Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225644
Palkovic Matej, P. Makys
In order to achieve a good quality of position tracking performances in positioning the friction phenomena has to be taken into account. Effective compensation algorithms have to know the parameters of friction in details. The paper presents measurement results of friction influence and break - away force of cog free U-shape linear motor. Obtained parameters have been used in static friction models and their suitability and correctness has been verified by simulations.
{"title":"Influence of static friction and stick-slip phenomena on control quality of SMPM","authors":"Palkovic Matej, P. Makys","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225644","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve a good quality of position tracking performances in positioning the friction phenomena has to be taken into account. Effective compensation algorithms have to know the parameters of friction in details. The paper presents measurement results of friction influence and break - away force of cog free U-shape linear motor. Obtained parameters have been used in static friction models and their suitability and correctness has been verified by simulations.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130194241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225635
M. Hrkel, J. Vittek, Z. Biel
The paper deals with minimization of supply power and energy for induction motor (IM) based on maximal torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy. The article describes two MTPA algorithms. Firstly such algorithm is proposed for IM model of which doesn't take iron losses into consideration. Subsequently the second algorithm is based on the model of IM, which respects iron losses. Both algorithms are realized under indirect vector control of IM. The proposed control algorithms are simulated in Matlab-Simulink environment.
{"title":"Maximum torque per ampere control strategy of induction motor with iron losses","authors":"M. Hrkel, J. Vittek, Z. Biel","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225635","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with minimization of supply power and energy for induction motor (IM) based on maximal torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy. The article describes two MTPA algorithms. Firstly such algorithm is proposed for IM model of which doesn't take iron losses into consideration. Subsequently the second algorithm is based on the model of IM, which respects iron losses. Both algorithms are realized under indirect vector control of IM. The proposed control algorithms are simulated in Matlab-Simulink environment.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122159343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225631
Z. Biel, J. Vittek, M. Hrkel
This paper describes loss minimization control methods for the drives with permanent magnet synchronous motor. Two control strategies based on loss minimization and maximum torque per ampere are analyzed. Simulation models for both control methods were developed during analysis. Finally the efficiency improvements were studied by simulations and results achieved are mutually compared.
{"title":"Permanent magnet synchronous motor loss minimization control strategies","authors":"Z. Biel, J. Vittek, M. Hrkel","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225631","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes loss minimization control methods for the drives with permanent magnet synchronous motor. Two control strategies based on loss minimization and maximum torque per ampere are analyzed. Simulation models for both control methods were developed during analysis. Finally the efficiency improvements were studied by simulations and results achieved are mutually compared.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128224637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225690
J. Ždánsky, P. Nagy
Control of safety critical applications requires using of control systems with defined safety level. It is necessary to fulfil requirements not only on safety but in some cases also on reliability of the control system, too. Achievement of these properties depends on the choice of an appropriate structure of the control system. Safety programmable logic controllers (PLC) are modular systems and allow construction of a large number of different structures. This paper deals with effects of some structures of control system with safety PLC on its reliability and safety properties.
{"title":"Influence of the control system structure with safety PLC on its reliability and safety","authors":"J. Ždánsky, P. Nagy","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225690","url":null,"abstract":"Control of safety critical applications requires using of control systems with defined safety level. It is necessary to fulfil requirements not only on safety but in some cases also on reliability of the control system, too. Achievement of these properties depends on the choice of an appropriate structure of the control system. Safety programmable logic controllers (PLC) are modular systems and allow construction of a large number of different structures. This paper deals with effects of some structures of control system with safety PLC on its reliability and safety properties.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131344614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225686
N. Taspinar, S. Akkaya
In this paper, we present the performance of the generalized type II hybrid selective repeat (SR) ARQ scheme using punctured convolutional coding and the code combining technique in Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) systems by computer simulations with different parameters. Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) allows high data rate transmission in a severe noisy channel without the need of a complex receiver implementation as it reduces the inter symbol interference (ISI) and exploits frequency diversity. With the code combining, at successive decoding attempts for a data packet, the decoder for error correction operates on a combination of all received sequences for that packet. It is found that the system throughput efficiency increases when the modulation level, starting code rate and h values decreases and while the size of CDMA code matrix increases. Besides, it is observed that the system performance depends on not only the level of modulation but also the type of modulation.
{"title":"Generalized type-II hybrid SR ARQ scheme using punctured convolutional coding and code combining technique in Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) systems","authors":"N. Taspinar, S. Akkaya","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225686","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the performance of the generalized type II hybrid selective repeat (SR) ARQ scheme using punctured convolutional coding and the code combining technique in Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) systems by computer simulations with different parameters. Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) allows high data rate transmission in a severe noisy channel without the need of a complex receiver implementation as it reduces the inter symbol interference (ISI) and exploits frequency diversity. With the code combining, at successive decoding attempts for a data packet, the decoder for error correction operates on a combination of all received sequences for that packet. It is found that the system throughput efficiency increases when the modulation level, starting code rate and h values decreases and while the size of CDMA code matrix increases. Besides, it is observed that the system performance depends on not only the level of modulation but also the type of modulation.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130962416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225572
P. Katev
Networks based on WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) provide efficient packet radio interface. These networks enable high data transmission rates. WiMAX is the newest wireless broadband Internet technology based on IEEE 802.16 standard. Based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), this system uses radio frequency range from 2 to 11 GHz. Calculation of path loss is very important, because it gives approximate values compared to any, obtained from real measurements. So it is helpful for initial deployment of WiMAX networks, providing an opportunity for cell planning. In this paper I discuss and compare following path loss models - Free Space Path Loss Model (FSPL Model), Hata-Okumura Extended Model (called also ECC-33 Model), Cost 231 Walfish-Ikegami Model and Stanford University Interim Model. In this paper I take the information on the location of buildings, the height of the transmitting antenna, receiving antenna and the others, consistent with conditions in Bulgaria. In each country, there are portions of the spectrum set aside for commercial purposes. In Europe and much of Asia, the 3.5 GHz spectrum range is used for broadband wireless, so I make calculations for 3.5 GHz. From calculations, that I made, can be concluded, that FSPL model, gives the lowest path loss, in all type of terrains - rural, suburban and rural areas. Model ECC-33 can predict path loss in urban and suburban areas, but it is unusable in rural areas. Also I can conclude, that model SUI, has approximately the same values of path loss with those, computed with FSPL model. My research shows that all four models for calculating the path loss are applicable to various areas, and we must compromise between coverage area and low interference of the transmitted signals, when we design WiMAX network.
{"title":"Propagation models for WiMAX at 3.5 GHz","authors":"P. Katev","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225572","url":null,"abstract":"Networks based on WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) provide efficient packet radio interface. These networks enable high data transmission rates. WiMAX is the newest wireless broadband Internet technology based on IEEE 802.16 standard. Based on OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), this system uses radio frequency range from 2 to 11 GHz. Calculation of path loss is very important, because it gives approximate values compared to any, obtained from real measurements. So it is helpful for initial deployment of WiMAX networks, providing an opportunity for cell planning. In this paper I discuss and compare following path loss models - Free Space Path Loss Model (FSPL Model), Hata-Okumura Extended Model (called also ECC-33 Model), Cost 231 Walfish-Ikegami Model and Stanford University Interim Model. In this paper I take the information on the location of buildings, the height of the transmitting antenna, receiving antenna and the others, consistent with conditions in Bulgaria. In each country, there are portions of the spectrum set aside for commercial purposes. In Europe and much of Asia, the 3.5 GHz spectrum range is used for broadband wireless, so I make calculations for 3.5 GHz. From calculations, that I made, can be concluded, that FSPL model, gives the lowest path loss, in all type of terrains - rural, suburban and rural areas. Model ECC-33 can predict path loss in urban and suburban areas, but it is unusable in rural areas. Also I can conclude, that model SUI, has approximately the same values of path loss with those, computed with FSPL model. My research shows that all four models for calculating the path loss are applicable to various areas, and we must compromise between coverage area and low interference of the transmitted signals, when we design WiMAX network.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114410463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225656
L. Janoušek
The paper addresses attenuation of eddy currents in conductive materials under non-destructive inspection. Impact of selected parameters of an exciting system on the attenuation is studied by numerical means. Simple circular coil is utilized to drive eddy currents in a conductive plate. The coil is driven with the harmonic current under several frequencies, respectively. Outer diameter of the coil is varied together with the clearance between the coil and the plate surface. Distribution of the eddy current density in the plate is studied and the results are analyzed in absolute values and the normalized ones as well. It is demonstrated that the coils' dimensions as well as its position over the plate surface play significant role in attenuation of eddy currents in a case when the plate thickness is comparable to the standard penetration depth.
{"title":"Impact of selected parameters on eddy current attenuation in conductive materials","authors":"L. Janoušek","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225656","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses attenuation of eddy currents in conductive materials under non-destructive inspection. Impact of selected parameters of an exciting system on the attenuation is studied by numerical means. Simple circular coil is utilized to drive eddy currents in a conductive plate. The coil is driven with the harmonic current under several frequencies, respectively. Outer diameter of the coil is varied together with the clearance between the coil and the plate surface. Distribution of the eddy current density in the plate is studied and the results are analyzed in absolute values and the normalized ones as well. It is demonstrated that the coils' dimensions as well as its position over the plate surface play significant role in attenuation of eddy currents in a case when the plate thickness is comparable to the standard penetration depth.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114489971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225605
G. Cherneva, E. Dimkina
The study in this paper is focused on the chaotic Duffing oscillator, its synchronization properties and applications to signal masking. Chaotic behavior and chaotic signal masking circuit are designed and simulated using Simulink/Matlab program. The all results are used to illustrate the effectiveness and the applicability of the Duffing oscillator in signal masking communication.
{"title":"Chaotic masking approach based on the Duffing oscillator","authors":"G. Cherneva, E. Dimkina","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225605","url":null,"abstract":"The study in this paper is focused on the chaotic Duffing oscillator, its synchronization properties and applications to signal masking. Chaotic behavior and chaotic signal masking circuit are designed and simulated using Simulink/Matlab program. The all results are used to illustrate the effectiveness and the applicability of the Duffing oscillator in signal masking communication.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127962661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225692
S. Borik, I. Cap
This article deals with the implementation of wireless data transfer in biomedical applications concretely in photoplethysmography. It deals with the application of a Bluetooth module for data transfer to computer where further signal processing can be performed. The work describes a use of microcontroller serving for data flow control, communication and analog signal digitalization using integrated analog to digital converter. The article involves also photoplethysmographic sensor and hardware design description.
{"title":"Implementation of wireless data transfer to photoplethysmographic measurements","authors":"S. Borik, I. Cap","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225692","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the implementation of wireless data transfer in biomedical applications concretely in photoplethysmography. It deals with the application of a Bluetooth module for data transfer to computer where further signal processing can be performed. The work describes a use of microcontroller serving for data flow control, communication and analog signal digitalization using integrated analog to digital converter. The article involves also photoplethysmographic sensor and hardware design description.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131976637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-05-21DOI: 10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225573
D. Koniar, S. Stofan, L. Hargaš, M. Hrianka, A. Simonová
The accuracy of slow motion cinematic analysis depends on frame rate of used camera. Specific case of cinematic analysis is in medical research focusing on microscopic objects (cilia of respiratory epithelium). Higher frame rate of camera (400 fps e.g.) causes that exposure time for camera sensor is too short, so it is necessary to use lightning source with higher optical (illuminating) efficiency and higher reliability. Hardware conditions are also limited by used light microscope. Paper focuses on design of LED illumination modules, their control, modes and supplying circuits for high speed imaging purposes.
{"title":"Hardware conditioning in process of high speed imaging","authors":"D. Koniar, S. Stofan, L. Hargaš, M. Hrianka, A. Simonová","doi":"10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELEKTRO.2012.6225573","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of slow motion cinematic analysis depends on frame rate of used camera. Specific case of cinematic analysis is in medical research focusing on microscopic objects (cilia of respiratory epithelium). Higher frame rate of camera (400 fps e.g.) causes that exposure time for camera sensor is too short, so it is necessary to use lightning source with higher optical (illuminating) efficiency and higher reliability. Hardware conditions are also limited by used light microscope. Paper focuses on design of LED illumination modules, their control, modes and supplying circuits for high speed imaging purposes.","PeriodicalId":343071,"journal":{"name":"2012 ELEKTRO","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130344162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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