 STC32 的电磁追踪智能车的设计与实现
Zhaocheng Zhang, Mo Shen, Hongtao Guo
This article takes the National College Student Smart Car Competition as the background and designs and produces an electromagnetic tracking car based on the STC32 chip. On the basis of not violating the competition rules, in order to improve the running stability and speed of the car, the hardware uses a DRV8701E driver board to drive the motor and a four-inductor arrangement to collect the inductance signal; the tracking algorithm uses a ratio algorithm and Fuzzy PID handles electromagnetic values. The experimental results show that the car has good tracking effect and strong anti-interference ability, and can successfully complete various requirements in smart car competitions.
本文以全国大学生智能车竞赛为背景,设计制作了基于STC32芯片的电磁跟踪小车。在不违反比赛规则的基础上,为了提高小车运行的稳定性和速度,硬件上采用DRV8701E驱动板驱动电机,四电感布置采集电感信号;跟踪算法采用比值算法和模糊PID处理电磁值。实验结果表明,小车具有良好的跟踪效果和较强的抗干扰能力,能够顺利完成智能汽车竞赛的各项要求。
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引用次数: 0
An improved credit-based shaper for TSN TSN 的改进型基于信用的整形器
Zeya Li, Yang Liu, Longqing Gong, Danni Xu, Jinfeng Tang
In response to the growing demands of real-time application scenarios, TSN has emerged as a crucial solution. However, the implementation of a credit-based shaper to ensure low-priority traffic transmission may unintentionally result in burst traffic generation. This could lead to storage overflow and potential data loss, posing a significant challenge to the efficient operation of TSN networks. To address this issue, we propose the ICBS algorithm, an enhancement of the original CBS mechanism, which preserves the fundamental principles of preventing low-priority starvation while mitigating the risk of burst traffic generation. The ICBS algorithm demonstrates enhanced fine-grained operation of data frames by refining the credit calculation method, effectively minimizing the occurrence of bursts in AVB traffic. Furthermore, we have devised an ICBS adaptation evaluation algorithm to assess the rationality of pre-scheduling results for AVB, ensuring optimal resource allocation. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed ICBS algorithm effectively achieves its objective of low-priority traffic transmission with extra worst-case delay cost, making it a highly suitable substitute for existing TSN shaper solutions. The ICBS algorithm not only enhances the efficiency and reliability of TSN networks but also paves the way for future advancements in real-time application scenarios.
为满足实时应用场景日益增长的需求,TSN 已成为一种重要的解决方案。然而,为确保低优先级流量传输而实施的基于信用的整形器可能会无意中导致突发流量的产生。这可能导致存储溢出和潜在的数据丢失,给 TSN 网络的高效运行带来巨大挑战。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了 ICBS 算法,这是对原始 CBS 机制的改进,既保留了防止低优先级饥饿的基本原则,又降低了突发流量产生的风险。ICBS 算法通过改进信用计算方法,加强了数据帧的精细化操作,有效地减少了 AVB 流量中突发流量的发生。此外,我们还设计了一种 ICBS 适应性评估算法,用于评估 AVB 预调度结果的合理性,确保优化资源分配。仿真结果表明,所提出的 ICBS 算法有效地实现了以额外的最坏情况延迟成本传输低优先级流量的目标,因此非常适合替代现有的 TSN shaper 解决方案。ICBS 算法不仅提高了 TSN 网络的效率和可靠性,还为未来实时应用场景的发展铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
GoPlace: chip placement like playing go GoPlace:像下围棋一样放置筹码
Jianguo Hu, Shengzhi Shen, Yanyu Ding, Yuhe Wang, Jiakai Pan, Wenjun Huang, Deming Wang
As a critical stage in modern Very-Large-Scale Integrated (VLSI) design, placement plays a crucial role in positioning numerous circuit modules of varying sizes onto a 2D chip canvas to achieve optimal performance. In recent years, applying machine learning methods to placement has emerged as a promising solution for significantly enhancing efficiency and achieving superior results. However, machine learning-driven methods are still in their early stages, facing challenges such as exploration and convergence difficulties. In addition, it is challenging to integrate netlist data with the placement information. This paper proposes a novel approach leveraging deep reinforcement learning to address these challenges. First, a multi-layer chip canvas state representation method is proposed to tackle the challenges of storing and using the placement information. Additionally, a graph neural network is used to assist in generating placement information. Second, this paper proposed a semi-shared policy and value network, and to accommodate the scale and complexity of chip placement, a residual-like neural network is proposed. Third, extensive experiments on eight circuits of public benchmarks show that GoPlace achieves 10% ~ 25% wirelength reduction compared to other reinforcement learning-based methods, lowest congestion, and guarantees zero overlap.
作为现代超大规模集成电路(VLSI)设计的关键阶段,贴装在将众多不同尺寸的电路模块定位到二维芯片画布上以实现最佳性能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。近年来,将机器学习方法应用于贴片设计已成为一种很有前途的解决方案,可显著提高效率并获得卓越的效果。然而,机器学习驱动的方法仍处于早期阶段,面临着探索和收敛困难等挑战。此外,将网表数据与贴片信息整合在一起也具有挑战性。本文提出了一种利用深度强化学习来应对这些挑战的新方法。首先,本文提出了一种多层芯片画布状态表示方法,以应对存储和使用贴装信息的挑战。此外,还使用了图神经网络来辅助生成贴片信息。其次,本文提出了一种半共享策略和值网络,并为适应芯片贴装的规模和复杂性,提出了一种类残差神经网络。第三,在公共基准的八个电路上进行的大量实验表明,与其他基于强化学习的方法相比,GoPlace 可以减少 10% ~ 25% 的线长,拥塞最低,并保证零重叠。
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引用次数: 0
A low-complexity FMCW-SAR imaging system and moving target detection method 低复杂度 FMCW-SAR 成像系统和移动目标探测方法
Chao Wang, Donghao Feng, Peiyuan Guo, Wuliang Chang, Jiachang Guo, Pengsong Duan, Yangjie Cao
A low-complexity FMCW-SAR motion target imaging scheme has been proposed. This scheme consists of an FMCWSAR system and a moving object detection method. The FMCW-SAR system uses an equivalent virtual array to increase the number of transceiver antenna pairs, thereby improving radar azimuth resolution and the use of a PLL structure to improve signal linearity in FMCW radar. This hardware design improves radar imaging performance while reducing complexity. The motion target detection method controls the virtual array components to monitor the motion targets in real-time during the process of motion target monitoring. In the subsequent signal processing, signal interpolation is used to fill the signal used for imaging processing. The experiment shows that this method can effectively and accurately image the detected targets and has good time resource utilization.
提出了一种低复杂度 FMCW-SAR 运动目标成像方案。该方案由 FMCWSAR 系统和运动目标检测方法组成。FMCW-SAR 系统使用等效虚拟阵列来增加收发天线对的数量,从而提高雷达方位角分辨率,并使用 PLL 结构来提高 FMCW 雷达的信号线性度。这种硬件设计在提高雷达成像性能的同时降低了复杂性。在运动目标监测过程中,运动目标检测方法控制虚拟阵列组件对运动目标进行实时监测。在后续的信号处理中,使用信号插值来填充用于成像处理的信号。实验表明,该方法能有效、准确地对检测到的目标进行成像,且时间资源利用率高。
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引用次数: 0
Fusing lightweight Retinaface network for fatigue driving detection 融合轻量级 Retinaface 网络进行疲劳驾驶检测
Zhiqin Wang
To address the current issue of slow face detection and the low accuracy of single-feature fatigue detection in drivers, we first introduce a lightweight Retinaface network. This is achieved by replacing the backbone of the Retinaface network with Ghostnet, which accelerates face detection while improving accuracy. We then proceed to locate facial key features. Following this, a comprehensive SSD network is employed for the identification of the driver's ocular and oral conditions. By combining the MAR (Mouth Aspect Ratio) and EAR (Eye Aspect Ratio) values with fatigue detection thresholds, we ultimately determine the driver's condition. The experimental findings reveal that the enhanced Retinaface algorithm surpasses the original Retinaface approach, exhibiting an average accuracy improvement of 2.64%. The final fatigue detection, based on multiple features, achieves an average correctness rate of over 90%.
为了解决目前司机人脸检测速度慢和单特征疲劳检测准确率低的问题,我们首先引入了轻量级 Retinaface 网络。这是通过用 Ghostnet 代替 Retinaface 网络的主干来实现的,Ghostnet 可以加速人脸检测,同时提高准确率。然后,我们继续定位面部关键特征。随后,我们采用一个全面的 SSD 网络来识别驾驶员的眼部和口腔状况。通过将 MAR(口腔纵横比)和 EAR(眼部纵横比)值与疲劳检测阈值相结合,我们最终确定了驾驶员的状况。实验结果表明,增强型 Retinaface 算法超越了原始 Retinaface 方法,平均准确率提高了 2.64%。基于多种特征的最终疲劳检测平均正确率超过 90%。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-target vital signs detection by fusing radar and optical images 通过融合雷达和光学图像探测多目标生命体征
Chao Wang, Xinfeng Hu, Xiaodong Yang, Wuliang Chang, Guangze Cao
Microwave radar has wide applications in the field of vital sign detection, but there are still some challenges in detecting multiple people in complex environments. For this problem, in this article, a multi-target vital signs detection system based on the fusion of radar and optical image is proposed. This system employs a fusion algorithm to enhance the speed and precision of detection. By comparing the measured data with the reference signal, it can be considered that the measured data has a certain accuracy. The average absolute error in heart rate (HR) detection was 4 beats per minute (BPM), while respiratory rate (RR) detection exhibited an error of 0.75 respirations per minute (RPM). The accuracy of heart rate detection stood at 91.61%, while respiratory rate detection accuracy attained 99.01%.
微波雷达在生命体征检测领域有着广泛的应用,但在复杂环境中检测多人时仍面临一些挑战。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于雷达和光学图像融合的多目标生命体征检测系统。该系统采用融合算法来提高检测速度和精度。通过将测量数据与参考信号进行比较,可以认为测量数据具有一定的准确性。心率(HR)检测的平均绝对误差为每分钟 4 次,而呼吸频率(RR)检测的误差为每分钟 0.75 次。心率检测的准确率为 91.61%,而呼吸频率检测的准确率为 99.01%。
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引用次数: 0
Research on energy management of building operation and maintenance based on multiple prediction algorithms 基于多重预测算法的建筑运维能源管理研究
Ting Lei, Jingyuan Wang, Ming Jiang
With the continuous promotion of national energy conservation and emission reduction, the in-depth application of information technology has gradually triggered in-depth changes in the development mode of the country, city and industry. This paper mainly starts from the status quo of national building energy consumption and related energy saving and green development plan, introduces the research status quo of building energy management, and aims at the more popular machine learning algorithm models in recent years, including Random Forest Regression Model, XGBoost Model and Stacking Multi-Algorithmic Fusion Model, and combines with CITIC Design Digital Intelligent Building System in the statistics of a certain office building with a total of 321 days of Combined with the raw data of measured energy consumption of an office building counted in the CITIC Design Digital Intelligent Building System for a total of 321 days, the prediction learning of building operation and maintenance energy consumption is carried out respectively, the prediction effects of the three prediction algorithms are compared and analyzed, and it is recommended to use the Stacking Multi-Algorithmic Fusion Model for predicting the energy consumption of building operation and maintenance and the operation and maintenance mode of building operation and maintenance energy consumption control in advance warning is proposed by combining with energy consumption prediction model.
随着国家节能减排工作的不断推进,信息技术的深入应用逐渐引发了国家、城市和行业发展模式的深入变革。本文主要从国家建筑能耗现状及相关节能与绿色发展规划出发,介绍了建筑节能管理的研究现状,针对近年来较为流行的机器学习算法模型,包括随机森林回归模型XGBoost 模型和堆叠多算法融合模型,并结合中信设计数字智能建筑系统中统计的某办公建筑共计 321 天的结合中信设计数字智能建筑系统中统计的某办公建筑共计 321 天的实测能耗原始数据、分别对建筑运维能耗进行了预测学习,对比分析了三种预测算法的预测效果,建议采用堆栈式多算法融合模型对建筑运维能耗进行预测,并结合能耗预测模型提出了建筑运维能耗控制预警的运维模式。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-agent scheduling based on three-dimensional time window 基于三维时间窗的多代理调度
Wei Wang, Xuejuan Zhang, Hairui Song, Chi Qiu
The emergence of industrial Internet has brought exponential growth of data, and agents may collide in the process of operation. This paper proposes and tests a path planning algorithm based on three-dimensional time window structure, which can solve avoidable and unavoidable conflicts, effectively identify and solve the conflicts of agents in time, reduce model complexity and improve computational efficiency. This paper hopes to help the rational planning and efficiency improvement of the production process.
工业互联网的出现带来了数据的指数级增长,代理在运行过程中可能会发生碰撞。本文提出并测试了一种基于三维时间窗结构的路径规划算法,可以解决可避免和不可避免的冲突,及时有效地识别并解决代理冲突,降低模型复杂度,提高计算效率。本文希望能对生产过程的合理规划和效率提高有所帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Requirement analysis of remote conference system based on qualitative and quantitative analysis combination 基于定性与定量分析相结合的远程会议系统需求分析
Yiping Yan
Remote conference systems play a crucial role in modern society. In order to design a high-quality system that meets user requirements, accurate analysis and selection of user needs to derive a functional list for the system is particularly important. This study is based on the KANO model and the Better-Worse index model, utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. By collecting and analyzing user needs, the aim is to gain a deep understanding of the true requirements for remote conference systems and identify corresponding features to guide system design and development. The contribution of this study lies in providing a systematic approach for conducting requirement analysis of remote conference systems.
远程会议系统在现代社会中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了设计出满足用户需求的高质量系统,准确分析和选择用户需求,从而得出系统的功能列表尤为重要。本研究以 KANO 模型和 Better-Worse 指数模型为基础,采用定性和定量相结合的分析方法。通过收集和分析用户需求,旨在深入了解用户对远程会议系统的真实需求,并确定相应的功能,以指导系统的设计和开发。本研究的贡献在于提供了一种进行远程会议系统需求分析的系统方法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Conference on Algorithms, Microchips and Network Applications
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