Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”最新文献
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.22
T. B. Sergeeva, Batdorj Oyunjargal, Irina A. Chepushtanova, Ilya S. Galanin
The article presents the results of an empirical study of psychological readiness to master age.related changes and biographical reflection in the elderly in the context of professional employment. A comparison of the level of biographical reflection and readiness for age.related changes in working and non.working pensioners was carried out, and the nature of the relationship between these phenomena was described.
{"title":"Biographical reflection and readiness to master age-related changes at a senior age","authors":"T. B. Sergeeva, Batdorj Oyunjargal, Irina A. Chepushtanova, Ilya S. Galanin","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.22","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of an empirical study of psychological readiness to master age.related changes and biographical reflection in the elderly in the context of professional employment. A comparison of the level of biographical reflection and readiness for age.related changes in working and non.working pensioners was carried out, and the nature of the relationship between these phenomena was described.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123683309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.14
Emrullah Ecer
News media can have a powerful effect on people’s physiology, thinking, and emotions. This study aims was to examine the effects of positive and negative news on optimism, pessimism, self.esteem, and depression. The survey covered students from the Department of Journalism of the University of Istanbul and involved 61 participants — 35 women and 26 men. While people from the first group were asked to read positive news, the second group read negative news. In order to measure the level of optimism and pessimism of our participants, they were asked then to choose at least four optimistic and pessimistic adjectives. Rosenberg Self. Esteem scale was used to determine changes in self.esteem and depression. Results suggested that people who read positive news were more optimistic about their future (M optimism = 5.92, SD = 1.75), and less pessimistic (M pessimism = .88, SD= 1.5). When people read negative news, they chose more pessimistic adjectives (M pessimism= 4.36, SD= 2.44), and fewer pessimistic ones (M optimism = 1.88, SD = 1.94). Moreovere, when people read positive news, they showed less signs of depression (M depression = 1.6, SD = .70) than when people read negative news (M depression = 3.06, SD = 1.37). Finally, we found no significant differences in the level of self.esteem when participants were exposed to positive and negative news.
{"title":"The emotional effects of positive and negative news through the default mode network","authors":"Emrullah Ecer","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.14","url":null,"abstract":"News media can have a powerful effect on people’s physiology, thinking, and emotions. This study aims was to examine the effects of positive and negative news on optimism, pessimism, self.esteem, and depression. The survey covered students from the Department of Journalism of the University of Istanbul and involved 61 participants — 35 women and 26 men. While people from the first group were asked to read positive news, the second group read negative news. In order to measure the level of optimism and pessimism of our participants, they were asked then to choose at least four optimistic and pessimistic adjectives. Rosenberg Self. Esteem scale was used to determine changes in self.esteem and depression. Results suggested that people who read positive news were more optimistic about their future (M optimism = 5.92, SD = 1.75), and less pessimistic (M pessimism = .88, SD= 1.5). When people read negative news, they chose more pessimistic adjectives (M pessimism= 4.36, SD= 2.44), and fewer pessimistic ones (M optimism = 1.88, SD = 1.94). Moreovere, when people read positive news, they showed less signs of depression (M depression = 1.6, SD = .70) than when people read negative news (M depression = 3.06, SD = 1.37). Finally, we found no significant differences in the level of self.esteem when participants were exposed to positive and negative news.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122181867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.20
T. Lazarus
Seizures and epilepsy comprise disorders of the brain in which there are abnormal discharges of the brain cells (neurons) resulting in various observable behavioural disorders. Whilst the basic underlying neuropa thology of these disorders is the same in all individuals, the manifestations in cognition, intellect, emotion, socialization and behaviour have variations across individuals.
{"title":"Using Luria’s neuropsychological approach to functional brain organization to understanding epilepsy","authors":"T. Lazarus","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.20","url":null,"abstract":"Seizures and epilepsy comprise disorders of the brain in which there are abnormal discharges of the brain cells (neurons) resulting in various observable behavioural disorders. Whilst the basic underlying neuropa thology of these disorders is the same in all individuals, the manifestations in cognition, intellect, emotion, socialization and behaviour have variations across individuals.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"83 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120872776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.8
O. Dorogina, E. V. Khlystova, Julia Burmistrova
This neuropsychological study focuses on cognitive correlates of a successful process of adaptation to involutional processes. We examined 94 elderly people without pronounced cognitive impairments. It was shown that adaptation positively correlates with cognitive functions and negatively with comorbidity; the most significant predictors of successful adaptation to involutional processes are semantic memory and the rate of anticipatory processes.
{"title":"Neurocognitive functions as an indicator of subjective adaptation to involutionary processes","authors":"O. Dorogina, E. V. Khlystova, Julia Burmistrova","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.8","url":null,"abstract":"This neuropsychological study focuses on cognitive correlates of a successful process of adaptation to involutional processes. We examined 94 elderly people without pronounced cognitive impairments. It was shown that adaptation positively correlates with cognitive functions and negatively with comorbidity; the most significant predictors of successful adaptation to involutional processes are semantic memory and the rate of anticipatory processes.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"35 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131890028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.2
J. Glozman
The paper discusses the theoretical foundations and methods of neuropsychological assessment of 2–6.year.old preschool children and describes the potential and advantages of Luria’s battery for revealing child underdevelopment or abnormal development.
{"title":"Lurian neuropsychological assessment at an early age","authors":"J. Glozman","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.2","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the theoretical foundations and methods of neuropsychological assessment of 2–6.year.old preschool children and describes the potential and advantages of Luria’s battery for revealing child underdevelopment or abnormal development.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"236 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131701635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.10
T. Lazarus, Durban South Africa Neuropsychology Practice
The entire world is currently confronted with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS.CoV.2), a novel betacoronavirus causing the deadly pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID.19). Since there is now increasing reports of neurological and cognitive problems, the impact of COVID.19 on neuropsychological functioning is unknown but is likely to leave residual problems.
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection and neuropsychological outcomes","authors":"T. Lazarus, Durban South Africa Neuropsychology Practice","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.10","url":null,"abstract":"The entire world is currently confronted with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS.CoV.2), a novel betacoronavirus causing the deadly pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID.19). Since there is now increasing reports of neurological and cognitive problems, the impact of COVID.19 on neuropsychological functioning is unknown but is likely to leave residual problems.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123907771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.16
M. Mukhin, E. Filatova
The study is based on the corpus of texts of Russian classical prose of the 19th century. It is shown how by means of comparative statistical analysis it is possible to reveal the unique features of a writer’s individual style. The study focuses on the specific cases of the use of the word litso (face) in Anton Chekhov’s psychological prose. The conclusions are made about the potential of corpus methodology in interdisciplinary research.
{"title":"Sychological aspects of the style of 19th century russian authors: corpus-based analysis of literary texts in interdisciplinary research","authors":"M. Mukhin, E. Filatova","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.16","url":null,"abstract":"The study is based on the corpus of texts of Russian classical prose of the 19th century. It is shown how by means of comparative statistical analysis it is possible to reveal the unique features of a writer’s individual style. The study focuses on the specific cases of the use of the word litso (face) in Anton Chekhov’s psychological prose. The conclusions are made about the potential of corpus methodology in interdisciplinary research.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121510362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.15
B. Kaczmarek
Our thinking is grounded in our sensory, motor, affective, and interpersonal experience. Recent psychological studies confirmed that our cognition is not only embodied but also embedded since it arises from interactions with its social and cultural environments, which makes it possible to create image schemas and conceptual metaphors. Those schemas facilitate acting in everyday, routine situations, but make it difficult to depart from them since they are frames that limit our ability to see the alternatives. They are intricately linked to our world view and, therefore, resistant to changes because the latter threaten the feeling of security. This paper is aimed at evaluating people’s ability to change the existing schema. In the study, participants were asked to create a completely new story based on two well.known stories in which they had previously inserted the missing words. It was found that most participants exhibited considerable difficulties in departing from the formerly established schemas. Moreover, the emotionally loaded story proved to be more difficult to change.
{"title":"The embodied brain: cultural aspects of cognition","authors":"B. Kaczmarek","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.15","url":null,"abstract":"Our thinking is grounded in our sensory, motor, affective, and interpersonal experience. Recent psychological studies confirmed that our cognition is not only embodied but also embedded since it arises from interactions with its social and cultural environments, which makes it possible to create image schemas and conceptual metaphors. Those schemas facilitate acting in everyday, routine situations, but make it difficult to depart from them since they are frames that limit our ability to see the alternatives. They are intricately linked to our world view and, therefore, resistant to changes because the latter threaten the feeling of security. This paper is aimed at evaluating people’s ability to change the existing schema. In the study, participants were asked to create a completely new story based on two well.known stories in which they had previously inserted the missing words. It was found that most participants exhibited considerable difficulties in departing from the formerly established schemas. Moreover, the emotionally loaded story proved to be more difficult to change.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122513725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.12
E. Nikolaeva
The paper discusses the brain mechanisms of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It is shown that these disorders are associated with different genetic causes that create certain psychophysiological mechanisms. Nevertheless, their diagnosis is interrelated. Moreover, a child is often first diagnosed with ADHD, and then the diagnosis is changed to “autism spectrum disease”. Among the most common causes of the disease is the behavior of retrotransposons. Retrotransposons (also called transposons via intermediate RNA) are genetic elements that can amplify themselves in the genome. These DNA sequences use a “copy and paste” mechanism, whereby they are first transcribed into RNA and then converted back to identical DNA sequences via reverse transcription, and these sequences are then inserted into the genome at target sites. In humans, retro elements take up 42 % of the DNA. The conclusion is made that for the formation of an individual profile of gene expression in the neuron, the most important is the phenomenon of somatic mosaicism, due to the process of L1 retrotransposition, in addition to the classical described mechanisms of differentiation. The number of such events and their localization is significant as they are likely to contribute to the development of both autism and ADHD.
{"title":"Genetics and psychophysiology of ADHD and autism","authors":"E. Nikolaeva","doi":"10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3073-7.12","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the brain mechanisms of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It is shown that these disorders are associated with different genetic causes that create certain psychophysiological mechanisms. Nevertheless, their diagnosis is interrelated. Moreover, a child is often first diagnosed with ADHD, and then the diagnosis is changed to “autism spectrum disease”. Among the most common causes of the disease is the behavior of retrotransposons. Retrotransposons (also called transposons via intermediate RNA) are genetic elements that can amplify themselves in the genome. These DNA sequences use a “copy and paste” mechanism, whereby they are first transcribed into RNA and then converted back to identical DNA sequences via reverse transcription, and these sequences are then inserted into the genome at target sites. In humans, retro elements take up 42 % of the DNA. The conclusion is made that for the formation of an individual profile of gene expression in the neuron, the most important is the phenomenon of somatic mosaicism, due to the process of L1 retrotransposition, in addition to the classical described mechanisms of differentiation. The number of such events and their localization is significant as they are likely to contribute to the development of both autism and ADHD.","PeriodicalId":344195,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129772056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proceedings of Science School: 2nd International Neuropsychological Summer School named after A. R. Luria “The World After the Pandemic: Challenges and Prospects for Neuroscience”
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