2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)最新文献
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704841
Christopher Africa, U. B. Akuru, M. Kamper
With an increased penetration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind in the South African power network, maintaining power system stability during network disturbance poses a major challenge. This paper is used to describe how synchronous compensators generally help to boost grid inertia and improve network dynamics in the event of a disturbance. The paper is also used to describe the functioning of a new type of synchronous compensator—the wound-field flux switching compensator (WF-FSC). Experimental tests conducted on a prototype shows that the WF-FSC does not only provide a more reliable technology, but it can also extend the reactive power range by operating without any field current due to saliency.
{"title":"Bringing Back the Synchronous Compensator for the South Africa Power Network—Simulation and Compensator Technology","authors":"Christopher Africa, U. B. Akuru, M. Kamper","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704841","url":null,"abstract":"With an increased penetration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind in the South African power network, maintaining power system stability during network disturbance poses a major challenge. This paper is used to describe how synchronous compensators generally help to boost grid inertia and improve network dynamics in the event of a disturbance. The paper is also used to describe the functioning of a new type of synchronous compensator—the wound-field flux switching compensator (WF-FSC). Experimental tests conducted on a prototype shows that the WF-FSC does not only provide a more reliable technology, but it can also extend the reactive power range by operating without any field current due to saliency.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130858925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704839
Timothy James McBride, Nabeel Vandayar, K. Nixon
Hand gesture recognition software is becoming more accessible with the advances in depth cameras and sensors, but these sensors are still expensive and not freely available. A real time Hand Gesture Recognition software is designed to work with a low cost monocular web camera. Skin detection and skin extraction is a common form of image processing used for gesture recognition. A comparison of three different skin detection algorithms is performed. The three algorithms are: YCbCr thresholding, RGB-H-CrCb thresholding and KNN Classification. The results obtained for each algorithm show that the algorithms are unreliable with a low mean and a large standard deviation. It was concluded that the uncertainty of the accuracy of each algorithm reduces the effectiveness of the hand gesture recognition software and it is not implemented in the final design. Alternative skin detection algorithms are suggested to improve on the accuracies and latencies obtained.
{"title":"A Comparison of Skin Detection Algorithms for Hand Gesture Recognition","authors":"Timothy James McBride, Nabeel Vandayar, K. Nixon","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704839","url":null,"abstract":"Hand gesture recognition software is becoming more accessible with the advances in depth cameras and sensors, but these sensors are still expensive and not freely available. A real time Hand Gesture Recognition software is designed to work with a low cost monocular web camera. Skin detection and skin extraction is a common form of image processing used for gesture recognition. A comparison of three different skin detection algorithms is performed. The three algorithms are: YCbCr thresholding, RGB-H-CrCb thresholding and KNN Classification. The results obtained for each algorithm show that the algorithms are unreliable with a low mean and a large standard deviation. It was concluded that the uncertainty of the accuracy of each algorithm reduces the effectiveness of the hand gesture recognition software and it is not implemented in the final design. Alternative skin detection algorithms are suggested to improve on the accuracies and latencies obtained.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129802220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704824
T. Kanda, L. P. Mdakane, C. Labuschagne, M. Kamper
In this paper the dynamics of a maximum power point wind energy battery charging system and the implementation of a DC to DC converter is investigated. The required design specifications for a sub 5 kW wind generator are discussed as well as the modelling of the different components of the wind energy system. The duty cycle control of the DC to DC converter for maximum power point tracking at different wind speeds is done by implementing a functional generator. The functional generator adjusts the duty cycle of the converter according to the generator speed. In order to investigate the duty cycle control method and the system’s stability the system is simulated with MATLAB Simulink to determine the response. It was found that the proposed duty cycle control method is effective in maximum power point tracking. Also, that the system’s response is stable for higher frequency disturbances.
{"title":"Dynamics of Maximum Power Point Wind Energy Battery Charging Systems","authors":"T. Kanda, L. P. Mdakane, C. Labuschagne, M. Kamper","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704824","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the dynamics of a maximum power point wind energy battery charging system and the implementation of a DC to DC converter is investigated. The required design specifications for a sub 5 kW wind generator are discussed as well as the modelling of the different components of the wind energy system. The duty cycle control of the DC to DC converter for maximum power point tracking at different wind speeds is done by implementing a functional generator. The functional generator adjusts the duty cycle of the converter according to the generator speed. In order to investigate the duty cycle control method and the system’s stability the system is simulated with MATLAB Simulink to determine the response. It was found that the proposed duty cycle control method is effective in maximum power point tracking. Also, that the system’s response is stable for higher frequency disturbances.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133125591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704779
Mdu Mzulwini, K. Awodele
This paper highlights important surge arrester parameters in the performance evaluation of surge arresters. Matlab power system blockset (PSB) and alternate transient program (ATP) models and simulation results of the East Grid Traction Network (EGTN) case study are presented. These simulation results are utilized in evaluating surge arrester performances for traction applications. A surge arrester selection guideline for traction applications is also given.
{"title":"Application of PSB, PSAT and ATP Tools in Traction Surge Arrester Selections","authors":"Mdu Mzulwini, K. Awodele","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704779","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights important surge arrester parameters in the performance evaluation of surge arresters. Matlab power system blockset (PSB) and alternate transient program (ATP) models and simulation results of the East Grid Traction Network (EGTN) case study are presented. These simulation results are utilized in evaluating surge arrester performances for traction applications. A surge arrester selection guideline for traction applications is also given.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128917767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704840
J. S. Djeumen, J. Walker, N. West
Partial discharge, space charge and electric ion fields are phenomena that are responsible for flashovers on transmission lines and most of time cause power losses. These consequences lead to interruptions and loss of power supply. Atmospheric conditions in general and the temperature in particular is still not fully understood under DC excitation, especially when the applied voltage approached the critical breakdown value. Temperature has a great influence on corona discharge. In this study, the impact of temperature on the spatial distribution of the electric field, which can also be considered as one space charge source under DC supply was studied. A laboratory size corona cage with an aluminum tern conductor at its center, for the experiments in the high voltage laboratory. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the temperature on the spatial distribution on the DC conductor with the maximum DC voltage applied of ±175 kV and have a better understanding of the major factors that influence the spatial distribution processes under a high temperature. The corona camera version 8 (CoroCam8) was used to visualize the spatial distribution around the conductor. This has enabled to observe the effect of the temperature with the variation of the DC voltage, passing through inception voltage with the increased up to ±175 kV. The spatial distribution is denser when the temperature is high for the positive voltage and for the negative voltage.
{"title":"A Study of Spatial distribution of the Electric Field under the Influence of Temperature with DC Supply","authors":"J. S. Djeumen, J. Walker, N. West","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704840","url":null,"abstract":"Partial discharge, space charge and electric ion fields are phenomena that are responsible for flashovers on transmission lines and most of time cause power losses. These consequences lead to interruptions and loss of power supply. Atmospheric conditions in general and the temperature in particular is still not fully understood under DC excitation, especially when the applied voltage approached the critical breakdown value. Temperature has a great influence on corona discharge. In this study, the impact of temperature on the spatial distribution of the electric field, which can also be considered as one space charge source under DC supply was studied. A laboratory size corona cage with an aluminum tern conductor at its center, for the experiments in the high voltage laboratory. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the temperature on the spatial distribution on the DC conductor with the maximum DC voltage applied of ±175 kV and have a better understanding of the major factors that influence the spatial distribution processes under a high temperature. The corona camera version 8 (CoroCam8) was used to visualize the spatial distribution around the conductor. This has enabled to observe the effect of the temperature with the variation of the DC voltage, passing through inception voltage with the increased up to ±175 kV. The spatial distribution is denser when the temperature is high for the positive voltage and for the negative voltage.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116836038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704820
V. Mathebula, A. Saha
Application of fast bus transfer schemes requires high speed circuit breakers in order to minimise the dead-time during the transfer process. On the other hand, combination of high and low inertia loads such as fans, pumps and mills leads to an increase in residual bus voltage frequency decay rate; which often result in fast bus transfer scheme failing to execute. In-phase bus transfer scheme, although slower than fast bus transfer scheme; can be considered as an alternate transfer process to transfer load when main power supply is lost as a result of upstream equipment failure. Unlike in the case of fast bus transfer scheme, high decay rate of residual voltage frequency is favorable for in-phase bus transfer process; while circuit breaker closing time does not necessarily impact the performance of the transfer scheme. The paper investigates the application of in-phase bus transfer scheme to transfer load to an alternate supply when the main supply is lost in a power plant unit auxiliary power distribution system. Simulation results presented in the paper indicate that in-phase bus transfer scheme can be used to transfer draught fan motors to an alternate supply while maintaining stable boiler furnace pressure, and therefore maintain process continuity.
{"title":"Coal Fired Power Plant In-Phase Bus Transfer Simulation of Forced and Induced Draught Fan Motors","authors":"V. Mathebula, A. Saha","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704820","url":null,"abstract":"Application of fast bus transfer schemes requires high speed circuit breakers in order to minimise the dead-time during the transfer process. On the other hand, combination of high and low inertia loads such as fans, pumps and mills leads to an increase in residual bus voltage frequency decay rate; which often result in fast bus transfer scheme failing to execute. In-phase bus transfer scheme, although slower than fast bus transfer scheme; can be considered as an alternate transfer process to transfer load when main power supply is lost as a result of upstream equipment failure. Unlike in the case of fast bus transfer scheme, high decay rate of residual voltage frequency is favorable for in-phase bus transfer process; while circuit breaker closing time does not necessarily impact the performance of the transfer scheme. The paper investigates the application of in-phase bus transfer scheme to transfer load to an alternate supply when the main supply is lost in a power plant unit auxiliary power distribution system. Simulation results presented in the paper indicate that in-phase bus transfer scheme can be used to transfer draught fan motors to an alternate supply while maintaining stable boiler furnace pressure, and therefore maintain process continuity.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116888750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704783
Ajayi Gbeminiyi Oluwafemi, Wang Zenghui
In the field of computer vision, multi-class outdoor weather classification is a difficult task to perform due to diversity and lack of distinct weather characteristic or features. This research proposed a novel framework for identifying different weather scenes from still images using heterogeneous ensemble methods. Our approach is based on a method called Selection Based on Accuracy Intuition and diversity (SAID) of stacked ensemble algorithms. This involves the extraction of histogram of features from different weather scenes. The blending and boosting of different weather features using stacked ensemble algorithms increases recognition rate of different weather conditions compared to other classification and ensemble methods. The paper presents academic and practitioners a new insight into diversity of heterogeneous ensemble methods for solving the challenges of weather recognition from still images.
{"title":"Multi-Class Weather Classification from Still Image Using Said Ensemble Method","authors":"Ajayi Gbeminiyi Oluwafemi, Wang Zenghui","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704783","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of computer vision, multi-class outdoor weather classification is a difficult task to perform due to diversity and lack of distinct weather characteristic or features. This research proposed a novel framework for identifying different weather scenes from still images using heterogeneous ensemble methods. Our approach is based on a method called Selection Based on Accuracy Intuition and diversity (SAID) of stacked ensemble algorithms. This involves the extraction of histogram of features from different weather scenes. The blending and boosting of different weather features using stacked ensemble algorithms increases recognition rate of different weather conditions compared to other classification and ensemble methods. The paper presents academic and practitioners a new insight into diversity of heterogeneous ensemble methods for solving the challenges of weather recognition from still images.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114537035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/robomech.2019.8704842
{"title":"SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA 2019 Message from the General Chair","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/robomech.2019.8704842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/robomech.2019.8704842","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114905440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704797
I. Davidson
The Higher Education Partnerships in Sub Saharan Africa project is funded by the British Royal Academy of Engineering, and runs for 2 years from April 2017 to March 2019. It is a network of engineering faculties and schools in some Eastern and Southern African universities linked to a UK university with the aim of enhancing quality of engineering education and training. The project objective is to enhance the quality of engineering education and training through: academic staff secondment to industry; invitation of industry experts to university as guest lecturers; collaborative research with industry, industry supported curriculum review and knowledge sharing workshops. This paper presents the activities at Durban University of Technology and our efforts to enhance engineering training of technical staff through short-term industry internships and postgraduate studies. The goal is to produce graduate engineers and technicians: who possesses relevant skills, meet the expectations of modern industry and engineering professional bodies; graduates who are employable nationally and regionally. It is also expected to produce academic staff with enhanced practical experience and better teaching skills, which will enrich the relevant engineering curriculum at universities.
{"title":"The HEPSSA Project – A Catalyst for Capacity Building at Durban University of Technology","authors":"I. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704797","url":null,"abstract":"The Higher Education Partnerships in Sub Saharan Africa project is funded by the British Royal Academy of Engineering, and runs for 2 years from April 2017 to March 2019. It is a network of engineering faculties and schools in some Eastern and Southern African universities linked to a UK university with the aim of enhancing quality of engineering education and training. The project objective is to enhance the quality of engineering education and training through: academic staff secondment to industry; invitation of industry experts to university as guest lecturers; collaborative research with industry, industry supported curriculum review and knowledge sharing workshops. This paper presents the activities at Durban University of Technology and our efforts to enhance engineering training of technical staff through short-term industry internships and postgraduate studies. The goal is to produce graduate engineers and technicians: who possesses relevant skills, meet the expectations of modern industry and engineering professional bodies; graduates who are employable nationally and regionally. It is also expected to produce academic staff with enhanced practical experience and better teaching skills, which will enrich the relevant engineering curriculum at universities.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130358711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704788
N. Naidoo, G. Bright, R. Stopforth
Mobile robots have provided solutions for materials handling operations in Advanced Manufacturing Systems. The smart manufacturing system of today relies on intelligent machines, devices and logistics integration to meet the challenges of consumer demands and mass customization. Machine (or robot) integration allows data access of high level supply chain silos. This provides for intelligent, machine programming that expedites processes to meet the change in consumer demands. The motivation of the research study was based around the consumer market and the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0. The paper discusses the design, development and example of a framework for the robotic automation industry. The feature of the framework is distributive in architecture. This meets some of the challenges and requirements for a smart manufacturing system.
{"title":"A Distributed Framework for Programming the Artificial Intelligence of Mobile Robots in Smart Manufacturing Systems","authors":"N. Naidoo, G. Bright, R. Stopforth","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704788","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile robots have provided solutions for materials handling operations in Advanced Manufacturing Systems. The smart manufacturing system of today relies on intelligent machines, devices and logistics integration to meet the challenges of consumer demands and mass customization. Machine (or robot) integration allows data access of high level supply chain silos. This provides for intelligent, machine programming that expedites processes to meet the change in consumer demands. The motivation of the research study was based around the consumer market and the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0. The paper discusses the design, development and example of a framework for the robotic automation industry. The feature of the framework is distributive in architecture. This meets some of the challenges and requirements for a smart manufacturing system.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114148179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)
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