Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.14232/ABS.2018.1.45-52
M. Keshavarzi, F. Ebrahimi, S. Mosaferi
Rumex (Polygonaceae) is a large genus of annual, biennial and perennial species in temperate regions of the world. In Iran it is represented by 23 species and some hybrids classified in three subgenera. The species identification is difficult due to the importance of fruit features in species separation despite the fact, that plants lose their flower and some other features while bearing fruits. Providing the individuals with the proper set of diagnostic features is very difficult. There are inadequate anatomical studies of Rumex. The present study reports the first detailed stem anatomy and epidermis micromorphology of 6 species of Rumex in Iran. Main aims of this study were to find the diagnostic value of the adopted features. Cross sections were made by hand and double colored. Dorsal and ventral leaf epidermises were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results of stem anatomical study showed that collateral vascular bundle is only present in R. chalepensis and oxalate calcium druse crystals were only absent in R. elbrusensis. The micro-morphological study of epidermis showed that all species studied had anisocytic stomata type, but there were differences in the epidermis and stomata cell size. Species relationships based on the results have been discussed.
{"title":"Comparative anatomical and micromorphological study of some Rumex species (Polygonaceae)","authors":"M. Keshavarzi, F. Ebrahimi, S. Mosaferi","doi":"10.14232/ABS.2018.1.45-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/ABS.2018.1.45-52","url":null,"abstract":"Rumex (Polygonaceae) is a large genus of annual, biennial and perennial species in temperate regions of the world. In Iran it is represented by 23 species and some hybrids classified in three subgenera. The species identification is difficult due to the importance of fruit features in species separation despite the fact, that plants lose their flower and some other features while bearing fruits. Providing the individuals with the proper set of diagnostic features is very difficult. There are inadequate anatomical studies of Rumex. The present study reports the first detailed stem anatomy and epidermis micromorphology of 6 species of Rumex in Iran. Main aims of this study were to find the diagnostic value of the adopted features. Cross sections were made by hand and double colored. Dorsal and ventral leaf epidermises were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results of stem anatomical study showed that collateral vascular bundle is only present in R. chalepensis and oxalate calcium druse crystals were only absent in R. elbrusensis. The micro-morphological study of epidermis showed that all species studied had anisocytic stomata type, but there were differences in the epidermis and stomata cell size. Species relationships based on the results have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47664494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.14232/ABS.2018.1.61-66
K. Selvam, G. Nambirajan, B. Annamalai, Mohammed A Alaidarous, B. Alshehri, A. B. Dukhyil, C. Shobana, P. Manikandan
The cytoplasmic granules of bovine neutrophils naturally possess indolicidin - a promising cationic antimicrobial peptide as it displays inherent inhibitory activities against a broad type of microbial pathogens. In this study, a shake flask level production and expression optimizations of the indolicidin by the recombinant Escherichia coli C41 (DE3) clones (transformed with pET21a(+) plasmid carrying indolicidin gene) were carried out under standard conditions, as to determine the conditions required for maximal production. It was determined that a concentration of 1 mM of IPTG was effective, the 2×YT with salts and LB media at pH 7.5 with 3-6 h of incubation were required for maximal indolicidin expression.
{"title":"Expression and production optimization of the cationic antimicrobial peptide - indolicidin by the recombinant E. coli C41 (DE3) clones","authors":"K. Selvam, G. Nambirajan, B. Annamalai, Mohammed A Alaidarous, B. Alshehri, A. B. Dukhyil, C. Shobana, P. Manikandan","doi":"10.14232/ABS.2018.1.61-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/ABS.2018.1.61-66","url":null,"abstract":"The cytoplasmic granules of bovine neutrophils naturally possess indolicidin - a promising cationic antimicrobial peptide as it displays inherent inhibitory activities against a broad type of microbial pathogens. In this study, a shake flask level production and expression optimizations of the indolicidin by the recombinant Escherichia coli C41 (DE3) clones (transformed with pET21a(+) plasmid carrying indolicidin gene) were carried out under standard conditions, as to determine the conditions required for maximal production. It was determined that a concentration of 1 mM of IPTG was effective, the 2×YT with salts and LB media at pH 7.5 with 3-6 h of incubation were required for maximal indolicidin expression.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47910549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.14232/ABS.2018.1.67-74
A. Sarkar, U. Ghosh
The seeds of Tamarindus indica are known to possess a wide range of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity as measured by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). In the present study, the optimum conditions for the extraction of crude phenolic antioxidants from Tamarind seed were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate the effects of four independent variables, namely concentration of extractable solids in solvent (g/ml; X1), extraction time (h; X2), extraction temperature (°C; X3) and solvent concentration (%, v/v; X4) on the responses of total polyphenol content (TPC) and FRAP. The CCD consisted of 30 experimental runs. A second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the responses. Canonical analysis of the surface responses revealed that the predicted optimal conditions for the maximal yield of TPC and FRAP were concentration of extractable solids in solvent of 0.049 g/ml, extraction time of 3.24 h, extraction temperature of 45 °C and a solvent concentration of 50%. The experimental values in the optimised condition coincided with the predicted ones within a 95% confidence interval, hence indicating the suitability of the model and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction parameters.
{"title":"Optimization of the extraction of natural phenolic antioxidants from the seeds of Tamarindus indica L. - an undervalued by product of food processing - using response surface methodology","authors":"A. Sarkar, U. Ghosh","doi":"10.14232/ABS.2018.1.67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/ABS.2018.1.67-74","url":null,"abstract":"The seeds of Tamarindus indica are known to possess a wide range of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity as measured by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). In the present study, the optimum conditions for the extraction of crude phenolic antioxidants from Tamarind seed were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate the effects of four independent variables, namely concentration of extractable solids in solvent (g/ml; X1), extraction time (h; X2), extraction temperature (°C; X3) and solvent concentration (%, v/v; X4) on the responses of total polyphenol content (TPC) and FRAP. The CCD consisted of 30 experimental runs. A second-order polynomial model was used for predicting the responses. Canonical analysis of the surface responses revealed that the predicted optimal conditions for the maximal yield of TPC and FRAP were concentration of extractable solids in solvent of 0.049 g/ml, extraction time of 3.24 h, extraction temperature of 45 °C and a solvent concentration of 50%. The experimental values in the optimised condition coincided with the predicted ones within a 95% confidence interval, hence indicating the suitability of the model and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction parameters.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43415995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.14232/ABS.2018.1.7-15
Arindam Dey, S. Chattopadhyay, S. Jana, Mukul Kumar Giri, Shamima Khatun, Moumita Dash, Hasina Perveen, Moulima Maity
Arsenic, an environmental and industrial pollutant causes female reproductive disturbances and female infertility. Several researchers found that the use of Camellia sinensis (CS) (green tea) is effective as an alternative therapeutic strategy in the management of several health ailments. This study explores the role of CS extract against arsenic-induced rat uterine tissue damage. Methanolic extract of CS (10 mg/kg BW) was tested concomitantly in arsenic-treated (10 mg/kg BW) rats for a duration of two-oestrous cycle length (8 days). CS effectively attenuated arsenic-induced antioxidantdepletion and necrosis in uterine tissue. Rats treated with sodium arsenite showed significantlyreduced activities of enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in uterine tissue as evidenced by the results of spectrophotometric and electrozymographic analysis. Co-administration of CS significantly reversed the above oxidative stress markers in uterine tissue along with the histopathological changes in ovarian and uterine tissue. Moreover, an increase in the level of transcription factor NF-κB in the uterine tissue in association with reduced serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid were mitigated in arsenic fed rats following CS co-administration.
{"title":"Restoration of uterine redox-balance by methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis in arsenicated rats","authors":"Arindam Dey, S. Chattopadhyay, S. Jana, Mukul Kumar Giri, Shamima Khatun, Moumita Dash, Hasina Perveen, Moulima Maity","doi":"10.14232/ABS.2018.1.7-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/ABS.2018.1.7-15","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic, an environmental and industrial pollutant causes female reproductive disturbances and female infertility. Several researchers found that the use of Camellia sinensis (CS) (green tea) is effective as an alternative therapeutic strategy in the management of several health ailments. This study explores the role of CS extract against arsenic-induced rat uterine tissue damage. Methanolic extract of CS (10 mg/kg BW) was tested concomitantly in arsenic-treated (10 mg/kg BW) rats for a duration of two-oestrous cycle length (8 days). CS effectively attenuated arsenic-induced antioxidantdepletion and necrosis in uterine tissue. Rats treated with sodium arsenite showed significantlyreduced activities of enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in uterine tissue as evidenced by the results of spectrophotometric and electrozymographic analysis. Co-administration of CS significantly reversed the above oxidative stress markers in uterine tissue along with the histopathological changes in ovarian and uterine tissue. Moreover, an increase in the level of transcription factor NF-κB in the uterine tissue in association with reduced serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid were mitigated in arsenic fed rats following CS co-administration.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46258100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.14232/ABS.2018.1.53-59
S. Boiko
Pool of intracellular endoglucanases of the fungus Schizophyllum commune on the territory of Ukraine was studied. Two loci of endoglucanase (Eg1, Eg2) were found. The polymorphic locus Eg2 controls the expression of four alleles. Alleles Eg293, Eg296 and Eg2102 are rare and peculiar to certain populations. Amino acid sequence of the locus Eg2 in databases of NCBI (XP_003031634.1) and UniProt (D8Q439) was probably identified. It is classified among the family 5 (GH5) and consists of 333 amino acid residues.
{"title":"Pool of endoglucanase genes in Schizophyllum commune Fr.:Fr. (Basidiomycetes) on the territory of Ukraine","authors":"S. Boiko","doi":"10.14232/ABS.2018.1.53-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/ABS.2018.1.53-59","url":null,"abstract":"Pool of intracellular endoglucanases of the fungus Schizophyllum commune on the territory of Ukraine was studied. Two loci of endoglucanase (Eg1, Eg2) were found. The polymorphic locus Eg2 controls the expression of four alleles. Alleles Eg293, Eg296 and Eg2102 are rare and peculiar to certain populations. Amino acid sequence of the locus Eg2 in databases of NCBI (XP_003031634.1) and UniProt (D8Q439) was probably identified. It is classified among the family 5 (GH5) and consists of 333 amino acid residues.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41408369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2018.1.17-23
Suchismita Roy, Shrabani Pradhan, S. Mandal, Koushika Das, D. Nandi
Acetaminophen-induced renal necrosis and insufficiency occurs in patients with acetaminophen overdose. Renal failure is rapidly assuming epidemic proportions globally. In absence of reliable and effective nephroprotective drugs, strategies towards exploring alternative therapies for treatment of kidney diseases are essential. Asparagus racemosus is a medicinal plant used for treatment of various ailments. This research was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of ethanol fraction of A. racemosus roots extract in acetaminophen-induced uraemia and renal failure in rats. Rats were co-administered with acetaminophen injection and oral administration of A. racemosus roots extract in an attempt of protection against renal failure. Uremic biomarkers significantly decreased, and elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes were found, in the animals treated with ethanol fraction of A. racemosus when compared with acetaminophen treated uremic animals. Also, histology of kidneys showed control like structure in animals treated with this extract but severe damage in the uremic animals. HPLC analysis of the ethanol fraction of A. racemosus roots extract revealed eight compounds out of which one had a retention time near to the quercetin standard. It may be concluded that this extract of A. racemosus has therapeutically useful nephroprotective potential.
{"title":"Nephroprotective efficacy of Asparagus racemosus root extract on acetaminophen-induced renal injury in rats","authors":"Suchismita Roy, Shrabani Pradhan, S. Mandal, Koushika Das, D. Nandi","doi":"10.14232/abs.2018.1.17-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2018.1.17-23","url":null,"abstract":"Acetaminophen-induced renal necrosis and insufficiency occurs in patients with acetaminophen overdose. Renal failure is rapidly assuming epidemic proportions globally. In absence of reliable and effective nephroprotective drugs, strategies towards exploring alternative therapies for treatment of kidney diseases are essential. Asparagus racemosus is a medicinal plant used for treatment of various ailments. This research was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of ethanol fraction of A. racemosus roots extract in acetaminophen-induced uraemia and renal failure in rats. Rats were co-administered with acetaminophen injection and oral administration of A. racemosus roots extract in an attempt of protection against renal failure. Uremic biomarkers significantly decreased, and elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes were found, in the animals treated with ethanol fraction of A. racemosus when compared with acetaminophen treated uremic animals. Also, histology of kidneys showed control like structure in animals treated with this extract but severe damage in the uremic animals. HPLC analysis of the ethanol fraction of A. racemosus roots extract revealed eight compounds out of which one had a retention time near to the quercetin standard. It may be concluded that this extract of A. racemosus has therapeutically useful nephroprotective potential.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45234233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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