Pub Date : 2020-03-19DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2020v48n1p36-40
Eduardo Fernando Bispo, N. B. Meneses, G. O. Sousa, F. D. M. Sousa, E. Costa
The demand for vegetables was reinforced by the search for healthier foods, favoring increased sales of fresh products. Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) and tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) are the most cultivated vegetables in Brazil, thus being economically important. This study evaluates the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of nutgrass ( Cyperus rotundus ) on lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) and tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) plants, aiming to analyze its influence on species development. Two trials were conducted in the premises of the Taquaritinguense Institute of Higher Education (ITES) in Taquaritinga city, Sao Paulo State, under temperatures ranging from 14 oC to 28 oC, in a greenhouse. The variables analyzed were: fresh shoot and root weight (g), using a semianalytical scale; and root length (cm), using a ruler. Cyperus rotundus leaf extract at higher concentrations positively affected the early growth of vegetables. Studies on allelopathic effects between plants are extremely important because the use of this extract can contribute to seedling growth. The 200% concentration of Cyperus rotundus extract increased root and shoot development in tomato crop.
{"title":"Allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus on Lactuca sativa and Solanum lycopersicum","authors":"Eduardo Fernando Bispo, N. B. Meneses, G. O. Sousa, F. D. M. Sousa, E. Costa","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2020v48n1p36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2020v48n1p36-40","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for vegetables was reinforced by the search for healthier foods, favoring increased sales of fresh products. Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) and tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) are the most cultivated vegetables in Brazil, thus being economically important. This study evaluates the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of nutgrass ( Cyperus rotundus ) on lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) and tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) plants, aiming to analyze its influence on species development. Two trials were conducted in the premises of the Taquaritinguense Institute of Higher Education (ITES) in Taquaritinga city, Sao Paulo State, under temperatures ranging from 14 oC to 28 oC, in a greenhouse. The variables analyzed were: fresh shoot and root weight (g), using a semianalytical scale; and root length (cm), using a ruler. Cyperus rotundus leaf extract at higher concentrations positively affected the early growth of vegetables. Studies on allelopathic effects between plants are extremely important because the use of this extract can contribute to seedling growth. The 200% concentration of Cyperus rotundus extract increased root and shoot development in tomato crop.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46311352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46842/ipn.cien.v24n1a03
Andrés Castro-Delgado, V. Quintero-Flórez
Los Sistemas de Comunicaciones Móviles de Quinta Generación (5G, Fifth Generation) soportarán servicios de Comunicación Ultra Confiable de Baja Latencia (URLLC, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication), que imponen requerimientos exigentes en términos de latencia y confiabilidad. La Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (ITU, International Telecommunications Union) ha considerado reestructurar la trama de datos de nivel físico en Sistemas 5G para adaptar el Tiempo de Intervalo de Transmisión (TTI, Time Transmission Interval) y cumplir con los requerimientos definidos para los servicios URRLC. El presente artículo analiza el impacto del TTI sobre la latencia de la Red de Acceso Radio (RAN, Radio Access Network) de Sistemas 5G. Para esto, se estudia la estructura de trama de nivel físico de Sistemas 5G y se diseñan escenarios de simulación teniendo en cuenta la latencia en el nivel físico. Estos escenarios son implementados en la herramienta software ns3, utilizando el módulo mmWave para sistemas 5G. Los resultados muestran que el TTI influye significativamente sobre la latencia en la RAN, sin embargo, es necesario considerar las características de la red y los servicios a desplegar.
{"title":"Análisis del impacto del intervalo de tiempo de transmisión sobre la latencia en la red de acceso radio de sistemas 5G","authors":"Andrés Castro-Delgado, V. Quintero-Flórez","doi":"10.46842/ipn.cien.v24n1a03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46842/ipn.cien.v24n1a03","url":null,"abstract":"Los Sistemas de Comunicaciones Móviles de Quinta Generación (5G, Fifth Generation) soportarán servicios de Comunicación Ultra Confiable de Baja Latencia (URLLC, Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication), que imponen requerimientos exigentes en términos de latencia y confiabilidad. La Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (ITU, International Telecommunications Union) ha considerado reestructurar la trama de datos de nivel físico en Sistemas 5G para adaptar el Tiempo de Intervalo de Transmisión (TTI, Time Transmission Interval) y cumplir con los requerimientos definidos para los servicios URRLC. El presente artículo analiza el impacto del TTI sobre la latencia de la Red de Acceso Radio (RAN, Radio Access Network) de Sistemas 5G. Para esto, se estudia la estructura de trama de nivel físico de Sistemas 5G y se diseñan escenarios de simulación teniendo en cuenta la latencia en el nivel físico. Estos escenarios son implementados en la herramienta software ns3, utilizando el módulo mmWave para sistemas 5G. Los resultados muestran que el TTI influye significativamente sobre la latencia en la RAN, sin embargo, es necesario considerar las características de la red y los servicios a desplegar.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70596132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.46842/ipn.cien.v24n2a06
Israel Ceron-Morales
Este documento presenta el modelado de orden fraccional de la dinámica de robots manipuladores de 1, 2 y 3 grados de libertad (GDL). Se presenta la demostración de estabilidad del modelo de orden fraccional mediante el segundo método de Lyapunov. Se considera un parámetro físico básico, la inercia de masa de los eslabones empleados. Se utiliza el software Freecad para el diseño mecánico. Se simula el modelo dinámico y en el caso de los manipuladores de 2 y 3 GDL se presentan trayectorias en el plano (x, y) y en el espacio (x, y, z) respectivamente. Los modelos se programan en una tarjeta de desarrollo basada en un microcontrolador, la ventaja de la tarjeta de desarrollo se encuentra en sus periféricos de salida debido a que cuenta con dos canales analógicos de salida, y estos se envían a un osciloscopio, los resultados obtenidos están de acuerdo con los modelos presentados.
本文介绍了1、2和3自由度机械手机器人(GDL)动力学的分数阶建模。在此基础上，提出了一种方法来证明分数阶模型的稳定性。考虑一个基本的物理参数，即所使用的环节的质量惯性。机械设计采用Freecad软件。对2 GDL和3 GDL机械手的动态模型进行了仿真，分别给出了平面(x, y)和空间(x, y, z)上的轨迹。模型排入一个单片机desarrollobasada卡,信用卡优势发展正处在外设的出路,因为拥有两个模拟输出渠道,和这些成果送到范围都同意提出的模型。
{"title":"Modelado de Orden Fraccional de la dinámica de robots manipuladores de 1, 2 y 3 GDL","authors":"Israel Ceron-Morales","doi":"10.46842/ipn.cien.v24n2a06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46842/ipn.cien.v24n2a06","url":null,"abstract":"Este documento presenta el modelado de orden fraccional de la dinámica de robots manipuladores de 1, 2 y 3 grados de libertad (GDL). Se presenta la demostración de estabilidad del modelo de orden fraccional mediante el segundo método de Lyapunov. Se considera un parámetro físico básico, la inercia de masa de los eslabones empleados. Se utiliza el software Freecad para el diseño mecánico. Se simula el modelo dinámico y en el caso de los manipuladores de 2 y 3 GDL se presentan trayectorias en el plano (x, y) y en el espacio (x, y, z) respectivamente. Los modelos se programan en una tarjeta de desarrollo basada en un microcontrolador, la ventaja de la tarjeta de desarrollo se encuentra en sus periféricos de salida debido a que cuenta con dos canales analógicos de salida, y estos se envían a un osciloscopio, los resultados obtenidos están de acuerdo con los modelos presentados.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70596243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p364-370
Fabrício J. Silva, B. S. Vieira, A. Siquieroli
Among the diseases that affect the coffee crop, bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae (Psg) stands out due to production losses. This study evaluates the antagonistic effect of Bacillus spp. against Psg both in vitro and in coffee seedlings. In vitro antagonism was evaluated by the double layer method for the inhibition of Psg growth. Subsequently, in vitro selected antagonists were tested for their ability to inhibit bacteriosis in coffee seedlings (cv. Mundo Novo) under greenhouse conditions. It was evaluated nonspecific metabolic production by antagonistic bacteria and identified the isolates that stood out in the in vitro experiment. Isolates considered as the most promising in vitro experiments (23% of the total) were chosen for the antagonistic efficiency test in a greenhouse. Isolates B04, B05, B22, B31, B53, B202, B208, B264, B266, and B294 showed ammonia production. Isolates B04, B33, and B294 showed hydrocyanic acid production. Isolates B04, B05, B18, B22, B33, B53, B105, B202, B208, B264, and B294 showed siderophores production. In addition, isolates B18 ( B. subtilis ), B22 ( B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis ), B05 ( B. methylotrophicus ), B53 ( B. safensis ), B202 ( B. subtilis ), and B33 ( B. subtilis ) reduced more than 80% the severity of bacterial blight under greenhouse conditions. Field experiments should be conducted to confirm the potential of these isolates for bacterial blight management.
{"title":"Biological control of Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae in coffee crop with Bacillus spp. isolates","authors":"Fabrício J. Silva, B. S. Vieira, A. Siquieroli","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p364-370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p364-370","url":null,"abstract":"Among the diseases that affect the coffee crop, bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae (Psg) stands out due to production losses. This study evaluates the antagonistic effect of Bacillus spp. against Psg both in vitro and in coffee seedlings. In vitro antagonism was evaluated by the double layer method for the inhibition of Psg growth. Subsequently, in vitro selected antagonists were tested for their ability to inhibit bacteriosis in coffee seedlings (cv. Mundo Novo) under greenhouse conditions. It was evaluated nonspecific metabolic production by antagonistic bacteria and identified the isolates that stood out in the in vitro experiment. Isolates considered as the most promising in vitro experiments (23% of the total) were chosen for the antagonistic efficiency test in a greenhouse. Isolates B04, B05, B22, B31, B53, B202, B208, B264, B266, and B294 showed ammonia production. Isolates B04, B33, and B294 showed hydrocyanic acid production. Isolates B04, B05, B18, B22, B33, B53, B105, B202, B208, B264, and B294 showed siderophores production. In addition, isolates B18 ( B. subtilis ), B22 ( B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis ), B05 ( B. methylotrophicus ), B53 ( B. safensis ), B202 ( B. subtilis ), and B33 ( B. subtilis ) reduced more than 80% the severity of bacterial blight under greenhouse conditions. Field experiments should be conducted to confirm the potential of these isolates for bacterial blight management.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49199395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p419-425
J. Malaquias, L. D. H. C. S. Conceição, M. F. Braga, N. Junqueira
Macauba has been shown to be the most promising native species for oil and biomass production. The first commercial crops have arisen mainly in Minas Gerais State, and estimates indicate a vegetable oil yield potential above 8 t ha -1 . In this context, research has acted strongly on technological advance for improvements in the production system and selection of superior genotypes, which requires the use of precise and less expensive methodologies. Thus, we built prediction models to estimate the weight of macauba bunches using easy-to-measure physical variables. Bunches of plants from five regions of Brazil were evaluated. The bunches were weighed, and length and diameter were measured along with four other variables. Based on the set of variables obtained, stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to build regression models for each region. The correlation between observed versus estimated data reached determination coefficients (R 2 ) above 0.90 in three of the models built. The main variables selected by the best models were bunch volume, bunch length/diameter ratio, and bunch square diameter.
{"title":"Macauba production estimated by regression models","authors":"J. Malaquias, L. D. H. C. S. Conceição, M. F. Braga, N. Junqueira","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p419-425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p419-425","url":null,"abstract":"Macauba has been shown to be the most promising native species for oil and biomass production. The first commercial crops have arisen mainly in Minas Gerais State, and estimates indicate a vegetable oil yield potential above 8 t ha -1 . In this context, research has acted strongly on technological advance for improvements in the production system and selection of superior genotypes, which requires the use of precise and less expensive methodologies. Thus, we built prediction models to estimate the weight of macauba bunches using easy-to-measure physical variables. Bunches of plants from five regions of Brazil were evaluated. The bunches were weighed, and length and diameter were measured along with four other variables. Based on the set of variables obtained, stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to build regression models for each region. The correlation between observed versus estimated data reached determination coefficients (R 2 ) above 0.90 in three of the models built. The main variables selected by the best models were bunch volume, bunch length/diameter ratio, and bunch square diameter.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44225804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p441-446
B. R. Oliveira, Aline dos Anjos Souza, Celicleide Quaresma Lobo, U. C. Oliveira, Anacleto Ranulfo Santo
Bottle gourd ( Lagenaria siceraria ) is a little known cucurbit, which is well accepted by consumers and is used in cooking mainly in the northeastern and southern regions of Brazil. This study evaluates the behavior of bottle gourd subjected to nitrogen rates in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of five nitrogen rates equivalent to 0, 70, 140, 210, and 420 mg L -1 . The following were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root dry mass, stem dry mass, leaf dry mass, total dry mass, root/shoot ratio, and chlorophyll a and b contents. Nitrogen rates influenced all studied variables. Greater plant height and stem diameter were obtained with 277 and 282 mg L -1 N, respectively. The highest nitrogen rate provided higher root growth. The results showed that the bottle gourd crop is very responsive to nitrogen fertilization during its initial growth.
葫芦(Lagenaria siceraria)是一种鲜为人知的葫芦，它被消费者所接受，主要在巴西东北部和南部地区用于烹饪。本研究评价了温室中冬瓜对施氮量的影响。试验设计完全随机化，5个处理，6个重复。5个氮肥处理分别为0、70、140、210和420 mg L -1。评价指标为株高、茎粗、叶数、根干质量、茎干质量、叶干质量、总干质量、根冠比、叶绿素a和b含量。施氮率影响所有研究变量。施用277 mg L -1 N和282 mg L -1 N可获得较大的株高和茎粗。施氮量越大，根系生长越快。结果表明，冬瓜作物在生长初期对施氮反应强烈。
{"title":"Initial development of bottle gourd as a function of nitrogen rates","authors":"B. R. Oliveira, Aline dos Anjos Souza, Celicleide Quaresma Lobo, U. C. Oliveira, Anacleto Ranulfo Santo","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p441-446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p441-446","url":null,"abstract":"Bottle gourd ( Lagenaria siceraria ) is a little known cucurbit, which is well accepted by consumers and is used in cooking mainly in the northeastern and southern regions of Brazil. This study evaluates the behavior of bottle gourd subjected to nitrogen rates in a greenhouse. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of five nitrogen rates equivalent to 0, 70, 140, 210, and 420 mg L -1 . The following were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root dry mass, stem dry mass, leaf dry mass, total dry mass, root/shoot ratio, and chlorophyll a and b contents. Nitrogen rates influenced all studied variables. Greater plant height and stem diameter were obtained with 277 and 282 mg L -1 N, respectively. The highest nitrogen rate provided higher root growth. The results showed that the bottle gourd crop is very responsive to nitrogen fertilization during its initial growth.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43358387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p400-410
André May, B. R. D. A. Moreira, G. Mascarin, R. D. S. Viana, M. S. Santos, E. H. Silva, N. P. Ramos, I. S. Melo
In twenty-first century, free-living endophytic and rhizosphere-competent microbes have become breakthrough strategies to meet global demands for sustainable foods and renewable fuelstocks owing to their great potential to produce stress-tolerant food and energy crops. Here, we investigate how Bacillus aryabhattai could mitigate water stress by drought in sugarcane seedlings. Briefly, the sugarcane genotypes, namely IAC91-1099 and RB85-5156, both exposed to cells-centrifuged B. aryabhattai suspension at 1x10 8 CFU mL -1 and non-treated were developed under irrigation regimes of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days to simulate different degrees of soil moisture content. The osmotolerant bacterium remarkably enhanced development of aboveground structures and root system, mainly in irrigated seedlings of IAC91-1099. Clearly noted that microbial metabolism depends on genotype and soil water potential to promote plant growth. This bacterium probably enabled sugarcane plants in early phenological stages to cope with water deficit by regulation of plant growth hormones along with solubilization of nutrients. Of particular importance, the bacterium exerted more pronounced effects by conferring drought tolerance at 7 and 14 days irrigation interval, irrespective of sugarcane genotype, which also translated into increased biomass of shoots and roots. Microbial degradation of ethylene precursors exuded in rhizosphere could reasonably explain why B. aryabhattai -associated seedlings developed deeper root systems to uptake water and nutrients and, consequently, allocating larger amounts of dry matter to shoots. Collectively, our findings provide relevant insights on the beneficial effects of the cacti-associated B. aryabhattai in alleviating the harmful effects of drought stress in seedlings and contribute to increasing our understanding of the phenotypic outcomes from the interaction between sugarcane genotypes and a beneficial rhizobacterium. Hence, this bacterial inoculant forms a low-cost and ecologically sound strategy to enhancing drought stress tolerance in sugarcane crops planted in water-limited zones in Brazil.
在21世纪，自由生活的内生微生物和根际微生物已成为满足全球对可持续粮食和可再生燃料需求的突破性战略，因为它们具有生产耐应力粮食和能源作物的巨大潜力。在此，我们研究了aryabhattai芽孢杆菌如何缓解甘蔗幼苗干旱造成的水分胁迫。简单地说，甘蔗基因型IAC91-1099和RB85-5156分别暴露于1 × 10 8 CFU mL -1和未处理的酵母悬浮液中，分别在灌溉0、7、14和21天模拟不同程度的土壤含水量。耐渗透菌显著促进了IAC91-1099灌水苗地上部结构和根系的发育。明确指出微生物代谢依赖于基因型和土壤水势来促进植物生长。这种细菌可能使甘蔗植物在物候早期通过调节植物生长激素和营养物的溶解作用来应对水分不足。特别重要的是，无论甘蔗基因型如何，该细菌在灌溉间隔7天和14天的耐旱性方面发挥了更显著的作用，这也转化为茎和根的生物量增加。根际散发的乙烯前体的微生物降解可以合理地解释为什么杨木相关的幼苗发育出更深的根系来吸收水分和养分，从而分配更多的干物质给芽。总的来说，我们的研究结果为仙人掌相关的B. aryabhattai在缓解干旱胁迫对幼苗的有害影响方面的有益作用提供了相关的见解，并有助于增加我们对甘蔗基因型与有益根瘤菌相互作用的表型结果的理解。因此，这种细菌接种剂形成了一种低成本和生态合理的策略，可以提高巴西缺水地区种植的甘蔗作物的抗旱性。
{"title":"Induction of drought tolerance by inoculation of Bacillus aryabhattai on sugarcane seedlings","authors":"André May, B. R. D. A. Moreira, G. Mascarin, R. D. S. Viana, M. S. Santos, E. H. Silva, N. P. Ramos, I. S. Melo","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p400-410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p400-410","url":null,"abstract":"In twenty-first century, free-living endophytic and rhizosphere-competent microbes have become breakthrough strategies to meet global demands for sustainable foods and renewable fuelstocks owing to their great potential to produce stress-tolerant food and energy crops. Here, we investigate how Bacillus aryabhattai could mitigate water stress by drought in sugarcane seedlings. Briefly, the sugarcane genotypes, namely IAC91-1099 and RB85-5156, both exposed to cells-centrifuged B. aryabhattai suspension at 1x10 8 CFU mL -1 and non-treated were developed under irrigation regimes of 0, 7, 14 and 21 days to simulate different degrees of soil moisture content. The osmotolerant bacterium remarkably enhanced development of aboveground structures and root system, mainly in irrigated seedlings of IAC91-1099. Clearly noted that microbial metabolism depends on genotype and soil water potential to promote plant growth. This bacterium probably enabled sugarcane plants in early phenological stages to cope with water deficit by regulation of plant growth hormones along with solubilization of nutrients. Of particular importance, the bacterium exerted more pronounced effects by conferring drought tolerance at 7 and 14 days irrigation interval, irrespective of sugarcane genotype, which also translated into increased biomass of shoots and roots. Microbial degradation of ethylene precursors exuded in rhizosphere could reasonably explain why B. aryabhattai -associated seedlings developed deeper root systems to uptake water and nutrients and, consequently, allocating larger amounts of dry matter to shoots. Collectively, our findings provide relevant insights on the beneficial effects of the cacti-associated B. aryabhattai in alleviating the harmful effects of drought stress in seedlings and contribute to increasing our understanding of the phenotypic outcomes from the interaction between sugarcane genotypes and a beneficial rhizobacterium. Hence, this bacterial inoculant forms a low-cost and ecologically sound strategy to enhancing drought stress tolerance in sugarcane crops planted in water-limited zones in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46827108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p388-399
D. Zanin, A. F. Fagherazzi, Katiana Vanusa Tillwitz, Juliana Martins de Lima, A. Kretzschmar
Strawberry cultivation is technically considered a complex activity, which demands high inputs in investment and manpower. One of the most relevant technical aspects of this crop is the choice of correct cultivars. A highly feasible way to obtain fully adapted genotypes with high production potential and fruit quality is to select the genotypes with best performance in the producing region itself. The objective of this work was to evaluate the advanced selections of strawberry on productive performance, fruit quality and resistance to strawberry leaf spot, powdery mildew and anthracnose, under conditions of the municipality of Lages, Santa Catarina State. Eleven genotypes were evaluated, being one commercial cultivar - San Andreas - and ten advanced selections, namely: ITA 12,103-15; ITA 12,103-12; ITA 12,103-22; ITA 10,107-6; ITA 10,107-7; ITA 13,097-05; ITA 10,133-2; ITA 10,128-9; ITA 12,103-6 and ITA 10,107-12. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three replications, and plots constituted by eleven plants. The cultivar San Andreas presented the best results for total (657.06 g plant -1 ) and commercial production (547.77 g plant -1 ), and number of commercial fruits per plant (30.81 fruits plant -1 ). The selections ITA 10,128-9; ITA 10,133-2; ITA 13,097-5; ITA 10,107-7 and ITA 10,107-12 obtained the highest values for soluble solids content, above to 8.5 °Brix, being superior than San Andreas cultivar for this variable. The genotypes ITA 12,103-15 and ITA 10,107-12, on the other hand, were the most resistant to the diseases evaluated.
{"title":"Evaluation of advanced selections of strawberry in southern Brazil","authors":"D. Zanin, A. F. Fagherazzi, Katiana Vanusa Tillwitz, Juliana Martins de Lima, A. Kretzschmar","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p388-399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p388-399","url":null,"abstract":"Strawberry cultivation is technically considered a complex activity, which demands high inputs in investment and manpower. One of the most relevant technical aspects of this crop is the choice of correct cultivars. A highly feasible way to obtain fully adapted genotypes with high production potential and fruit quality is to select the genotypes with best performance in the producing region itself. The objective of this work was to evaluate the advanced selections of strawberry on productive performance, fruit quality and resistance to strawberry leaf spot, powdery mildew and anthracnose, under conditions of the municipality of Lages, Santa Catarina State. Eleven genotypes were evaluated, being one commercial cultivar - San Andreas - and ten advanced selections, namely: ITA 12,103-15; ITA 12,103-12; ITA 12,103-22; ITA 10,107-6; ITA 10,107-7; ITA 13,097-05; ITA 10,133-2; ITA 10,128-9; ITA 12,103-6 and ITA 10,107-12. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three replications, and plots constituted by eleven plants. The cultivar San Andreas presented the best results for total (657.06 g plant -1 ) and commercial production (547.77 g plant -1 ), and number of commercial fruits per plant (30.81 fruits plant -1 ). The selections ITA 10,128-9; ITA 10,133-2; ITA 13,097-5; ITA 10,107-7 and ITA 10,107-12 obtained the highest values for soluble solids content, above to 8.5 °Brix, being superior than San Andreas cultivar for this variable. The genotypes ITA 12,103-15 and ITA 10,107-12, on the other hand, were the most resistant to the diseases evaluated.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47752194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p371-379
D. Sanchotene, S. Dornelles, Leandro Lima Spatt, M. Peripolli, V. S. Trivisiol, Danubia Quadros, E. Müller
This study evaluated the control of Echinochloa spp. collected in four irrigated rice producing regions of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We identified populations susceptible and resistant to the herbicides quinclorac (auxin mimic), bispyribac-sodium, penoxsulam, and imazethapyr (ALS inhibitors). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a randomized block design with four replicates. Treatments were arranged in a 40x4x6 factorial scheme (40 populations, 4 herbicides, and 6 rates, corresponding to zero, one-half label rate, full label rate, and two, four, and eight times the label rate of each herbicide tested). Echinochloa spp. plants were counted and collected 25 days after emergence. Percent damage was analyzed as a function of plant dry mass. The dose-response curves showed different resistances between the populations collected in the different regions. The Central Depression region accounted for a higher number of populations resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Some Echinochloa spp. populations showed multiple resistance to ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics. Thus, the identification of resistant and susceptible populations and their regions of occurrence allows for more environmentally appropriate weed management.
{"title":"Identification of Echinochloa spp. populations resistant and susceptible to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting and auxin-mimic herbicides","authors":"D. Sanchotene, S. Dornelles, Leandro Lima Spatt, M. Peripolli, V. S. Trivisiol, Danubia Quadros, E. Müller","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p371-379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p371-379","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the control of Echinochloa spp. collected in four irrigated rice producing regions of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We identified populations susceptible and resistant to the herbicides quinclorac (auxin mimic), bispyribac-sodium, penoxsulam, and imazethapyr (ALS inhibitors). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a randomized block design with four replicates. Treatments were arranged in a 40x4x6 factorial scheme (40 populations, 4 herbicides, and 6 rates, corresponding to zero, one-half label rate, full label rate, and two, four, and eight times the label rate of each herbicide tested). Echinochloa spp. plants were counted and collected 25 days after emergence. Percent damage was analyzed as a function of plant dry mass. The dose-response curves showed different resistances between the populations collected in the different regions. The Central Depression region accounted for a higher number of populations resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Some Echinochloa spp. populations showed multiple resistance to ALS inhibitors and auxin mimics. Thus, the identification of resistant and susceptible populations and their regions of occurrence allows for more environmentally appropriate weed management.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49096504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-12DOI: 10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p411-418
A. Rós, A. C. S. Hirata
A manutencao de coberturas vegetais na superficie do solo ou sua incorporacao e realizada devido aos beneficios a propriedades do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto de manejos de Crotalaria ochroleuca ou comunidade infestante na produtividade da mandioca, propriedades fisicas do solo e manejo de plantas daninhas. Os tratamentos consistiram no cultivo de mandioca sobre quatro manejos de coberturas do solo: 1- C. ochroleuca rocada e incorporada; 2 - C. ochroleuca rocada; 3 - comunidade infestante rocada e incorporada e 4 - testemunha capinada. A incorporacao da C. ochroleuca e da comunidade infestante melhorou propriedades fisicas do solo em relacao a C. ochroleuc a rocada e o solo sem cobertura. Nao houve diferenca de resistencia a penetracao no solo entre os tratamentos com incorporacao da cobertura vegetal. A C. ochroleuca rocada ou incorporada nao interferiu na densidade e acumulo de massa seca de plantas daninhas na cultura da mandioca, aos 60 dias apos o plantio. A produtividade comercial da mandioca nao diferiu entre os tratamentos (media de 30 t ha -1 ). Os resultados indicam que o manejo da C. ochroleuca ou comunidade infestante influencia as propriedades fisicas do solo, mas nao necessariamente a produtividade da mandioca.
{"title":"Propriedades físicas do solo e produtividade de mandioca em diferentes manejos de coberturas do solo","authors":"A. Rós, A. C. S. Hirata","doi":"10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p411-418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15361/1984-5529.2019v47n4p411-418","url":null,"abstract":"A manutencao de coberturas vegetais na superficie do solo ou sua incorporacao e realizada devido aos beneficios a propriedades do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto de manejos de Crotalaria ochroleuca ou comunidade infestante na produtividade da mandioca, propriedades fisicas do solo e manejo de plantas daninhas. Os tratamentos consistiram no cultivo de mandioca sobre quatro manejos de coberturas do solo: 1- C. ochroleuca rocada e incorporada; 2 - C. ochroleuca rocada; 3 - comunidade infestante rocada e incorporada e 4 - testemunha capinada. A incorporacao da C. ochroleuca e da comunidade infestante melhorou propriedades fisicas do solo em relacao a C. ochroleuc a rocada e o solo sem cobertura. Nao houve diferenca de resistencia a penetracao no solo entre os tratamentos com incorporacao da cobertura vegetal. A C. ochroleuca rocada ou incorporada nao interferiu na densidade e acumulo de massa seca de plantas daninhas na cultura da mandioca, aos 60 dias apos o plantio. A produtividade comercial da mandioca nao diferiu entre os tratamentos (media de 30 t ha -1 ). Os resultados indicam que o manejo da C. ochroleuca ou comunidade infestante influencia as propriedades fisicas do solo, mas nao necessariamente a produtividade da mandioca.","PeriodicalId":35044,"journal":{"name":"Cientifica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43097108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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