Open Respiratory Archives最新文献

英文中文

Quality of Life in Patients With Type 2 Inflammatory Asthma 2型炎症性哮喘患者的生活质量

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100461

Iñigo Ojanguren , Isam Alobid , Virginia Rodríguez-Vázquez , Víctor Reyes , Miriam Espinosa , África Luca de Tena , Irantzu Muerza , Enrique Gómez de la Fuente

Introduction

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that often coexists with type 2 inflammatory (T2i) conditions in many individuals with severe asthma, leading to heightened exacerbations that diminish their quality of life (QoL). Despite this, there is a noticeable scarcity of QoL assessment tools specifically designed for individuals with T2i-related asthma.

Objectives

To analyse the asthma subset of T2i patients, derived from a survey conducted by the patient-driven T2i Network Project, aimed at identifying common drivers and challenges related to the QoL of T2i patients.

Material and methods

An anonymous online survey was distributed through eight Spanish patient associations. It comprised 29 questions about the patient's sociodemographic characteristics and several self-reported questions about the diagnosis, QoL measures, the severity of the disease, use of healthcare resources, and quality of care.

Results

The T2i asthma sub-analysis included 180 participants; 93% self-reported their disease severity as moderate-to-severe, 85% affected by one or more coexisting T2i diseases. An increase in the self-perceived severity was associated with higher self-perceived intensity, lack of control, and persistence of symptoms, with a stronger impact on total QoL. Asthma participants expressed a great impact on all the measured dimensions of the QoL.

Conclusions

The results demonstrate unmet needs and important difficulties for asthma T2i patients, either as the only condition or with other T2i conditions, and underscore the need for innovative approaches to improve their QoL. Most of this subset of patients perceive their condition as severe and experience self-perceived intense and limiting symptoms, which constantly worsen and persist over time.

哮喘是一种异质性疾病，在许多严重哮喘患者中经常与2型炎症（T2i）共存，导致加重的恶化，降低他们的生活质量（QoL）。尽管如此，专门为t2i相关哮喘患者设计的生活质量评估工具明显缺乏。目的分析T2i患者的哮喘亚群，该调查来源于患者驱动的T2i网络项目，旨在确定与T2i患者生活质量相关的共同驱动因素和挑战。资料和方法通过8个西班牙患者协会进行匿名在线调查。它包括29个关于患者社会人口学特征的问题，以及一些关于诊断、生活质量测量、疾病严重程度、医疗资源使用和护理质量的自我报告问题。结果T2i哮喘亚组共纳入180例；93%的患者自我报告的病情严重程度为中度至重度，85%的患者同时患有一种或多种T2i疾病。自我感知严重性的增加与更高的自我感知强度、缺乏控制和症状持续相关，对总生活质量的影响更大。哮喘参与者对生活质量的所有测量维度都有很大的影响。结论T2i哮喘患者，无论是单纯T2i还是合并T2i，均存在未满足的需求和重要困难，并强调需要创新方法来改善其生活质量。大多数这类患者认为他们的病情严重，并经历自我感知的强烈和限制性症状，这些症状不断恶化并持续一段时间。

{"title":"Quality of Life in Patients With Type 2 Inflammatory Asthma","authors":"Iñigo Ojanguren , Isam Alobid , Virginia Rodríguez-Vázquez , Víctor Reyes , Miriam Espinosa , África Luca de Tena , Irantzu Muerza , Enrique Gómez de la Fuente","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that often coexists with type 2 inflammatory (T2i) conditions in many individuals with severe asthma, leading to heightened exacerbations that diminish their quality of life (QoL). Despite this, there is a noticeable scarcity of QoL assessment tools specifically designed for individuals with T2i-related asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To analyse the asthma subset of T2i patients, derived from a survey conducted by the patient-driven T2i Network Project, aimed at identifying common drivers and challenges related to the QoL of T2i patients.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>An anonymous online survey was distributed through eight Spanish patient associations. It comprised 29 questions about the patient's sociodemographic characteristics and several self-reported questions about the diagnosis, QoL measures, the severity of the disease, use of healthcare resources, and quality of care.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The T2i asthma sub-analysis included 180 participants; 93% self-reported their disease severity as moderate-to-severe, 85% affected by one or more coexisting T2i diseases. An increase in the self-perceived severity was associated with higher self-perceived intensity, lack of control, and persistence of symptoms, with a stronger impact on total QoL. Asthma participants expressed a great impact on all the measured dimensions of the QoL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results demonstrate unmet needs and important difficulties for asthma T2i patients, either as the only condition or with other T2i conditions, and underscore the need for innovative approaches to improve their QoL. Most of this subset of patients perceive their condition as severe and experience self-perceived intense and limiting symptoms, which constantly worsen and persist over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"7 4","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gestión eficiente de agendas de asma grave 有效管理严重哮喘病历

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100456

Ignacio Dávila , José Ángel Carretero Gracia , Pilar Cebollero , José Luis Izquierdo Alonso , Eva Martínez-Moragón , Concepción Morales-García , Gerardo Pérez Chica , Santiago Quirce , Juan José Soler-Cataluña , Marta Viñas

引用次数: 0

Compilation of Harm: Tobacco, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Mucus Plugs. Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis 危害汇编：烟草、慢性阻塞性肺病和粘液塞。文献系统回顾与元分析

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100479

José Ignacio de Granda-Orive , Daniel López-Padilla , Adolfo Alonso-Arroyo , Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent , Segismundo Solano-Reina , Carlos Rábade-Castedo , Miguel Jiménez-Gómez , Carlos A. Jiménez-Ruiz

Introduction

In COPD patients, mucus plugs are associated with lower lung function, worse quality of life, higher all-cause mortality, and a higher rate of exacerbations. The aim of the study was to determine whether subjects with COPD with a higher cumulative smoking history, such as current smokers, have a higher mucus plug score compared to former and never smokers with COPD.

Material and methods

We have carried out a systematic review of the literature (SRL) and a meta-analysis (MA).

Results

Nine articles were finally included in the SRL, and 6 of them were part of the MA. We found that subjects who had never smoked had a lower rate of mucus plugs when compared to active and ex-smokers (OR 0.08 [CI 95% 0.06, 0.12]). When comparing subjects with and without mucus plugs between current smokers vs. ex-smokers, we found that ex-smokers had a higher rate of mucus plugs than current smokers (OR 1.12 [CI 95% 1.02, 1.24]). When comparing subjects without mucus plugs or with a low mucus plug score (0–2) with a high mucus plug score (>3) between current smokers vs. ex-smokers, we found that ex-smokers had a higher mucus plug score than current smokers (OR 1.19 [CI 95% 1.08, 1.32]).

Conclusions

We found that subjects who have never smoked have a lower rate of mucus plugs than those who have smoked and that ex-smokers with COPD have a higher rate of mucus plugs than current smokers with COPD. Quitting smoking is the most significant modifiable risk factor for COPD.

在COPD患者中，粘液塞与肺功能降低、生活质量下降、全因死亡率升高和病情加重率升高相关。该研究的目的是确定具有较高累积吸烟史的COPD受试者，如当前吸烟者，是否与以前和从不吸烟的COPD患者相比具有更高的粘液堵塞评分。材料和方法我们进行了文献系统综述（SRL）和荟萃分析（MA）。结果9篇文章最终被纳入SRL，其中6篇是MA的一部分。我们发现，从不吸烟的受试者与活跃吸烟者和戒烟者相比，粘液塞的发生率较低（OR 0.08 [CI 95% 0.06, 0.12]）。当比较当前吸烟者和已戒烟者中使用和不使用黏液塞的受试者时，我们发现已戒烟者的黏液塞发生率高于当前吸烟者（OR 1.12 [CI 95% 1.02, 1.24]）。当比较没有粘液塞或低粘液塞评分（0-2）与高粘液塞评分（>3）的受试者时，我们发现，前吸烟者的粘液塞评分高于现吸烟者（or 1.19 [CI 95% 1.08, 1.32]）。结论：我们发现从不吸烟的受试者粘液塞的发生率低于吸烟的受试者，而已戒烟的COPD患者粘液塞的发生率高于正在吸烟的COPD患者。戒烟是COPD最重要的可改变危险因素。

{"title":"Compilation of Harm: Tobacco, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Mucus Plugs. Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis","authors":"José Ignacio de Granda-Orive , Daniel López-Padilla , Adolfo Alonso-Arroyo , Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent , Segismundo Solano-Reina , Carlos Rábade-Castedo , Miguel Jiménez-Gómez , Carlos A. Jiménez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In COPD patients, mucus plugs are associated with lower lung function, worse quality of life, higher all-cause mortality, and a higher rate of exacerbations. The aim of the study was to determine whether subjects with COPD with a higher cumulative smoking history, such as current smokers, have a higher mucus plug score compared to former and never smokers with COPD.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We have carried out a systematic review of the literature (SRL) and a meta-analysis (MA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine articles were finally included in the SRL, and 6 of them were part of the MA. We found that subjects who had never smoked had a lower rate of mucus plugs when compared to active and ex-smokers (OR 0.08 [CI 95% 0.06, 0.12]). When comparing subjects with and without mucus plugs between current smokers vs. ex-smokers, we found that ex-smokers had a higher rate of mucus plugs than current smokers (OR 1.12 [CI 95% 1.02, 1.24]). When comparing subjects without mucus plugs or with a low mucus plug score (0–2) with a high mucus plug score (>3) between current smokers vs. ex-smokers, we found that ex-smokers had a higher mucus plug score than current smokers (OR 1.19 [CI 95% 1.08, 1.32]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found that subjects who have never smoked have a lower rate of mucus plugs than those who have smoked and that ex-smokers with COPD have a higher rate of mucus plugs than current smokers with COPD. Quitting smoking is the most significant modifiable risk factor for COPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"7 3","pages":"Article 100479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Degree of Adherence to Recommendations From the Spanish Consensus on the Reduction of Oral Corticosteroid Use in Asthma Patients: A Questionnaire-based Observational Study 依从西班牙共识关于哮喘患者减少口服皮质类固醇使用建议的程度：一项基于问卷的观察性研究

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100452

Javier Domínguez-Ortega , Xavier Muñoz Gall , Julio Delgado Romero , Francisco Casas-Maldonado , Marina Blanco-Aparicio

Introduction

The Spanish consensus on the reduction of oral corticosteroid (OCS) use in asthma management was recently published to address the issue of OCS overuse in this area. This study evaluates the degree of awareness and implementation of this consensus by healthcare professionals.

Methods

A longitudinal study was conducted with a survey completed by pulmonologists and allergists in 2 rounds conducted 6 months apart. Key metrics included OCS prescribing rates, adherence to recommendations, and other clinician-reported practices.

Results

Both rounds were completed by 112 and 115 participants, respectively, with equal representation from allergists and pulmonologists. Most (91.1%) were familiar with the consensus, and 58.0% rated their knowledge as high. Fifty-three percent reported increased knowledge after 6 months. Regarding OCS dosing, 70.5% in the first round and 66.1% in the second round considered 5 mg/day of prednisone to be low-dose therapy. A majority routinely calculated annual OCS doses, with a notable rise in the use of digital tools for dose calculations. Most clinicians favored 5–7 days for short OCS courses and supported the use of biologics for patients with uncontrolled severe asthma on maintenance OCS.

Conclusions

These findings suggest a notable reduction in OCS use and improved adherence to asthma management guidelines following the publication of the Spanish consensus. Repeated educational interventions appear effective in modifying prescribing behaviors and optimizing asthma care.

西班牙最近发表了关于减少口服皮质类固醇（OCS）在哮喘管理中的使用的共识，以解决该地区OCS过度使用的问题。本研究评估了卫生保健专业人员对这一共识的认识和实施程度。方法采用纵向研究方法，由肺科医师和变态反应科医师进行调查，每隔6个月进行2轮。关键指标包括OCS处方率、对建议的依从性和其他临床医生报告的做法。结果两轮研究分别有112名和115名参与者完成，其中过敏症专家和肺科专家的比例相等。大多数人（91.1%）熟悉共识，58.0%的人认为他们的知识很高。53%的人表示6个月后知识有所增长。关于OCS的剂量，第一轮70.5%和第二轮66.1%的人认为5mg /天的泼尼松是低剂量治疗。大多数常规计算OCS年剂量，使用数字工具进行剂量计算的情况显著增加。大多数临床医生倾向于5-7天的短期OCS疗程，并支持对未控制的严重哮喘患者使用生物制剂维持OCS。结论：这些发现表明，在西班牙共识发表后，OCS的使用显著减少，哮喘管理指南的依从性得到改善。反复的教育干预在改变处方行为和优化哮喘护理方面是有效的。

{"title":"Degree of Adherence to Recommendations From the Spanish Consensus on the Reduction of Oral Corticosteroid Use in Asthma Patients: A Questionnaire-based Observational Study","authors":"Javier Domínguez-Ortega , Xavier Muñoz Gall , Julio Delgado Romero , Francisco Casas-Maldonado , Marina Blanco-Aparicio","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Spanish consensus on the reduction of oral corticosteroid (OCS) use in asthma management was recently published to address the issue of OCS overuse in this area. This study evaluates the degree of awareness and implementation of this consensus by healthcare professionals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A longitudinal study was conducted with a survey completed by pulmonologists and allergists in 2 rounds conducted 6 months apart. Key metrics included OCS prescribing rates, adherence to recommendations, and other clinician-reported practices.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both rounds were completed by 112 and 115 participants, respectively, with equal representation from allergists and pulmonologists. Most (91.1%) were familiar with the consensus, and 58.0% rated their knowledge as high. Fifty-three percent reported increased knowledge after 6 months. Regarding OCS dosing, 70.5% in the first round and 66.1% in the second round considered 5mg/day of prednisone to be low-dose therapy. A majority routinely calculated annual OCS doses, with a notable rise in the use of digital tools for dose calculations. Most clinicians favored 5–7 days for short OCS courses and supported the use of biologics for patients with uncontrolled severe asthma on maintenance OCS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest a notable reduction in OCS use and improved adherence to asthma management guidelines following the publication of the Spanish consensus. Repeated educational interventions appear effective in modifying prescribing behaviors and optimizing asthma care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"7 3","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence Update on the Efficacy of Cytisinicline by Treatment Regimen: A Rapid Review Cytisinicline治疗方案疗效的证据更新：快速回顾

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100472

Raúl Majo García , María Guadalupe Espinosa Villoria , María Nélida Fernández-Martínez , Alfonso Díaz Madero , María Isabel Pérez Martín , Daniel Fernández-García

引用次数: 0

Gestión de riesgos en la realización de pruebas de función pulmonar pospandemia 大流行后肺功能检测中的风险管理

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100459

Luis Puente Maestu , Juana M. Martínez Llorens , José Luis Valera Felices , Yolanda Torralba García , Marian Gimeno Peribáñez , Eusebi Chiner , Roberto Cabestre , Juan Rodríguez Hermosa , Raúl Godoy Mayoral , Celeste Marcos , Ana Balaña Corberó , Carlos Almonacid

This document is a detailed proposal addressing the management of spirometry and other pulmonary function tests in the post-COVID-19 pandemic context in Spain. The introduction discusses how the pandemic has affected the performance of these essential tests and underscores the need for a pragmatic assessment of risks and benefits, given that the absence of pulmonary function studies may lead to significant diagnostic and therapeutic errors.

The section on the epidemiological situation in Spain highlights that the WHO no longer considers COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern, reflecting the reduced severity of the disease due to high vaccination coverage and the characteristics of circulating variants.

The regulatory framework states that the Health Institute Carlos III has defined a new epidemiological surveillance strategy aimed at restoring social and healthcare normality. A ministerial order issued by the Ministry of Health is mentioned, which lifts the mandatory use of facemasks in certain settings, in alignment with the strategy to return to normalcy.

The proposal provides an in-depth analysis of the infectious risk to healthcare workers and patients in pulmonary function laboratories, concluding that current practices —along with the use of surgical masks and viral filters— minimize the generation and transmission of infectious aerosols.

Detailed recommendations are provided for risk management, including architectural controls, administrative measures, hygiene practices, and personal protective protocols, with the goal of safeguarding both healthcare professionals and patients.

The cited bibliography reinforces the scientific evidence base underlying the proposed recommendations and demonstrates a careful and deliberate approach to the safe and efficient reintroduction of spirometry and other pulmonary function tests into routine healthcare.

本文件是针对西班牙covid -19大流行后肺量测定和其他肺功能测试管理的详细建议。导言部分讨论了大流行如何影响这些基本检测的实施，并强调需要对风险和效益进行务实评估，因为缺乏肺功能研究可能导致重大的诊断和治疗错误。关于西班牙流行病学情况的部分强调，世卫组织不再将COVID-19视为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，这反映出由于疫苗接种覆盖率高以及流行变体的特点，该疾病的严重程度有所降低。监管框架指出，卡洛斯三世卫生研究所制定了一项新的流行病监测战略，旨在恢复社会和保健的正常状态。文中提到了卫生部发布的一项部级命令，根据恢复正常的战略，该命令取消了在某些环境中强制使用口罩的规定。该建议对医护人员和肺功能实验室患者的感染风险进行了深入分析，得出结论认为，目前的做法——以及使用外科口罩和病毒过滤器——最大限度地减少了传染性气溶胶的产生和传播。为风险管理提供了详细的建议，包括架构控制、行政措施、卫生习惯和个人保护协议，目标是保护医疗保健专业人员和患者。引用的参考书目加强了所提建议的科学证据基础，并展示了安全有效地将肺活量测定法和其他肺功能检查重新引入常规医疗保健的谨慎和深思熟虑的方法。

{"title":"Gestión de riesgos en la realización de pruebas de función pulmonar pospandemia","authors":"Luis Puente Maestu , Juana M. Martínez Llorens , José Luis Valera Felices , Yolanda Torralba García , Marian Gimeno Peribáñez , Eusebi Chiner , Roberto Cabestre , Juan Rodríguez Hermosa , Raúl Godoy Mayoral , Celeste Marcos , Ana Balaña Corberó , Carlos Almonacid","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This document is a detailed proposal addressing the management of spirometry and other pulmonary function tests in the post-COVID-19 pandemic context in Spain. The introduction discusses how the pandemic has affected the performance of these essential tests and underscores the need for a pragmatic assessment of risks and benefits, given that the absence of pulmonary function studies may lead to significant diagnostic and therapeutic errors.</div><div>The section on the epidemiological situation in Spain highlights that the WHO no longer considers COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern, reflecting the reduced severity of the disease due to high vaccination coverage and the characteristics of circulating variants.</div><div>The regulatory framework states that the Health Institute Carlos III has defined a new epidemiological surveillance strategy aimed at restoring social and healthcare normality. A ministerial order issued by the Ministry of Health is mentioned, which lifts the mandatory use of facemasks in certain settings, in alignment with the strategy to return to normalcy.</div><div>The proposal provides an in-depth analysis of the infectious risk to healthcare workers and patients in pulmonary function laboratories, concluding that current practices —along with the use of surgical masks and viral filters— minimize the generation and transmission of infectious aerosols.</div><div>Detailed recommendations are provided for risk management, including architectural controls, administrative measures, hygiene practices, and personal protective protocols, with the goal of safeguarding both healthcare professionals and patients.</div><div>The cited bibliography reinforces the scientific evidence base underlying the proposed recommendations and demonstrates a careful and deliberate approach to the safe and efficient reintroduction of spirometry and other pulmonary function tests into routine healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"7 3","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Outdoor Air Pollutants on Asthma: A Narrative Review 室外空气污染物对哮喘的影响：述评

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100448

David Espejo , Vicente Plaza , Santiago Quirce , Juan Antonio Trigueros , Xavier Muñoz

Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting individuals across all age groups, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Exposure to air pollutants is a major factor in both the development and exacerbation of asthma symptoms. This study reviewed the impact of key air pollutants, including nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) or ≤10 μm (PM₁₀), and ozone (O₃), on asthma outcomes. Our analysis of 20 studies showed significant associations between exposure to these pollutants and increased asthma incidence and prevalence, particularly in children. Specifically, pollutants such as elemental carbon (EC), benzene, NO₂, PM₁₀, and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) were found to be significantly associated with asthma development in children, while NO₂ and PM_2.5 were linked to asthma exacerbations in both children and adults. Additionally, hospitalizations and emergency room visits were positively correlated with exposure to PM_2.5 and O₃ in both children and adults, and the elderly showed significant associations with O₃ exposure. Although asthma-related mortality was not directly linked to specific pollutants, a few studies indicated a broader association between exposure to pollutants like NO₂ and PM_2.5 and increased overall mortality. These findings highlight the importance of reducing exposure to outdoor air pollutants to mitigate asthma risk and improve public health outcomes, particularly in vulnerable populations like children and the elderly.

哮喘是一种慢性肺部疾病，影响所有年龄组的个体，导致显著的发病率和死亡率。接触空气污染物是哮喘症状发展和恶化的一个主要因素。本研究综述了二氧化氮（NO2）、直径≤2.5 μm的颗粒物（PM2.5）或≤10 μm的颗粒物（PM10）、臭氧（O3）等关键空气污染物对哮喘结局的影响。我们对20项研究的分析显示，暴露于这些污染物与哮喘发病率和患病率增加之间存在显著关联，尤其是在儿童中。具体而言，单质碳（EC）、苯、二氧化氮、PM10和二氧化硫（SO2）等污染物与儿童哮喘的发展显著相关，而二氧化氮和PM2.5与儿童和成人的哮喘加重有关。此外，儿童和成人的住院和急诊室就诊与PM2.5和O3暴露呈正相关，老年人与O3暴露显著相关。尽管与哮喘相关的死亡率与特定污染物没有直接联系，但一些研究表明，暴露于二氧化氮和PM2.5等污染物与总体死亡率增加之间存在更广泛的关联。这些发现强调了减少暴露于室外空气污染物对减轻哮喘风险和改善公共卫生结果的重要性，特别是在儿童和老年人等弱势群体中。

{"title":"Influence of Outdoor Air Pollutants on Asthma: A Narrative Review","authors":"David Espejo , Vicente Plaza , Santiago Quirce , Juan Antonio Trigueros , Xavier Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting individuals across all age groups, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Exposure to air pollutants is a major factor in both the development and exacerbation of asthma symptoms. This study reviewed the impact of key air pollutants, including nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) or ≤10μm (PM<sub>10</sub>), and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), on asthma outcomes. Our analysis of 20 studies showed significant associations between exposure to these pollutants and increased asthma incidence and prevalence, particularly in children. Specifically, pollutants such as elemental carbon (EC), benzene, NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) were found to be significantly associated with asthma development in children, while NO<sub>2</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> were linked to asthma exacerbations in both children and adults. Additionally, hospitalizations and emergency room visits were positively correlated with exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> in both children and adults, and the elderly showed significant associations with O<sub>3</sub> exposure. Although asthma-related mortality was not directly linked to specific pollutants, a few studies indicated a broader association between exposure to pollutants like NO<sub>2</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> and increased overall mortality. These findings highlight the importance of reducing exposure to outdoor air pollutants to mitigate asthma risk and improve public health outcomes, particularly in vulnerable populations like children and the elderly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"7 3","pages":"Article 100448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long Term Effectiveness of Mepolizumab in the Treatment of Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia 美泊珠单抗治疗慢性嗜酸性肺炎的长期疗效

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100462

María Longás , Cindy S. Aponte , Daniel Laorden , David Romero , Santiago Quirce , Rodolfo Álvarez-Sala , on behalf of ASMAGRAVE-HULP Group

引用次数: 0

High Ferritin Predicts Mortality in Patients With Interstitial Pneumonia and an Underlying Autoimmune Disease 高铁蛋白可预测间质性肺炎和潜在自身免疫性疾病患者的死亡率

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100455

María Jesús Rodríguez-Nieto , Fredeswinda Romero-Bueno , Lydia Abásolo , María Carmen Vegas Sánchez , Begoña López-Botet Zulueta , Olga Sánchez-Pernaute , the NEREA Autoimmune ILD Study Group

Purpose

To identify early predictive markers in patients with chronic interstitial pneumonia (IP) associated with an underlying autoimmune disease (AIP), aiming to facilitate personalized follow-up and treatment.

Methods

We assessed the predictive value of process and host factors on mortality in a cohort of 124 patients (86 women) with autoimmune interstitial pneumonia (AIP). This cohort comprised 66 cases of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia (CTD-IP), 40 patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF), and 18 patients with undifferentiated autoimmune IP. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 2 years or a fatal outcome. We included demographics, clinical diagnostic subgroups, specific antibodies, morphological patterns, and relevant laboratory tests in our analysis. For the bivariate analysis, we employed Student's t-test, Fisher's exact test, and survival techniques. Prediction models for death risk were developed using logistic regression.

Results

During the follow-up period, there were 29 deaths, resulting in an incidence rate of 3.09 per 100 patient-year. Factors associated with an increased risk of death included older age at diagnosis, cardio-respiratory comorbidities, and a simultaneous onset of intersticial pneumonia and systemic manifestations. In contrast, clinical diagnosis and radiographic patterns did not show a significant association with mortality risk. Additionally, elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase, sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and ferritin were significantly linked to fatal outcomes. Among these, ferritin emerged as the most potent predictor in the multivariate model, with an odds ratio of 5.9 (p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Our data emphasize the importance of monitoring inflammatory markers, particularly ferritin levels, to assess prognosis across various subtypes of autoimmune intersticial pneumonia.

目的探讨慢性间质性肺炎（IP）合并潜在自身免疫性疾病（AIP）患者的早期预测指标，为个性化随访和治疗提供依据。方法对124例自身免疫性间质性肺炎（AIP）患者（86例女性）的过程和宿主因素对死亡率的预测价值进行评估。该队列包括66例结缔组织病相关间质性肺炎（CTD-IP）， 40例具有自身免疫性特征的间质性肺炎（IPAF）和18例未分化的自身免疫性IP患者。所有患者至少随访2年或死亡。我们的分析包括人口统计学、临床诊断亚组、特异性抗体、形态模式和相关的实验室测试。对于双变量分析，我们采用了学生t检验、Fisher精确检验和生存技术。采用logistic回归建立死亡风险预测模型。结果随访期间死亡29例，发病率为3.09 / 100患者年。与死亡风险增加相关的因素包括诊断时年龄较大、心肺合并症、间质性肺炎和全身性表现同时发病。相反，临床诊断和放射学模式没有显示出与死亡风险的显著关联。此外，乳酸脱氢酶、沉降率、c反应蛋白和铁蛋白水平升高与死亡结果显著相关。其中，铁蛋白在多变量模型中成为最有效的预测因子，比值比为5.9 （p = 0.002）。结论：我们的数据强调了监测炎症标志物，特别是铁蛋白水平对评估自身免疫性间质性肺炎不同亚型预后的重要性。

{"title":"High Ferritin Predicts Mortality in Patients With Interstitial Pneumonia and an Underlying Autoimmune Disease","authors":"María Jesús Rodríguez-Nieto , Fredeswinda Romero-Bueno , Lydia Abásolo , María Carmen Vegas Sánchez , Begoña López-Botet Zulueta , Olga Sánchez-Pernaute , the NEREA Autoimmune ILD Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To identify early predictive markers in patients with chronic interstitial pneumonia (IP) associated with an underlying autoimmune disease (AIP), aiming to facilitate personalized follow-up and treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We assessed the predictive value of process and host factors on mortality in a cohort of 124 patients (86 women) with autoimmune interstitial pneumonia (AIP). This cohort comprised 66 cases of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia (CTD-IP), 40 patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF), and 18 patients with undifferentiated autoimmune IP. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 2 years or a fatal outcome. We included demographics, clinical diagnostic subgroups, specific antibodies, morphological patterns, and relevant laboratory tests in our analysis. For the bivariate analysis, we employed Student's <em>t</em>-test, Fisher's exact test, and survival techniques. Prediction models for death risk were developed using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the follow-up period, there were 29 deaths, resulting in an incidence rate of 3.09 per 100 patient-year. Factors associated with an increased risk of death included older age at diagnosis, cardio-respiratory comorbidities, and a simultaneous onset of intersticial pneumonia and systemic manifestations. In contrast, clinical diagnosis and radiographic patterns did not show a significant association with mortality risk. Additionally, elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase, sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and ferritin were significantly linked to fatal outcomes. Among these, ferritin emerged as the most potent predictor in the multivariate model, with an odds ratio of 5.9 (<em>p</em>  <!-->0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our data emphasize the importance of monitoring inflammatory markers, particularly ferritin levels, to assess prognosis across various subtypes of autoimmune intersticial pneumonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34317,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Archives","volume":"7 3","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vaping With or Without Nicotine is Always Addictive 不管有没有尼古丁，电子烟总是会上瘾的

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100478

Carlos Andrés Jimenez-Ruiz , Mina Gaga , Jose Ignacio de Granda-Orive

引用次数: 0

首页上一页

下一页尾页

类型

全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

数据库

全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Open Respiratory Archives

全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.

﹀