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The Story Behind the Mouse: Transformational Leadership at the Walt Disney Company 《老鼠背后的故事:华特迪士尼公司变革式的领导
Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.24073/jga/4/01/08
Alexandra Liotopoulos
This paper will focus on the evolving leadership styles and challenges associated with them for the global media and entertainment conglomerate, the Walt Disney Company. While it started as a family-owned business by two humble brothers with a dream to create and innovate, it has evolved into a multinational and multi-sectoral company serving audiences of all ages. The Walt Disney Company is a company that allows its fans to grow with it, as those who start as fans could eventually work for the company in various capacities. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the leadership styles of Walt Disney and more recent CEOs to understand how they can be considered transformational leaders. Additionally, this paper will review the company culture and outline issues of corporate governance surrounding the company to help us understand what they can continue to improve upon. Overall, the constant innovation throughout all sectors of the Walt Disney Company allows the company to remain true to its founding mission despite becoming a public company.
本文将重点关注全球媒体和娱乐集团华特迪士尼公司不断发展的领导风格和与之相关的挑战。虽然它最初是两个怀着创造和创新梦想的卑微兄弟的家族企业,但它已经发展成为一家跨国和多部门的公司,为所有年龄段的观众提供服务。华特迪士尼公司是一家允许其粉丝与公司一起成长的公司,因为那些从粉丝开始的人最终可能会以各种身份为公司工作。本文的目的是分析沃尔特迪斯尼和最近的ceo的领导风格,以了解他们如何被认为是变革型领导者。此外,本文将回顾公司文化并概述公司治理的问题,以帮助我们了解他们可以继续改进的地方。总的来说,华特迪士尼公司各个部门的不断创新使该公司在成为上市公司的同时仍然忠于其创始使命。
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引用次数: 0
Reflection of adolescent-to-parent violence in media news in Turkey 土耳其媒体新闻对青少年对父母暴力的反映
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2006
Berna Eren, Özge Kovan
This study aims to analyze how news about adolescent-to parent violence is reflected in the media. Certain phrases that define adolescent-to-parent violence were identified and searched on Google search engine. The news between 2018 and 2022 was scanned by applying the time filter. The news were evaluated in terms of the scope, the socio demographic correlations, and the causes of adolescent-to parent violence. Descriptive statistics was expressed as mean±standard deviation and median. Categorical parameters were represented with frequency and percentage values. The Chi-Square test were used for  standard statistical analyses. A p value of <0.05 was considered ‘statistically significant’. Between 2018 and 2022, a total of 58 individual news were identified. It was  found that the majority of adolescents were male while the majority of parent-victims were fathers, and that adolescents had a high rate of using firearms in cases of violence that were usually due to an altercation. Inconsistencies between different media sources regarding their coverage of the incidents, which would lead to violations of the rights of adolescents and parent-victims, have been determined. The study showed that although the causes of adolescent-to-parent violence differ, it is apparent that adolescents use violence commonly as a way of solving their problems. Since no studies specific to adolescent-to-parent violence conducted in Turkey could be found, it can be concluded that there is a need for studies that will provide healthy and accurate data on the dimension, frequency and variables of the problem. In addition, it is suggested that the media can play an important role in preventing the violence in general through accurate, complete, impartial and responsible reporting.
本研究旨在分析媒体如何反映青少年对父母暴力的新闻。在谷歌搜索引擎上发现了一些定义青少年对父母暴力的短语。使用时间滤波器扫描2018年至2022年之间的新闻。这些新闻是根据范围、社会人口相关性和青少年对父母暴力的原因进行评估的。描述性统计以均数±标准差和中位数表示。分类参数用频率和百分比值表示。标准统计分析采用卡方检验。p值<0.05认为有统计学意义。在2018年至2022年期间,共有58条个人新闻被确认。调查发现,大多数青少年是男性,而大多数父母受害者是父亲,青少年在暴力案件中使用枪支的比例很高,通常是由于争吵。已经确定,不同的媒体来源在报道这些事件方面存在不一致,这将导致侵犯青少年和受害者父母的权利。研究表明,虽然青少年对父母的暴力行为的原因不同,但很明显,青少年通常将暴力作为解决问题的一种方式。由于在土耳其没有找到专门针对青少年对父母的暴力行为进行的研究,因此可以得出结论,有必要进行研究,就该问题的规模、频率和变量提供健康和准确的数据。此外,还建议媒体可以通过准确、完整、公正和负责任的报道,在预防一般暴力方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Awareness levels of primary school teachers about child abuse and neglect: A survey in Istanbul 伊斯坦布尔小学教师对虐待和忽视儿童的意识水平调查
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2017
İremsu İlksen Uçar
Cases of child abuse are frequently encountered both in our country and in other countries. It is thought that increasing the awareness level of people who work with or have close relationships with children will be effective in reducing abuse cases. Based on this idea, the data of the survey study conducted with primary school teachers areincluded in the article.The results of the survey conducted with primary school teachers who work with children and have close relationships reveal the awareness levels of primary school teachers on this issue.The result of this study; it has been seen that the number of training given should be increased, the quality should be improved and the scope should be expanded. The study also revealed that it is believed that increasing trust in the judiciary will increase the reporting of abuse cases.
虐待儿童的案件在我国和其他国家都经常发生。人们认为,提高与儿童一起工作或与儿童有密切关系的人的认识水平将有效减少虐待案件。基于这一思路,本文采用了对小学教师进行调查研究的数据。对与儿童有密切关系的小学教师进行的调查结果揭示了小学教师对这一问题的认识程度。本研究结果;人们认为,应增加培训的数量,提高培训的质量,扩大培训的范围。该研究还显示,人们相信,对司法机构的信任增加将增加虐待案件的报告。
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引用次数: 0
Examination of the social lives of individiuals exposed to violence in adolescence 对青少年时期遭受暴力的个体的社会生活的研究
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2008
Alim Cansiz
Violence, which is defined as all kinds of harmful behavior by the strong against the weak; Unfortunately, it appears in every area of our lives, in every age group. In particular, individuals who are exposed to violence during adolescence, all kinds of negative situations they experience during the development stage cause them to be unable to develop themselves personally and socially. These social features that cannot be developed not only make communication difficult for individuals, but also make them helpless in situations that require them to take action in daily life. In this study; Although it happened in the past, it is aimed to raise awareness against violence by showing how the effects of violence affect the lives of individuals in the future.In this study, in order to examine the effect of violence on social life, a survey was conducted on 100 people who were found to have been subjected to violence throughout Turkey. According to the results of the survey, the study was evaluated and the findings were examined.
暴力,它被定义为强者对弱者的各种有害行为;不幸的是,它出现在我们生活的各个领域,每个年龄段。特别是在青少年时期遭受暴力的个体,他们在发展阶段所经历的各种负面情况,使他们无法在个人和社会上发展自己。这些无法发展的社会特征不仅使个体沟通困难,而且使他们在日常生活中需要采取行动的情况下感到无助。在本研究中;虽然它发生在过去,但它的目的是通过展示暴力的影响如何影响个人未来的生活来提高对暴力的认识。在这项研究中,为了检查暴力对社会生活的影响,对土耳其各地被发现遭受暴力的100人进行了调查。根据调查结果,对研究进行了评估,并对研究结果进行了检验。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between violence at video games and the consumer’s trait anger and anger expression styles of various variable 电子游戏中的暴力行为与消费者特质性愤怒及各种变量的愤怒表达方式之间的关系
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2019
Mahire Aslan, Hilal Karayazı, Hatice Saddiki
It can be said that games designed with the theme of violence are the risk factor for the appearance of aggressive attitudes and behaviours. In this case, it has become important to understand the extent of the psychological effects of media contents on consumers.The level of consumption of violent video games in which age range and the level of trait anger-anger style is aimed to reveal.The sample of the study consisted of 286 students. Of the participants, 147 (51.4%) were female and 139 (48.6%) were male. Boys (33.3%;n=39) and high school students (33.7%;n=28) play violent video games more frequently. The level of trait anger was found to be higher in the participants (high school level participants) who played games. The level of outward anger (university level participants) of the game-playing participants were found to be high.
可以说,以暴力为主题设计的游戏是出现攻击性态度和行为的风险因素。在这种情况下,了解媒体内容对消费者的心理影响程度就变得很重要了。目的是揭示不同年龄群体的暴力电子游戏消费水平和愤怒-愤怒类型特征水平。该研究的样本包括286名学生。其中女性147人(51.4%),男性139人(48.6%)。男孩(33.3%,n=39)和高中生(33.7%,n=28)更频繁地玩暴力电子游戏。研究发现,玩游戏的参与者(高中水平的参与者)的特质性愤怒水平更高。研究发现,玩游戏的参与者(大学水平的参与者)的外向愤怒水平较高。
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引用次数: 2
“Stop cyberhate speech, e-friendship is possible” project as an awareness study on combating cyber hate speech in Istanbul and Izmir “停止网络仇恨言论,电子友谊是可能的”项目,作为伊斯坦布尔和伊兹密尔打击网络仇恨言论的意识研究
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2014
N. Polat, Mahire Aslan, Hilal Karayazı
Cyber hate speech has been increasing rapidly in Turkey, as in the rest of the world, the devastating effects of the cyber hate speech on youth is irrefutable. It has been seen that the rate of cyber hate speech among youth is relatively higher in Istanbul and Izmir. Stop Cyber Hate Speech, E friendship is possible project aims to inform and raise awareness among youth aged 18-30 from vairous backgrounds about cyber hate speech. The project was implemented in Izmir and Istanbul,with twenty youth from the host community and twenty youth from different backgrounds. Throughout the project, online and in-person trainings focused on cyber hate speech were implemented in these chosen cities. Education workshops from guest speakers along with the interactive activities were part of the training program. A dissemination stage of the project included daily informative instagram posts, online live sessions with experts on cyber hate speech and online workshops to increase the sustainability of the project. The main highlight of the participants feedback is that they feel more secure and aware of the threats related to identification and protection from cyber hate speech. In this article, the details of the project Stop Cyber Hate Speech, E-friendship is possible will be examined in the context of raising awareness and combating cyber hate speech among youth.
与世界其他地区一样,网络仇恨言论在土耳其迅速增加,网络仇恨言论对年轻人的破坏性影响是无可辩驳的。据了解,在伊斯坦布尔和伊兹密尔,青少年的网络仇恨言论率相对较高。停止网络仇恨言论,E友谊是可能的项目旨在告知和提高来自不同背景的18-30岁青年对网络仇恨言论的认识。该项目在伊兹密尔和伊斯坦布尔实施,来自东道社区的20名青年和来自不同背景的20名青年参与了该项目。在整个项目中,在这些选定的城市实施了针对网络仇恨言论的在线和面对面培训。由演讲嘉宾举办的教育研讨会以及互动活动是培训计划的一部分。该项目的传播阶段包括每日发布信息instagram,与网络仇恨言论专家的在线直播会议以及在线研讨会,以增加项目的可持续性。参与者反馈的主要亮点是,他们感到更安全,并意识到与身份识别和防范网络仇恨言论有关的威胁。本文将在提高青少年意识及打击网络仇恨言论的背景下,检视“停止网络仇恨言论,电子友谊成为可能”计划的细节。
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引用次数: 0
Forensic medicine dimension of gang rape cases against adolescents 针对青少年的轮奸案件的法医学层面
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2005
Esin Akgül Kalkan
Aim: Gang rape incidents are rarer than other forms of sexual abuse, and there is little research focusing on adolescent victims. The aim of this study is to describe the common characteristics of gang rape cases against adolescents and the forensic medical evaluation process.Method: News and medical literature published in the internet media were searched. Google search engine and Google Scholar were used as browser. Key words were “gang rape”, “young”, “child”, “adolescent”, “gang rape”,”young”, “child” and “adolescent”. After the search, descriptive news and literature samples on gang rape incidents against adolescent individuals were selected.Results: This study examined the gang rape incidents against adolescents, which were covered in the media. There were no time limitation. In the news and literature review, the sociodemographic characteristics of the victims and the descriptive features of the event were determined. Alcohol use was common. Psychological symptoms and consequences requiring continued health care, were evident.Conclusion: A systematic forensic examination and reporting including a psychological evaluation of the victim should be done. In order to prevent this type of sexual violence against adolescents, it is very important to be informed about gang rape.
目的:轮奸事件比其他形式的性虐待更罕见,而且很少有针对青少年受害者的研究。本研究的目的是描述针对青少年的轮奸案件的共同特征和法医鉴定过程。方法:检索网络媒体上发表的新闻和医学文献。使用Google搜索引擎和Google Scholar作为浏览器。关键词为“轮奸”、“少年”、“儿童”、“青少年”、“轮奸”、“少年”、“儿童”和“青少年”。检索后,选取青少年轮奸事件的描述性新闻和文献样本。结果:本研究调查了媒体报道的针对青少年的轮奸事件。没有时间限制。在新闻和文献综述中,确定了受害者的社会人口学特征和事件的描述性特征。饮酒很常见。心理症状和需要持续保健的后果是显而易见的。结论:应进行系统的法医检查和报告,包括对受害者的心理评估。为了防止这种针对青少年的性暴力,了解轮奸是非常重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of stalking as a risk factor for intimate partner femicide in Turkey 跟踪作为土耳其亲密伴侣杀害女性的危险因素分析
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2016
Esra Gürgezoğlu Yapar, Zeynep Reva, Buse Akça, Ada Olgaç, Özlem Yiğitoğlu
The aim of the study is to reveal the picture of femicide, which continues to exist as a current problem in Turkey, and to analyze the stalking elements that manifest as a serious threat before the murder. This study is based on the data provided from “Anıt Sayaç / The Monument Counter”.. The “Anıt Sayaç” is a platform that was established on the internet to keep alive the memory of women who died due to violence against women in Turkey, and contains daily updated news on femicide. The women victims have been analyzed under several criteria such as whether they were faced to stalking, by whom the stalking was carried out, which stalking behaviors were, and whether there was a restraining or protection order. As a result the investigation of 1250 femicide in total for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, it was encountered that 102 women were subjected to being stalked before they were killed. 65% of women exposed to stalking were stalked by a spouse/boyfriend/partner or ex-spouse/ex-boyfriend/ex-partner, and 15% of by someone they knew. It was observed that 22.5% of the 102 women who were subjected to stalking had a restraining or protection order. Most of the women were subjected to stalking by being followed and threatened. As a result, it can be said that the murdered women were subjected to stalking beforehand, this situation constitutes a risk factor for femicide, and the restraining or protection order were insufficient. At this point, it can be stated that policies and practices developed with a holistic approach towards stalking and femicide are important for a solution.
这项研究的目的是揭示杀害妇女的情况,这仍然是土耳其目前存在的一个问题,并分析在谋杀之前作为严重威胁表现出来的跟踪因素。本研究基于“Anıt Sayaç / the Monument Counter”提供的数据。“Anıt Sayaç”是一个建立在互联网上的平台,旨在纪念在土耳其因暴力侵害妇女而死亡的妇女,并每天更新有关杀害妇女的新闻。对女性受害者进行分析的标准包括她们是否面临跟踪,跟踪是由谁实施的,哪些跟踪行为是跟踪行为,以及是否有限制令或保护令。因此,在2019年、2020年和2021年共调查了1250起杀害妇女事件后,发现102名妇女在遇害前遭到跟踪。65%遭受跟踪的女性被配偶/男友/伴侣或前配偶/前男友/前伴侣跟踪,15%被她们认识的人跟踪。据观察,102名遭受跟踪的妇女中有22.5%获得了限制令或保护令。大多数女性都受到跟踪和威胁。因此,可以说被谋杀的妇女事先受到跟踪,这种情况构成杀害妇女的危险因素,限制或保护令不足。在这一点上,可以说,以整体方法制定的政策和做法对解决跟踪和杀害妇女问题至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the breaching of personal data in cyberspace from the perspective of psychological violence 从心理暴力的角度审视网络空间中个人信息的侵犯
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2013
Buse Akça
The digital world has taken an active role in people’s lives day by day. In this context, information that directly or indirectly identifies the person has also found its place in the digital world. The right to privacy and the protection of personal data, which is also defined as a personal right, can be violated consciously or unconsciously in the digital world due to anonymity, speed and easy accessibility. When it comes to the illegal capture, sharing and use of personal information by others without their consent, people are sometimes unaware that these actions are against the law. However, data breach acts can cause emotional trauma on the person. Emotional effects can sometimes be much more severe and irreversible than physical effects. For this reason, I carried out my study on the importance of data security and that the violation of personal data can also cause psychological violence. The research was carried out online by creating a questionnaire as a data collection tool with the quantitative research method. As a study group, it was aimed to reach people over the age of 18 in Turkey. In order to address the problematic of the research, an online questionnaire was created via Google Forms and this questionnaire was distributed on the online network and 50 people, 22 female and 28 male, were reached from Turkey by random sampling method.In the survey, 17 multiple choice questions and 2 open ended questions were asked. The questions are prepared within the scope of the determination of whether the personal data of the individuals have been violated and the psychological effects on individuals whose personal data are violated.As a result; It is considered that the violation of personal data is directly proportional to the negative psychological effects on individuals.
数字世界在人们的生活中日益发挥着积极的作用。在这种情况下,直接或间接识别个人的信息也在数字世界中找到了自己的位置。隐私权和个人数据保护也被定义为一项个人权利,在数字世界中,由于匿名性、快速性和易获取性,隐私权和个人数据保护可能会有意无意地受到侵犯。当涉及到未经他人同意的非法获取、分享和使用个人信息时,人们有时没有意识到这些行为是违法的。然而,数据泄露行为可能会对个人造成情感创伤。情绪上的影响有时比身体上的影响更严重,也更不可逆转。因此,我对数据安全的重要性以及对个人数据的侵犯也会导致心理暴力进行了研究。本研究采用定量研究方法,通过在线制作问卷作为数据收集工具进行。作为一个研究小组,它的目标是接触土耳其18岁以上的人群。为了解决研究中存在的问题,我们通过Google Forms制作了一份在线调查问卷,并通过在线网络进行了分发,通过随机抽样的方法从土耳其访问了50人,其中女性22人,男性28人。调查共设17道选择题和2道开放式问题。这些问题是在确定个人的个人资料是否受到侵犯以及个人资料受到侵犯对个人的心理影响的范围内编写的。结果;人们认为,个人数据的侵犯与对个人的负面心理影响成正比。
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引用次数: 0
Target of information disorder: Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey 信息混乱的目标:土耳其临时保护的叙利亚人
Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.26809/joa.2024
A. Altintop
Information disorder can be presented as a problem in this age of accelerating digitalization and communication. For this reason, research on this concept is important in terms of deepening the subject. In this research, a study was conducted on the university entrance practices for Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey. The allegation that Syrians entered the university unconditionally and without examination has been examined through the students and graduates of university life in Turkey in 2016 or later. How these students or graduates acquire, evaluate, interpret, share and confirm relevant information is examined.The study’s methodology was qualitative. The target audience is chosen to be undergraduate students currently enrolled in universities or 2016 graduates and beyond. The timing preference is due to the fact that word about Syrians’ access to higher education only began to circulate in 2013–2015. To allow the participants to respond to the questions with specific dimensions and to provide the research new meanings, a semi-structured interview was used. Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, the interviews were done over the internet. Interviews are conducted with 38 people (n = 38). The interviews take place from July 13 to August 6, 2020.As a result, each participant is familiar with the news and information regarding Syrians’ unrestricted, cost-free access to higher education via hearing, reading, and viewing it. The majority of participants claimed that this information is reactive and vital and that the majority of it is gained through text-based or face-to-face communication, even if social media and face-to-face interactions account for the majority of the information’s sources. Face-to-face sharing is by far the most common sort of sharing. Confirmation culture is not high among participants.
在这个加速数字化和通信的时代,信息混乱是一个问题。因此,对这一概念的研究对于深化这一学科具有重要意义。在这项研究中,对土耳其临时保护下的叙利亚人的大学入学做法进行了研究。关于叙利亚人无条件进入大学且未经考试的指控已通过2016年或之后在土耳其的大学生活的学生和毕业生进行了验证。研究这些学生或毕业生如何获取、评估、解释、分享和确认相关信息。该研究的方法是定性的。目标受众被选择为在校本科生或2016届毕业生及以上。这种时间偏好是因为有关叙利亚人接受高等教育的消息在2013-2015年才开始流传。为了让参与者对特定维度的问题做出回应,并为研究提供新的意义,我们采用了半结构化访谈。由于新冠肺炎疫情,采访都是在网上进行的。访谈对象为38人(n = 38)。面试将于2020年7月13日至8月6日进行。因此,每位与会者都熟悉有关叙利亚人通过听、读、看不受限制、免费接受高等教育的新闻和信息。大多数参与者声称,这些信息是被动的、至关重要的,大部分信息是通过基于文本或面对面的交流获得的,即使社交媒体和面对面的互动占了信息的大部分来源。到目前为止,面对面的交流是最常见的交流方式。确认文化在参与者中不高。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Global Awareness
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