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The simultaneous existence of modernist and neo-avant-garde tendencies in nonconformist art of Ukraine in the 1980s 20世纪80年代乌克兰非传统艺术中现代主义和新先锋主义倾向的同时存在
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.17.2021.248422
Glib Vysheslavsky
In the early 1980s, the nonconformist art movement in Odesa, which had been developing since the mid-1950s, was widened by a new generation of artists. Their art searches differed significantly from their senior colleagues, which led to the formation of a separate movement within nonconformism, which later became known as APTART. The differences were mainly in the worldview of artists, aesthetics, themes, artistic techniques. The art of the new generation was closer to the Western neo-avant-garde, while their older colleagues tended toward modernism.The presence of two different well-defined movements within the nonconformism, a phenomenon in itself countercultural to official culture, distinguished the artistic process in Odesa in the 1980s from other cities in Ukraine. It is these features of the artistic life of that time, still insufficiently covered and analysed.The text considers the part of the work of the Odesa APTART artists, which the most clearly displays the elements of neo-avant-garde aesthetics, that, accordingly, affected the artistic means: acts, performances happenings; the differences between the two groups of artists belonging to the nonconformist subculture were analysed. Specific acts, works of the APTART artists opposed to the background of creative activity of their colleagues are considered. The stages of the APTART artists’ creativity development are traced. Within the disclosure of the research theme, the text highlights the processes of nonconformist artistic life in the main cities of Ukraine, traces parallels to similar phenomena in world art.Due to the experience of recent researches, the terms that directly affect the subject of the paper are specified: nonconformism, informal art, avant-garde, modernism, neo-avant-garde.
20世纪80年代初,新一代艺术家扩大了敖德萨自20世纪50年代中期以来一直在发展的非传统艺术运动。他们的艺术探索与他们的高级同事有很大不同,这导致了在非正统主义中形成了一个单独的运动,后来被称为APTART。差异主要表现在艺术家的世界观、美学、主题、艺术手法等方面。新一代的艺术更接近西方的新前卫,而他们的老同事则倾向于现代主义。非传统主义中存在着两种不同的、定义明确的运动,这种现象本身就是对官方文化的反文化现象,将20世纪80年代敖德萨的艺术进程与乌克兰其他城市区分开来。正是当时艺术生活的这些特征,还没有得到充分的涵盖和分析。文本考虑了敖德萨艺术家作品中最清晰地展示了新前卫美学元素的部分,从而影响了艺术手段:行为、表演;分析了两组艺术家在非传统亚文化中的差异。具体的行为,APTART艺术家的作品反对他们的同事的创造性活动的背景。追溯了APART艺术家创造力发展的各个阶段。在研究主题的揭示中,文本突出了乌克兰主要城市非传统艺术生活的过程,追溯了世界艺术中类似现象的相似之处。根据最近的研究经验,明确了直接影响论文主题的术语:非传统主义、非正规艺术、先锋派、现代主义、新先锋派。
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引用次数: 0
The historical significance of the ARMU during the NEP and Ukrainization 新经济政策和乌克兰化时期亚美尼亚民族联盟的历史意义
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.17.2021.248426
Andriy Sydorenko
The article examines the circumstances of the founding of the Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine (ARMU), its program principles and significance in the history of Ukrainian art in the second half of the 1920s — early 1930s. The cultural and political reasons and consequences of the introduction of the NEP, Ukrainization, collectivization and reform of art education in the Ukrainian SSR, as well as the changes that took place after the transfer of power in the USSR from V. Lenin to J. Stalin were analyzed. It was found that the ARMU was founded against the background of intensifying competition between left and right wings of art, as well as the emergence of branches of the Russian associations AHRR (Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia) and LEF (Left Front of Art) in the Ukrainian SSR. It is shown how the connection of the ARMU with the Kyiv Art Institute (KKhI), its rector, teachers and students influenced the formation of a broad program of this association, which proclaimed the equality of all types of fine arts and design. It is analyzed how the resolutions of the Communist Party and the peculiarities of cultural policy in the field of fine arts in the Ukrainian SSR during the time of O. Shumsky and M. Skrypnyk influenced the activities of art associations and the ARMU in particular. The statements of the ideologists of the ARMU I. Vrona and V. Sedlyar about the realism and activity of the Russian association of the AKhRR in the Ukrainian SSR are analyzed. The consequences of the collapse of the NEP and Ukrainization, with the fight against formalism on the fate of the ARMU and its members were revealed.
本文考察了乌克兰革命艺术协会(ARMU)成立的情况,其计划原则和意义在乌克兰艺术史上的下半叶20世纪20年代至30年代初。分析了乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国引入新经济政策、乌克兰化、集体化和艺术教育改革的文化和政治原因和后果,以及苏联从列宁到斯大林的权力转移后发生的变化。人们发现,ARMU是在左翼和右翼艺术之间竞争加剧的背景下成立的,以及乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国俄罗斯协会AHRR(革命俄罗斯艺术家协会)和LEF(左翼艺术阵线)分支机构的出现。它显示了ARMU与基辅艺术学院(KKhI)、其院长、教师和学生的联系如何影响了该协会广泛计划的形成,该协会宣布所有类型的美术和设计平等。本文分析了在O. Shumsky和M. Skrypnyk时期,共产党的决议和乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国美术领域文化政策的特点如何影响艺术协会和ARMU的活动。ARMU的思想家I. Vrona和V. Sedlyar关于AKhRR在乌克兰苏维埃社会主义共和国的俄罗斯协会的现实主义和活动的声明进行了分析。新经济政策的崩溃和乌克兰化的后果,以及反对形式主义对ARMU及其成员命运的影响,已经显露出来。
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引用次数: 0
Educational space of visual art of Ukraine 乌克兰视觉艺术教育空间
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.17.2021.248434
N. Bulavina
The article analyses the educational space of Ukrainian visual arts. The educational component of the modern art system is insufficiently studied and requires the definition of its boundaries, a description of the main characteristics, the delineation of development vectors. Therefore, the article gives a meticulous view of the preconditions and history of building the basic principles of the educational order of local visual arts. The rest of the research examines the current learning process, its structure, components and communication links.The author determines the place of education in the system of institutional structure of modern visual art of Ukraine, emphasizes its features in relation to the global educational art paradigm.
本文分析了乌克兰视觉艺术的教育空间。现代艺术体系的教育组成部分没有得到充分的研究,需要界定其边界、描述主要特征、描绘发展载体。因此,本文对构建地方视觉艺术教育秩序的基本原则的前提和历史进行了细致的论述。其余的研究考察了当前的学习过程、结构、组成部分和沟通环节。作者确定了教育在乌克兰现代视觉艺术制度结构体系中的地位,强调了其与全球教育艺术范式的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Продюсерство і режисура: інтеграція професій у контексті соціокультурних трансформацій кінопроцесу 行业与导演:在电影过程的社会文化转型背景下整合职业
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.220001
О. О. Мусієнко
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引用次数: 0
Графіка Олександра Богомазова на сторінках київських періодичних видань у 1908–1912 роках 亚历山大·博戈马佐夫在1908-1912年中国定期版上的图表
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.219990
Олена Кашуба-Вольвач
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引用次数: 1
Composition School as a Subject of Scholarly Study 作文派作为学术研究的主体
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.219992
Olena Dmytriyeva
The article studies the phenomenon of a composition school that in the history of culture was perceived as an importantcultural phenomenon requiring a thorough study. For many centuries, the history of culture and art was associated with the artists’desire to define and affirm their creative achievements in society. Creative activities have always played a significant role in society.A composer never limits himself to pure creativity but persistently implements his spiritual ideals in life attracting adherents andfollowers. At the same time, the very position of the artist in his environment depended on the historical and political circumstancesthat dictated the attitude of certain circles of society to art in general and towards the work of an individual artist (poets, sculptors,composers etc.) in particularThe aim of the article is to reveal the concept of a composition school as a normative-value system aimed at the formation and preservation of professional experience and to study its connection to a scientific school.
文章研究了在文化史上被视为需要深入研究的重要文化现象的作文派现象。几个世纪以来,文化和艺术的历史与艺术家们定义和肯定他们在社会上的创造性成就的愿望联系在一起。创造性活动在社会中一直扮演着重要的角色。作曲家从不把自己局限于纯粹的创作,而是在生活中执着地实现自己的精神理想,吸引着追随者和追随者。与此同时,艺术家在他所处的环境中的地位取决于历史和政治环境,这些环境决定了某些社会阶层对艺术的总体态度,以及对个别艺术家(诗人、本文的目的是揭示作曲学派作为一种旨在形成和保存专业经验的规范价值体系的概念,并研究其与科学学派的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Park of Forged Figures as an Art Practice of Ukrainian Blacksmithing 作为乌克兰锻造艺术实践的伪造人物公园
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.220002
S. Rohotchenko
The Park of Forged Figures in Donetsk is a unique artistic, sociocultural, and political phenomenon. There is no other suchexhibition space for contemporary blacksmithing art neither in Ukraine nor abroad. This creative and subsequently museum space was setup by the blacksmithing community of Ukraine; its size and number of works on display makes it probably the largest in Ukraine up to date.During the period of 2001–2013, the Park of Forged Figures was a place for the annual gatherings for the blacksmiths from all regionsof Ukraine and from abroad. This outstanding platform included blacksmithing workshops, specialized conferences, as well as informalmeetings focusing on professional experiments in this field of creative art. Along with the annual Blacksmiths Festival in Ivano-Frankivsk,the Park of Forged Figures in Donetsk during the mentioned period became an unparalleled site for creative experiments and practicingblacksmithing craft, for expressive innovations and stylistic diversity. Thus, the relevance of the research is based on the conceptual load ofthe Park’s projects that needs to be studied; also the landmark role of the Park in the social-cultural advance of the country should be outlined.
顿涅茨克的伪造人物公园是一个独特的艺术、社会文化和政治现象。无论在乌克兰还是国外,都没有其他这样的当代锻造艺术展览空间。这个富有创意的博物馆空间是由乌克兰的铁匠社区建立的;它的规模和展出的作品数量可能是乌克兰迄今为止最大的。在2001-2003年期间,锻造人物公园是乌克兰所有地区和国外铁匠年度聚会的场所。这个杰出的平台包括锻造工作坊、专业会议,以及专注于创意艺术领域专业实验的信息会议。随着一年一度的伊万诺-弗兰基夫斯克铁匠节,顿涅茨克的锻造人物公园在上述时期成为了一个无与伦比的创意实验和实践锻造工艺的场所,表现力创新和风格多样性。因此,研究的相关性是基于需要研究的公园项目的概念负荷;还应概述公园在国家社会文化进步中的标志性作用。
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引用次数: 0
Використання просторової структури культурних ландшафтів для туристичних практик 利用文化景观的空间结构进行旅游实践
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.219993
Степан Іванович Дичковський
The practice of using the spatial structure of cultural landscapes for tourist practices is considered and analyzed. A number of both Ukrainian and foreign tourist practices are covered, which allow to model creative cultural spaces, as well as to solve problemsrelated to the modern transformation of the living environment of local communities — carriers of cultural values.It is determined that the cultural landscape is a necessary tourist resource for the development of tourist and recreational activities.The cultural landscape creates a favorable basis for knowledge and representation of the territory. In recreation and tourism, the landscapecan be considered as a natural and anthropogenic environment in which recreational and tourist processes take place and attractive areaswith tourist attractions. The formation of the cultural landscape reflected the peculiarities of the economic activity of the territory, its nature and culture, ethnic, spiritual and sacred features. It is analyzed that the approach to cultural landscapes, as landscapes formed by human culture, in which their most essential features are engraved, is inherent in the study of sacred geographical objects and phenomena.The use of the spatial structure of cultural landscapes for tourist practices is investigated and theoretically substantiated.It is substantiated that the cultural landscape is an independent spatial-territorial unit, within which the natural and cultural heritage enrich each other. The surrounding cultural space becomes harmonious, unique and attractive for both citizens and foreign tourists.It is proved that the use of the spatial structure of cultural landscapes is closely related to the historical and cultural heritage andunique culture of local communities, passed down from generation to generation in the form of customs, rituals, folk festivals and traditional forms of management., allow to model creative cultural spaces, and also to solve the problems connected with modern transformation of an environment of local communities — carriers of cultural values.
对文化景观空间结构在旅游实践中的应用进行了思考和分析。该项目涵盖了乌克兰和外国游客的一些实践,这些实践可以模拟创造性的文化空间,并解决与当地社区生活环境的现代转型有关的问题-文化价值的载体。确定了文化景观是发展旅游休闲活动所必需的旅游资源。文化景观为了解和展示该地区创造了有利的基础。在康乐和旅游业中,景观可被视为发生康乐和旅游过程的自然和人为环境,以及具有旅游景点的有吸引力的区域。文化景观的形成反映了该领土经济活动的特点、自然和文化、民族、精神和神圣特征。分析认为,文化景观作为人类文化形成的景观,其最本质的特征被镌刻在其中,其研究方法是对神圣地理对象和现象的研究所固有的。对文化景观空间结构在旅游实践中的应用进行了研究,并从理论上进行了论证。文化景观是一个独立的空间领土单元,自然遗产和文化遗产在其中相互丰富。周围的文化空间变得和谐,独特,吸引着市民和外国游客。事实证明,文化景观空间结构的使用与当地社区的历史文化遗产和独特文化密切相关,以习俗、仪式、民间节日和传统管理形式代代相传。,既可以模拟创意文化空间,也可以解决与当地社区环境的现代转型有关的问题-文化价值的载体。
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引用次数: 0
Необарокові тенденції в українському мистецтві кінця 1980-х — 2000-х років: актуальність національного досвіду 20世纪80年代末乌克兰艺术的不可逆趋势——2000年:当前的国家经验
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.219986
Галина Скляренко
The article analyzes the peculiarities of the interpretation of Baroque traditions in Ukrainian art of the late 1980-2000years. In the works of artists baroque emerged not only as one of the main traditions of Ukrainian art, but also a cross-cutting problem ofnational culture that needed discussion and analysis. Exploring in artistis way the contradictions of national experience, the new artistsdrew attention to issues of national history, contradictions of socio-political progress and cultural development of the country.
本文分析了1980年代后期至2000年乌克兰艺术中巴洛克传统解释的特殊性。在艺术家的作品中,巴洛克不仅是乌克兰艺术的主要传统之一,而且是一个需要讨论和分析的民族文化的跨领域问题。新一代艺术家以艺术家的方式探索民族经验的矛盾,关注民族历史、社会政治进步的矛盾和国家文化发展的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Концепція інноваційної системи управління культурним надбанням України
Pub Date : 2020-12-21 DOI: 10.31500/2309-8813.16.2020.219988
Наталія Кондель-Пермінова
Analysis of the roots of issues in Ukrainian preservation field gives ground to substantiate the topicality of creating an effective management model for the cultural heritage of Ukraine, aimed at regulating the processes of interaction between state, business, and society, atachieving a balance of interests in compliance with the law. The need to create a management system that would allow Ukrainian society to obtain sovereignty over its own future by solving the problem of preservation and further development of cultural heritage and would enable proactive participation of private sector in the processes of use of cultural objects has been emphasized in the study.In the article, the methodological basis, core content, terms and ideas of the innovative Conceptual Framework for Management of the Cultural Heritage of Ukraine have been outlined. The conceptual framework was developed in 2018–2020 by the team of Ukrainian professionals in the fiend upon their own initiative. Conceptual framework, which was built from the scratch, is based on transition from the concept of a branchto the concept of a field, as well as on the fundamental change of the paradigm: from ideology of protection of cultural heritage to its preservation.The key aspect of the conceptual framework is management of cultural heritage as a public–private partnership. The basic processes, agentsof legal regulation, fundamental modes of participation of agents in the basic processes on every stage of these processes, and features of interaction have been set out. National Cultural Heritage Fund has been defined as a key managing institution that accumulates financial resources andconducts the search for the objects of cultural heritage, maintenance of the electronic registry (where all forms, types, and kinds of cultural objects would be listed), development and implementation of programs and projects; that forms the state demand for training, evaluation and certification of professionals; organizes the Supervisory Divisions (being the bodies of territorial administration). Strategic Forum has been chosen as a communication center (hub) for governance of cultural heritage. The conceptual framework is a foundation for further drafting of legislationthat would regulate the respective relations between regulatory agents and stakeholders.
对乌克兰文化遗产保护领域问题根源的分析,为建立有效的乌克兰文化遗产管理模式提供了依据,该模式旨在规范国家、企业和社会之间的互动过程,在遵守法律的情况下实现利益平衡。该研究强调需要建立一种管理制度,使乌克兰社会能够通过解决保护和进一步发展文化遗产的问题来获得对自己未来的主权,并使私营部门能够积极参与使用文物的过程。本文概述了《乌克兰文化遗产管理概念框架》的方法论基础、核心内容、术语和理念。该概念框架是由乌克兰专业团队在2018-2020年主动开发的。概念框架从无到有,它的基础是从一个分支的概念到一个领域的概念的转变,以及范式的根本转变:从文化遗产保护的意识形态到文化遗产的保存。概念框架的关键方面是作为公私伙伴关系管理文化遗产。阐述了法律规制的基本过程、法律规制主体、法律规制各阶段主体参与基本过程的基本模式以及相互作用的特征。国家文化遗产基金被定义为一个重要的管理机构,它积累资金,进行文化遗产的搜寻、维护电子登记(所有形式、类型和种类的文物将被列入其中)、制定和实施计划和项目;形成国家对专业人员培训、考核和认证的需求;组织监督部门(作为领土管理机构)。战略论坛被选为文化遗产管理的交流中心(枢纽)。概念框架是进一步起草立法的基础,这些立法将规范监管机构与利益相关者之间的各自关系。
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引用次数: 0
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Suchasne mistetstvo
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