Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414442
R. W. Robak, S. Weitzman
Abstract Grieving following the loss of a love relationship in young adulthood was examined. College students completed the loss version of the Grief Experience Inventory (GEI), another questionnaire, and an adaptation of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG). The results indicated that the more intimate the relationship had been, the greater the grief experienced. In addition, the more marriage had been considered, the greater the grief. Grief was disenfranchised primarily by family members, unless marriage had been considered. Few gender differences were seen, except that women both considered marriage and initiated the breakup more often. The specific feelings attached to the grieving were noted more often on the TRIG adaptation than on the GEI. The findings point to the significance of recognizing grief reactions in counseling and psychotherapy for depression in young adults.
{"title":"The Nature of Grief: Loss of Love Relationships in Young Adulthood.","authors":"R. W. Robak, S. Weitzman","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414442","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Grieving following the loss of a love relationship in young adulthood was examined. College students completed the loss version of the Grief Experience Inventory (GEI), another questionnaire, and an adaptation of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG). The results indicated that the more intimate the relationship had been, the greater the grief experienced. In addition, the more marriage had been considered, the greater the grief. Grief was disenfranchised primarily by family members, unless marriage had been considered. Few gender differences were seen, except that women both considered marriage and initiated the breakup more often. The specific feelings attached to the grieving were noted more often on the TRIG adaptation than on the GEI. The findings point to the significance of recognizing grief reactions in counseling and psychotherapy for depression in young adults.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116350677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414405
B. Meyerowitz, K. Y. Levin, J. Harvey
Abstract Whereas there is general agreement that supportive relationships can be important for the psychological well-being of cancer patients, findings are mixed regarding the extent to which high quality social support is available to them. This manuscript describes two studies that investigated the possibility that subtle disruptions may occur in social interactions with cancer patients because of discomfort on the part of inter octants. In Study 1, participants conversed with a confederate, who was described to some of them as a cancer patient. Although no differences were observed on behavioral measures or on participant self-reports of reactions to the conversation, confederate and observer ratings of conversation positivity indicated that participants who believed they were speaking with a cancer patient were less positive in their interactions. As predicted, these participants appeared to have conflicted reactions toward the confederate. The second study attempted to determine the extent to which ...
{"title":"On the nature of cancer patients' social interactions","authors":"B. Meyerowitz, K. Y. Levin, J. Harvey","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414405","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Whereas there is general agreement that supportive relationships can be important for the psychological well-being of cancer patients, findings are mixed regarding the extent to which high quality social support is available to them. This manuscript describes two studies that investigated the possibility that subtle disruptions may occur in social interactions with cancer patients because of discomfort on the part of inter octants. In Study 1, participants conversed with a confederate, who was described to some of them as a cancer patient. Although no differences were observed on behavioral measures or on participant self-reports of reactions to the conversation, confederate and observer ratings of conversation positivity indicated that participants who believed they were speaking with a cancer patient were less positive in their interactions. As predicted, these participants appeared to have conflicted reactions toward the confederate. The second study attempted to determine the extent to which ...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129871872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449908409715
J. Riskind
Abstract Looming vulnerability is proposed as an important cognitive component of threat or danger that elicits anxiety, sensitizes the individual to threat, biases cognitive processing, and makes the anxiety more persistent and less likely to habituate. In addition, it is postulated to be a principal theme that discriminates anxiety and fear from depression. The present article briefly outlines the model of looming vulnerability, with a particular emphasis on applying it to the study of psychological aspects of reactions to loss. It is held that a study of perceived threat as a static construct must give way to a more dynamic understanding of how people experience and perceive threat and loss. Moreover, many pathological reactions to threat and trauma can represent adaptations to ongoing states of looming vulnerability. The looming vulnerability model generates new hypotheses and opens several productive lines of inquiry for future research.
{"title":"The psychology of looming vulnerability: Its relationships to loss","authors":"J. Riskind","doi":"10.1080/10811449908409715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449908409715","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Looming vulnerability is proposed as an important cognitive component of threat or danger that elicits anxiety, sensitizes the individual to threat, biases cognitive processing, and makes the anxiety more persistent and less likely to habituate. In addition, it is postulated to be a principal theme that discriminates anxiety and fear from depression. The present article briefly outlines the model of looming vulnerability, with a particular emphasis on applying it to the study of psychological aspects of reactions to loss. It is held that a study of perceived threat as a static construct must give way to a more dynamic understanding of how people experience and perceive threat and loss. Moreover, many pathological reactions to threat and trauma can represent adaptations to ongoing states of looming vulnerability. The looming vulnerability model generates new hypotheses and opens several productive lines of inquiry for future research.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128098065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414433
Jake Stigers
Abstract On December 21, 1988, a terrorist bomb blew Pan Am Flight 103 out of the sky over Lockerbie, Scotland, 54 minutes after it took off from London's Heathrow Airport. The explosion sent 259 passengers and crew members tumbling 6 miles to their deaths, killed 11 people on the ground, and created waves of shock and grief that continue to reverberate across the globe. My friend Miriam Wolfe, one of 35 students returning from a semester in London under the auspices of Syracuse University, was on that flight. Her death was the final, jarring event in a traumatic year that had brought me the accidental deaths of four other friends in an Easter plane crash and the breast cancer that would force my mother to endure a mastecotomy and painful years of chemotherapy and drug treatments. While it is tempting to canonize the victims of violent disaster, Miriam was different–and inarguably deserving of such hagiography. A tribute written for one of three memorial scholarships established in her honor calls her a r...
{"title":"Surviving the bombing of pan am flight 103: The loss of innocence and a dear friend in an international tragedy","authors":"Jake Stigers","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414433","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On December 21, 1988, a terrorist bomb blew Pan Am Flight 103 out of the sky over Lockerbie, Scotland, 54 minutes after it took off from London's Heathrow Airport. The explosion sent 259 passengers and crew members tumbling 6 miles to their deaths, killed 11 people on the ground, and created waves of shock and grief that continue to reverberate across the globe. My friend Miriam Wolfe, one of 35 students returning from a semester in London under the auspices of Syracuse University, was on that flight. Her death was the final, jarring event in a traumatic year that had brought me the accidental deaths of four other friends in an Easter plane crash and the breast cancer that would force my mother to endure a mastecotomy and painful years of chemotherapy and drug treatments. While it is tempting to canonize the victims of violent disaster, Miriam was different–and inarguably deserving of such hagiography. A tribute written for one of three memorial scholarships established in her honor calls her a r...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"34 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121000997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414411
D. Lavallee, S. Gordon, J. Grove
Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine how a sample of elite athletes coped with distressful reactions to retirement from sport. As part of a larger research project, 15 former elite athletes were identified as having experienced severe emotional difficulties upon athletic career termination. Through use of a micronarrative methodology, it was determined that account making can be a significant moderator of distress during the career transition process. In addition, the quality of the account making was found to be related to present affect and overall success in coping with athletic retirement. Finally, changes in athletic identity were found to be significant determinants of adjustment for athletes upon career termination. Suggestions are presented for future research on treatment strategies for distressful reactions to retirement from sport.
{"title":"Retirement from sport and the loss of athletic identity","authors":"D. Lavallee, S. Gordon, J. Grove","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine how a sample of elite athletes coped with distressful reactions to retirement from sport. As part of a larger research project, 15 former elite athletes were identified as having experienced severe emotional difficulties upon athletic career termination. Through use of a micronarrative methodology, it was determined that account making can be a significant moderator of distress during the career transition process. In addition, the quality of the account making was found to be related to present affect and overall success in coping with athletic retirement. Finally, changes in athletic identity were found to be significant determinants of adjustment for athletes upon career termination. Suggestions are presented for future research on treatment strategies for distressful reactions to retirement from sport.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132429869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414431
R. Lifton
Abstract On March 20, 1995, Aum Shinrikyo, the fanatical Japanese cult, released lethal sarin gas on five Tokyo subway trains, killing 12 people and injuring more than 5,000. This article explores some of the psychological currents involving the guru, Shoko Asahara, his disciples, and the guru-disciple relationships within a violent theology. It also raises more general questions about groups crossing a threshold from anticipating Armageddon to attempting to bring it about.
{"title":"Reflections on aum shinrikyo","authors":"R. Lifton","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414431","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On March 20, 1995, Aum Shinrikyo, the fanatical Japanese cult, released lethal sarin gas on five Tokyo subway trains, killing 12 people and injuring more than 5,000. This article explores some of the psychological currents involving the guru, Shoko Asahara, his disciples, and the guru-disciple relationships within a violent theology. It also raises more general questions about groups crossing a threshold from anticipating Armageddon to attempting to bring it about.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128475452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449908409717
Michael J. Kirkhorn
Abstract As he turns 60 and, in spite of all assurances from family members and other well wishers convinces himself that this indeed is the beginning of old age, it occurs to a man that he should spend his birthday in the City of Light, Ernest Hemingway's “moveable feast” the city for the young—Paris. He is given that opportunity, and as he wanders the city he finds reflected in its life—even the tourist-dominated life of Paris in the summer—the losses that he believes he now must recognize, the occasional grimness of that recognition, and some consolation for suffering the sense of loss—not only lost youth but lost middle age, with all that it implies.
{"title":"Turning 60 in paris, city of old men","authors":"Michael J. Kirkhorn","doi":"10.1080/10811449908409717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449908409717","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As he turns 60 and, in spite of all assurances from family members and other well wishers convinces himself that this indeed is the beginning of old age, it occurs to a man that he should spend his birthday in the City of Light, Ernest Hemingway's “moveable feast” the city for the young—Paris. He is given that opportunity, and as he wanders the city he finds reflected in its life—even the tourist-dominated life of Paris in the summer—the losses that he believes he now must recognize, the occasional grimness of that recognition, and some consolation for suffering the sense of loss—not only lost youth but lost middle age, with all that it implies.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125805570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449908409736
M. S. Omar-Fauzee, A. Pringle, D. Lavallee
Abstract This study was designed to assess the effects of lost resources on exercise behavior among a sample of 30 foreign exchange students who were identified as having experienced a relapse in their level of physical activity. The first phase of the study was longitudinal in nature, comparing baseline data collected from a sample of 110 exchange students from Malaysia on their initial arrival in England with data collected from the same sample 4 months later. Results of a multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant effect for scores on processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance, F(12, 18) = 12.74, p < .001. Subsequent examination of univariate F values also revealed significant differences for self-reevaluation, reinforcement management, self-liberation, and self-efficacy. Results from the second phase of the study, which qualitatively assessed the relationship between reductions in physical activity and personal/material resources, revealed that exercise behavior was sign...
摘要本研究旨在评估资源损失对30名体育活动水平复发的外国交换生的运动行为的影响。研究的第一阶段是纵向的，比较了110名马来西亚交换学生初到英国时的基线数据和4个月后的数据。多变量方差分析结果显示，得分对改变过程、自我效能和决策平衡有显著影响，F(12,18) = 12.74, p < .001。随后对单变量F值的检查也显示了自我重评价、强化管理、自我解放和自我效能的显著差异。研究的第二阶段定性地评估了体力活动减少与个人/物质资源之间的关系，结果显示，锻炼行为是一项显著的影响因素。
{"title":"Exercise behavior change and the effect of lost resources","authors":"M. S. Omar-Fauzee, A. Pringle, D. Lavallee","doi":"10.1080/10811449908409736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449908409736","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was designed to assess the effects of lost resources on exercise behavior among a sample of 30 foreign exchange students who were identified as having experienced a relapse in their level of physical activity. The first phase of the study was longitudinal in nature, comparing baseline data collected from a sample of 110 exchange students from Malaysia on their initial arrival in England with data collected from the same sample 4 months later. Results of a multivariate analysis of variance indicated a significant effect for scores on processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance, F(12, 18) = 12.74, p < .001. Subsequent examination of univariate F values also revealed significant differences for self-reevaluation, reinforcement management, self-liberation, and self-efficacy. Results from the second phase of the study, which qualitatively assessed the relationship between reductions in physical activity and personal/material resources, revealed that exercise behavior was sign...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127120052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449908409718
Jesse R. Aros, Paul Buckingham, X. Rodriguez
Abstract A single case study examines the use of a curandera (Mexican folk healer) in helping a 22-year-old traditional first-generation raza (an in-group reference for identifying a Mexican individual of full or partial indigenous Mesoamerican heritage) male undergraduate student in a mid-sized city in the southwestern United States resolve grief issues. This article assesses the possible linkage between grief abreaction based on an atypical response to socio cultural gender expectancies relative to machismo (socially sanctioned Mexican male scripts for “gender-appropriate” behavior, identification, and role evaluations) and individually based universal grieving needs (Kubler-Ross, 1969; Parry, 1990, Salcido, 1990). It is posited that Mexican American mental health professionals may not always be viewed as sanctioned change agents by raza clients. Justifications and a need to examine and include traditional healers are briefly presented. A call for further exploration/ application of this practice is issued.
{"title":"On machismo, grief abreactions, and mexican culture: The case of mr. x, the counselor, and the curandera","authors":"Jesse R. Aros, Paul Buckingham, X. Rodriguez","doi":"10.1080/10811449908409718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449908409718","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A single case study examines the use of a curandera (Mexican folk healer) in helping a 22-year-old traditional first-generation raza (an in-group reference for identifying a Mexican individual of full or partial indigenous Mesoamerican heritage) male undergraduate student in a mid-sized city in the southwestern United States resolve grief issues. This article assesses the possible linkage between grief abreaction based on an atypical response to socio cultural gender expectancies relative to machismo (socially sanctioned Mexican male scripts for “gender-appropriate” behavior, identification, and role evaluations) and individually based universal grieving needs (Kubler-Ross, 1969; Parry, 1990, Salcido, 1990). It is posited that Mexican American mental health professionals may not always be viewed as sanctioned change agents by raza clients. Justifications and a need to examine and include traditional healers are briefly presented. A call for further exploration/ application of this practice is issued.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"10 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124733031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414429
R. Gist, B. Lubin, B. G. Redburn
Abstract Psychological intervention has grown in little more than a decade from an occasional afterthought in disaster response systems to a thriving enterprise; with that growth, however, have come features that sometimes resemble cottage industries, social movements, or, in extreme cases, evangelical cults. The social history of this evolution is reviewed from the perspective of participant observers, and the issues and implications of recent research are considered in the context of integrated models of theory, research, and application.
{"title":"Psychosocial, ecological, and community perspectives on disaster response","authors":"R. Gist, B. Lubin, B. G. Redburn","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414429","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Psychological intervention has grown in little more than a decade from an occasional afterthought in disaster response systems to a thriving enterprise; with that growth, however, have come features that sometimes resemble cottage industries, social movements, or, in extreme cases, evangelical cults. The social history of this evolution is reviewed from the perspective of participant observers, and the issues and implications of recent research are considered in the context of integrated models of theory, research, and application.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124815489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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