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Exploring the magnitude of inclusion of Indian youth in the world of work based on choices of educational attainment 基于教育程度的选择,探索印度青年在工作世界中的包容程度
Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.1108/jed-08-2020-0114
N. Bisht, Falguni Pattanaik
PurposeThis study attempts to investigate the interrelationship between choice-based educational achievement and employability prospects across the skill-based occupations amongst the youth in India.Design/methodology/approachThis study relies on the use of National Sample Survey (NSS) data on employment and unemployment for the 68th round (2011–2012) and the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) (2017–2018). To estimate the relative contributions of choice-based educational attainment affecting the skill-based employment of youth in a different category of occupations ( high/medium/low skilled), the multinomial logistic regression and its marginal effects have been used.FindingsThe study finds educational attainment both as an opportunity (improvising employability in the high and medium skill occupation) and a challenge (highest unemployment amongst the educated) while ensuring skill-based youth employability. Despite the growing enrolment of youth in education, youth from a general education background does not find sustained employability prospects in high-skill occupations.Research limitations/implicationsVocational education highlights a brighter employability prospect but the acceptability of the same amongst the youth needs a policy intervention.Practical implicationsEducational choices need an intervention based on market-driven apprenticeships and training.Social implicationsThe decline of overall employability in the low-skill occupation raises a threat to inclusive development as such youth results to Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET), better identified as the unproductive economic youth.Originality/valueThis study attempts to investigate that “how far the choice of educational attainment (general/technical/vocational) is able to make youth a fit in the world of work?” in the Indian context, where the youth constitute the highest share in the population.
目的:本研究旨在探讨印度青年在技能型职业中基于选择的教育成就与就业前景之间的相互关系。本研究基于第68轮(2011-2012年)全国抽样调查(NSS)和定期劳动力调查(PLFS)(2017-2018年)的就业和失业数据。为了估计基于选择的受教育程度对不同职业类别(高/中/低技能)青年基于技能的就业的相对贡献,我们使用了多项逻辑回归及其边际效应。研究发现,在确保以技能为基础的青年就业能力的同时,受教育程度既是一种机会(在高技能和中等技能职业中提高就业能力),也是一种挑战(受过教育的人中失业率最高)。尽管接受教育的青年人数不断增加,但具有普通教育背景的青年在高技能职业中找不到持续的就业前景。研究局限/启示职业教育强调了更光明的就业前景,但青年对职业教育的接受程度需要政策干预。教育选择需要基于市场驱动的学徒制和培训的干预。社会影响低技能职业整体就业能力的下降对包容性发展构成威胁,因为这些青年导致不就业,教育或培训(NEET),更好地称为非生产性经济青年。原创性/价值本研究试图探讨“教育程度的选择(普通/技术/职业)在多大程度上能够使年轻人适应工作世界?”在印度,年轻人在人口中所占比例最高。
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引用次数: 4
The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises in the tourism sector: the role of leadership competencies 旅游业中小企业的竞争力:领导能力的作用
Pub Date : 2020-11-16 DOI: 10.1108/jed-06-2020-0080
L. Công, D. Thu
PurposeThis research aims to adopt competitiveness theory to analyse the effects of leadership competencies on the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism sector.Design/methodology/approachThis research collected data from 200 participants, who are in management positions of tourism SMEs in Vietnam. Structural equation modelling was applied.FindingsThe results indicate satisfactory reliability and validity of the constructs and support for two models within a structural equation modelling to evaluate the influence of leadership competencies on the competitiveness of SMEs. The data from both customers and competitors show that the competitiveness and the performance of the enterprise are affected by hands-on experience; relationships building competencies; strategic vision; operations management competencies. Furthermore, customers also value professional knowledge of the enterprises' leaders.Practical implicationsThe study suggests that the government agencies and tourism SMEs themselves should focus more on leadership. Training courses, exchange programs, seminars and workshops should be provided for SMEs leaders to improve their leadership competencies.Originality/valueThe research findings provide a more comprehensive view of internal and external factors affecting the competitiveness of SMEs in the tourism sector in Vietnam. This also contributes to competitiveness and leadership research by presenting the positive linkage between leadership competencies and the competitiveness of SMEs.
本研究旨在运用竞争力理论分析领导能力对旅游行业中小企业竞争力的影响。设计/方法/方法本研究收集了200名参与者的数据,他们都是越南旅游业中小企业的管理人员。采用结构方程建模。研究结果表明,在结构方程模型中,两个模型的结构和支持度令人满意,以评估领导能力对中小企业竞争力的影响。来自客户和竞争对手的数据表明,企业的竞争力和绩效受到实践经验的影响;建立关系的能力;战略眼光;运营管理能力。此外,客户也重视企业领导者的专业知识。实践启示本研究建议政府机构和旅游中小企业自身应更多地关注领导力。为中小企业领导人提供培训课程、交流项目、研讨会和讲习班,以提高他们的领导能力。原创性/价值研究结果提供了一个更全面的观点,内部和外部因素影响中小企业在越南旅游部门的竞争力。这也有助于竞争力和领导力的研究,通过提出领导能力和中小企业竞争力之间的积极联系。
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引用次数: 22
Health hazard of using mosquito repellent in Khulna city, Bangladesh 孟加拉国库尔纳市使用驱蚊剂对健康的危害
Pub Date : 2020-11-12 DOI: 10.1108/jed-05-2020-0067
Muniva Islam, M. Z. Haider, Faijan Bin Halim
PurposeMosquito problem per se arises with diverse weather patterns. With regard to mosquito diseases, people intrinsically use repellents regardless of the harmful effect. The use of repellents like coil, spray, liquid vaporizer and mosquito cream triggers indoor congestion, and thereby respiratory diseases. Eventually, people have to bear high out-of-pocket costs.Design/methodology/approachThis study has applied a stratified systematic sampling technique taking 120 adult individuals from residential and slum areas covering users and non-users of mosquito repellents of Khulna city, Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire has been used to collect data from respondents.FindingsEconometric techniques are exercised to examine the occurrence, severity and duration of different respiratory diseases. Results exhibit that poor and less-educated slum people are more prone to face respiratory diseases compared to residential people. The health cost of slum and residential people is estimated US$ 134 and US$ 9, respectively.Originality/valueFinally, this study underpins arranging public health programs and taking averting actions as an impetus to raise consciousness toward the negative health effect of using mosquito repellents.
蚊子问题本身是由不同的天气模式引起的。对于蚊虫疾病,人们本质上使用驱虫剂,而不考虑其有害影响。驱蚊剂的使用,如蚊香、喷雾剂、液体蒸发器和驱蚊膏,会引发室内拥挤,从而引发呼吸道疾病。最终,人们不得不承担高昂的自付费用。设计/方法/方法本研究采用分层系统抽样技术,从孟加拉国库尔纳市使用和不使用驱蚊剂的居民区和贫民窟抽取120名成年人。一份结构化的问卷被用来收集受访者的数据。结果运用计量学技术考察不同呼吸道疾病的发生、严重程度和持续时间。结果表明,与居民相比,贫困和受教育程度较低的贫民窟居民更容易患呼吸道疾病。贫民窟居民和居民的保健费用估计分别为134美元和9美元。独创性/价值最后,本研究支持安排公共卫生计划和采取避免行动,作为提高人们对使用驱蚊剂对健康负面影响的意识的推动力。
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引用次数: 1
An RBC model with non-Ricardian households: lessons for Bulgaria (1999–2018) 非李嘉图家庭的RBC模型:保加利亚的经验(1999-2018)
Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.1108/JED-06-2020-0077
Aleksandar Vasilev
Purpose: We introduce non-Ricardian ("hand-to-mouth") myopic agents into an other- wise standard real-business-cycle (RBC) setup augmented with a detailed government sector.We investigate the quantitative importance of the presence of non-optimizing households for cyclical fluctuations in Bulgaria. Design Methodology/approach: We calibrate the RBC model to Bulgarian data for the period following the introduction of the currency board arrangement (1999-2018). Findings: We find that the inclusion of such non-Ricardian households improves model performance along several dimensions and generally provides a better match vis-a-vis data, as compared to the standard model populated with Ricardian agents only. Originality/value: This is a novel finding in the macroeconomic studies on Bulgaria using modern quantitative methods.
目的:我们将非李嘉图(“手到嘴”)近视代理人引入另一种标准的真实商业周期(RBC)设置,并增加了详细的政府部门。我们调查了保加利亚存在的非优化家庭对周期性波动的定量重要性。设计方法/方法:我们将RBC模型校准为引入货币发行局安排(1999-2018)后的保加利亚数据。研究结果:我们发现,与仅使用李嘉图代理填充的标准模型相比,纳入此类非李嘉图家庭在几个维度上提高了模型的性能,并且通常提供了更好的面对面数据匹配。原创性/价值:这是运用现代定量方法对保加利亚进行宏观经济研究的一个新发现。
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引用次数: 0
Investors’ attention: does it impact the Nigerian stock market activities? 投资者关注:会影响尼日利亚股市活动吗?
Pub Date : 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.1108/JED-02-2020-0015
O. Osabuohien-Irabor
PurposeThe author investigates whether investors’ online information demand measured by Google search query and the changes in the numbers of Wikipedia page view can explain and predict stock return, trading volume and volatility dynamics of companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange.Design/methodology/approachThe multiple regression model which encompasses both the univariate and multivariate regression framework was employed as the research methodology. As part of our pre-analysis, we test for multicollinearity and applied the Wu/Hausman specification test to detect whether endogeneity exist in the regression model.FindingsWe provide novel and robust evidence that Google searches neither explain the contemporaneous nor predict stock return, trading volume and volatility dynamics. Similarly, results also indicate that trading volume and volatility dynamics have no relationship with changes in the numbers of Wikipedia pages view related to stock activities.Originality/valueThis study opens new strand of empirical literature of “investors' attention” in the context of African stock markets as empirical evidence. No evidence from previous studies on investors' attention exist, whether in Google search query or Wikipedia page view, with respect to African stock markets, particularly the Nigerian stock market. This study seeks to bridge these knowledge gaps by examining these relations.
目的研究通过Google搜索查询量衡量的投资者在线信息需求和维基百科页面浏览量的变化是否可以解释和预测尼日利亚证券交易所上市公司的股票收益、交易量和波动动态。设计/方法/方法采用多元回归模型作为研究方法,多元回归模型包含单变量和多变量回归框架。作为预分析的一部分,我们检验了多重共线性,并应用Wu/Hausman规格检验来检测回归模型中是否存在内生性。我们提供了新颖而有力的证据,证明谷歌搜索既不能解释同时也不能预测股票回报、交易量和波动动态。同样,结果也表明,交易量和波动性动态与与股票活动相关的维基百科页面浏览量的变化没有关系。原创性/价值本研究在非洲股票市场作为实证证据的背景下,开辟了“投资者注意力”实证文献的新线索。在之前的研究中,无论是谷歌搜索查询还是维基百科页面浏览量,都没有证据表明投资者的注意力与非洲股市,特别是尼日利亚股市有关。本研究试图通过研究这些关系来弥合这些知识差距。
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引用次数: 2
Economic role of education in agriculture: evidence from rural Vietnam 教育在农业中的经济作用:来自越南农村的证据
Pub Date : 2020-09-11 DOI: 10.1108/JED-05-2020-0052
Lê Khương Ninh
PurposeThis paper investigates the impact of education on output of rice farming households in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachGiven the literature review, this paper specifies three empirical models (i.e. linear constant coefficient model, partially nonlinear model and linear varied coefficient model) with variables that well describe the mechanism through which education affects output. The data were collected from 901 rice farming households randomly selected out of ten provinces and city in the Mekong River Delta (MRD) of Vietnam. The models are estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) and Robinson's (1988) double residual estimators.FindingsEstimates of the empirical models show that seed, fertilizer, labor and farm size have significant impacts on output of rice farming households while pesticide and herbicide do not. Education is also found to have a positive effect on output of rice farming households because it helps them better manage farms of larger size via combining various inputs in a more desirable way.Originality/valueThis paper confirms the positive impact of education on agricultural output, which implies that policies aiming to provide better education to rural people will greatly enhance their income as well as trigger long-term economic and agricultural growth.
目的研究教育对越南水稻农户产量的影响。设计/方法/途径在文献综述的基础上,本文提出了三个实证模型(线性常系数模型、部分非线性模型和线性变系数模型),这些模型的变量很好地描述了教育影响产出的机制。数据收集自越南湄公河三角洲(MRD)十个省市随机抽取的901户水稻农户。使用普通最小二乘(OLS)和Robinson(1988)双残差估计器对模型进行估计。实证模型估计表明,种子、肥料、劳动力和农场规模对水稻农户的产量有显著影响,而农药和除草剂对水稻农户的产量没有显著影响。教育对水稻农户的产量也有积极的影响,因为它帮助他们以更理想的方式组合各种投入,更好地管理规模较大的农场。本文证实了教育对农业产出的积极影响,这意味着旨在为农村人口提供更好教育的政策将大大提高他们的收入,并引发长期的经济和农业增长。
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引用次数: 22
Modelling the synergy between fiscal incentives and foreign direct investment in Ghana 对加纳财政激励与外国直接投资之间的协同效应进行建模
Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.1108/jed-01-2020-0006
Adamu Braimah Abille, Desmond Mbe-Nyire Mpuure, I. Y. Wuni, P. Dadzie
The purpose of the paper was to investigate the role of fiscal incentives in driving foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into the Ghanaian economy based on data from 1975 to 2017 with the Eclectic paradigm as the theoretical basis. FDI inflows was the dependent variable whiles trade openness, corporate tax rate, exchange rate and market size were the independent variables with corporate tax rate as the main explanatory variable of interest.,The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test technique was employed to investigate Cointegration in the model. The results showed the presence of cointegration among the variables.,The results revealed that corporate tax rates have a significant negative impact on FDI inflows into the Ghanaian economy in the long run and significant positive impact on FDI inflows in the short run. In the context of Ghana, the positive short-run relationship observed is attributed to the lag effect of tax policy on FDI inflows.,One obvious limitation of the research is that, it does not identify the specific foreign businesses that are more deserving of a low corporate rate and to what extent can that boost FDI inflows in Ghana. Another limitation is that the data analyzed in the paper is exclusively for Ghana and the findings may not be generalized for other countries.,Based on the research findings, it is recommended that the Ghana Revenue Service (GRA) restructures the corporate tax regime in the country to deal with the policy lapses. It is also recommended that low corporate rates should be maintained especially in respect of foreign companies that are into the production of goods and services for which indigenous companies in Ghana have a comparative disadvantage in order to drive FDI into the Ghanaian economy.,This paper is unique for providing up to date and dynamic insights into the tax incentive and FDI nexus in the Ghanaian context.
本文的目的是基于1975年至2017年的数据,以折衷主义范式为理论基础,研究财政激励在推动外国直接投资(FDI)流入加纳经济中的作用。FDI流入量是因变量,贸易开放度、企业税率、汇率和市场规模是自变量,企业税率是利率的主要解释变量。采用自回归分布滞后(ARDL)界检验技术对模型进行协整分析。结果表明变量之间存在协整。研究结果表明,从长期来看,企业税率对流入加纳经济的FDI有显著的负面影响,而从短期来看,企业税率对流入加纳经济的FDI有显著的积极影响。在加纳的情况下,观察到的积极短期关系归因于税收政策对外国直接投资流入的滞后效应。该研究的一个明显局限性是,它没有确定更应该享受低企业税率的具体外国企业,也没有确定这在多大程度上能促进加纳的外国直接投资流入。另一个限制是,论文中分析的数据仅针对加纳,研究结果可能无法推广到其他国家。根据研究结果,建议加纳税务局(GRA)重组该国的公司税制度,以应对政策失误。还建议保持较低的公司税率,特别是对于从事加纳本土公司相对不利的商品和服务生产的外国公司,以便推动外国直接投资进入加纳经济。本文的独特之处在于为加纳背景下的税收激励和外国直接投资关系提供了最新和动态的见解。
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引用次数: 9
Assessing the influence of exchange rate on agricultural commodity export price: evidence from Vietnamese coffee 评估汇率对农产品出口价格的影响:以越南咖啡为例
Pub Date : 2020-09-08 DOI: 10.1108/jed-02-2020-0014
T. Dang, Caihong Zhang, T. Nguyen, Ngọc Trung Nguyễn
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the influence of VND/USD exchange rate on Vietnamese coffee export price (PVN).,The study uses cointegration test, Granger causality test and vector autoregression (VAR) model.,The results reveal that there is no co-integrating equation between two variables. It means the exchange rate does not have an effect on PVN in the long run. Furthermore, there is one Granger causality relationship between VND/USD exchange rate and PVN in the short run, but not vice versa. The study suggests that the first previous period of PVN is the most closely related variable which has the greatest impact on the variation of PVN among the selected variables, meanwhile the effect of VND/USD exchange rate on it, contrarily, is positive and very trivial.,In overall, the impact of VND/USD exchange rate on Vietnamese coffee export price (PVN) has been analyzed deeply in this research by applying new approaches.
本文旨在评估越南盾/美元汇率对越南咖啡出口价格(PVN)的影响。本研究采用协整检验、格兰杰因果检验和向量自回归(VAR)模型。结果表明,两个变量之间不存在协整方程。这意味着从长远来看,汇率对PVN没有影响。此外,短期内越南盾/美元汇率与PVN之间存在格兰杰因果关系,反之则不存在格兰杰因果关系。研究表明,在所选变量中,PVN的前一期是关系最密切的变量,对PVN的变化影响最大,而越南盾对美元汇率对PVN的影响则是正的,且非常微不足道。总体而言,本研究运用新方法深入分析了越南盾/美元汇率对越南咖啡出口价格(PVN)的影响。
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引用次数: 3
Implementasi Sustainability Reporting Pada Perusahaan Yang Termasuk Ke Dalam Indeks LQ45
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.33005/jedi.v3i2.66
A. Nurfitriana
Sustainability reporting is one of report includes economics, environment, and social dimensions. Because of stakeholders need financial and non financial informatio. So, this research purpose to determine implementation of sustainability reporting in companies includes LQ45 index. This research uses desriptive method and data analysis used content analysis approach.  The population are 45 companies and sampling technique using purposive sampling. So the sample are 28 companies. The results of this research are the implementation of sustainability reporting still average category. However, there are several sector as low category namely various industrial sectors, the consumer goods industry, the basic chemical industry, finance, investment trading services, as well as residential and construction properties.
可持续发展报告是包括经济、环境和社会维度的报告之一。因为利益相关者需要财务和非财务信息。因此,本研究的目的是确定可持续发展报告在公司的实施包括LQ45指数。本研究采用描述性方法,数据分析采用内容分析法。人口为45家公司,抽样技术采用有目的抽样。样本是28家公司。本研究的结果是可持续发展报告的实施仍处于平均类别。然而,有几个部门作为低类别,即各种工业部门,消费品行业,基础化工行业,金融,投资贸易服务,以及住宅和建筑物业。
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引用次数: 5
Analisis Pengaruh Transaksi Pembayaran Non Tunai Terhadap Jumlah Uang Beredar Di Indonesia 分析非现金交易对印尼货币供应的影响
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.33005/jedi.v3i2.68
Devi Kartika Sari
The advancement of science and technology is always growing rapidly, no exception on financial technology. The development of financial technology has led to innovation payment systems from a cash payment system to a non-cash payment system. The study aims to determine the effect of non-cash transactions (credit card, ATM/debit card, and E-money) on the amount of money supply in Indonesia. Research using data sourced from Bank Indonesia (BI) and the Central Statistics Agency. The data used in this research is the quarter time series data between the years 2015(I) to the year 2019 (II). The analytical techniques used in this study multiple regression analysis. The result of this study indicate that non-cash transactions using credit cards, ATM/debit cards, and E-money simultaneously have significant effect on the amount of money supply (M1) in Indonesia. Partially, ATM/debit card significant impact on the amount of money supply (M1), while credit cards and E-money have no significant effect.
科技的进步总是在飞速发展,金融科技也不例外。金融科技的发展带动了支付系统的创新,从现金支付系统向非现金支付系统发展。该研究旨在确定非现金交易(信用卡、ATM/借记卡和电子货币)对印尼货币供应量的影响。研究使用来自印度尼西亚银行(BI)和中央统计局的数据。本研究使用的数据为2015年(I)至2019年(II)的季度时间序列数据。本研究使用的分析技术为多元回归分析。本研究的结果表明,同时使用信用卡、ATM/借记卡和电子货币的非现金交易对印度尼西亚的货币供应量(M1)有显著影响。部分,ATM/借记卡对货币供应量(M1)有显著影响,而信用卡和电子货币没有显著影响。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Journal of Economics and Development
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