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Construction and Use of the Regional Input-Output Model with Environmental and Economic Development Blocks 具有环境和经济发展区块的区域投入产出模型的构建与应用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2020-20-3-27-46
Аlexander О. Baranov, V. Pavlov, T. Tagaeva, Yuliia M. Slepenkova
The paper analyzes environmental-economics models developed by foreign and Russian scientists. The first attempts to combine both economic and environmental issues in mathematical modeling were made in the 1960s, with most of them been theoretical due to lack of necessary data. With the development of modeling approaches, following on Wassily Leontief’s models, an environmental block has been included into input-output models. However, most of the existing models can hardly be applied to practice due to lack of statistical data and the absence of inter-industry approach. Even today the main restricting factor for these models to be used in practice is still limited availability of information, including not only economic but also environmental data, which is especially critical for regional researches, as the number of statistical indicators for the regions is much lower than at the macro level. The article provides mathematical description of the input-output model with an environmental block. The model is developed at the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the RAS in collaboration with the Novosibirsk State University. The model can be used for regional researches, given the input-output tables for the region is available.
本文分析了国外和俄罗斯科学家开发的环境经济学模型。在20世纪60年代,人们首次尝试将经济和环境问题结合到数学模型中,但由于缺乏必要的数据,大多数尝试都是理论性的。随着建模方法的发展,在Wassily Leontief模型的基础上,环境块已被纳入到输入输出模型中。然而,由于缺乏统计数据和缺乏跨行业方法,现有的大多数模型难以应用于实践。即使在今天,这些模型在实践中使用的主要限制因素仍然是信息的可得性有限,不仅包括经济数据,还包括环境数据,这对区域研究尤其重要,因为区域的统计指标数量远低于宏观水平。本文提供了带有环境块的输入输出模型的数学描述。该模型是由俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院经济与工业工程研究所与新西伯利亚国立大学合作开发的。在有区域投入产出表的情况下,该模型可用于区域研究。
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引用次数: 2
Innovative Competences of System of Requirements to the Effective Manager Professional Training 创新能力需求体系对有效经理人职业培训的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2017-17-2-97-109
M. S. Blokhina
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引用次数: 0
Formation of entrepreneurial corporate culture in the russian universities 俄罗斯大学创业型企业文化的形成
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2020-20-1-86-98
S. Borisova
Dynamic changes in the economic and social life of our country necessitate corresponding changes in the approaches to managing a modern University. One of these changes should be a new look at its corporate culture. The essence of the author's approach is to consider corporate culture as a key marketing asset of the University that impact on the strategic vision for the organization and operational management of all activities and units of the University. At the same time, the culture should be entrepreneurial in nature, which determines the University's ability to innovatively solve the tasks it faces and more successfully achieve the organization's strategic goals.However, still there is no scientific consensus reached in the literature about its features and the role in the success of the university. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the relevance of the formation of entrepreneurial corporate culture in the Russian universities. At the same time, it is proposed to consider entrepreneurial corporate culture as a key marketing asset of the organization, which is sure to reduce the negative effect of external environment and more successfully achieve the strategic goals of the university. The article presents the algorithm, mechanisms, and the main tools for the formation of entrepreneurial culture, given the specifics of this asset for an educational organization and the existing external environment. Theoretical significance of the proposed approach is a balanced approach to the university management, optimally combining conventional and unconventional for the educational environment methods to manage an educational organization. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed methodology for the formation of entrepreneurial culture to improve the efficiency of the university management.
我国经济社会生活的动态变化,要求现代大学的管理方式发生相应的变化。其中一个变化应该是重新审视公司文化。作者的方法的本质是将企业文化视为大学的关键营销资产,它影响着大学所有活动和单位的组织和运营管理的战略愿景。同时,文化应该具有创业的性质,这决定了大学创新解决其面临的任务和更成功地实现组织战略目标的能力。然而,在文献中,关于其特征和在大学成功中的作用仍然没有达成科学共识。本文的目的是证实创业型企业文化在俄罗斯大学形成的相关性。同时,提出将创业型企业文化作为组织的一项重要营销资产,必将减少外部环境的负面影响,更加顺利地实现大学的战略目标。本文给出了创业文化形成的算法、机制和主要工具,并给出了教育机构这种资产的具体特征和现有的外部环境。本文提出的方法的理论意义在于为大学管理提供一种平衡的方法,将传统与非常规的教育环境方法最佳地结合起来,以管理一个教育组织。本研究的现实意义在于为运用本文提出的方法形成创业文化以提高高校管理效率提供了可能。
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引用次数: 1
Evolution of forecasts for the world and Russian energy development – a way to respond to economic challenges 世界和俄罗斯能源发展预测的演变——应对经济挑战的一种方式
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2020-20-3-108-138
V. Markova, Victor N. Churachev
Based on the analysis of various reports of the large world organizations, the article shows that energy forecasting is an important part of forecasting social development, as it largely determines the development vectors of other sectors of national economy and the world as a whole. The paper gives the description and classification of energy development forecasts, i.e. the description of goals, benchmarks and scenarios, global economic situation during the forecast implementation period, etc. It is shown that many organizations have changed the prerequisites, guidelines and the vision of future energy development over time; as a result, the possible options for the development of world energy have been revised. The major uncertainties in the dynamics have led to the emergence of many forecast options, whereas new developments in the world give rise to new types of forecasts. Changes in the technological and spatial structure of generation, the structure of fuel and energy consumption, energy capacity, regional shifts in energy in the period 2000-2018 were analyzed. Key trends in energy development in Russia and the world were highlighted. It is shown that the conflict between new technologies and the previous energy systems is dampened solely due to the support of clean energy at both national and world economic levels by the major actors of the international community.
本文通过对世界各大组织报告的分析,指出能源预测是社会发展预测的重要组成部分,它在很大程度上决定着国民经济其他部门和世界经济的发展方向。本文对能源发展预测进行了描述和分类,即对预测实施期间的目标、基准和情景、全球经济形势等进行了描述。研究表明,随着时间的推移,许多组织改变了对未来能源发展的前提条件、指导方针和愿景;因此,对世界能源发展的可能选择办法进行了修订。动态中的主要不确定性导致出现了许多预测选择,而世界上的新发展则产生了新的预测类型。分析了2000-2018年中国发电技术和空间结构、燃料和能源消费结构、能源容量、区域能源转移的变化。会议强调了俄罗斯和世界能源发展的主要趋势。报告显示,新技术和以前的能源系统之间的冲突完全是由于国际社会主要行动者在国家和世界经济一级对清洁能源的支持而受到抑制的。
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引用次数: 2
Social Work with Disadvantaged Families and Children in the Current Context 当前背景下弱势家庭和儿童的社会工作
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2018-18-4-240-253
T. Chernikova, L. D. Shaidukova
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引用次数: 0
Cluster Project: Concepts, Typology and Modeling Approaches 集群项目:概念、类型学和建模方法
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2017-17-3-132-142
A. Buruk, D. D. Kotelkin, L. Markov
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引用次数: 3
Cluster approach and tourism development in the Novosibirsk region 集群方法与新西伯利亚地区旅游发展
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2020-20-4-5-24
L. Markov, Vasiliy S. Plotnikov
The study focuses on the main trends in the tourism industry of the Novosibirsk region. It is shown that the regional industry is developing in line with the national trends and falls with the general development trends of domestic and inbound tourism set forth in the documents of strategic development at the federal and sub-federal levels. The article discusses the aspects of the tourism industry, which determine the specifics of its functioning related to the geographical concentration, heterogeneity, and multiplicity of participants as well as the complex nature of the tourist product. It is concluded that the application of cluster approach to tourism development seems rather appropriate. The work determines priority types of tourism and clusters to be formed and developed in the Novosibirsk region. Besides, the article describes the factors, opportunities and restrictions for tourism development in Novosibirsk region in terms of demand. It has been shown that the expectations regarding the development of domestic tourism against the background of global failure of international passenger traffic are only partially justified since hardly can Russian domestic tourism be an equivalent substitution for the outbound tourism. Under these circumstances, the cluster tourism policy should mainly focus on the following priority directions: domestic and mainly short-term tourism; increase in the activity of tour operators in the formation of regional tourist products; development of tourism and infrastructure facilities.
该研究的重点是新西伯利亚地区旅游业的主要趋势。研究表明,区域产业的发展与国家趋势相一致,与联邦和地方各级战略发展文件中提出的国内和入境旅游的总体发展趋势相一致。本文讨论了旅游业的各个方面,这些方面决定了其与地理集中、异质性和参与者的多样性以及旅游产品的复杂性有关的具体功能。结果表明,集群方法在旅游开发中的应用是非常合适的。这项工作确定了在新西伯利亚地区形成和发展的旅游和集群的优先类型。此外,文章还从需求的角度阐述了新西伯利亚地区旅游发展的因素、机遇和制约因素。研究表明,在国际客运量全球失灵的背景下,对俄罗斯国内旅游发展的期望仅是部分合理的,因为俄罗斯国内旅游几乎无法等效替代出境游。在这种情况下,集群旅游政策应重点关注以下优先方向:国内旅游,以短期旅游为主;增加旅游经营者的活动,形成区域旅游产品;发展旅游和基础设施。
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引用次数: 0
The Institutional Development of Russia: Transition to Contractual Razdatok 俄罗斯的制度发展:向契约式Razdatok的过渡
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2018-18-2-21-33
O. Bessonova
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of the Introduction of Normative per Capita Financing in Educational Institutions 教育机构引入规范人均筹资的评价
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2018-18-4-101-111
S. Sodnomova
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引用次数: 1
Integration of input–output approach into agent-based modeling. Part 1. Methodological principles 将输入输出方法集成到基于智能体的建模中。第1部分。方法论的原则
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.25205/2542-0429-2017-17-1-86-99
D. Domozhirov, N. Ibragimov, L. Melnikova, A. Tsyplakov
The article presents a comparison of the Agent-Based Multiregional Input–Output Model (ABMIOM) of the Russian economy and a small-size version of the Optimization Multiregional Input-Output Model (OMIOM) from the per-spective of their possible integration for spatial economic research. These models share many similar features, technically and conceptually. The two models regard the economy as a complex system of interdependent compo-nents; both have the same spatial and sectoral structure, similar production technologies. Both allow to perform a structural analysis of processes taking place in the economy in terms of industries and territories. The former is a simulation model, the latter is a linear optimization model; their major differ-ences relate to the methods of modeling the market and price mechanisms and of representing the space. We propose to use a spatial input-output model based on the real data as the source of disaggregated information at the stage of initialization of agent-based models, which opens opportunities of gradual turning them into an experimentation area for the real economy, rather than an instrument for an analysis of an artificial economy.
本文从空间经济研究中基于主体的多区域投入产出模型(ABMIOM)与小型版的优化多区域投入产出模型(OMIOM)的整合可能性角度进行了比较。这些模型在技术上和概念上有许多相似的特性。这两种模式都将经济视为一个由相互依赖的组成部分组成的复杂系统;两者具有相同的空间和部门结构,相似的生产技术。两者都允许在行业和地区方面对经济中发生的过程进行结构分析。前者为仿真模型,后者为线性优化模型;它们的主要区别在于对市场和价格机制的建模方法以及表示空间的方法。我们建议在基于主体的模型初始化阶段使用基于真实数据的空间投入产出模型作为分解信息的来源,这为逐步将其转变为实体经济的试验区而不是分析人工经济的工具提供了机会。
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Wem-water Engineering & Management
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