2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)最新文献
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704726
J. Mhlanga, O. Dzobo
It is very expensive to connect remote areas to the grid. For reliable and sustainable electricity supply in remote areas, renewable energy sources are commonly used as supply options. Wind and solar energy are the most sustainable renewable energy resources because of their good compensation characters when combined into a hybrid energy system. This paper presents a case study of a hybrid energy system for a remote rural location. The hybrid energy system consists of a solar photovoltaic system, wind energy system, battery bank storage system and a diesel generator. The diesel generator is used for backup power supply. Results show that the proposed hybrid energy system performs better than the diesel generator acting alone. The economic saving is more than 50% when the proposed hybrid energy system is used.
{"title":"Standalone hybrid energy system model and control for economic load dispatch","authors":"J. Mhlanga, O. Dzobo","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704726","url":null,"abstract":"It is very expensive to connect remote areas to the grid. For reliable and sustainable electricity supply in remote areas, renewable energy sources are commonly used as supply options. Wind and solar energy are the most sustainable renewable energy resources because of their good compensation characters when combined into a hybrid energy system. This paper presents a case study of a hybrid energy system for a remote rural location. The hybrid energy system consists of a solar photovoltaic system, wind energy system, battery bank storage system and a diesel generator. The diesel generator is used for backup power supply. Results show that the proposed hybrid energy system performs better than the diesel generator acting alone. The economic saving is more than 50% when the proposed hybrid energy system is used.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"15 16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124252532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704756
Mohammed Raees Dangor, Muhammed Aswat, W. Cronje
A model is derived to estimate the primary-side inductor current of a discontinuous current mode Flyback converter. The model is validated by comparing the current estimated by the model to the current sensed using a sense resistor. The model was applied in a photovoltaic (PV) system which interfaced a PV module to a battery via a Flyback converter in order to charge a 12V lead acid battery. The system successfully controlled power flow from the PV module according to a model-based current perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm.
{"title":"Flyback Converter Controlled by Model-Based Current MPPT for a Photovoltaic Power System","authors":"Mohammed Raees Dangor, Muhammed Aswat, W. Cronje","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704756","url":null,"abstract":"A model is derived to estimate the primary-side inductor current of a discontinuous current mode Flyback converter. The model is validated by comparing the current estimated by the model to the current sensed using a sense resistor. The model was applied in a photovoltaic (PV) system which interfaced a PV module to a battery via a Flyback converter in order to charge a 12V lead acid battery. The system successfully controlled power flow from the PV module according to a model-based current perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117328571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704800
C. J. Van der Merwe, P. Manditereza, P. Hertzog
Much effort is spent on regulating the power quality in alternating current power supplies for electronic devices. Many electronic devices however, do not use alternating current, but rather direct current. The output of most small scale renewable energy systems are also direct current, therefore it can be connected to the loads more efficiently by eliminating the inverter stage. In a circuit with a number of rectification stages the conversion losses can add up to a significant amount. By reducing the number of conversion stages or possibly eliminating some of the stages the overall system could be more efficient. The purpose of this paper is to present the simulation design and results of a direct current distribution system, containing common household appliances connected to a direct current grid supply and a renewable energy source. A bottom-up design approach is used where a list of household appliances with their voltage needs is identified and the distribution voltage is then selected based on the voltage needs. The distribution system is modeled using Matlab and Simulink software. Results show that common household loads can be supplied directly with direct current from either a main direct current supply or from a renewable energy system with direct current output. A full-load efficiency of 94.9 percent was recorded for the main supply and 78 percent for the renewable energy supply. Future recommendations are the transient state modeling of appliances and building a practical set-up in order to analyze the practical aspects of a residential direct current distribution system.
{"title":"Design and Simulation of a Direct Current Distribution System","authors":"C. J. Van der Merwe, P. Manditereza, P. Hertzog","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704800","url":null,"abstract":"Much effort is spent on regulating the power quality in alternating current power supplies for electronic devices. Many electronic devices however, do not use alternating current, but rather direct current. The output of most small scale renewable energy systems are also direct current, therefore it can be connected to the loads more efficiently by eliminating the inverter stage. In a circuit with a number of rectification stages the conversion losses can add up to a significant amount. By reducing the number of conversion stages or possibly eliminating some of the stages the overall system could be more efficient. The purpose of this paper is to present the simulation design and results of a direct current distribution system, containing common household appliances connected to a direct current grid supply and a renewable energy source. A bottom-up design approach is used where a list of household appliances with their voltage needs is identified and the distribution voltage is then selected based on the voltage needs. The distribution system is modeled using Matlab and Simulink software. Results show that common household loads can be supplied directly with direct current from either a main direct current supply or from a renewable energy system with direct current output. A full-load efficiency of 94.9 percent was recorded for the main supply and 78 percent for the renewable energy supply. Future recommendations are the transient state modeling of appliances and building a practical set-up in order to analyze the practical aspects of a residential direct current distribution system.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"309 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115744107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704769
Gomotso Phokojoe, J. Van Coller
The time domain-frequency domain characteristics of turbo-generator coil-to-core and packing-to-core Vibration Sparks (VS) can be determined and compared to known Partial Discharge (PD) and other non-VS discharge characteristics. The accurate characterisation of VS events is significant in the identification of this degradation mechanism in the slots of large generators. In this paper a new equivalent circuit, expressing the theoretical mechanism of VS involving a Side Ripple Spring (SRS) as a packing material in hydrogen-cooled machines, is presented. This is a variation of the direct coil-to-core air-cooled equivalent circuit model presented elsewhere. Furthermore an experimental circuit of a stator bar and SRS will be used to generate VS in order to determine their time domain-frequency domain characteristics. These can then be compared to those of PD and other non-VS type discharges using a cluster diagram to deduce if the phenomenon can be discriminated successfully in air-cooled and hydrogen-cooled turbo-generators.
{"title":"Identification of Vibration Sparks in a Large Hydrogen-Cooled Generator Winding","authors":"Gomotso Phokojoe, J. Van Coller","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704769","url":null,"abstract":"The time domain-frequency domain characteristics of turbo-generator coil-to-core and packing-to-core Vibration Sparks (VS) can be determined and compared to known Partial Discharge (PD) and other non-VS discharge characteristics. The accurate characterisation of VS events is significant in the identification of this degradation mechanism in the slots of large generators. In this paper a new equivalent circuit, expressing the theoretical mechanism of VS involving a Side Ripple Spring (SRS) as a packing material in hydrogen-cooled machines, is presented. This is a variation of the direct coil-to-core air-cooled equivalent circuit model presented elsewhere. Furthermore an experimental circuit of a stator bar and SRS will be used to generate VS in order to determine their time domain-frequency domain characteristics. These can then be compared to those of PD and other non-VS type discharges using a cluster diagram to deduce if the phenomenon can be discriminated successfully in air-cooled and hydrogen-cooled turbo-generators.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127278369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704827
Linda S. Khumalo, Georg I. Schltinz, Q. Williams
This work explores the effect of input text representation on the performance of a Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network Language Model (LSTM RNNLM). Due to a problem with vanishing gradients during LSTM RNNLM training, they cannot capture long-range context information. Long-range context information often encapsulates details about the text application domain. Word embedding vectors capture similarity and semantic context information in their structure. Additional context can be captured by socio-situational setting information, topics, named entities and parts-of-speech tags. This work uses a character LSTM RNNLM as a control in experiments to determine the effect different types of input text representation have on the perplexity of an LSTM RNNLM in terms of a percentage increase or decrease in the value. Adding socio- situational information to a character LSTM RNNLM results in a 0.1 % reduction in perplexity in comparison to that of the control model. When the character embeddings are swapped with word2vec embeddings a reduction in perplexity of 2.77 % is obtained. Adding context information such as socio-situational information to the word embedded model should also result in a perplexity reduction. However, this is not the case, as the addition of socio-situational information to a word embedded model results in a 5.79 % perplexity increase in comparison to the word2vec only model. This trend of an increase in perplexity is observed in further experiments where other types of context information are added to a word embedded model. The largest increase in perplexity is obtained when word embeddings and topics are applied giving a perplexity increase of 7.55 %. This increase in perplexity is due to the addition of more data (context information) to the input text. More data means more words (unique or otherwise) that are being concatenated together as a representation of the input. This results in a larger and sparser input that not only takes longer to train but has less useful information captured on average resulting in models with a higher perplexity. A better method of text representation that will reduce the size of the input while still capturing the necessary semantic information implicit in word embeddings will be adding the vectors together instead of concatenating them.
{"title":"The effect of word embeddings and domain specific long-range contextual information on a Recurrent Neural Network Language Model","authors":"Linda S. Khumalo, Georg I. Schltinz, Q. Williams","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704827","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores the effect of input text representation on the performance of a Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network Language Model (LSTM RNNLM). Due to a problem with vanishing gradients during LSTM RNNLM training, they cannot capture long-range context information. Long-range context information often encapsulates details about the text application domain. Word embedding vectors capture similarity and semantic context information in their structure. Additional context can be captured by socio-situational setting information, topics, named entities and parts-of-speech tags. This work uses a character LSTM RNNLM as a control in experiments to determine the effect different types of input text representation have on the perplexity of an LSTM RNNLM in terms of a percentage increase or decrease in the value. Adding socio- situational information to a character LSTM RNNLM results in a 0.1 % reduction in perplexity in comparison to that of the control model. When the character embeddings are swapped with word2vec embeddings a reduction in perplexity of 2.77 % is obtained. Adding context information such as socio-situational information to the word embedded model should also result in a perplexity reduction. However, this is not the case, as the addition of socio-situational information to a word embedded model results in a 5.79 % perplexity increase in comparison to the word2vec only model. This trend of an increase in perplexity is observed in further experiments where other types of context information are added to a word embedded model. The largest increase in perplexity is obtained when word embeddings and topics are applied giving a perplexity increase of 7.55 %. This increase in perplexity is due to the addition of more data (context information) to the input text. More data means more words (unique or otherwise) that are being concatenated together as a representation of the input. This results in a larger and sparser input that not only takes longer to train but has less useful information captured on average resulting in models with a higher perplexity. A better method of text representation that will reduce the size of the input while still capturing the necessary semantic information implicit in word embeddings will be adding the vectors together instead of concatenating them.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130873321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704773
C. I. Basson, S. Hansraj, R. Stopforth, P. Mooney, Russell Phillips, T. V. Niekerk, K. D. Preez
Unmanned aerial vehicles, remote piloted aircraft systems, or drones, have the ability to enable autonomy in manufacturing environments through self-charging and maintenance diagnostics. Drone development for manufacturing application was exploited in the BRICS 2018 (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) Future Skills Challenge. The challenge was completed over a period of three (3) days and five (5) teams participated in designing and manufacturing unique drones and self-charging stations. Quadcopters and base stations were designed and developed for manual flight and self-charging for autonomous production environments. The paper discussed design elements in terms of mechanical design, mechatronic design, flight control optimisation and drone performance criteria. The drones were evaluated according to work organisation and management, manufacturing and assembly principles, programming and testing standards, and commissioning performance criteria. The results of each design group from the evaluation were compared and discussed accordingly. The evaluation was done through subjective visual inspections for quality and could potentially misinterpret the results of the assessment. A technical evaluation approach is recommended to evaluate drone performance, utilising in-flight measuring instruments for repeatability and stable flight.
{"title":"A Review of Collaborated Educational Drone Development and Design at the BRICS 2018 Future Skills Challenge","authors":"C. I. Basson, S. Hansraj, R. Stopforth, P. Mooney, Russell Phillips, T. V. Niekerk, K. D. Preez","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704773","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles, remote piloted aircraft systems, or drones, have the ability to enable autonomy in manufacturing environments through self-charging and maintenance diagnostics. Drone development for manufacturing application was exploited in the BRICS 2018 (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) Future Skills Challenge. The challenge was completed over a period of three (3) days and five (5) teams participated in designing and manufacturing unique drones and self-charging stations. Quadcopters and base stations were designed and developed for manual flight and self-charging for autonomous production environments. The paper discussed design elements in terms of mechanical design, mechatronic design, flight control optimisation and drone performance criteria. The drones were evaluated according to work organisation and management, manufacturing and assembly principles, programming and testing standards, and commissioning performance criteria. The results of each design group from the evaluation were compared and discussed accordingly. The evaluation was done through subjective visual inspections for quality and could potentially misinterpret the results of the assessment. A technical evaluation approach is recommended to evaluate drone performance, utilising in-flight measuring instruments for repeatability and stable flight.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"24 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133355214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704845
William Benjamin Van Der Merwe, P. Hertzog, A. Swart
Transmitting data for cloud storage via the internet with wireless technology is becoming more and more important for researchers, hobbyists and commercial applications. High speed internet connections, such as fiber optic and LTE connections enable users to transmit data to cloud storage in a very fast manner. Taking this into account the question now arises which technology is the more dependable, efficient and cost effective method for sensors to transmit their data via the internet to a cloud storage environment.The aim of this paper is to investigate the propagation delay and data integrity of transmitted data from cellular and WiFi networks to cloud storage. The Main or Sampling unit continuously evaluates the analogue inputs. It will then send the sampled data every so often to the technologies under test. The slave units will then send the sampled data and index number received from the Main unit to cloud storage via their respective communication technologies. The main unit will also record the sampled values, index number and time and date stamp from the GPS to an onboard logger to keep track of the sampled values. This indexing system will then be used to evaluate data integrity and propagation delay. By comparing the sampler units logged data (index, data and time and date stamp information) to that of the slave units cloud data a clear picture of data integrity and propagation delay can be concluded for the technologies under test. The results indicate that WiFi is a quicker option to use compared to cellular, but might be more expensive if a small amount of data is transmitted. The outcome of this research may help researchers, hobbyists and commercial users to make a better informed decision about the technology they wish to use for their particular environment.
{"title":"Propagation Delays and Data Integrity of Cellular and WiFi Networks from IOT devices to cloud storage","authors":"William Benjamin Van Der Merwe, P. Hertzog, A. Swart","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704845","url":null,"abstract":"Transmitting data for cloud storage via the internet with wireless technology is becoming more and more important for researchers, hobbyists and commercial applications. High speed internet connections, such as fiber optic and LTE connections enable users to transmit data to cloud storage in a very fast manner. Taking this into account the question now arises which technology is the more dependable, efficient and cost effective method for sensors to transmit their data via the internet to a cloud storage environment.The aim of this paper is to investigate the propagation delay and data integrity of transmitted data from cellular and WiFi networks to cloud storage. The Main or Sampling unit continuously evaluates the analogue inputs. It will then send the sampled data every so often to the technologies under test. The slave units will then send the sampled data and index number received from the Main unit to cloud storage via their respective communication technologies. The main unit will also record the sampled values, index number and time and date stamp from the GPS to an onboard logger to keep track of the sampled values. This indexing system will then be used to evaluate data integrity and propagation delay. By comparing the sampler units logged data (index, data and time and date stamp information) to that of the slave units cloud data a clear picture of data integrity and propagation delay can be concluded for the technologies under test. The results indicate that WiFi is a quicker option to use compared to cellular, but might be more expensive if a small amount of data is transmitted. The outcome of this research may help researchers, hobbyists and commercial users to make a better informed decision about the technology they wish to use for their particular environment.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122354174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704772
Thobekile J. Ngcobo, Farzad Ghayoor
Smart grid is the concept for next-generation power grid that integrates information and communication technology into power grid. Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an important aspect of smart grid, which requires establishment of a two-way communication system between consumers and utility. In this paper, the effect of network topology on the performance of a PLC-based AMI system is investigated. For this purpose, a narrow-band power line communication simulator in accordance with the G3-PLC standard is proposed that implemented using the OMNeT++ network simulator. It is shown that the topology of the AMI network has significant impact on the collision rate of the data concentrator switch.
{"title":"Study the Topology Effect on a G3-PLC based AMI Network","authors":"Thobekile J. Ngcobo, Farzad Ghayoor","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704772","url":null,"abstract":"Smart grid is the concept for next-generation power grid that integrates information and communication technology into power grid. Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an important aspect of smart grid, which requires establishment of a two-way communication system between consumers and utility. In this paper, the effect of network topology on the performance of a PLC-based AMI system is investigated. For this purpose, a narrow-band power line communication simulator in accordance with the G3-PLC standard is proposed that implemented using the OMNeT++ network simulator. It is shown that the topology of the AMI network has significant impact on the collision rate of the data concentrator switch.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132404346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704830
O. Dzobo
The growing number of distributed renewable energy sources connected to the grid has brought some challenges to the management of the power system network. New optimisation models are required to manage these distributed generation units when they are clustered together. In this case, virtual power plants (VPPs) plays an important role by ensuring that the value of the produced power by clusters of distributed power generation units is efficiently managed. In this paper, an optimisation model based on mixed integer programming technique for the management of clusters of distributed generation units consisting of local heat and power supply system with CHPs, solar photovoltaic systems and thermal power generation units is presented. The proposed algorithm ensures maximum benefit of thermal and electric energy in the power system network. The results show that there is a 10% increase in benefit when virtual power plants are used and optimised.
{"title":"Virtual power plant energy optimisation in smart grids","authors":"O. Dzobo","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704830","url":null,"abstract":"The growing number of distributed renewable energy sources connected to the grid has brought some challenges to the management of the power system network. New optimisation models are required to manage these distributed generation units when they are clustered together. In this case, virtual power plants (VPPs) plays an important role by ensuring that the value of the produced power by clusters of distributed power generation units is efficiently managed. In this paper, an optimisation model based on mixed integer programming technique for the management of clusters of distributed generation units consisting of local heat and power supply system with CHPs, solar photovoltaic systems and thermal power generation units is presented. The proposed algorithm ensures maximum benefit of thermal and electric energy in the power system network. The results show that there is a 10% increase in benefit when virtual power plants are used and optimised.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132445706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704811
Nabeel Vandayar, Timothy James McBride, K. Nixon
The design and development of a low cost hand gesture recognition computer interface, using a standard laptop webcam is presented. The purpose of the system is to recognise both static and dynamic hand gestures from a user in real-time and perform basic macro instructions on the Windows operating system. The calibration and gesture recognition processes are discussed. The system is able to correctly classify 19 static hand gestures and recognise 6 dynamic hand gestures with greater than 95% accuracy. However, the system has a varying latency of between 50–500 milliseconds due to inefficient interfacing with the operating system. It was concluded that an optimised operating system interface would improve system performance and user experience dramatically.
{"title":"Low Cost Hand Gesture Recognition System Design and Implementation","authors":"Nabeel Vandayar, Timothy James McBride, K. Nixon","doi":"10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOMECH.2019.8704811","url":null,"abstract":"The design and development of a low cost hand gesture recognition computer interface, using a standard laptop webcam is presented. The purpose of the system is to recognise both static and dynamic hand gestures from a user in real-time and perform basic macro instructions on the Windows operating system. The calibration and gesture recognition processes are discussed. The system is able to correctly classify 19 static hand gestures and recognise 6 dynamic hand gestures with greater than 95% accuracy. However, the system has a varying latency of between 50–500 milliseconds due to inefficient interfacing with the operating system. It was concluded that an optimised operating system interface would improve system performance and user experience dramatically.","PeriodicalId":344332,"journal":{"name":"2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115316058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2019 Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference/Robotics and Mechatronics/Pattern Recognition Association of South Africa (SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA)
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