Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.253-261
R. Milcheva, A. Georgieva, K. Todorova, S. Petkova
In skeletal muscles, the sialic acids have a great significance for their functional maintenance and proper structural organization. Our work described the expressions of St3gal, St6gal and St6galnac sialyltransferases specific for glycoproteins in mouse skeletal muscles and murine C2C12 myotubes. Lectin histochemistry, cytochemistry and lectin blot were used to demonstrate the membrane localization and the electrophoretic profiles of α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialylated glycoproteins. The expression levels of sialyltransferases were analysed by real time RT-PCR and western blot. The enzymes St6gal2 and St6galnac1 were not expressed in skeletal muscle tissue and C2C12 myotubes. In both experimental groups, mRNAs of the St3gal family prevailed over the mRNA expressions of the St6gal and St6galnac families. The profiles of sialyltransferase expressions showed differences between the two experimental groups, illustrated by the absence of expressions of the mRNA for the St3gal6 and St6galnac3 genes in the C2C12 cell samples and by the different shares of the enzymes St3gal3 and St3gal4 in both experimental groups. The different patterns of enzyme expressions in both experimental groups corresponded with differences between their α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialylated glycoprotein profiles. These results could be a useful addendum to the knowledge concerning the glycosylation of the skeletal muscle tissue.
{"title":"Expression of sialyltransferases from the St3gal, St6gal and St6galnac families in mouse skeletal muscle and mouse C2C12 myotubes","authors":"R. Milcheva, A. Georgieva, K. Todorova, S. Petkova","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.253-261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.253-261","url":null,"abstract":"In skeletal muscles, the sialic acids have a great significance for their functional maintenance and proper structural organization. Our work described the expressions of St3gal, St6gal and St6galnac sialyltransferases specific for glycoproteins in mouse skeletal muscles and murine C2C12 myotubes. Lectin histochemistry, cytochemistry and lectin blot were used to demonstrate the membrane localization and the electrophoretic profiles of α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialylated glycoproteins. The expression levels of sialyltransferases were analysed by real time RT-PCR and western blot. The enzymes St6gal2 and St6galnac1 were not expressed in skeletal muscle tissue and C2C12 myotubes. In both experimental groups, mRNAs of the St3gal family prevailed over the mRNA expressions of the St6gal and St6galnac families. The profiles of sialyltransferase expressions showed differences between the two experimental groups, illustrated by the absence of expressions of the mRNA for the St3gal6 and St6galnac3 genes in the C2C12 cell samples and by the different shares of the enzymes St3gal3 and St3gal4 in both experimental groups. The different patterns of enzyme expressions in both experimental groups corresponded with differences between their α-2,3- and α-2,6-sialylated glycoprotein profiles. These results could be a useful addendum to the knowledge concerning the glycosylation of the skeletal muscle tissue.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47203372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.233-245
S. Sur, Biswajit Pal
Mycobacterium ulcerans is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium responsible for causing Buruli ulcer. This is a neglected tropical disease characterized by ulceration, necrotization and scarring of the soft tissues in human limbs. Pathogenesis of M. ulcerans is mediated by a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive compound called mycolactone. This steadily evolving mycobacteria has adapted itself with the aquatic insect ecosystem. Human communities in wetland ecosystems are prone to Buruli ulcer and several endemic regions have been identified. So far, there is no vaccine and surgery or prolonged treatment with antibiotic cocktail has been mandated to overcome resistance patterns. Application of bioinformatics tools in M. ulcerans and Buruli ulcer research during the post genomic era, has provided immense opportunities. In this review, we summarize the outcome of genome studies, comparative genomics, population genomics, genetic diversity analysis, phylogenetic studies and proteomics research pertaining to this disease. We also highlight the implications of in silico vaccine design and computational studies on natural products. Resultant findings are conducive for interpreting genome architecture, pathogenomic evolution and intraspecific divergence due to phylogeographic and virulence factors of M. ulcerans. Moreover, the outcome of population genomics studies in disease management, coupled with the efforts in discovering vaccine candidates and novel lead compounds, will enrich our understanding of Buruli ulcer.
{"title":"Comprehensive review of Mycobacterium ulcerans and Buruli ulcer from a bioinformatics perspective – what have we learnt?","authors":"S. Sur, Biswajit Pal","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.233-245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.233-245","url":null,"abstract":"Mycobacterium ulcerans is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium responsible for causing Buruli ulcer. This is a neglected tropical disease characterized by ulceration, necrotization and scarring of the soft tissues in human limbs. Pathogenesis of M. ulcerans is mediated by a cytotoxic and immunosuppressive compound called mycolactone. This steadily evolving mycobacteria has adapted itself with the aquatic insect ecosystem. Human communities in wetland ecosystems are prone to Buruli ulcer and several endemic regions have been identified. So far, there is no vaccine and surgery or prolonged treatment with antibiotic cocktail has been mandated to overcome resistance patterns. Application of bioinformatics tools in M. ulcerans and Buruli ulcer research during the post genomic era, has provided immense opportunities. In this review, we summarize the outcome of genome studies, comparative genomics, population genomics, genetic diversity analysis, phylogenetic studies and proteomics research pertaining to this disease. We also highlight the implications of in silico vaccine design and computational studies on natural products. Resultant findings are conducive for interpreting genome architecture, pathogenomic evolution and intraspecific divergence due to phylogeographic and virulence factors of M. ulcerans. Moreover, the outcome of population genomics studies in disease management, coupled with the efforts in discovering vaccine candidates and novel lead compounds, will enrich our understanding of Buruli ulcer.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":"105 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41250922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.285-298
Indrani Samaddar, S. Podder, S. Chakrabarti, Himani Biswas
A regular survey was conducted in different places of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR) region of West Bengal on 32 different medicinal and aromatic plants. A total of 41 species of predatory mites belonging to 19 genera, 7 families, under 2 orders were observed during this study. Collection data, distribution and keys are given for all taxonomic categories. Many of the species and habitats reported here are new records. Ecological and behavioral remarks on all the predatory mite species reported from Sundarban Biosphere Reserve are also presented.
{"title":"Predatory mites fauna on medicinal and aromatic plants from Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, West Bengal, India","authors":"Indrani Samaddar, S. Podder, S. Chakrabarti, Himani Biswas","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.285-298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.285-298","url":null,"abstract":"A regular survey was conducted in different places of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR) region of West Bengal on 32 different medicinal and aromatic plants. A total of 41 species of predatory mites belonging to 19 genera, 7 families, under 2 orders were observed during this study. Collection data, distribution and keys are given for all taxonomic categories. Many of the species and habitats reported here are new records. Ecological and behavioral remarks on all the predatory mite species reported from Sundarban Biosphere Reserve are also presented.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41863873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.171-184
Isaac Mirahki, M. Ardakani, F. Golzardi, F. Paknejad, A. Mahrokh
To investigate hydropriming and transplanting effect on biomass and nutritional content of forage sorghum, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the semiarid condition of Iran. Experimental factor consisted of planting dates (July-1st, July-11th, July-23rd, August-1st) in the main plot and the factorial combination of planting methods (direct planting, hydropriming, transplanting) with cultivars (Speedfeed and Pegah) in the subplot. Planting date postponement from 1st of July to 10th of July, 23rd of July, and 1st of August, respectively, caused 16.1, 32.5 and 47.2% reduction in dry matter yield (DMY) and 7.4, 20.2, and 35.1% reduction in water use efficiency of DMY production (WUEDMY). Hydropriming and transplanting produced 23.6 and 22.4% more DMY, 24.5 and 21.8% more WUEDMY, 24 and 16.3% more crude protein yield, 22.7 and 20.9% more digestible dry matter (DDM) yield, and 22.2 and 20.1% more metabolic energy (ME) yield, compared to the direct planting. Hydropriming compared to direct planting caused 29% increase in plant growth rate and utilized growing season more productively than transplanting for DMY production. Conclusively, hydropriming and transplanting compensated for delay in planting through enhancing and accelerating germination and plant development but, applying hydropriming on Speedfeed and planting in July-1st caused the highest DMY, WUEDMY and the yield of nutritive parameters.
{"title":"Biomass production, water use efficiency and nutritional value parameters of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) genotypes as affected by seed hydro-priming and transplanting","authors":"Isaac Mirahki, M. Ardakani, F. Golzardi, F. Paknejad, A. Mahrokh","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.171-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.171-184","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate hydropriming and transplanting effect on biomass and nutritional content of forage sorghum, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the semiarid condition of Iran. Experimental factor consisted of planting dates (July-1st, July-11th, July-23rd, August-1st) in the main plot and the factorial combination of planting methods (direct planting, hydropriming, transplanting) with cultivars (Speedfeed and Pegah) in the subplot. Planting date postponement from 1st of July to 10th of July, 23rd of July, and 1st of August, respectively, caused 16.1, 32.5 and 47.2% reduction in dry matter yield (DMY) and 7.4, 20.2, and 35.1% reduction in water use efficiency of DMY production (WUEDMY). Hydropriming and transplanting produced 23.6 and 22.4% more DMY, 24.5 and 21.8% more WUEDMY, 24 and 16.3% more crude protein yield, 22.7 and 20.9% more digestible dry matter (DDM) yield, and 22.2 and 20.1% more metabolic energy (ME) yield, compared to the direct planting. Hydropriming compared to direct planting caused 29% increase in plant growth rate and utilized growing season more productively than transplanting for DMY production. Conclusively, hydropriming and transplanting compensated for delay in planting through enhancing and accelerating germination and plant development but, applying hydropriming on Speedfeed and planting in July-1st caused the highest DMY, WUEDMY and the yield of nutritive parameters.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47778096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.247-252
E. Farhadi, N. Mirazi, A. Hosseini
Asenapine (ASE) has been used for treatment of bipolar disorder. There is also evidence that it may be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this regard, the efficacy of ASE in an experimental model of seizure and memory impairment caused by seizures in rats has been investigated in the present study. Seizures in male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), and the anticonvulsant effect of ASE (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) was evaluated. The effect on memory was assessed using passive avoidance (PA) test in a shuttle box apparatus. After behavioral tests, the animals underwent deep anesthesia and were euthanized painlessly. Serum was isolated for oxidative stress assays (nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione (GSH)). Intraperitoneal injection of ASE decreased the mean number of myoclonic jerks and duration of generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS) and increased the mean latency of myoclonic jerk and GTCS compared to the PTZ group. Moreover, in the PA test, ASE caused a significant increase in retention latency (RL) and total time spent in the light compartment (TLC) compared to the PTZ group. Biochemical tests showed that ASE was able to significantly increase GSH serum levels and significantly reduce NO serum levels compared to the PTZ group. Overall, this study suggests the potential neuroprotective effects of ASE in a model of memory impairment caused by seizures via the mechanism of inhibition of the oxidative stress pathway.
{"title":"Investigation of efficacy of asenapine on passive avoidance learning and memory and oxidative stress in animal model of seizure-induced with pentylenetetrazole","authors":"E. Farhadi, N. Mirazi, A. Hosseini","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.247-252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.247-252","url":null,"abstract":"Asenapine (ASE) has been used for treatment of bipolar disorder. There is also evidence that it may be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In this regard, the efficacy of ASE in an experimental model of seizure and memory impairment caused by seizures in rats has been investigated in the present study. Seizures in male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)), and the anticonvulsant effect of ASE (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) was evaluated. The effect on memory was assessed using passive avoidance (PA) test in a shuttle box apparatus. After behavioral tests, the animals underwent deep anesthesia and were euthanized painlessly. Serum was isolated for oxidative stress assays (nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione (GSH)). Intraperitoneal injection of ASE decreased the mean number of myoclonic jerks and duration of generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS) and increased the mean latency of myoclonic jerk and GTCS compared to the PTZ group. Moreover, in the PA test, ASE caused a significant increase in retention latency (RL) and total time spent in the light compartment (TLC) compared to the PTZ group. Biochemical tests showed that ASE was able to significantly increase GSH serum levels and significantly reduce NO serum levels compared to the PTZ group. Overall, this study suggests the potential neuroprotective effects of ASE in a model of memory impairment caused by seizures via the mechanism of inhibition of the oxidative stress pathway.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41546084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.133-143
Abolfazl Tahmasebi
Atriplex, as the largest genus of the Chenopodiaceae, is well known for its taxonomic complexity resulting from overlapping morphological characters. This halophytic perennial is distributed in salty and dry soils of Eurasia, America and Australia. Atriplex is one of the most widely cultivated rangeland species in Iran, which improves and revitalizes the rangelands. These unique characteristics of Atriplex make it a valuable plant. The present study is the first micromorphological investigation of this genus in Iran. In this study, the molecular evidence, micromorphological and anatomical structure of four species of Atriplex have been considered to evaluate their relationships. The basic shape of the pollen grains in most taxa is subprolate, however prolate and spheroidal pollen grains were recorded for A. lentiformis and A. canescens. One type of trichome (glandular) is described. Here, among the glandular trichomes, density and size of trichomes are considered as valuable characteristics. Micromorphology of epidermis illustrated three types of epidermal cells including puzzle-shaped, polygonal and irregular. Stem cross sections showed rounded shape, but the margins are diff erent between four species. Using nuclear and plastid markers (nrDNA ITS and rpl32-trnL(UAG)), we reconstructed phylogenetic relationships within four species of Atriplex. This data set was analyzed by phylogenetic methods including Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony. In phylogenetic analyses, all members of four species formed a well-supported clade (PP = 1; ML/BS = 100/100), divided into three major subclades (I, II and III). The results of the present study showed the usefulness of micromorphological, anatomical and molecular characteristics in taxon delimitation at specific levels.
{"title":"Molecular, micromorphological and anatomical study of rangeland species of Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) in Iran","authors":"Abolfazl Tahmasebi","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.133-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.133-143","url":null,"abstract":"Atriplex, as the largest genus of the Chenopodiaceae, is well known for its taxonomic complexity resulting from overlapping morphological characters. This halophytic perennial is distributed in salty and dry soils of Eurasia, America and Australia. Atriplex is one of the most widely cultivated rangeland species in Iran, which improves and revitalizes the rangelands. These unique characteristics of Atriplex make it a valuable plant. The present study is the first micromorphological investigation of this genus in Iran. In this study, the molecular evidence, micromorphological and anatomical structure of four species of Atriplex have been considered to evaluate their relationships. The basic shape of the pollen grains in most taxa is subprolate, however prolate and spheroidal pollen grains were recorded for A. lentiformis and A. canescens. One type of trichome (glandular) is described. Here, among the glandular trichomes, density and size of trichomes are considered as valuable characteristics. Micromorphology of epidermis illustrated three types of epidermal cells including puzzle-shaped, polygonal and irregular. Stem cross sections showed rounded shape, but the margins are diff erent between four species. Using nuclear and plastid markers (nrDNA ITS and rpl32-trnL(UAG)), we reconstructed phylogenetic relationships within four species of Atriplex. This data set was analyzed by phylogenetic methods including Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony. In phylogenetic analyses, all members of four species formed a well-supported clade (PP = 1; ML/BS = 100/100), divided into three major subclades (I, II and III). The results of the present study showed the usefulness of micromorphological, anatomical and molecular characteristics in taxon delimitation at specific levels.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45571821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.271-283
H. Ali, Muna Mohammed Yaseen, Khalid F. Al-Rawi, Shakir F. T. Alaaraji, H. Al-Hakeim
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is related to alterations in different inflammatory and connective tissue biomarkers. The diagnostic values and the factors affecting these biomarkers are conflicting. In the present study, a bone-related composite (B-composite), made from the z-score of stromelysin-1 (MMP3), colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), and osteopontin (OPN), and I-composite, reflecting immune activation, made from the z-score of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-γ (INFγ), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) were examined in RA patients. The biomarkers were measured by ELISA technique in 102 RA patients and 58 age-matched healthy control subjects. Serum MMP3, TNFα, IFNγ, and CSF2 showed significant elevation in RA patients. Multivariate general linear model (GLM) analysis revealed a significant high effect of diagnosis on biomarkers' level (partial η2 = 0.415). Duration of disease is significantly associated with VEGF, OPN, and B-composite and negatively correlated with TNFα. B-composite is significantly associated with CRP. A significant fraction of the DAS28 score variance can be explained by the regression on zlnINFγ. The variance in the CRP was explained by zlnOPN and B-composite. More than half of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) variation can be explained by the regression on serum MMP3 and I-composite. The top 3 sensitive predictors for RA disease are INFγ, MMP3, and TNFα. B-composite is associated with the duration of disease and CRP. At the same time, I-composite is negatively associated with the ACPA level. The biomarker composites have potential use as RA disease characteristic biomarkers.
{"title":"Inflammatory and bone biomarkers/composites as a predictive tool for clinical characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis patients","authors":"H. Ali, Muna Mohammed Yaseen, Khalid F. Al-Rawi, Shakir F. T. Alaaraji, H. Al-Hakeim","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.271-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.271-283","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is related to alterations in different inflammatory and connective tissue biomarkers. The diagnostic values and the factors affecting these biomarkers are conflicting. In the present study, a bone-related composite (B-composite), made from the z-score of stromelysin-1 (MMP3), colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), and osteopontin (OPN), and I-composite, reflecting immune activation, made from the z-score of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-γ (INFγ), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) were examined in RA patients. The biomarkers were measured by ELISA technique in 102 RA patients and 58 age-matched healthy control subjects. Serum MMP3, TNFα, IFNγ, and CSF2 showed significant elevation in RA patients. Multivariate general linear model (GLM) analysis revealed a significant high effect of diagnosis on biomarkers' level (partial η2 = 0.415). Duration of disease is significantly associated with VEGF, OPN, and B-composite and negatively correlated with TNFα. B-composite is significantly associated with CRP. A significant fraction of the DAS28 score variance can be explained by the regression on zlnINFγ. The variance in the CRP was explained by zlnOPN and B-composite. More than half of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) variation can be explained by the regression on serum MMP3 and I-composite. The top 3 sensitive predictors for RA disease are INFγ, MMP3, and TNFα. B-composite is associated with the duration of disease and CRP. At the same time, I-composite is negatively associated with the ACPA level. The biomarker composites have potential use as RA disease characteristic biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43782404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-23DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.65.263-270
Sabarna Chowdhury, S. K. Saikia
The present study was aimed to understand whether ammonia exposure induces oxidative stress in Heteropneustes fossilis and what is the fate of the excess ammonia in the skeletal muscle of the fish. The experiments were performed in two different sets as control and treated (repeated three times with fresh specimens) of aquaria with 25 mM of ammonium chloride treatment and the tissues were collected in different time intervals (24 h, 72 h and 7 days). The collected tissues were studied to understand the change of SIRT5 levels in liver and skeletal muscle tissues. The results that were obtained from investigation of MDA (malondialdehyde) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) revealed that the fish undergoes extensive oxidative stress when exposed to ammonia ambiance. Further, after 7 days of ammonia exposure increase in the levels of glutamate and glutamine revealed the fate of excess ammonia in the skeletal muscle of the fish. Moreover, the levels of cell proliferator proteins like EGF, AKT and mTOR were also analysed and found an increase in their expression with a time dependent manner. It indicates that the excess ammonia could be utilised in synthesising protein and triggering cell growth and proliferation even under such harsh condition of ambient ammonia.
{"title":"Ammonia ambiance induces SIRT5 regulated expression of EGF-AKT-mTOR axis in Asian stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) 1974","authors":"Sabarna Chowdhury, S. K. Saikia","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.65.263-270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.65.263-270","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was aimed to understand whether ammonia exposure induces oxidative stress in Heteropneustes fossilis and what is the fate of the excess ammonia in the skeletal muscle of the fish. The experiments were performed in two different sets as control and treated (repeated three times with fresh specimens) of aquaria with 25 mM of ammonium chloride treatment and the tissues were collected in different time intervals (24 h, 72 h and 7 days). The collected tissues were studied to understand the change of SIRT5 levels in liver and skeletal muscle tissues. The results that were obtained from investigation of MDA (malondialdehyde) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) revealed that the fish undergoes extensive oxidative stress when exposed to ammonia ambiance. Further, after 7 days of ammonia exposure increase in the levels of glutamate and glutamine revealed the fate of excess ammonia in the skeletal muscle of the fish. Moreover, the levels of cell proliferator proteins like EGF, AKT and mTOR were also analysed and found an increase in their expression with a time dependent manner. It indicates that the excess ammonia could be utilised in synthesising protein and triggering cell growth and proliferation even under such harsh condition of ambient ammonia.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48680200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-21DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.1.85-92
M. Donadu, S. Zanetti, Á. Nagy, Ibrahim Barrak, M. Gajdács
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an important nosocomial pathogen, which may be a causative agent in a wide-range of human pathologies. Carbapenems are usually considered the last safe and effective choice of drugs for the treatment of Gram-negative infections. The emergence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) is a critical public health issue as they leave clinicians with limited therapeutic options. In this study, phenotypic methods were used to characterize sixty-two (n = 62) A. baumannii isolates, which were included based on their suspected non-susceptibility to meropenem. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of meropenem, levofloxacin, gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tigecycline were determined using E-tests, while colistin MICs were determined using broth microdilution. The isolates were subjected to the modified Hodge test (MHT), the modified carbapenem-inactivation method (mCIM) and the imipenem/EDTA combined disk test (CDT). Efflux pump overexpression was studied using agar plates containing phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN). Assessment of biofilm-formation was carried out using the crystal violet tube-adherence method. 64.5% of the strains showed meropenem MICs in the resistant range (>8 mg/L), resistance rates were similarly high to the other tested antibiotics. The MHT and mCIM assay were positive in 79.0% and 67.7% of cases, respectively; the presence of an MBL was suggested for 29.0% of isolates. Efflux-pump overexpression was seen in 12.9% of isolates. 54.8% of the isolates were characterized as strong biofilm-producers. Microbiology laboratories have an important role in differentiating the distinct mechanisms by which these pathogens develop the CRAB phenotype, as plasmid-borne carbapenemases are significant from the standpoint of public health microbiology.
{"title":"Insights on carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"M. Donadu, S. Zanetti, Á. Nagy, Ibrahim Barrak, M. Gajdács","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.1.85-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.1.85-92","url":null,"abstract":"Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is an important nosocomial pathogen, which may be a causative agent in a wide-range of human pathologies. Carbapenems are usually considered the last safe and effective choice of drugs for the treatment of Gram-negative infections. The emergence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) is a critical public health issue as they leave clinicians with limited therapeutic options. In this study, phenotypic methods were used to characterize sixty-two (n = 62) A. baumannii isolates, which were included based on their suspected non-susceptibility to meropenem. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of meropenem, levofloxacin, gentamicin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tigecycline were determined using E-tests, while colistin MICs were determined using broth microdilution. The isolates were subjected to the modified Hodge test (MHT), the modified carbapenem-inactivation method (mCIM) and the imipenem/EDTA combined disk test (CDT). Efflux pump overexpression was studied using agar plates containing phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN). Assessment of biofilm-formation was carried out using the crystal violet tube-adherence method. 64.5% of the strains showed meropenem MICs in the resistant range (>8 mg/L), resistance rates were similarly high to the other tested antibiotics. The MHT and mCIM assay were positive in 79.0% and 67.7% of cases, respectively; the presence of an MBL was suggested for 29.0% of isolates. Efflux-pump overexpression was seen in 12.9% of isolates. 54.8% of the isolates were characterized as strong biofilm-producers. Microbiology laboratories have an important role in differentiating the distinct mechanisms by which these pathogens develop the CRAB phenotype, as plasmid-borne carbapenemases are significant from the standpoint of public health microbiology.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45301037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-21DOI: 10.14232/abs.2021.1.29-34
A. Gholipour, S. Kazemitabar, Hamed Ramzanpour
In addition to various medicinal properties, Acorus calamus (sweet flag) is used in health, food, and perfume industries. Since this species is a rare plant in Iran, its propagation and cultivation are of the great importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different plant growth regulators on micropropaga-tion of this plant and to select the appropriate population. The root, the rhizome and the leaf explants of three populations (Arzefon, Pelesk, and Alandan) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for callus induction and plant regeneration. The results showed that only rhizome explant resulted in direct plant regeneration. Among different treatments, the 1 mg/l treatment of BAP and NAA - with the highest mean number of regenerated plants (3.75 ± 0.85), the highest percentage of grown explants (91.6%) and maximum average length of regenerated plants (12.06 ± 0.32 cm) - was the best treatment for regeneration of sweet flag. The highest mean number of root (6.6 ± 0.1) was observed in Alandan population in 1 mg/l treatment of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). According to the present study, Alandan population is suitable for cultivation purposes in Iran.
{"title":"A comparative study on Acorus calamus (Acoraceae) micropropagation and selection of suitable population for cultivation in Iran","authors":"A. Gholipour, S. Kazemitabar, Hamed Ramzanpour","doi":"10.14232/abs.2021.1.29-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14232/abs.2021.1.29-34","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to various medicinal properties, Acorus calamus (sweet flag) is used in health, food, and perfume industries. Since this species is a rare plant in Iran, its propagation and cultivation are of the great importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different plant growth regulators on micropropaga-tion of this plant and to select the appropriate population. The root, the rhizome and the leaf explants of three populations (Arzefon, Pelesk, and Alandan) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for callus induction and plant regeneration. The results showed that only rhizome explant resulted in direct plant regeneration. Among different treatments, the 1 mg/l treatment of BAP and NAA - with the highest mean number of regenerated plants (3.75 ± 0.85), the highest percentage of grown explants (91.6%) and maximum average length of regenerated plants (12.06 ± 0.32 cm) - was the best treatment for regeneration of sweet flag. The highest mean number of root (6.6 ± 0.1) was observed in Alandan population in 1 mg/l treatment of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). According to the present study, Alandan population is suitable for cultivation purposes in Iran.","PeriodicalId":34918,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biologica Szegediensis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44979468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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