Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that has several functions, including stimulating growth and inhibiting cell death. It has the potential to operate as a biomarker for the accurate prediction of disease severity and activity, platelets-rich plasma was used in the treatment of oral lichen planus and can change the salivary IL-6 level. Objectives: To study the clinical outcome of intralesional platelets-rich plasma in patients with oral lichen planus and to measure salivary IL-6 levels before and after the treatment with platelets-rich plasma were the aims of this study. Subjects and Methods: In this clinical trial, for each patient a standardized case sheet was filled including demography, social, medical, and medication history. Before receiving, each patient was examined for phenotype, color, size, and site of oral lichen planus lesions. Patient's salivary samples were taken between 8 and 11 a.m. Three to four milliliters of saliva was obtained from each patient. The ELISA kit for IL-6 using sandwich-ELISA technique, to measure salivary IL-6 before and after PRP injections. Results: Thirteen oral lichen planus patients were took part in this study, six males (46.2%) and seven females (53.8%). The patients were between 32 and 91 years of age, with a mean age of 60.2(±13.9) years. All symptomatic and most of the hyperemic ones showed improvement after PRP injections, while the size of the lesions was resistant to change. Mean salivary IL-6 was 44.27 pg/mL (±43.24) before PRP injections and (69.74±59.86 pg/mL) after PRP injections. No significant difference was found, however IL-6 was higher after PRP injections. In relation to color changes after PRP, there was a significant changes in IL-6 level compared with that before PRP injections. Similarly, a significant relation was found between IL-6 level and signs and symptoms; pain and burning sensation. No association was found in salivary IL-6 level in relation to lesion phenotype, size, and location. Conclusion: All symptomatic OLP lesions that were treated with intralesional PRP responded very well, similarly almost all hyperemic lesions turned into normal mucosal color after completing the course of treatment. The majority of OLP lesions showed an increased salivary IL-6 levels after PRP treatment.
{"title":"Salivary Interleukin-6 Level in Iraqi Patients with Oral Lichen Planus receiving Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections","authors":"Haider A. Asal, A. Diajil, F. Al-Asady","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.934","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that has several functions, including stimulating growth and inhibiting cell death. It has the potential to operate as a biomarker for the accurate prediction of disease severity and activity, platelets-rich plasma was used in the treatment of oral lichen planus and can change the salivary IL-6 level.\u0000Objectives: To study the clinical outcome of intralesional platelets-rich plasma in patients with oral lichen planus and to measure salivary IL-6 levels before and after the treatment with platelets-rich plasma were the aims of this study.\u0000Subjects and Methods: In this clinical trial, for each patient a standardized case sheet was filled including demography, social, medical, and medication history. Before receiving, each patient was examined for phenotype, color, size, and site of oral lichen planus lesions. Patient's salivary samples were taken between 8 and 11 a.m. Three to four milliliters of saliva was obtained from each patient. The ELISA kit for IL-6 using sandwich-ELISA technique, to measure salivary IL-6 before and after PRP injections.\u0000Results: Thirteen oral lichen planus patients were took part in this study, six males (46.2%) and seven females (53.8%). The patients were between 32 and 91 years of age, with a mean age of 60.2(±13.9) years. All symptomatic and most of the hyperemic ones showed improvement after PRP injections, while the size of the lesions was resistant to change. Mean salivary IL-6 was 44.27 pg/mL (±43.24) before PRP injections and (69.74±59.86 pg/mL) after PRP injections. No significant difference was found, however IL-6 was higher after PRP injections. In relation to color changes after PRP, there was a significant changes in IL-6 level compared with that before PRP injections. Similarly, a significant relation was found between IL-6 level and signs and symptoms; pain and burning sensation. No association was found in salivary IL-6 level in relation to lesion phenotype, size, and location.\u0000Conclusion: All symptomatic OLP lesions that were treated with intralesional PRP responded very well, similarly almost all hyperemic lesions turned into normal mucosal color after completing the course of treatment. The majority of OLP lesions showed an increased salivary IL-6 levels after PRP treatment. ","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48767351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Abdalrazak Al Dulaimy, SarmadA. Al-Mashtah, M. Ahmed
Background: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction that results in fluctuating muscle weakness as well as significant fatigue. Disease exacerbation is a critical condition, and the predisposing factors for it need to be identified to improve preventive measures. Objectives: Our study aims to determine the predisposing factors for myasthenia gravis exacerbations in a group of Iraqi patients. Subjects and Methods: A total number of 30 myasthenia gravis patients were admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of their symptoms, determined as the development of functional disability, dysphagia, or respiratory failure within one month prior to admission. Each patient was assessed by history taking, clinical examination, and investigations to determine the possible exacerbating factor. Results: There were (56.7%) of patients with infection. Non-compliance to treatment was found in (26.7%) of patients, and medication induced exacerbation was found in (16.7%) of the patients. Conclusion: Infection is the most common predisposing factor for disease exacerbation and is associated with an unfavorable outcome.
{"title":"Factors associated with Exacerbation of Myasthenia Gravis in a Group of Iraqi Patients","authors":"Ahmed Abdalrazak Al Dulaimy, SarmadA. Al-Mashtah, M. Ahmed","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.988","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction that results in fluctuating muscle weakness as well as significant fatigue. Disease exacerbation is a critical condition, and the predisposing factors for it need to be identified to improve preventive measures.\u0000Objectives: Our study aims to determine the predisposing factors for myasthenia gravis exacerbations in a group of Iraqi patients.\u0000Subjects and Methods: A total number of 30 myasthenia gravis patients were admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of their symptoms, determined as the development of functional disability, dysphagia, or respiratory failure within one month prior to admission. Each patient was assessed by history taking, clinical examination, and investigations to determine the possible exacerbating factor.\u0000Results: There were (56.7%) of patients with infection. Non-compliance to treatment was found in (26.7%) of patients, and medication induced exacerbation was found in (16.7%) of the patients.\u0000Conclusion: Infection is the most common predisposing factor for disease exacerbation and is associated with an unfavorable outcome.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46349713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.1050
A. Al-Imam, Aneta Haligowska, M. Motyka, Marwa Al-Abadi, M. Hameed, Mohaimen Al-Haideri, N. Al-Hemiary
Background: Post-partum depression (PPD) is a form of postnatal depression that affects mothers. Clinical manifestations usually appear within six months after delivery. Risk factors that influence the severity of post-partum depression are not fully known in the Iraqi population.Objectives: We aim to evaluate the risk factors and identify potential predictors that may influence the symptom levels (severity) of post-partum depression among Iraqi women from Baghdad.Subjects and Methods: The current study is cross-sectional, and we used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a cut-off value of 13 to differentiate patients into two those with lower symptom levels (LSL) and higher symptom levels (HSL). We also explored patients' attributes, newborn-related parameters, and socio-demographics.Results: The total sample included almost one hundred patients (n=101), including females with lower symptom levels (EPDS<=13, 48.51%) and others with higher symptom levels (EPDS>13, 51.49%). There were two significant risk factors of PPD, including marital problems (OR=3.60, 95% CI=1.54 to 8.41, p=0.003) and perinatal mood disturbances (OR=3.23, 95% CI=1.40 to 7.46, p=0.005). The former results are congruent with our multivariable ordinal regression, while path analysis and structural modeling conveyed an additional risk factor: the personal history of depression. ROC analysis did not convey any significant difference between the two groups (LSL versus HSL) based on age. However, mothers with HSL were older than the other group (29.19±0.88 versus 27.08±0.79, p=0.099).Conclusion: Post-partum depression with higher symptom levels is frequent among Iraqi mothers. Healthcare institutes should be vigilant concerning the underlying risk factors. Intervention requires integrating the role of social workers to understand the patient's family dynamics.
{"title":"Risk Factors influencing Post-Partum Depression Severity in Iraqi Women","authors":"A. Al-Imam, Aneta Haligowska, M. Motyka, Marwa Al-Abadi, M. Hameed, Mohaimen Al-Haideri, N. Al-Hemiary","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-partum depression (PPD) is a form of postnatal depression that affects mothers. Clinical manifestations usually appear within six months after delivery. Risk factors that influence the severity of post-partum depression are not fully known in the Iraqi population.Objectives: We aim to evaluate the risk factors and identify potential predictors that may influence the symptom levels (severity) of post-partum depression among Iraqi women from Baghdad.Subjects and Methods: The current study is cross-sectional, and we used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a cut-off value of 13 to differentiate patients into two those with lower symptom levels (LSL) and higher symptom levels (HSL). We also explored patients' attributes, newborn-related parameters, and socio-demographics.Results: The total sample included almost one hundred patients (n=101), including females with lower symptom levels (EPDS<=13, 48.51%) and others with higher symptom levels (EPDS>13, 51.49%). There were two significant risk factors of PPD, including marital problems (OR=3.60, 95% CI=1.54 to 8.41, p=0.003) and perinatal mood disturbances (OR=3.23, 95% CI=1.40 to 7.46, p=0.005). The former results are congruent with our multivariable ordinal regression, while path analysis and structural modeling conveyed an additional risk factor: the personal history of depression. ROC analysis did not convey any significant difference between the two groups (LSL versus HSL) based on age. However, mothers with HSL were older than the other group (29.19±0.88 versus 27.08±0.79, p=0.099).Conclusion: Post-partum depression with higher symptom levels is frequent among Iraqi mothers. Healthcare institutes should be vigilant concerning the underlying risk factors. Intervention requires integrating the role of social workers to understand the patient's family dynamics.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47799397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and progressive decline in functional beta (β) cell mass partially due to increased β cell apoptosis rate. Pancreatic stone protein /regenerating protein (PSP/reg) is produced mainly by the pancreas and elevated drastically during pancreatic disorder. Beta cells are experiencing apoptosis that stimulate the expression of PSP/reg gene in surviving neighboring cells, and that PSP/reg protein is subsequently secreted from these cells which could play a role in their regeneration. Objectives: To analyze serum levels of PSP/reg protein in T2DM patients and evaluate its correlation with the microvascular complications of the disease. Subjects and Methods: One hundred fifty participants (64 males, 86 females; aged 40–70 years) include T2DM patients with and without microvascular complications as well as healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Biochemical parameters like random blood glucose (RBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, urea and creatinine (Cr) were measured. Serum values of PSP/reg protein were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Serum levels of PSP/reg protein were found significantly elevated in T2DM patients with microvascular complications compared with those of controls (p<0.001) and T2DM patients without microvascular complications (p< 0.001).PSP/reg protein is correlated with type 2 DM duration (p<0.001), RBG (p<0.001), and HbA1c (p<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for the presence of microvascular complications was 0.973. Conclusion: PSP/reg protein may be used as biochemical marker to predict microvascular complications of T2DM.
{"title":"Pancreatic Stone Protein/ regenerating Protein (PSP/reg) as a Biochemical Marker for prediction of Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Abrar Albadr, N. Haddad","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.966","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and progressive decline in functional beta (β) cell mass partially due to increased β cell apoptosis rate. Pancreatic stone protein /regenerating protein (PSP/reg) is produced mainly by the pancreas and elevated drastically during pancreatic disorder. Beta cells are experiencing apoptosis that stimulate the expression of PSP/reg gene in surviving neighboring cells, and that PSP/reg protein is subsequently secreted from these cells which could play a role in their regeneration.\u0000Objectives: To analyze serum levels of PSP/reg protein in T2DM patients and evaluate its correlation with the microvascular complications of the disease.\u0000Subjects and Methods: One hundred fifty participants (64 males, 86 females; aged 40–70 years) include T2DM patients with and without microvascular complications as well as healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Biochemical parameters like random blood glucose (RBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, urea and creatinine (Cr) were measured. Serum values of PSP/reg protein were measured by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).\u0000Results: Serum levels of PSP/reg protein were found significantly elevated in T2DM patients with microvascular complications compared with those of controls (p<0.001) and T2DM patients without microvascular complications (p< 0.001).PSP/reg protein is correlated with type 2 DM duration (p<0.001), RBG (p<0.001), and HbA1c (p<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for the presence of microvascular complications was 0.973.\u0000Conclusion: PSP/reg protein may be used as biochemical marker to predict microvascular complications of T2DM.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46804426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maha Abdulhussain Shaqi, A. Rijub-Agha, Ragad Jawad Hussain
Background: Worldwide gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer with poor prognosis. In early stages, it is hard to distinguish gastric cancer from benign gastric diseases, resulting in delayed diagnosis. There is a need to develop a biomarker for differentiating between gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases. Serum cholinesterase is synthesized in liver and released into plasma, and it has an important role in oncogenesis. Objectives: To determine the correlation between serum cholinesterase activity and gastric cancer, in comparison to benign gastric diseases. Subjects and Methods: A case control study carried out at Medical City Directorate Gastroenterology, Hepatology Hospital, and at Oncology Teaching Hospital from April 2022 to September 2022. It involved 25 patients with gastric cancer and age matched 25 patients with benign gastric diseases. Serum cholinesterase activity was determined by a colorimetric method.. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean level of serum cholinesterase between gastric cancer group (5339.28 U/L±1816) and benign gastric diseases group (7516.92 U/L±2351) with (P value<0.001). Significant association between low levels of serum cholinesterase and early cancer stages and grades (P value<0.001). Serum cholinesterase showed 60% sensitivity and 80% specificity in differentiating between gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases with optimal cutoff value of 5568UL. Conclusions: Serum cholinesterase can be considered as a potential rapid and non-invasive biomarker for differentiating between gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases.
背景:胃癌是世界范围内第五大预后不良的常见癌症。在早期很难将胃癌与胃部良性疾病区分开来，导致诊断延误。有必要开发一种生物标志物来鉴别胃癌和胃良性疾病。血清胆碱酯酶在肝脏合成并释放到血浆中，在肿瘤发生中起重要作用。目的:探讨血清胆碱酯酶活性与胃癌的相关性，并与胃良性疾病进行比较。研究对象和方法:于2022年4月至2022年9月在Medical City Directorate Gastroenterology医院、肝病医院和肿瘤学教学医院开展病例对照研究。该研究涉及25例胃癌患者，年龄匹配25例良性胃疾病患者。结果:胃癌组(5339.28 U/L±1816)与胃良性疾病组(7516.92 U/L±2351)血清胆碱酯酶平均水平差异有统计学意义(P值<0.001)。血清胆碱酯酶水平低与早期癌症分期和分级有显著相关性(P值<0.001)。血清胆碱酯酶鉴别胃癌与胃良性疾病的敏感性为60%，特异性为80%，最佳临界值为5568UL。结论:血清胆碱酯酶可作为鉴别胃癌与胃良性疾病的一种有潜力的快速、无创生物标志物。
{"title":"Serum Pseudocholinesterase as a Biomarker in the Differentiation between Gastric Cancer and Benign Gastric Diseases","authors":"Maha Abdulhussain Shaqi, A. Rijub-Agha, Ragad Jawad Hussain","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.959","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Worldwide gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer with poor prognosis. In early stages, it is hard to distinguish gastric cancer from benign gastric diseases, resulting in delayed diagnosis. There is a need to develop a biomarker for differentiating between gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases. Serum cholinesterase is synthesized in liver and released into plasma, and it has an important role in oncogenesis.\u0000Objectives: To determine the correlation between serum cholinesterase activity and gastric cancer, in comparison to benign gastric diseases.\u0000Subjects and Methods: A case control study carried out at Medical City Directorate Gastroenterology, Hepatology Hospital, and at Oncology Teaching Hospital from April 2022 to September 2022. It involved 25 patients with gastric cancer and age matched 25 patients with benign gastric diseases. Serum cholinesterase activity was determined by a colorimetric method..\u0000Results: There was a significant difference in the mean level of serum cholinesterase between gastric cancer group (5339.28 U/L±1816) and benign gastric diseases group (7516.92 U/L±2351) with (P value<0.001). Significant association between low levels of serum cholinesterase and early cancer stages and grades (P value<0.001). Serum cholinesterase showed 60% sensitivity and 80% specificity in differentiating between gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases with optimal cutoff value of 5568UL.\u0000Conclusions: Serum cholinesterase can be considered as a potential rapid and non-invasive biomarker for differentiating between gastric cancer and benign gastric diseases.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42085556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Stress urinary incontinence is a frequent urological disease in women; it has a great influence on an individual’s wellbeing and places a significant economic strain on any health service. The placement of urodynamic diagnostic tests in the evaluation route is an important clinical research concern in this field. Objective: to find out whether the duration of stress urinary incontinence is associated with the finding of bladder outlet obstruction in urodynamic study or not. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study. With enrolled female patients had symptomatic Stress urinary incontinence as their primary complain. All the included patients were assessed thoroughly by history taking and physical examination and relevant clinical tests and investigation in addition to urodynamic evaluation consisted of multi-channel urodynamics measuring abdominal, vesical and detrusor pressures simultaneously. Results: 140 females were suffering from stress incontinence. Urodynamic study showed maximum urine flow rate (Q max) mean of (20.45±9.86) ml/second, the maximum post void volume was 500ml with 36.89ml was the mean of post void residual volume, and 90.83cm water was the mean of urethral occlusion pressure. The mean of duration have positive relationship with age category but without statically significant. Ninety-eight patients have Q max flow more than 25ml/sec with mean duration 6.04 without any statically significant (p=0.872). 37 patients were having >0 ml post void volume with mean duration more than other patients that didn’t have post void volume but without statically significant (p=0.257). All patients with urethral pressure less than 120 cm had long duration mean than others but without statically significant (p=0.335). also, no statistical significance association between mean of duration and sphincter pelvic floor electromyogram (EMG). Conclusion: there was no catechistically significant relationship between the urodynamic findings and the duration neither of stress urinary incontinence nor between the urodynamic findings and the age of the patients.
{"title":"The Effect of Duration of Stress Urinary Incontinence on developing Signs of Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Urodynamic Study","authors":"Saif AM. Abdul-Hameed, Salam Madhi Shahid, Ahmed Hameed Lafta Alsaadi, Harth Mohamed Kamber, Qais Abdulazziz Abdulmottaleb, Razzaq Hashim Mohammed, Wael Mohamed Kamber","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.842","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stress urinary incontinence is a frequent urological disease in women; it has a great influence on an individual’s wellbeing and places a significant economic strain on any health service. The placement of urodynamic diagnostic tests in the evaluation route is an important clinical research concern in this field.\u0000Objective: to find out whether the duration of stress urinary incontinence is associated with the finding of bladder outlet obstruction in urodynamic study or not.\u0000Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study. With enrolled female patients had symptomatic Stress urinary incontinence as their primary complain. All the included patients were assessed thoroughly by history taking and physical examination and relevant clinical tests and investigation in addition to urodynamic evaluation consisted of multi-channel urodynamics measuring abdominal, vesical and detrusor pressures simultaneously.\u0000Results: 140 females were suffering from stress incontinence. Urodynamic study showed maximum urine flow rate (Q max) mean of (20.45±9.86) ml/second, the maximum post void volume was 500ml with 36.89ml was the mean of post void residual volume, and 90.83cm water was the mean of urethral occlusion pressure. The mean of duration have positive relationship with age category but without statically significant. Ninety-eight patients have Q max flow more than 25ml/sec with mean duration 6.04 without any statically significant (p=0.872). 37 patients were having >0 ml post void volume with mean duration more than other patients that didn’t have post void volume but without statically significant (p=0.257). All patients with urethral pressure less than 120 cm had long duration mean than others but without statically significant (p=0.335). also, no statistical significance association between mean of duration and sphincter pelvic floor electromyogram (EMG).\u0000Conclusion: there was no catechistically significant relationship between the urodynamic findings and the duration neither of stress urinary incontinence nor between the urodynamic findings and the age of the patients.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44847483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.1037
EIaf Dalas, Mahdi Hamad, M. Taha
Background: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease believed to be the result of autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system, characterised by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal transection, affecting primarily young adults. Disease modifying therapies have become widely used, and the rapid development of these drugs highlighted the need to update our knowledge on their short- and long-term safety profile. Objective: The study aim is to evaluate the impact of disease-modifying treatments on thyroid functions and thyroid autoantibodies with subsequent effects on the outcome of the disease. Materials and Methods: A retro prospective study enrolled 45 patients who were registered and diagnosed in the Multiple Sclerosis Clinic according to the revised McDonald criteria (2017). Blood samples for thyroid functions and thyroid autoantibody tests were taken before, 3 months and after 6 months from the start of disease modifying therapy. The Expanded Disability Status Scale was used to assess the severity of the disease before and after 6 months of receiving treatment. Results: 45 patients with the mean age of 33.3 years, a standard deviation (SD) of ± 9.5 years were enrolled in this study. (64.4%) patients’ age was between 20 - 39 years. The mean free T3 decreased significantly, while the mean anti-TPO and anti-TG increased after three months compared to its baseline level. After six months of treatment, the mean free T4 decreased significantly, while the mean TSH increased compared to its baseline level. There were no statistically significant correlations between the baseline (EDSS) score and after 6 months of therapy. Conclusion Thyroid hormone dysfunction and thyroid autoimmune antibody levels that changed in response to interferon beta therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis may be temporary and not associated with poor outcomes.
{"title":"Assessment of Thyroid Functions in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Disease Modifying Therapies","authors":"EIaf Dalas, Mahdi Hamad, M. Taha","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.1037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.1037","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease believed to be the result of autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system, characterised by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal transection, affecting primarily young adults. Disease modifying therapies have become widely used, and the rapid development of these drugs highlighted the need to update our knowledge on their short- and long-term safety profile. \u0000Objective: \u0000The study aim is to evaluate the impact of disease-modifying treatments on thyroid functions and thyroid autoantibodies with subsequent effects on the outcome of the disease. \u0000Materials and Methods: \u0000A retro prospective study enrolled 45 patients who were registered and diagnosed in the Multiple Sclerosis Clinic according to the revised McDonald criteria (2017). Blood samples for thyroid functions and thyroid autoantibody tests were taken before, 3 months and after 6 months from the start of disease modifying therapy. The Expanded Disability Status Scale was used to assess the severity of the disease before and after 6 months of receiving treatment. \u0000Results: \u000045 patients with the mean age of 33.3 years, a standard deviation (SD) of ± 9.5 years were enrolled in this study. (64.4%) patients’ age was between 20 - 39 years. \u0000The mean free T3 decreased significantly, while the mean anti-TPO and anti-TG increased after three months compared to its baseline level. \u0000After six months of treatment, the mean free T4 decreased significantly, while the mean TSH increased compared to its baseline level. There were no statistically significant correlations between the baseline (EDSS) score and after 6 months of therapy. \u0000Conclusion \u0000Thyroid hormone dysfunction and thyroid autoimmune antibody levels that changed in response to interferon beta therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis may be temporary and not associated with poor outcomes.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48827250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sama Atta Gitti, Rayan Zaidan Khalaf, Abdulhadi Alrubaie
Background: obesity is a major global health problem with more than 200 million obese men and almost 300 million obese women. Melatonin is a well-known molecule for its involvement in circadian rhythm regulation and has multiple pathological actions including control of appetite, sleep wake cycle and metabolic syndrome. Aim: to estimate the effect of melatonin supplements on obese patients on a calorie restricted diet in comparison to patients on lifestyle measures only in the form of weight loss, waist circumference and sleep quality. Subjects and Method: one hundred patients with body mass index > 24 were collected, fifty patients were started on melatonin 5 mg with calorie restricted diet and they were compared to fifty patients who were kept on lifestyle measures. After twelve weeks, patients were re-assessed for weight, waist circumference and sleep duration and quality and the development of any side effects. Data analyzed using paired t test. Results: patients’ group who were treated with melatonin has shown significant reduction in body weight (91.58. Vs 92.88, p value <0.0004) and waist circumference (99.36 +- 10.73 vs 101 +-10.51, p value< 0.0064). Patients treated with melatonin show improved insomnia severity index (5.47+-0.8 vs 9.08 +-3.58, p value <0.0001). 60% of patients noticed decreased appetite,35% reported daytime sleepiness and fatigue, 25% had dizziness and 20% had mild nausea. Conclusion: Melatonin significantly reduces the body weight, waist circumference and appetite more than placebo, it has been shown to be safe supplement and helpful in patients with sleep disturbance and obesity.
背景：肥胖是一个主要的全球健康问题，有2亿多男性肥胖，近3亿女性肥胖。褪黑素是一种众所周知的参与昼夜节律调节的分子，具有多种病理作用，包括控制食欲、睡眠-觉醒周期和代谢综合征。目的：与仅以减肥、腰围和睡眠质量为形式的生活方式测量的患者相比，评估褪黑素补充剂对热量限制饮食的肥胖患者的影响。受试者和方法：收集100名体重指数>24的患者，50名患者开始服用褪黑激素5mg的热量限制饮食，并与50名保持生活方式的患者进行比较。12周后，对患者的体重、腰围、睡眠时间和质量以及任何副作用的发展进行重新评估。使用配对t检验分析数据。结果：接受褪黑激素治疗的患者组体重显著减轻（91.58。Vs 92.88，p值<0.0004）和腰围（99.36+-10.73 Vs 101+10.51，p值<0.0064）。接受褪黑素治疗的患者失眠严重程度指数有所改善（5.47+-0.8 Vs 9.08+-3.58，p值<0.0001）。60%的患者食欲下降，35%的患者白天嗜睡和疲劳，25%的患者头晕，20%的患者轻度恶心。结论：褪黑素比安慰剂更能显著降低体重、腰围和食欲，是一种安全的补充剂，对睡眠障碍和肥胖患者有帮助。
{"title":"The Effect of Melatonin on Body Weight and the Potential use of Melatonin as an Anti-Obesity Agent","authors":"Sama Atta Gitti, Rayan Zaidan Khalaf, Abdulhadi Alrubaie","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.925","url":null,"abstract":"Background: obesity is a major global health problem with more than 200 million obese men and almost 300 million obese women. Melatonin is a well-known molecule for its involvement in circadian rhythm regulation and has multiple pathological actions including control of appetite, sleep wake cycle and metabolic syndrome.\u0000Aim: to estimate the effect of melatonin supplements on obese patients on a calorie restricted diet in comparison to patients on lifestyle measures only in the form of weight loss, waist circumference and sleep quality.\u0000Subjects and Method: one hundred patients with body mass index > 24 were collected, fifty patients were started on melatonin 5 mg with calorie restricted diet and they were compared to fifty patients who were kept on lifestyle measures. After twelve weeks, patients were re-assessed for weight, waist circumference and sleep duration and quality and the development of any side effects. Data analyzed using paired t test.\u0000Results: patients’ group who were treated with melatonin has shown significant reduction in body weight (91.58. Vs 92.88, p value <0.0004) and waist circumference (99.36 +- 10.73 vs 101 +-10.51, p value< 0.0064). Patients treated with melatonin show improved insomnia severity index (5.47+-0.8 vs 9.08 +-3.58, p value <0.0001). 60% of patients noticed decreased appetite,35% reported daytime sleepiness and fatigue, 25% had dizziness and 20% had mild nausea.\u0000Conclusion: Melatonin significantly reduces the body weight, waist circumference and appetite more than placebo, it has been shown to be safe supplement and helpful in patients with sleep disturbance and obesity.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46542685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Insufficient sleep due to excessive media use is linked to decrease physical activity, poor nutrition, obesity, and decreased overall health-related quality of life. Objectives: To assess the effect of using the internet and social media on the sleep of 4th-stage secondary school students. Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional study with the analytic element; for 500 secondary school students, obtained by choosing two schools randomly from each of the six educational directorates, by using a structured questionnaire. Result: Secondary school students are involved in this study (n = 500). The study reveals that the majority of students 350 (69.7 %) were aged group (16) years old, Regarding the internet, used by the majority of the 454(90.4%), and 419 (83.5%) students had a mobile phone, 206(41.1%) of them using the internet more than 150 hours per month and concerning the students sleep; Unexplained tiredness in the morning 182(36.3%) was sometimes complained from it, about Nightmares, 187(37.3%) of students sometimes having it, 276(55%) of them wake up during sleep. Conclusion: students are using the internet more than one-fifth of their time per month, there is an association between the use of social media and short sleep duration among secondary school students that increases daytime sleepiness, unexplained tiredness in the morning, and nightmares.
{"title":"The Impact of using the Internet and Social Media on Sleep in a group of Secondary School Students from Baghdad","authors":"Rawaa Hussain Ali, Sahar Essa Al Shatari","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.954","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Insufficient sleep due to excessive media use is linked to decrease physical activity, poor nutrition, obesity, and decreased overall health-related quality of life.\u0000Objectives: To assess the effect of using the internet and social media on the sleep of 4th-stage secondary school students.\u0000Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional study with the analytic element; for 500 secondary school students, obtained by choosing two schools randomly from each of the six educational directorates, by using a structured questionnaire.\u0000Result: Secondary school students are involved in this study (n = 500). The study reveals that the majority of students 350 (69.7 %) were aged group (16) years old, Regarding the internet, used by the majority of the 454(90.4%), and 419 (83.5%) students had a mobile phone, 206(41.1%) of them using the internet more than 150 hours per month and concerning the students sleep; Unexplained tiredness in the morning 182(36.3%) was sometimes complained from it, about Nightmares, 187(37.3%) of students sometimes having it, 276(55%) of them wake up during sleep.\u0000 Conclusion: students are using the internet more than one-fifth of their time per month, there is an association between the use of social media and short sleep duration among secondary school students that increases daytime sleepiness, unexplained tiredness in the morning, and nightmares.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43227507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Muter, Mohammed Khalid Khudhair, Kanaan Mahdi Abbas, Noorulhuda Al-Ani
Background: despite the rise in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma attributed to availability of medical imaging, a considerable decline in mortality is an association. Morbidity-wise, the shift from radical nephrectomy to partial nephrectomy is the trend for now. Multiple scoring systems have been introduced over the past decades to help surgeons choose between radical and partial nephrectomy. One commonly used system is the RENAL nephrometry score that was first introduced by Kutikov and Uzzo in 2009. Objective: to evaluate the role of RENAL nephrometry scoring system in predicting the surgical technique to use to resect renal masses and associated perioperative outcomes. Subjects and methods: between December 2018 and December 2020, we prospectively recruited 88 patients with renal masses. Nephrometry scores of all patients were calculated by an experienced radiologist and a decision then was made by blinded treating surgeons to proceed to radical or partial nephrectomy. Patients then sub-grouped into low, moderate, and high nephrometry scores, and into radical and partial nephrectomy. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative data were collected and analyzed. Results: Eighty-three patients completed the study. Thirty-three had undergone radical nephrectomy and 50 had partial nephrectomy. Total nephrometry score differed significantly between the two groups. Mass radius and nearness to the renal hilum were the only influential components. The only complication that differed significantly among the three nephrometry groups was the estimated blood loss, being highest in the low complexity group. No significant difference was found in the total operation time, ischemia time, renal function and hospital stay. Major complications were seen only in the high complexity group. Conclusion: Total nephrometry score, mass radius and nearness to renal hilum can be regarded as good and reproducible predictors of type of surgery required to treat renal masses. They also can predict the perioperative complication to a good extent.
{"title":"Utilizing the R.E.N.A.L Nephrometry Score to predict the Surgical Technique and Peri-operative Outcomes of Renal Masses","authors":"S. Muter, Mohammed Khalid Khudhair, Kanaan Mahdi Abbas, Noorulhuda Al-Ani","doi":"10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v19i2.967","url":null,"abstract":"Background: despite the rise in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma attributed to availability of medical imaging, a considerable decline in mortality is an association. Morbidity-wise, the shift from radical nephrectomy to partial nephrectomy is the trend for now. Multiple scoring systems have been introduced over the past decades to help surgeons choose between radical and partial nephrectomy. One commonly used system is the RENAL nephrometry score that was first introduced by Kutikov and Uzzo in 2009.\u0000Objective: to evaluate the role of RENAL nephrometry scoring system in predicting the surgical technique to use to resect renal masses and associated perioperative outcomes.\u0000Subjects and methods: between December 2018 and December 2020, we prospectively recruited 88 patients with renal masses. Nephrometry scores of all patients were calculated by an experienced radiologist and a decision then was made by blinded treating surgeons to proceed to radical or partial nephrectomy. Patients then sub-grouped into low, moderate, and high nephrometry scores, and into radical and partial nephrectomy. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative data were collected and analyzed.\u0000Results: Eighty-three patients completed the study. Thirty-three had undergone radical nephrectomy and 50 had partial nephrectomy. Total nephrometry score differed significantly between the two groups. Mass radius and nearness to the renal hilum were the only influential components. The only complication that differed significantly among the three nephrometry groups was the estimated blood loss, being highest in the low complexity group. No significant difference was found in the total operation time, ischemia time, renal function and hospital stay. Major complications were seen only in the high complexity group.\u0000Conclusion: Total nephrometry score, mass radius and nearness to renal hilum can be regarded as good and reproducible predictors of type of surgery required to treat renal masses. They also can predict the perioperative complication to a good extent.","PeriodicalId":34748,"journal":{"name":"mjlh klyh Tb lkndy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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