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2022 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)最新文献

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SCL-SLAM: A Scan Context-enabled LiDAR SLAM Using Factor Graph-Based Optimization SCL-SLAM:基于因子图优化的扫描上下文激光雷达SLAM
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9987005
Zhiqiang Chen, Yuhua Qi, Shipeng Zhong, Dapeng Feng, Qiming Chen, Hongbo Chen
In this paper, we present a complete LiDAR SLAM framework, SCL-SLAM, by integrating the loop closure module with the Scan Context descriptor into the tightly-coupled LiDAR-Inertial odometry FAST-LIO2. As a front-end, the direct LiDAR-Inertial odometry module efficiently and robustly produces motion estimates and undistorted scans. Toward the global localization based on 3D LiDAR scans, the lightweight Scan Context descriptor is used in the loop detection module. Additionally, the scan input is filtered through the keyframe selection module to improve the computation efficiency. As a back-end, a pose graph optimization is performed for the optimized trajectory and globally consistent map. SCL-SLAM is extensively evaluated on public datasets and a robot platform over various scales and environments. Experimental result shows that SCL-SLAM achieves higher accuracy than other state-of-art LiDAR SLAM systems and real-time performance. We also extend the proposed system to a centralized architecture SLAM framework for the robot team to use with 3D LiDAR observations.
在本文中,我们提出了一个完整的LiDAR SLAM框架,SCL-SLAM,通过将环路闭合模块与扫描上下文描述符集成到紧密耦合的LiDAR-惯性里程计FAST-LIO2中。作为前端,直接激光雷达-惯性里程计模块高效、鲁棒地产生运动估计和无失真扫描。对于基于3D激光雷达扫描的全局定位,环路检测模块中使用了轻量级的扫描上下文描述符。另外,通过关键帧选择模块对扫描输入进行滤波,提高了计算效率。作为后端,对优化后的轨迹和全局一致图进行姿态图优化。在各种规模和环境的公共数据集和机器人平台上对SCL-SLAM进行了广泛的评估。实验结果表明,与其他激光雷达SLAM系统相比,SCL-SLAM系统具有更高的精度和实时性。我们还将提出的系统扩展为集中式架构SLAM框架,供机器人团队与3D激光雷达观测一起使用。
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引用次数: 2
Configuration Uncertainty Propagation of Geocentric Interferometric Constellation with Respect to Orbital Element Errors 考虑轨道元误差的地心干涉星座构型不确定度传播
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9987220
F. Jia, Xiangyu Li, Xingyu Zhou, D. Qiao
The interferometric constellations are widely applied to high-precision measurement in space, such as space gravitational waves detection. Uncertain propagation study of constellations can provide guidance for configuration design, but highly nonlinear dynamics and large evolution time make it very difficult. This paper aims at the uncertainty propagation of the geocentric interferometric constellations under the action of complex conservative forces. First, the configuration parameters of a constellation are introduced. The magnitudes of the conservative perturbations at different orbital altitudes are analyzed, including the third body perturbations from the Moon, the Sun and the Earth's non-spherical perturbation. Secondly, the initial state of the constellation is represented by the set of orbital elements of each spacecraft. The deviations of the orbital elements are separately applied to the initial configurations of different orientations and sizes to study the configuration uncertainty propagations. It is found that the accumulation of phase deviation is the major factor leading to the configuration deformation. The uncertainty magnitude of the constellation is inversely related to the configurational size. Besides, the configuration of the constellations, whose orbital period is resonated with the Moon, should be avoided in the mission design.
干涉星座被广泛应用于空间高精度测量,如空间引力波探测。星座的不确定性传播研究可以为构型设计提供指导,但高度非线性的动力学特性和大的演化时间使得设计难度很大。本文研究了地心干涉星座在复保守力作用下的不确定性传播。首先,介绍了星座的构型参数。分析了不同轨道高度的保守扰动的大小,包括来自月球、太阳和地球的非球面扰动的第三体扰动。其次,用各航天器的轨道元集合来表示星座的初始状态。将轨道元的偏差分别应用于不同方向和尺寸的初始构型,研究构型不确定性的传播。研究发现,相位偏差的累积是导致结构变形的主要因素。星座的不确定度大小与构型尺寸成反比。此外,在任务设计中应避免星座的配置与月球的轨道周期产生共振。
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引用次数: 0
A Latency-offset Online Trajectory Planner based on Successive Convex Approximation 基于连续凸逼近的延迟偏移在线轨迹规划
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986991
Yiming Li, Bin Jiang, Junan Yang, Jian Wang, Beibei Li, Keju Huang, Kun Shao
An online trajectory planner permits autonomous unmanned vehicles to maneuver in a changing mission scenario and varying environment. However, in real-time online plannings, task performance, completeness and accuracy is seriously challenged by the latency during mission planning and scheme computation. To address the issue, we propose a latency-correcting online trajectory planner based on successive convex approximation (SCA), which is aiming at offset the latency in the planning. In this work, two types of latency are considered, i.e., a prior known variable and computation, where the latter one poses a problem. With this, we devise an online latency method to predict computing latency by conducting time complexity analysis. The experiment is to design an optimal UAV trajectory to serve the eavesdropping of an uncooperative emitter. The results showed this harmful latency effect, and then demonstrated the improved accuracy and task performance of the proposed planner.
在线轨迹规划器允许自主无人驾驶车辆在不断变化的任务场景和环境中进行机动。然而,在实时在线规划中,任务规划和方案计算过程中的延迟严重挑战了任务的性能、完整性和准确性。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种基于连续凸近似(SCA)的延迟校正在线轨迹规划器,旨在抵消规划中的延迟。在这项工作中,考虑了两种类型的延迟,即一个先前已知的变量和计算,其中后者提出了一个问题。为此,我们设计了一种在线延迟方法,通过时间复杂度分析来预测计算延迟。该实验旨在设计一种最优无人机轨迹,以服务于非合作发射器的窃听。结果显示了这种有害的延迟效应,然后证明了所提出的规划器提高了准确性和任务性能。
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引用次数: 0
A Pixhawk-ROS Based Development Solution for the Research of Autonomous Quadrotor Flight with a Rotor Failure 基于Pixhawk-ROS的转子故障自主四旋翼飞行研究开发方案
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986633
Tianxing Chen, X. Zhuang, Zhiwei Hou, Hongbo Chen
In this paper, a development solution based on Pixhawk and Robot Operating System (ROS) is proposed for the research and application of autonomous quadrotor flight with a rotor failure. The solution adopts the ROS development framework, which allows users to design the fault-tolerant controller for quadrotor directly in ROS to update control signals in high frequency. In addition, the proposed solution can be further validated using the ROS-Gazebo visual simulation environment for different types of fault-tolerant controllers and deployed in real quadrotor. Finally, a specific fault-tolerant controller and its control effects are given in this paper to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed solution.
针对旋翼故障自主四旋翼飞行的研究与应用,提出了一种基于Pixhawk和机器人操作系统(ROS)的开发方案。该方案采用ROS开发框架,允许用户直接在ROS中设计四旋翼容错控制器,实现控制信号的高频更新。此外,利用ROS-Gazebo可视化仿真环境对不同类型的容错控制器进行了进一步验证,并在实际四旋翼飞行器中进行了部署。最后,给出了一种具体的容错控制器及其控制效果,说明了该方案的有效性和优越性。
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引用次数: 1
Sampled-data-based Event-triggered Affine Formation Control for Multi-agent Systems with Intergrator Dynamics 基于采样数据的多智能体系统事件触发仿射编队控制
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9987105
Xiaofeng Chai, Yue Sun, Na Zhang, Shuai Ma, Yuxiang Wang, Qi Diao
In this paper, the affine formation control problem is adressed using event-triggered method based on the sample data. Individuals in this system has first-order dynamics. Two different methods basing on sampled information are developed respectively. Zeno behavior is excluded as a result of the sampling schemein. Continous communication is avoided in self-triggered strategy. It can be proved that affine formation is realized eventually under two proposed control schemes. Finally, numerical examples show the validity of proposed strategies.
本文采用基于样本数据的事件触发方法解决了仿射编队控制问题。这个系统中的个体具有一阶动力学。分别提出了两种基于采样信息的方法。作为抽样方案的结果,芝诺行为被排除在外。在自我触发策略中避免了持续的沟通。可以证明,在两种控制方案下,最终都实现了仿射形成。最后,通过数值算例验证了所提策略的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic UAV Swarm Task Planning in Cooperative Region Coverage Detection based on Greedy Policy 基于贪婪策略的协同区域覆盖检测无人机群任务自动规划
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986918
Rentuo Tao, Shikang Li, Xianzhe Xu, Yawei Chen, Linghao Xia, Yuhao Yang
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAVs) swarm has great advantage over traditional equipment in cooperative detection scenario for its easy-maneuverability, no human injury and low cost, etc. As a representative task in cooperative detection, region coverage has widely applications in environmental monitoring, search and rescue, etc. In UAV cooperative detection tasks, the most critical step is task planning, which has direct impact on the overall detection performance. The target of task planning is to generate planned actions and flight route for UAVs to complete specific detection task according to UAV swarm locations, sensor ability, task region, etc. However, traditional task planning methods for UAV cooperative detection that based on evolutionary computing or reinforcement learning always need plenty of time for getting planning results. In this paper, we proposed a top-down task planning algorithm based on greedy policy to tackle this problem. The core idea of the proposed method lies in that we choose optimal detection trace from all trace candidates during each planning step in a greedy manner via a predefined performance indicator. Moreover, we also proposed a simple but effective procedure for generate detection trace candidates by corner points and nearest border points extraction. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conducted comprehensive experiments for the representative swarm detection task region coverage. Experiment results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method and superiority over traditional methods on task planning speed.
在协同探测场景下,无人机群具有机动性好、无人员伤害、成本低等优点。区域覆盖作为协同探测中的一项代表性任务,在环境监测、搜救等领域有着广泛的应用。在无人机协同探测任务中,任务规划是最关键的一步,它直接影响到整体探测性能。任务规划的目标是根据无人机群位置、传感器能力、任务区域等,生成无人机完成特定探测任务的计划动作和飞行路线。然而,传统的基于进化计算或强化学习的无人机协同检测任务规划方法往往需要大量的时间来获得规划结果。本文提出了一种基于贪婪策略的自顶向下任务规划算法来解决这一问题。该方法的核心思想是通过预定义的性能指标,在每个规划步骤中以贪婪的方式从所有候选轨迹中选择最优检测轨迹。此外,我们还提出了一种简单而有效的方法,通过提取角点和最近边界点来生成检测候选迹。为了评估该方法的有效性,我们对具有代表性的群体检测任务区域覆盖率进行了综合实验。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性,在任务规划速度上优于传统方法。
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引用次数: 1
Distributed Adaptive Formation Control for Nonholonomic Mobile Robots over Noisy Communication Networks 噪声通信网络下非完整移动机器人的分布式自适应编队控制
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986942
Weiwei Zhan, Zhiqiang Miao, Yanjie Chen, Yaonan Wang
In this paper, we solve the formation problem of nonholonomic mobile robots (NMRs) over noisy communication networks. The communication signals with noisy information are exchanged among different NMRs by a directed graph. Only the individual mobile robot directly receives the actual and feasible signals itself without communication. Besides, the sensor-to-control signals suffering from the noise are modeled by a nonlinear function including unknown parameters and uncertainties. Combined with the adaptive control technique and robust control technique, the unknown parameters and uncertainties of noisy signal models are respectively estimated and compensated, respectively. Then, a novel distributed adaptive formation controller is proposed to guarantee convergence to the optimal positions over noisy communication networks. It is proved that the formation errors are convergent to a small neighbourhood of origin and closed-loop signals of each NMRs are bounded. A simulation example is given to demonstrate the theoretical studies.
本文研究了非完整移动机器人(NMRs)在噪声通信网络中的形成问题。带有噪声信息的通信信号通过有向图在不同核磁共振之间进行交换。只有单独的移动机器人自己直接接收实际可行的信号,无需通信。此外,对受噪声影响的传感器到控制信号采用包含未知参数和不确定性的非线性函数建模。结合自适应控制技术和鲁棒控制技术,分别对噪声信号模型的未知参数和不确定性进行估计和补偿。在此基础上,提出了一种新的分布式自适应编队控制器,以保证在噪声通信网络中收敛到最优位置。证明了形成误差收敛于一个小的原点邻域,并且每个核磁共振的闭环信号是有界的。最后通过仿真实例对理论研究进行了验证。
{"title":"Distributed Adaptive Formation Control for Nonholonomic Mobile Robots over Noisy Communication Networks","authors":"Weiwei Zhan, Zhiqiang Miao, Yanjie Chen, Yaonan Wang","doi":"10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986942","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we solve the formation problem of nonholonomic mobile robots (NMRs) over noisy communication networks. The communication signals with noisy information are exchanged among different NMRs by a directed graph. Only the individual mobile robot directly receives the actual and feasible signals itself without communication. Besides, the sensor-to-control signals suffering from the noise are modeled by a nonlinear function including unknown parameters and uncertainties. Combined with the adaptive control technique and robust control technique, the unknown parameters and uncertainties of noisy signal models are respectively estimated and compensated, respectively. Then, a novel distributed adaptive formation controller is proposed to guarantee convergence to the optimal positions over noisy communication networks. It is proved that the formation errors are convergent to a small neighbourhood of origin and closed-loop signals of each NMRs are bounded. A simulation example is given to demonstrate the theoretical studies.","PeriodicalId":345773,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114396411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Implementation of the SLAM Method in ROS System and Underwater Robot SLAM方法在ROS系统和水下机器人中的实现
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986897
Fei Suo, Jiaqi Lv, Zhan Wang
Autonomous localization and map construction of underwater robots in unknown environments is a very important research area. Visual SLAM technology is based on visual processing algorithms and can accomplish this task at a low cost. This paper focuses on a set of underwater robot visual SLAM experimental process. Based on ROS system, Mono visual SLAM experiments are performed on UWSim simulation environment and real robot respectively by using mature ORB-SLAM2 algorithm. The experimental results show that this method can accurately build the sparse point cloud map of the environment under the condition of sufficient environmental feature points.
水下机器人在未知环境下的自主定位与地图构建是一个非常重要的研究领域。视觉SLAM技术基于视觉处理算法,可以以较低的成本完成这一任务。本文主要研究了一套水下机器人视觉SLAM的实验过程。基于ROS系统,采用成熟的ORB-SLAM2算法,分别在UWSim仿真环境和真实机器人上进行了单视觉SLAM实验。实验结果表明,该方法可以在环境特征点充足的情况下,准确地构建环境的稀疏点云图。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive Assignment Re-Consensus in Communication-Constrained Environments 通信约束环境下的自适应分配再协商
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9987068
J. Xiong, Juan Li, Jie Li
When employing swarms of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in communication-constrained environments, it is of vital importance to coordinate their actions in cooperation despite sparse and unreliable communication channels. This paper proposes an adaptive dual-phased threshold-based assignment scheme for robust coordination under lossy communication. The assignment scheme is inspired by features in handshake protocols, using records upon failed communications to keep track of swarm mates and consensus rates. Resendings of vital information pieces within core steps of assignment negotiation are arranged to increase consensus rates above the threshold. The resendings are constrained by switching criteria designed to balance between information integrity and assignment timeliness. The overall scheme is termed Robust Assignment under Lossy Communication (RALC). The proposed RALC is evaluated at various levels of communication reliability, using the Bernoulli model and the Gilbert-Elliott model. Numerical experiments demonstrate superior performance of the proposed RALC against the Consensus-Based Auction Algorithm (CBAA), the Probability- Tuned Market-based Allocation (PTMA), and the Repeated G- Prim auction (RGPrim) in communication degraded scenarios.
在通信受限环境下部署无人机群时,在通信信道稀疏且不可靠的情况下,如何协调无人机群的协同行动至关重要。提出了一种基于双相位阈值的自适应分配方案,用于有损通信下的鲁棒协调。分配方案的灵感来自握手协议的特性,使用失败通信的记录来跟踪群体成员和共识率。在分配谈判的核心步骤中重新发送重要信息片段,以增加共识率高于阈值。为了在信息完整性和作业及时性之间取得平衡而设计的切换标准对再投递进行了约束。整个方案称为有损通信下的鲁棒分配(RALC)。使用伯努利模型和吉尔伯特-艾略特模型,在不同的通信可靠性水平上评估了所提出的RALC。数值实验表明,在通信退化情况下,该算法与基于共识的拍卖算法(CBAA)、基于概率调整的市场分配算法(PTMA)和重复G- Prim拍卖算法(RGPrim)相比,具有优异的性能。
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引用次数: 0
On distributed leader escort control and bipartite time-varying formation tracking of multiple ASVs 多asv分布式领队护航控制与二部时变编队跟踪
Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986768
G. Wen
Distributed leader escort control and bipartite time-varying formation tracking (BTFT) problems are investigated respectively in this paper for a group of multiple autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) in the presence of a dynamic leader. To facilitate the analysis, it is assumed that the velocity and acceleration of the dynamic leader are bounded. By utilizing signed graphs, the following ASVs are divided into two groups to form different time-varying formation configurations. Then, two new kinds of controllers are designed respectively for completing the distributed leader escort control and BTFT tasks under the mild condition that only parts of the following ASVs can obtain the leader's information. By using tools from Lyapunov stability theory and sliding mode control theory, it is proven that the objectives of distributed leader escort control and BTFT can be respectively achieved asymptotically under the designed controllers with appropriate control gains. The results are further extended to the scenarios where the dynamics of following ASVs subject to uncertain Coriolis and centripetal matrix, and uncertain damping matrix. At last, some numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the validity of the designed controllers.
本文研究了一组多自主水面舰艇(asv)在动态leader存在下的分布式leader护航控制和二部时变编队跟踪问题。为了便于分析,假设动态先导体的速度和加速度是有界的。利用带符号图将以下asv分为两组,形成不同的时变队形。然后,设计了两种新的控制器,分别用于在只有以下asv的部分能够获得leader信息的温和条件下完成分布式leader护航控制和BTFT任务。利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论和滑模控制理论的工具,证明了在给定适当的控制增益的情况下,分布式前导护送控制和BTFT的目标可以分别渐近实现。将结果进一步推广到不确定科里奥利矩阵和向心矩阵以及不确定阻尼矩阵下的后续自动驾驶汽车动力学情况。最后通过数值仿真验证了所设计控制器的有效性。
{"title":"On distributed leader escort control and bipartite time-varying formation tracking of multiple ASVs","authors":"G. Wen","doi":"10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUS55513.2022.9986768","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed leader escort control and bipartite time-varying formation tracking (BTFT) problems are investigated respectively in this paper for a group of multiple autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) in the presence of a dynamic leader. To facilitate the analysis, it is assumed that the velocity and acceleration of the dynamic leader are bounded. By utilizing signed graphs, the following ASVs are divided into two groups to form different time-varying formation configurations. Then, two new kinds of controllers are designed respectively for completing the distributed leader escort control and BTFT tasks under the mild condition that only parts of the following ASVs can obtain the leader's information. By using tools from Lyapunov stability theory and sliding mode control theory, it is proven that the objectives of distributed leader escort control and BTFT can be respectively achieved asymptotically under the designed controllers with appropriate control gains. The results are further extended to the scenarios where the dynamics of following ASVs subject to uncertain Coriolis and centripetal matrix, and uncertain damping matrix. At last, some numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the validity of the designed controllers.","PeriodicalId":345773,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130212381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
2022 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned Systems (ICUS)
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