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Implementation, operation and economical assessment of the first 3MW biomass distributed energy resource: A case study of Iran 首个3MW生物质分布式能源项目实施、运行及经济性评价——以伊朗为例
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308862
M. Ataei, S. Malekshah, Mohsen Ghanbarnejad, A. J. Irani
Biomass distributed energy resources are also known as waste-to-energy plants. The heat from the combustion process is used to generate superheated steam in boilers. Municipal solid waste incineration is a greenhouse gas emitter; however, if greenhouse gas emitter reductions, achieved by accounting for waste-to-energy, exceed greenhouse gas emitter emissions, incineration can be considered as a net greenhouse gas emitter reducer. A metropolitan city like Tehran of Iran has the sufficient potential to construct biomass distributed energy resources. In this paper, the technical report of implementation, operation and economical assessment of waste incineration plant of Tehran as a practical case study is presented. The plant nominal capacity is 3MW that is located in the suburb of Tehran in Kahrizak region. The paper approaches are divided into three parts of economic, environmental and technical studies that the main factors of each section are studied. In this paper, the furnace technology of the plant is based on Pyrolysis incinerator that has the optimum combustion rather than other technologies. In addition, the installed filter is poly tetra flour ethylene that could observe 99.8% remaining dusts in the output gas that effect directly to improve the environmental standards.
生物质分布式能源也被称为废物转化为能源的工厂。燃烧过程产生的热量被用来在锅炉中产生过热蒸汽。城市固体废物焚烧是温室气体排放源;但是,如果通过将废物转化为能源实现的温室气体排放减少量超过温室气体排放量,则可以将焚烧视为温室气体排放净减少量。像伊朗德黑兰这样的大都市有足够的潜力建设生物质分布式能源。本文以德黑兰垃圾焚烧厂为例,介绍了其实施、运行和经济评价的技术报告。该工厂的标称容量为3MW,位于Kahrizak地区的德黑兰郊区。本文的研究方法分为经济研究、环境研究和技术研究三个部分,并对每个部分的主要影响因素进行了研究。在本文中,该厂的炉膛技术是基于燃烧效果最佳的热解焚烧炉,而不是其他技术。此外,安装的过滤器为聚四氟乙烯,可观察到输出气体中99.8%的残留粉尘,直接影响环保标准的提高。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of optimal generation scheduling of compressed air energy storage and wind power generation on economic and technical issues 压缩空气储能和风力发电最优发电调度对经济和技术问题的影响
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308854
Mohammd Ghaljehei, M. Golkar
High penetration of wind power increases the generation uncertainty in power systems. Large-scale energy storage systems, such as compressed air energy storage (CAES), can accommodate this uncertainty properly, if it is scheduled optimally. In this paper, a proposed stochastic AC-security constrained unit commitment (AC-SCUC) is performed considering CAES, wind power generation and thermal units, and a techno-economic assessment is conducted in the proposed stochastic methodology. A two-stage stochastic programming is employed to handle uncertainty of wind power generation. As the integration of CAES and wind power uncertainty affect voltage issue of power system, the techno-economic assessment is carried out in the proposed stochastic methodology to shed light on the effects of optimal generation scheduling on the static voltage stability. Due to its less computation cost, the wind power uncertainty is modeled using scenario-based approach. The AC-SCUC problem and CAES scheduling are considered as an optimization problem which is solved using mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) approach. The proposed stochastic methodology is applied to a modified IEEE 30 bus test system.
风电的高渗透率增加了电力系统中发电的不确定性。大型储能系统,如压缩空气储能(CAES),可以适当地适应这种不确定性,如果它是最佳调度。本文提出了一种考虑CAES、风力发电和火电机组的随机交流安全约束机组承诺(AC-SCUC)方法,并对所提出的随机方法进行了技术经济评估。采用两阶段随机规划方法处理风力发电的不确定性。由于CAES和风电的不确定性对电力系统电压问题的影响,本文采用随机方法进行技术经济评价,以揭示最优发电计划对电力系统电压静态稳定的影响。由于计算成本较低,采用基于场景的方法对风电不确定性进行建模。将ac - scc问题和CAES调度问题视为一个优化问题,采用混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)方法求解。提出的随机方法应用于改进的ieee30总线测试系统。
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引用次数: 1
Optimal distribution network reconfiguration considering power quality issues 考虑电能质量问题的配电网优化重构
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308877
Emad Nazerian, Sina Gharebaghi, A. Safdarian
Distribution network reconfiguration as a technique for reducing network losses and enhancing voltage profile has attracted attention of many researchers. In spite of impacts network reconfiguration can have on power quality indices, the potentials have not been studied enough. To fill the gap, this paper presents a method to determine optimum network configuration considering voltage profile, network losses, and total harmonic distortion (THD). The proposed method also vouches for radial structure of the network, supplying all loads, and maintaining voltages and currents within allowable bounds. Since network reconfiguration problem is a combinatorial optimization problem, a meta-heuristic method is applied here. The method is based on a modified version of selective particle swarm optimization (PSO). To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, it is applied to the IEEE 69-bus standard test system and the results are compared with those of genetic algorithm (GA) and ant colony optimization (ACO).
配电网重构作为一种降低网损、改善电压分布的技术,受到了众多研究者的关注。尽管电网重构会对电能质量指标产生影响,但对其潜在影响的研究还不够。为了填补这一空白,本文提出了一种考虑电压分布、网络损耗和总谐波失真(THD)的最佳网络配置方法。所提出的方法还保证了网络的径向结构,提供所有负载,并保持电压和电流在允许的范围内。由于网络重构问题是一个组合优化问题,本文采用了元启发式方法。该方法基于改进的选择性粒子群优化(PSO)。为了验证该方法的有效性,将其应用于IEEE 69总线标准测试系统,并与遗传算法(GA)和蚁群算法(ACO)的结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 8
A Bi-level model for strategic bidding of virtual power plant in day-ahead and balancing market 日前均衡市场下虚拟电厂策略竞价的双层模型
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308833
M. Shafiekhani, A. Badri, Farshad Khavari
Today, with the reduced fossil fuel resources and increased environmental concerns, considering the increased use of renewable energy sources in power grids appears to be essential given the great benefits of these resources. The virtual power plant is an extensive energy management system to gather the capacity of interruptible loads, storage devices and distributed products to provide support services for the system and the energy marketing. The main objective of this paper is to provide a method for an optimal virtual power plant bidding strategy considering rivals in a joint day-ahead and balancing market. To this end, a bi-level mathematical optimization model with equilibrium constraints is provided. The first level of this model includes the maximization of the virtual power plant profits, while its second level involves maximizing the level of social welfare. The bi-level model is converted to a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model using the theory of duality and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimization conditions. The mentioned model is tested on the Standard IEEE 24-Bus network, which results indicated its effectiveness.
今天,随着矿物燃料资源的减少和环境问题的增加,考虑到这些资源的巨大利益,在电网中增加使用可再生能源似乎是必不可少的。虚拟电厂是一个广泛的能源管理系统,它收集可中断负荷、存储设备和分布式产品的容量,为系统和能源营销提供支持服务。本文的主要目的是提供一种联合日前平衡市场中考虑竞争对手的最优虚拟电厂报价策略的方法。为此,提出了一个具有均衡约束的双层数学优化模型。该模型的第一级涉及虚拟电厂利润最大化,第二级涉及社会福利水平最大化。利用对偶理论和KKT (Karush-Kuhn-Tucker)优化条件,将双层模型转化为混合整数线性规划模型。该模型在标准IEEE 24总线网络上进行了测试,结果表明了该模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 8
Optimal network configuration considering network losses and service reliability 考虑网络损耗和业务可靠性的最优网络配置
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308879
Sina Gharebaghi, M. Izadi, A. Safdarian
Distribution networks are designed in loop structure, while they are operated as radial networks. In this regard, the location of normally open (NO) switches is usually determined by either minimizing real power losses or maximizing the reliability level. However, considering both losses and reliability in the decision making procedure may lead to a better solution. To do so, this paper proposes a mathematical model to find the optimal configuration of NO switches such that losses and reliability are optimized. The multi-objective model is scrutinized via weighted sum approach to achieve a single-objective model. The model is formulated in mixed integer quadratically constrained programming (MIQCP) format which can be easily solved in an effective run time. The effectiveness of the model is revealed through various scenarios and sensitivity analyses by simulating a real Finnish distribution network.
配电网设计成环状结构,运行方式为径向网络。在这方面,常开(NO)开关的位置通常由最小化实际功率损耗或最大化可靠性级别来确定。然而,在决策过程中同时考虑损失和可靠性可能会导致更好的解决方案。为此,本文提出了一种数学模型来寻找无功开关的最优配置,使损耗和可靠性得到优化。采用加权和法对多目标模型进行分析,得到单目标模型。该模型采用混合整数二次约束规划(MIQCP)格式,求解简便,运行时间短。通过对芬兰实际配电网的仿真分析,验证了该模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal DG placement and sizing based on MICP in radial distribution networks 径向配电网中基于MICP的DG布局优化
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308876
M. Mousavi, A. Ranjbar, A. Safdarian
Electric distribution system is one of the most important parts of power systems owing to delivering electricity to consumers. The major amount of losses in a power system is in distribution level. Optimal distributed generation (DG) placement and sizing have a significant effect on power loss reduction in distribution systems. In this paper, a mixed integer conic programming (MICP) approach is presented to solve the problem of DG placement, sizing, and hourly generation with the aim of reducing power loss and costs in radial distribution systems. The costs include both investment and operational costs of DGs. Hourly load variations are considered in the model. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed solution approach, studies are carried out on the IEEE 33-bus distribution test system.
配电系统是电力系统中最重要的组成部分之一,负责向用户输送电力。电力系统的主要损耗发生在配电级。分布式发电机组的优化布局和配置对降低配电系统的功率损耗具有重要的影响。本文提出了一种混合整数二次规划(MICP)方法,以降低径向配电系统的电力损耗和成本为目标,来解决DG的布局、大小和每小时发电的问题。成本包括DGs的投资成本和运营成本。模型中考虑了每小时负荷的变化。为了验证所提出的解决方法的有效性,在IEEE 33总线配电测试系统上进行了研究。
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引用次数: 3
Cyber-physical interdependency in smart grid 智能电网中的网络物理相互依赖
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/sgc.2017.8308849
H. Zeynal, Sima Ahmadpour
The edge of technology has yet to come at a very sophisticated level where hardware and software are integrated to form a sturdy system. High efficiently, self-reliance and self-healing are of main concerns when age of smart grids appeared. Smart grids play a crucial role in delivering seamless power supply efficiently with higher resiliency. However, the mellifluous operation of this grid, as a physical system, is subjugated by a cyborg network which contains data communication devices and it associated protocols. The resultant system which is a two coexistent incongruous network introduces a plethora of operational hurdles by far the interdependency that is a thorny issue. This work attempts simulating the codependent operation of both network elements when executing as a smart grid. To facilitate the modeling and analysis, a GUI tool is developed to make the simulation user-friendly and make the initial promises that every proposition towards optimizing smart grid has to take into account co-optimization of both networks elements.
技术的边缘还没有达到一个非常复杂的水平,硬件和软件集成在一起,形成一个坚固的系统。智能电网时代的到来,人们主要关注的是高效、自主和自愈。智能电网在高效无缝供电和高弹性供电方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,这个网格的流畅运行,作为一个物理系统,被一个包含数据通信设备及其相关协议的半机械人网络所征服。由此产生的系统是一个两个共存的不协调的网络,引入了大量的操作障碍,到目前为止,相互依赖是一个棘手的问题。这项工作试图模拟两个网络元素在作为智能电网执行时的相互依赖操作。为了便于建模和分析,开发了一个GUI工具,使仿真对用户友好,并做出了初始承诺,即优化智能电网的每个提议都必须考虑两个网元的协同优化。
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引用次数: 1
Low-voltage ride-through capability of flyback inverter under BCM operation for AC module applications 交流模块应用中BCM操作下反激逆变器的低压穿越能力
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308866
Sajad A. Ansari, S. Hosseinian, J. Moghani
Under voltage rise/drop conditions, grid-connected distributed generation systems have to be disconnected from the grid. However, due to the increasing number of grid-connected PV systems, the future photovoltaic (PV) systems should become more active and support low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability. The aim of this paper is to show a new advantage of the flyback inverter under boundary conduction mode (BCM) for supporting LVRT capability without using any auxiliary control system and any limitation in designing of the parameters. The detailed operation of the flyback inverter under increasing and decreasing conditions of the grid voltage for BCM operation are presented. Finally, simulation results based on the flyback inverter under grid faults are demonstrated. The results elucidate that the flyback inverter under BCM operation can support LVRT capability for Ac module application in distributed generation systems, without any limitation in parameters design and any additional control system.
在电压上升/下降的情况下,并网分布式发电系统必须与电网断开。然而,由于并网光伏系统的数量不断增加,未来的光伏(PV)系统应该变得更加活跃,并支持低压穿越(LVRT)能力。本文的目的是展示边界导通模式下反激逆变器在不使用任何辅助控制系统和参数设计限制的情况下支持LVRT能力的新优势。给出了反激逆变器在电网电压增减条件下的具体运行情况。最后,给出了电网故障情况下基于反激逆变器的仿真结果。结果表明,该反激逆变器在BCM工况下可支持LVRT功能,在分布式发电系统中应用于交流模块,不受参数设计和附加控制系统的限制。
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引用次数: 6
Optimizing microgrid using demand response and electric vehicles connection to microgrid 利用需求响应和电动汽车接入微电网优化微电网
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308873
Sahand Liasi, S. Bathaee
The classical modus operandi of electric energy systems try to keep demand and supply balanced at all times, but this cause high generation prices at peak hours and needs huge power capacity to comply peak demand, while in other hours this capacity remains useless. To avoid these issues, many researchers focus on peak shaving and demand response activities to improve system efficiency and reliability. In this paper, a game theory based method has been developed and simulated to show proficiency of managing ventilation system and simultaneously connecting electric vehicles to microgrid (V2G) to provide various demand response services and peak shaving with focus on optimizing generation cost and emission together.
传统的电力系统运作方式试图在任何时候保持供需平衡,但这会导致高峰时段的高电价,并且需要巨大的电力容量来满足高峰需求,而在其他时段,这些容量仍然是无用的。为了避免这些问题,许多研究人员关注于调峰和需求响应活动,以提高系统的效率和可靠性。本文提出了一种基于博弈论的方法,并对其进行了仿真,以显示在管理通风系统的同时,电动汽车接入微电网(V2G),提供各种需求响应服务和调峰,同时关注发电成本和排放的优化。
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引用次数: 15
A comparison of centralized and decentralized energy-management models of multi-microgrid systems 多微网系统集中式和分散式能源管理模式的比较
Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/SGC.2017.8308837
Farshad Khavari, A. Badri, Ali Zangeneh, M. Shafiekhani
Various models are proposed to manage multi-microgrid energy systems. Centralized and decentralized are two basic models, to this end. This paper compares these two energy-management models of multi-microgrid systems for day-ahead scheduling. This comparison is done for the time of calculation, the benefit of microgrids and the state of the Distributed Energy Resources(DER) in microgrids when happen predetermined islanding mode. Simulation and unit commitment is coded and solved by mixed integer programming (MIP) solver CPLEX in GAMS.
提出了多种模型来管理多微网能源系统。为此,中心化和去中心化是两种基本模式。本文比较了这两种多微网系统日前调度的能量管理模型。对计算时间、微电网效益以及微电网在发生预定孤岛模式时的分布式能源状态进行了比较。采用GAMS中的混合整数规划(MIP)求解器CPLEX对仿真和单元承诺进行编码和求解。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
2017 Smart Grid Conference (SGC)
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