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2016 11th International Conference on Reliability, Maintainability and Safety (ICRMS)最新文献

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Monte Carlo simulation of dendrite growth due to contaminant deposition on a printed circuit board 印制板上污染物沉积引起的枝晶生长的蒙特卡罗模拟
Z. Ren, C. Teng, Yonghong Li, Yun Fu, Yun Wang, W. Ouyang
The reliability of electronic devices depends not only on the quality of components but also on the environmental condition, such as the humidity and the density of contaminants. For example, electrostatically enhanced dust deposition typically produces a dendritic deposit which induces a short circuit in adjacent conductors. In order to investigate contaminant deposition mechanisms on a printed circuit board (PCB), a Monte Carlo simulation is developed in the present paper to discover the dendrite growth features of contaminants under different conditions. It is found that, under the simulation parameters, the contaminant particles will diffuse, gather and grow up to form a dendrite configuration after they are deposited on the solid surface. The size of the dendrite increases as the number of contaminant particles increases. Finally, the dendrite connects the two conductors on both sides and this is why the dendrite induces a short circuit. These findings could shed light on the understanding of the dendrite growth mechanisms on printed circuit boards. It is helpful to design proper protection methods in order to reduce the malfunction of the devices as much as possible.
电子设备的可靠性不仅取决于元件的质量,还取决于环境条件,如湿度和污染物的密度。例如,静电增强的粉尘沉积通常会产生树枝状沉积,从而在邻近导体中引起短路。为了研究污染物在印刷电路板(PCB)上的沉积机理,本文采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法来研究污染物在不同条件下的枝晶生长特征。研究发现,在模拟参数下,污染物颗粒沉积在固体表面后,会扩散、聚集、长大,形成枝晶结构。随着污染物颗粒数量的增加,枝晶的尺寸也随之增大。最后,树突连接两边的两个导体,这就是树突引起短路的原因。这些发现有助于理解印刷电路板上枝晶的生长机制。设计合理的保护措施,尽可能地减少设备的故障。
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引用次数: 0
Online estimation of state-of-health for lithium ion batteries based on charge curves 基于充电曲线的锂离子电池健康状态在线估计
N. Yang, Jing Feng, Quan Sun, Tianyu Liu, Dao Zhong
Usable capacity refers to the maximum capacity in theory that a fully charged battery can release, and is often used as an indicator in state of health (SOH) estimation for lithium ion batteries. The traditional method for measuring usable capacity is mainly based on voltage data in the discharge process with a constant current. However, the discharge current of a lithium ion battery in operation always fluctuates due to load changes, which makes the traditional method difficult for realizing online capacity measurement. To overcome the above problems, a novel approach is proposed in this paper to estimate the usable capacity and SOH of lithium ion batteries based on the charge curve. The time intervals between two voltages and currents during charging are used as the health factors to predict the usable capacity, which is then used to perform the SOH estimation. Experiments are implemented based on data provided by the NASA Ames Prognostics Center of Excellence. Results confirm that the proposed method performs well in online estimation of SOH.
可用容量是指电池充满电后理论上能释放的最大容量,常被用作锂离子电池健康状态(SOH)估计的指标。传统的可用容量测量方法主要是基于恒流放电过程中的电压数据。然而,锂离子电池在运行过程中,由于负载的变化,其放电电流会出现波动,这使得传统的方法难以实现在线容量测量。为了克服上述问题,本文提出了一种基于充电曲线估算锂离子电池可用容量和SOH的新方法。在充电过程中,两个电压和电流之间的时间间隔作为健康因子来预测可用容量,然后使用该健康因子进行SOH估计。实验是根据NASA艾姆斯卓越预测中心提供的数据实施的。结果表明,该方法能较好地在线估计SOH。
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引用次数: 11
Fault diagnosis for railway track circuit based on wavelet packet power spectrum and ELM 基于小波包功率谱和ELM的轨道电路故障诊断
Zicheng Wang, Jin Guo, Yadong Zhang, Rong Luo
For enhancing the troubleshooting efficiency of a track circuit, a fault diagnosis method for the track circuit is proposed in this paper. First, a locomotive signal induced voltage model is established based on the transmission-line theory. Then, cases of the induced voltage envelope signals, when the track circuits are in the normal and fault conditions, respectively, are simulated. Next, a three-layer wavelet packet is adopted to decompose the induced voltage envelope signals and power spectrum analysis for the detail signal is realized. 16 time-domain indices of the β power spectrum including the standard deviation, variance, kurtosis value, and the variable coefficient are used as the failure features. Then, the information fusion of the time domain features is implemented using the principal component analysis (PCA) technology. Finally, the fusion features are input to an extreme learning machine (ELM) model to identify the failures. Case analyses show that the fault diagnosis method proposed in this paper can obtain a high accuracy and provide a scientific basis for the on-site maintenance of the track circuit.
为了提高轨道电路的故障诊断效率,本文提出了一种轨道电路故障诊断方法。首先,基于输电在线理论建立了机车信号感应电压模型。然后,分别模拟了轨道电路在正常和故障状态下的感应电压包络信号情况。其次,采用三层小波包对感应电压包络信号进行分解,并对细节信号进行功率谱分析。采用β功率谱的标准差、方差、峰度值、变系数等16个时域指标作为失效特征。然后,利用主成分分析(PCA)技术实现时域特征的信息融合;最后,将融合特征输入到极限学习机(ELM)模型中进行故障识别。实例分析表明,本文提出的故障诊断方法能够获得较高的诊断精度,为轨道电路的现场维修提供了科学依据。
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引用次数: 1
Reliability and performance modeling for mission-oriented k-out-of-n system under common cause failures 共因故障下面向任务的k-out- n系统的可靠性和性能建模
Xiujie Zhao, M. Xie, Qiang Feng
This paper proposes a reliability and performance analysis and modeling methodology for mission-oriented k-out-of-n systems. The system is assumed to suffer both independent internal failures and external common cause shocks, of which arrivals are both modeled by Poisson processes. Periodic missions are assigned to the system due to a fixed schedule. A performance measure is introduced based on the mission workload and number of components working in the system. By modeling the failure modes on such systems with a Markov chain model, the defined reliability and performance is given in analytical forms. In a following numerical example, we illustrate the reliability and performance for such systems by the proposed approach.
本文提出了面向任务的k-out- n系统的可靠性和性能分析与建模方法。系统假定遭受独立的内部故障和外部共因冲击,其中到达都由泊松过程建模。周期性任务是指系统有固定的时间安排而分配给系统的任务。介绍了一种基于任务工作量和系统中工作部件数量的性能度量方法。通过用马尔可夫链模型对系统的失效模式进行建模,给出了系统的可靠度和性能定义。在下面的数值例子中,我们用所提出的方法说明了这种系统的可靠性和性能。
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引用次数: 1
Step-stress accelerated degradation modeling based on nonlinear Wiener process 基于非线性Wiener过程的阶跃应力加速退化模型
Lin Deng, Zegui Huang, Zhongyi Cai, Yunxiang Chen
Aiming at nonlinear degradation data in step-stress accelerated degradation test (SSADT), the reliability assessment method is put forward based on Wiener process. the process and degradation data model of SSADT is analyzed. The time scale model is used to convert nonlinear data into linear data. Draft coefficient of Wiener process is regarded as a random variable. Reliability model for nonlinear degradation data is built in consideration of individual variation. The two-step maximum likelihood estimation method (TSMLE) is used to derive the unknown parameters. An example is analyzed to show that presented model is correct.
针对阶跃应力加速退化试验(SSADT)中的非线性退化数据,提出了基于Wiener过程的可靠性评估方法。分析了SSADT的过程和退化数据模型。采用时间尺度模型将非线性数据转化为线性数据。将维纳过程的牵伸系数作为一个随机变量。建立了考虑个体变异的非线性退化数据的可靠性模型。采用两步极大似然估计法(TSMLE)推导未知参数。算例分析表明该模型是正确的。
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引用次数: 0
Research on fault injection technology for embedded software based on JTAG interface 基于JTAG接口的嵌入式软件故障注入技术研究
Mengmeng Liu, Zhaoyang Zeng, F. Su, Jueping Cai
Fault injection is an effective method for PHM and testability validation. However, with the increasing complexity of structures and functions, and with the promotion of integration levels for airborne prognostics and health management (PHM) and integrated modular avionics (IMA) systems, fault injection is often difficult to use in conventional “plug,” “probe,” or “adaptor plate” methods. Fault injection based on software also presents a bottleneck for engineering applications in terms of controllability and operability. Seeking to solve the problem of applying software fault injection to testability validation, a fault injection technique based on the Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) interface is proposed in this study. The proposed technique is based on the demands of testability validation, takes into account the development trend in avionics of modularization and integration, and adopts aspects of the JTAG boundary-scan technique. Through use of the boundary-scan technique and chip debugging functions, noncontacted hardware fault injection can be realized. Accurate and controllable fault injection of embedded chip pins/functions can then be achieved that satisfies the requirements of fault simulation and injection effect/time. The problems of fault injection implementations for equipment-oriented IMA architecture can thus be overcome, and a new direction for implementing testability validation of airborne PHM and integrated avionics equipment, thereby effectively promoting and ensuring the achievement of testability indices and PHM functions.
故障注入是一种有效的PHM和可测试性验证方法。然而,随着结构和功能的日益复杂,以及机载预测和健康管理(PHM)和集成模块化航空电子设备(IMA)系统集成水平的提高,故障注入通常难以在传统的“插头”、“探头”或“适配器板”方法中使用。基于软件的故障注入在可控性和可操作性方面也成为工程应用的瓶颈。针对软件故障注入应用于可测试性验证的问题,提出了一种基于JTAG (Joint Test Action Group)接口的故障注入技术。该技术从可测试性验证的需求出发,考虑到航空电子技术模块化和集成化的发展趋势,采用了JTAG边界扫描技术的一些方面。利用边界扫描技术和芯片调试功能,可以实现非接触式硬件故障注入。从而实现嵌入式芯片引脚/功能的精确可控故障注入,满足故障仿真和注入效果/时间的要求。从而克服面向设备的IMA体系结构的故障注入实现问题,为机载PHM和集成航电设备的可测试性验证实现提供了新的方向,从而有效地促进和保证了可测试性指标和PHM功能的实现。
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引用次数: 6
High availability verification framework for OpenStack based on fault injection 基于故障注入的OpenStack高可用性验证框架
Qingfeng Du, J. Qiu, Kanglin Yin, Huan Li, Kun Shi, Yue Tian, Tiandi Xie
The phenomenon of high availability (HA) is of vital importance in cloud architecture. This paper proposes an HA verification framework, called HAVerifier, for OpenStack, a popular open source cloud platform. Fault injection technology has been adopted to verify the system's reliability by determining its health status after injecting faults. The framework proposed in this paper verifies the availability of services by injecting faults into the different components of OpenStack. Service indicators (for example, downtime) are monitored after the faults are injected. The collected metrics are compared with the provided service level agreement to verify whether the platform's availability meets the requirements. The fault injection steps can be implemented dynamically using the proposed framework, and the faults injected into the platform can be restored without manual intervention. Finally, a prototype for this framework is implemented to prove its applicability to verifying the HA of the OpenStack platform.
高可用性(HA)现象在云架构中是至关重要的。本文针对OpenStack这个流行的开源云平台,提出了一个名为HAVerifier的HA验证框架。采用故障注入技术,通过注入故障后确定系统的健康状态来验证系统的可靠性。本文提出的框架通过在OpenStack的不同组件中注入故障来验证服务的可用性。注入故障后,监控业务指标(如停机时间)。将收集到的指标与提供的服务水平协议进行比较,以验证平台的可用性是否满足需求。该框架可以动态实现故障注入步骤,并且可以在不需要人工干预的情况下恢复注入平台的故障。最后,实现了该框架的原型,验证了该框架在OpenStack平台HA验证中的适用性。
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引用次数: 6
Challenges and opportunities of complex equipment operational reliability technology in industrial big data age 工业大数据时代复杂设备运行可靠性技术的挑战与机遇
Hongbo Ma, Xianguang Kong, Yiping Zhong, Changqi Yang, Zhongquan Li, Yang Fu
Large and complex equipment reliability evaluation is extremely dependent on equipment reliability experiment data, maintenance records, and failure data. With the informationalization and intellectualization of equipment (such as CNC machine tools, shield machines, and weaponry), large amounts of data (big data) will be produced during the equipment's operation. Abundant data provide a strong support for equipment operational reliability analysis in the industrial big data age, but also pose a huge challenge for reliability analysis. This paper first explores the opportunities provided by big data to promote the reliability analysis and assessment of complex equipment. Then, we mainly focus on the remaining challenges of equipment operational reliability assessment using the industrial big data method, such as the fact that most of the data reflect an intermediate state (incomplete failure state) of the equipment. We also consider a way to analyze the multiple-states of the equipment operation and correlate the multiple failure modes of the equipment operation using the big data. Moreover, a big data analysis method for calculating the reliability and predicting the residual life of gradual systems is discussed, along with a method for combining the traditional reliability calculation theory with the big data theory. All of these issues provide a significant challenge for the reliability analysis of complex equipment in the big data age.
大型复杂设备的可靠性评估非常依赖于设备可靠性实验数据、维修记录和故障数据。随着设备(如数控机床、盾构机、武器装备)的信息化、智能化,在设备运行过程中会产生大量的数据(大数据)。丰富的数据为工业大数据时代的设备运行可靠性分析提供了有力的支撑,但也对可靠性分析提出了巨大的挑战。本文首先探讨了大数据为推动复杂设备可靠性分析与评估提供的机遇。然后,我们主要关注了利用工业大数据方法进行设备运行可靠性评估的剩余挑战,例如大多数数据反映了设备的中间状态(不完全失效状态)。我们还考虑了一种利用大数据分析设备运行的多状态和关联设备运行的多种故障模式的方法。探讨了渐进式系统可靠性计算和剩余寿命预测的大数据分析方法,以及将传统可靠性计算理论与大数据理论相结合的方法。所有这些问题都为大数据时代复杂设备的可靠性分析提出了重大挑战。
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引用次数: 1
A safety evaluation method for heavy-duty CNC machine tools for the total life cycle based on an entropy weight method 基于熵权法的重型数控机床全生命周期安全评价方法
Guofa Li, Yongchao Huo, Jialong He, Zhaojun Yang, Jian Wang, Guofei Liu
A safety evaluation method based on an entropy weight method is proposed that is aimed at the features of heavy-duty computer numerical control (CNC) machine tools, such as long-life cycle, complex structure, high cost and many hidden safety risks. According to the risk sources of each phase of the total life cycle, the expert-scoring table is formulated and the process of experts' scoring is developed from the perspective of a “man-machine-environment-workpiece” system. Considering the differences in the experts' scoring, an entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of each expert at each phase of the total life cycle. The proposed method is applied to the XKA28 heavy-duty CNC gantry milling machine, and the safety evaluation is implemented. The results indicate that the proposed method is feasible.
针对重型数控机床寿命周期长、结构复杂、成本高、安全隐患多的特点,提出了一种基于熵权法的安全评价方法。根据全生命周期各阶段的风险源,制定了专家打分表,并从“人-机-环境-工件”系统的角度制定了专家打分流程。考虑到专家评分的差异,采用熵权法计算专家在全生命周期各阶段的权重。将该方法应用于XKA28重型数控龙门铣床,并进行了安全性评价。结果表明,该方法是可行的。
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引用次数: 0
Research on fault diagnosis training simulation technology based on MCGS 基于MCGS的故障诊断训练仿真技术研究
Xin Guo, Lizi Chen, N. Zhao
Based on MCGS (Monitor and Control Generated System) software a training diagnosis system for a certain kind of equipment is designed and developed. Through analysis of the structure of the equipment composition and working principles of the process a two-dimensional simulation model is established. The model can achieve simple operation training. Using common equipment for fault modeling, a fault tree model is adopted to realize the phenomenon, the reasons for fault diagnosis, and the screening simulation training process. The study shows that the fault diagnosis system based on MCGS software has a short development cycle, low cost and scalability.
基于MCGS (Monitor and Control Generated System)软件,设计并开发了某型设备培训诊断系统。通过对设备组成结构和工艺过程工作原理的分析,建立了二维仿真模型。该模型可以实现简单的操作训练。利用常用的故障建模设备,采用故障树模型实现故障现象、故障诊断原因、筛选仿真训练过程。研究表明,基于MCGS软件的故障诊断系统具有开发周期短、成本低、可扩展性强的特点。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2016 11th International Conference on Reliability, Maintainability and Safety (ICRMS)
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