Pub Date : 2023-10-22DOI: 10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.1
Jörg Forthmann, Reimund Homann, Alexandra Krämer, Arne Westermann
Reputation management in the public sector has scientifically been rather neglected in the past. Nevertheless, the literature suggests that the strategic management of reputation has become more important for public organisations in recent years. Therefore, big data analysis with the help of social listening, i.e. retrieving relevant communication from online sources via web-crawling and analysing the results using artificial intelligence, is applied here to three public sector organisations. The results show that social listening is at least in principle suitable for measuring reputation in the public sector. Also, the reputation of public companies and private companies is different. As a consequence, public companies should aim to improve their reputation and at least an awareness of the weaknesses of public company reputation should be built.
{"title":"Reputation Management of Organisations in the Public Sector: Social Listening as a Method for Analysing Big Data","authors":"Jörg Forthmann, Reimund Homann, Alexandra Krämer, Arne Westermann","doi":"10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"Reputation management in the public sector has scientifically been rather neglected in the past. Nevertheless, the literature suggests that the strategic management of reputation has become more important for public organisations in recent years. Therefore, big data analysis with the help of social listening, i.e. retrieving relevant communication from online sources via web-crawling and analysing the results using artificial intelligence, is applied here to three public sector organisations. The results show that social listening is at least in principle suitable for measuring reputation in the public sector. Also, the reputation of public companies and private companies is different. As a consequence, public companies should aim to improve their reputation and at least an awareness of the weaknesses of public company reputation should be built.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-22DOI: 10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.3
Igor Rižnar
This article acknowledges the intricate nature of higher education, recognizing its complexities and the multiple interactions among various stakeholders such as teachers, students, policymakers, parents, professional associations, politicians, the economy, and society. While briefly touching upon the Bologna reforms, the article primarily focuses on several crucial aspects of education. First, it delves into the realm of brain science to explore learning and teaching. Second, it addresses prevailing myths and misconceptions about learning and thinking that continue to be widely believed by teachers. Third, it examines biases present among both teachers and education policy makers. Fourth, it discusses the working conditions experienced by academics, and fifth, it outlines a project and a teaching method that could ignite transformation of HEIs.
{"title":"Challenging the Status Quo in Higher Education","authors":"Igor Rižnar","doi":"10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"This article acknowledges the intricate nature of higher education, recognizing its complexities and the multiple interactions among various stakeholders such as teachers, students, policymakers, parents, professional associations, politicians, the economy, and society. While briefly touching upon the Bologna reforms, the article primarily focuses on several crucial aspects of education. First, it delves into the realm of brain science to explore learning and teaching. Second, it addresses prevailing myths and misconceptions about learning and thinking that continue to be widely believed by teachers. Third, it examines biases present among both teachers and education policy makers. Fourth, it discusses the working conditions experienced by academics, and fifth, it outlines a project and a teaching method that could ignite transformation of HEIs.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-22DOI: 10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.2
Reimund Homann, Jörg Forthmann, Luisa Esser
The increased usage of digital media to exchange information has increased the speed in which corporate crises become known. This has increased the necessity to react to a crisis as quickly as possible. As a result, social listening – i.e. listening to and analysing digital communication – is establishing itself as an instrument for companies to control their own representation in the media. Against this background, different methodological approaches in crisis detection (e.g. outlier detection, t-test and Chow test) were tested regarding their quality. For that, we used a data set created by an AI crawling online sources and analysing the results using a neural network. The findings of this study suggest that crises can be identified quite reliably using existing econometric methods. A simple outlier detection in a time series of the total number of fragments that uses a time frame of one month on each side of a crisis seems to be the best method so far with the method by Chen and Liu being a close second. The results of this study provide a foundational contribution to this field of research and can help companies detect crises as early as possible allowing the management to react appropriately.
{"title":"Crisis Detection in the Age of Digital Communication: The Power of Social Listening as a Method to Identify Corporate Events in Time Series Data","authors":"Reimund Homann, Jörg Forthmann, Luisa Esser","doi":"10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31907/2617-121x.2022.05.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"The increased usage of digital media to exchange information has increased the speed in which corporate crises become known. This has increased the necessity to react to a crisis as quickly as possible. As a result, social listening – i.e. listening to and analysing digital communication – is establishing itself as an instrument for companies to control their own representation in the media. Against this background, different methodological approaches in crisis detection (e.g. outlier detection, t-test and Chow test) were tested regarding their quality. For that, we used a data set created by an AI crawling online sources and analysing the results using a neural network. The findings of this study suggest that crises can be identified quite reliably using existing econometric methods. A simple outlier detection in a time series of the total number of fragments that uses a time frame of one month on each side of a crisis seems to be the best method so far with the method by Chen and Liu being a close second. The results of this study provide a foundational contribution to this field of research and can help companies detect crises as early as possible allowing the management to react appropriately.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the phenomenon of information (in)sufficiency in the context of flood risks. Individuals’ perception of how much risk information they need is a major trigger and driver of information-seeking behavior, and therefore it is an important part of creating effective preventive risk-communication campaigns. To understand factors that contribute to individuals’ sense of information (in)sufficiency, the roles played by prior experiences of floods and general risk sensitivity were analyzed using survey data from residents in flood-risk zones. The findings highlight that every third respondent reported a state of information sufficiency. Residents with prior experience evaluate their information sufficiency level based on their perception of consequences of future floods. But it is general risk sensitivity that best explains need for more information.
{"title":"When We Don't Want to Know More: Information Sufficiency and The Case Of Swedish Flood Risks","authors":"Yuliya Lakew, Ulrika Olausson","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the phenomenon of information (in)sufficiency in the context of flood risks. Individuals’ perception of how much risk information they need is a major trigger and driver of information-seeking behavior, and therefore it is an important part of creating effective preventive risk-communication campaigns. To understand factors that contribute to individuals’ sense of information (in)sufficiency, the roles played by prior experiences of floods and general risk sensitivity were analyzed using survey data from residents in flood-risk zones. The findings highlight that every third respondent reported a state of information sufficiency. Residents with prior experience evaluate their information sufficiency level based on their perception of consequences of future floods. But it is general risk sensitivity that best explains need for more information.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44256705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explored perceptions and effects of the Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) system for COVID-19 public health messaging after a message was sent to Pennsylvania residents in November 2020. Survey and interview research were conducted to understand the targeted publics’ reactions to this message and factors impacting potential behavior change. Findings showed residents who received the WEA expressed greater feelings of anger and surprise about the COVID-19 threat compared to those who did not. Additionally, for participants who did not receive the WEA message, higher arousals of fear and perceptions of threat severity predicted a higher likelihood that they would have changed their Thanksgiving plans. Interview data suggested positive emotions toward using WEAs for public health crises in general.
{"title":"Emotional Responses to Wireless Emergency Alerts for COVID-19 and Predictors of Public Health Compliance","authors":"Stephanie Madden, Nicholas Eng, J. Myrick","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored perceptions and effects of the Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) system for COVID-19 public health messaging after a message was sent to Pennsylvania residents in November 2020. Survey and interview research were conducted to understand the targeted publics’ reactions to this message and factors impacting potential behavior change. Findings showed residents who received the WEA expressed greater feelings of anger and surprise about the COVID-19 threat compared to those who did not. Additionally, for participants who did not receive the WEA message, higher arousals of fear and perceptions of threat severity predicted a higher likelihood that they would have changed their Thanksgiving plans. Interview data suggested positive emotions toward using WEAs for public health crises in general.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42845615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study integrates theories of metanarration and crisis narratives to identify optimal approaches to managing uncertain and high-pressure crisis situations. An online experiment used a U.S. adult sample to examine how (1) the primary narrative in a news story about the victim and (2) the secondary narrative with different crisis narratives used by the accused organization impacted the outcomes of the organization’s public communication about the ongoing crisis situation. Results showed that the secondary narrative, emphasizing renewal, played a significant role in (1) lowering perceived organizational crisis responsibility, (2) lessening organizational reputation damage, and (3) boosting supportive intention toward the organization. In addition, findings revealed that perceived organizational crisis responsibility and perceived organizational reputation functioned as sequential mediators for the relationship between the secondary narrative (using renewal crisis narrative) and participants’ intended support of the crisis-stricken organization. Findings advance crisis narrative theory and offer prescriptions for effective and ethical organizational responses in managing an ongoing crisis triggered by an unverified sexual harassment accusation against its members.
{"title":"Fending off Unverified Accusation with Narratives: The Role of Primary and Secondary Narratives in Organizational Response Effectiveness in an Ongoing Crisis","authors":"Yen-I Lee, Xuerong Lu, Taylor S. Voges, Yan Jin","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This study integrates theories of metanarration and crisis narratives to identify optimal approaches to managing uncertain and high-pressure crisis situations. An online experiment used a U.S. adult sample to examine how (1) the primary narrative in a news story about the victim and (2) the secondary narrative with different crisis narratives used by the accused organization impacted the outcomes of the organization’s public communication about the ongoing crisis situation. Results showed that the secondary narrative, emphasizing renewal, played a significant role in (1) lowering perceived organizational crisis responsibility, (2) lessening organizational reputation damage, and (3) boosting supportive intention toward the organization. In addition, findings revealed that perceived organizational crisis responsibility and perceived organizational reputation functioned as sequential mediators for the relationship between the secondary narrative (using renewal crisis narrative) and participants’ intended support of the crisis-stricken organization. Findings advance crisis narrative theory and offer prescriptions for effective and ethical organizational responses in managing an ongoing crisis triggered by an unverified sexual harassment accusation against its members.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43702167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the updated, ongoing recommendations for the COVID vaccine series and booster for children ages 6 months and older yet vaccine coverage remaining at less than 50% among children, it is critical for public health communicators to understand sources of vaccine hesitance among parents. A national survey of parents identifies the mediating effects of vaccine anxiety, safety, and fear on the relationships between COVID-19 threat and efficacy with behavioral intentions to vaccinate. Anxiety mediated the relationships between both threat and efficacy with parents’ behavioral intentions to vaccinate their children. Vaccine anxiety, safety, and fear mediated parents’ decisions to vaccinate themselves. Theoretical and applied implications are reviewed.
{"title":"The Mediation Effects of COVID Vaccine Anxiety, Safety, and Fear on the Relationships Between COVID-19 Threat and Efficacy Levels with Parents’ Intent to Vaccinate Children","authors":"Sejin Park, Elizabeth Avery","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Given the updated, ongoing recommendations for the COVID vaccine series and booster for children ages 6 months and older yet vaccine coverage remaining at less than 50% among children, it is critical for public health communicators to understand sources of vaccine hesitance among parents. A national survey of parents identifies the mediating effects of vaccine anxiety, safety, and fear on the relationships between COVID-19 threat and efficacy with behavioral intentions to vaccinate. Anxiety mediated the relationships between both threat and efficacy with parents’ behavioral intentions to vaccinate their children. Vaccine anxiety, safety, and fear mediated parents’ decisions to vaccinate themselves. Theoretical and applied implications are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41317076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Philippines’ risk communication system relies on information dissemination, which disregards local capacity for managing risk. This research aimed to examine risk communication in Roxas City, an important economic center working on capacitation after damage by Supertyphoon Haiyan. Guided by Encoding-Decoding theory, the researcher interviewed government officers and facilitated discussions at coastal and inland communities. The researcher found that local government viewed communities as audiences who intuitively knew what to do with scientific information. The coastal community had indigenous knowledge but acted based on fear of sanctions. The inland community discussed information from media, which led to community decision-making. These findings imply that local governments should consider the role of social networks unique to different communities when planning risk communication and hazard response.
{"title":"Good Neighbors, Good Response: Roxas, Capiz Post-Haiyan","authors":"Inez Z. Ponce de Leon","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.6.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Philippines’ risk communication system relies on information dissemination, which disregards local capacity for managing risk. This research aimed to examine risk communication in Roxas City, an important economic center working on capacitation after damage by Supertyphoon Haiyan. Guided by Encoding-Decoding theory, the researcher interviewed government officers and facilitated discussions at coastal and inland communities. The researcher found that local government viewed communities as audiences who intuitively knew what to do with scientific information. The coastal community had indigenous knowledge but acted based on fear of sanctions. The inland community discussed information from media, which led to community decision-making. These findings imply that local governments should consider the role of social networks unique to different communities when planning risk communication and hazard response.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69533747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Editorial Essay: Innovation in Risk and Crisis Communication: Toward New Topics, Theories, and Methods
社论：风险与危机沟通的创新：走向新的主题、理论和方法
{"title":"Editorial Essay: Innovation in Risk and Crisis Communication: Toward New Topics, Theories, and Methods","authors":"F. Meissner, A. Diers-Lawson","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.5.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.5.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial Essay: Innovation in Risk and Crisis Communication: Toward New Topics, Theories, and Methods","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47070324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis, at least 140 cities across the United States have experienced protests resulting in vandalism, looting, shootings, and other violence. These protests represent a challenge for community organizations such as convention and visitors bureaus (CVBs), whose responsibility is to promote their local community as a place for tourism, meetings, conferences, and other activities. This study explores the response of Visit Aurora, a Colorado CVB to engage their local protests inspired by the BLM movement, and a local case—the death of Elijah McClain. Within the paper a model for crisis engagement will be discussed, including the ethical responsibilities of institutions to support stakeholders even when they may not be directly responsible for the harms they have experienced.
{"title":"Local Organization Responses to Black Lives Matters Protests: Embracing an “Ethic of Care” When Engaging Community Crises by Convention Visitors Bureaus","authors":"J. Brand","doi":"10.30658/jicrcr.5.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.5.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Since the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis, at least 140 cities across the United States have experienced protests resulting in vandalism, looting, shootings, and other violence. These protests represent a challenge for community organizations such as convention and visitors bureaus (CVBs), whose responsibility is to promote their local community as a place for tourism, meetings, conferences, and other activities. This study explores the response of Visit Aurora, a Colorado CVB to engage their local protests inspired by the BLM movement, and a local case—the death of Elijah McClain. Within the paper a model for crisis engagement will be discussed, including the ethical responsibilities of institutions to support stakeholders even when they may not be directly responsible for the harms they have experienced.","PeriodicalId":34327,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49194805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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