Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.1504/ijemr.2019.100704
J. A. Sánchez-Torres, F. Arroyo-Cañada, S. Rojas-Berrio, O. Robayo-Pinzón, Winston Fontalvo-Cerpa
There are few studies describing the adoption of electronic business-to-consumer (B2C) commerce in poor and developing countries, in that vein the purpose of this article is to examine which factors lead to electronic purchasing in Colombia. This study was conducted on a national level using an online survey, with a total of 941 responses from electronic commerce users. The results validated UTAUT2 model, with only the expected variables of effort and hedonistic motivations not being significant; additionally, online trust is positively affected by perceived security, information quality and perceived privacy. Finally, this analysis confirms that the relationships proposed in the theory of the adoption of online shopping in an emerging country are met, offering a detailed analysis of each of the variables that the online shopper considers; additionally, this article has validated that in Colombia, online shopping affects the search for low prices.
{"title":"The Colombian electronic consumer: Analysis of the leading factors of e-commerce use","authors":"J. A. Sánchez-Torres, F. Arroyo-Cañada, S. Rojas-Berrio, O. Robayo-Pinzón, Winston Fontalvo-Cerpa","doi":"10.1504/ijemr.2019.100704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijemr.2019.100704","url":null,"abstract":"There are few studies describing the adoption of electronic business-to-consumer (B2C) commerce in poor and developing countries, in that vein the purpose of this article is to examine which factors lead to electronic purchasing in Colombia. This study was conducted on a national level using an online survey, with a total of 941 responses from electronic commerce users. The results validated UTAUT2 model, with only the expected variables of effort and hedonistic motivations not being significant; additionally, online trust is positively affected by perceived security, information quality and perceived privacy. Finally, this analysis confirms that the relationships proposed in the theory of the adoption of online shopping in an emerging country are met, offering a detailed analysis of each of the variables that the online shopper considers; additionally, this article has validated that in Colombia, online shopping affects the search for low prices.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":"10 1","pages":"283-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijemr.2019.100704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42634780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10009593
A. Ahamat, M. S. S. Ali
We are now living in the era of technology and the use of e-commerce is increasing every day, which has become increasingly more important as most activities can be done by using e-commerce, thus aiding the business industry. The younger generation especially students nowadays spend hours on the internet. The aim of this research was to identify the preference criteria among Malaysian university students. It also identified the relationship between the independent variables (situational factors, trust and consumer trait) which were the preference criteria and the dependent variable (online shopping) among Malaysian university students. In this research, the preference criteria that drove them to shop online was analysed using the survey method distributed to 200 university students. The results of this research showed a strong correlation between online shopping and situational factors, a weak correlation between online shopping and trust, and a strong correlation between online shopping and consumer trait.
{"title":"Preference Criteria for Online Shopping among University Students","authors":"A. Ahamat, M. S. S. Ali","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10009593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10009593","url":null,"abstract":"We are now living in the era of technology and the use of e-commerce is increasing every day, which has become increasingly more important as most activities can be done by using e-commerce, thus aiding the business industry. The younger generation especially students nowadays spend hours on the internet. The aim of this research was to identify the preference criteria among Malaysian university students. It also identified the relationship between the independent variables (situational factors, trust and consumer trait) which were the preference criteria and the dependent variable (online shopping) among Malaysian university students. In this research, the preference criteria that drove them to shop online was analysed using the survey method distributed to 200 university students. The results of this research showed a strong correlation between online shopping and situational factors, a weak correlation between online shopping and trust, and a strong correlation between online shopping and consumer trait.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44438162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10021474
N. Salleh, N. C. Ha, P. Kitchen, A. Mohd‐Any
This paper examines the effect of web experience factors such as usability, interactivity, trust and aesthetics derived from flow theory on purchasing intention. From 360 questionnaires distributed, 300 responses were gathered. Using logistic regression analysis, results indicate that usability, interactivity and trust are positively and significantly associated with purchasing intention whereas aesthetics is not. It seems that online retailers should adopt a targeted aesthetics approach in developing a web store depending on the type of merchandise and the markets approached. As such, retailers can lure new customers, retain existing ones and improve their attitudes toward web stores.
{"title":"Online purchasing: the role of web experience factors","authors":"N. Salleh, N. C. Ha, P. Kitchen, A. Mohd‐Any","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10021474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10021474","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effect of web experience factors such as usability, interactivity, trust and aesthetics derived from flow theory on purchasing intention. From 360 questionnaires distributed, 300 responses were gathered. Using logistic regression analysis, results indicate that usability, interactivity and trust are positively and significantly associated with purchasing intention whereas aesthetics is not. It seems that online retailers should adopt a targeted aesthetics approach in developing a web store depending on the type of merchandise and the markets approached. As such, retailers can lure new customers, retain existing ones and improve their attitudes toward web stores.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41598288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-29DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10018832
N. Murugan, Jayanth Jacob
Despite rapid growth in the number of mobile internet users who shop using mobile applications, there has been very little research on mobile channels, in particular with mobile apps in the context of multi-channel retailing. While extant research focus on mobile touch points as single channel, the present study highlights the need for multi and omni-channel management that stress on the creation of retail branding for the acceptance of mobile apps. This study investigates the structural relationship between attitude towards the online retail brand, perceived tie, perceived ease of use, attitude and user behaviour towards mobile apps from pure online retailers who sell products through e-commerce site and mobile app. Based on the theory of planned behaviour, a research model and hypotheses depicting direct and indirect effects are proposed. An online survey was conducted among 221 respondents and the results of the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) showed that there is a strong support for the effect of brand attitude, perceived tie and perceived ease of use on the acceptance of mobile app.
{"title":"A brand view on the user acceptance of mobile apps: an evidence from India in the multi-channel context","authors":"N. Murugan, Jayanth Jacob","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10018832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10018832","url":null,"abstract":"Despite rapid growth in the number of mobile internet users who shop using mobile applications, there has been very little research on mobile channels, in particular with mobile apps in the context of multi-channel retailing. While extant research focus on mobile touch points as single channel, the present study highlights the need for multi and omni-channel management that stress on the creation of retail branding for the acceptance of mobile apps. This study investigates the structural relationship between attitude towards the online retail brand, perceived tie, perceived ease of use, attitude and user behaviour towards mobile apps from pure online retailers who sell products through e-commerce site and mobile app. Based on the theory of planned behaviour, a research model and hypotheses depicting direct and indirect effects are proposed. An online survey was conducted among 221 respondents and the results of the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) showed that there is a strong support for the effect of brand attitude, perceived tie and perceived ease of use on the acceptance of mobile app.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41625319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-29DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2019.098751
M. Mathur
Social media is all about consumer networks and consumer relations that challenge marketers to leverage social media as a means to develop and improve their connections with consumers. Though tremendous opportunities via social media are alluring, businesses are still finding it hard to penetrate the clique of consumer interactions that are largely personal in nature. Despite the opportunities available through social media marketing activities, understanding customers and their behaviour, and incorporating that information in marketing strategy formulation is critical to successful strategy implementation. Thus, this study focuses attention in this direction and advances both the academic as well the practitioner literature. Theoretically grounded in two different fields-the field of sociology in combination with the field of relationship marketing, this study develops a conceptual model of driving brand advocacy and reciprocity to improve customer-based brand equity. This study uses seemingly unrelated regression technique to empirically validate our conceptual model. This paper concludes with important implications for both marketing theory and practice.
{"title":"Building brand advocacy on social media to improve brand equity","authors":"M. Mathur","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2019.098751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2019.098751","url":null,"abstract":"Social media is all about consumer networks and consumer relations that challenge marketers to leverage social media as a means to develop and improve their connections with consumers. Though tremendous opportunities via social media are alluring, businesses are still finding it hard to penetrate the clique of consumer interactions that are largely personal in nature. Despite the opportunities available through social media marketing activities, understanding customers and their behaviour, and incorporating that information in marketing strategy formulation is critical to successful strategy implementation. Thus, this study focuses attention in this direction and advances both the academic as well the practitioner literature. Theoretically grounded in two different fields-the field of sociology in combination with the field of relationship marketing, this study develops a conceptual model of driving brand advocacy and reciprocity to improve customer-based brand equity. This study uses seemingly unrelated regression technique to empirically validate our conceptual model. This paper concludes with important implications for both marketing theory and practice.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJEMR.2019.098751","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44213329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-29DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10018834
K. Madan, Rajan Yadav
The rapid developments in the field of mobile technologies and deep penetration of smartphones have created tremendous opportunities for m-commerce worldwide. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that predict consumer's intention to adopt m-commerce. The study identifies variables relevant for m-commerce environment and empirically establishes their influence on m-commerce adoption intention. A two-stage analysis comprising of structural equation modelling (SEM) and neural network (NN) technique is employed to test the proposed model. The results obtained from SEM analysis observed that perceived risk is the strongest predictor of m-commerce adoption decision, followed by performance expectancy, variety of services and perceived critical mass. Effort expectancy is found to be statistically insignificant. The significant factors from SEM were used as inputs to NN model and the results established performance expectancy to be the most important input variable in predicting m-commerce adoption intention followed by variety of services, perceived risk and perceived critical mass. The findings of this study are useful for m-commerce marketers and service providers, in developing suitable marketing strategies to scale up their business. This study is one of the few empirical studies conducted in India to examine the adoption intention of m-commerce.
{"title":"A two-stage SEM-neural network analysis to predict drivers of m-commerce in India","authors":"K. Madan, Rajan Yadav","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10018834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2019.10018834","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid developments in the field of mobile technologies and deep penetration of smartphones have created tremendous opportunities for m-commerce worldwide. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that predict consumer's intention to adopt m-commerce. The study identifies variables relevant for m-commerce environment and empirically establishes their influence on m-commerce adoption intention. A two-stage analysis comprising of structural equation modelling (SEM) and neural network (NN) technique is employed to test the proposed model. The results obtained from SEM analysis observed that perceived risk is the strongest predictor of m-commerce adoption decision, followed by performance expectancy, variety of services and perceived critical mass. Effort expectancy is found to be statistically insignificant. The significant factors from SEM were used as inputs to NN model and the results established performance expectancy to be the most important input variable in predicting m-commerce adoption intention followed by variety of services, perceived risk and perceived critical mass. The findings of this study are useful for m-commerce marketers and service providers, in developing suitable marketing strategies to scale up their business. This study is one of the few empirical studies conducted in India to examine the adoption intention of m-commerce.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42982108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-29DOI: 10.1504/ijemr.2019.098753
Emad Abou-Elgheit
This paper examines the affect (emotional) and personality factors that impact consumers' trust, risk and intention to purchase in a social electronic commerce context. It is the first part of a broader study which examines the impact of different antecedents or types of trust and risk on consumers' intention to purchase online. The empirical findings discussed in this study offer novel insights for academic researchers and businesses on how trust is built and risk is perceived. The study argues that affect-based factors have stronger impacts on trust and intention to buy than personality. The study also shows that building trust and perceiving risk are different, yet interrelated processes. The study relies on the findings of a survey that was sponsored by three Egyptian electronic vendors. A sample of 599 online shoppers responded to the survey. Egypt is a significant emerging market for electronic commerce, which makes it representative for Middle East and North African markets.
{"title":"Affect-based and personality-based trust and risk in social commerce","authors":"Emad Abou-Elgheit","doi":"10.1504/ijemr.2019.098753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijemr.2019.098753","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the affect (emotional) and personality factors that impact consumers' trust, risk and intention to purchase in a social electronic commerce context. It is the first part of a broader study which examines the impact of different antecedents or types of trust and risk on consumers' intention to purchase online. The empirical findings discussed in this study offer novel insights for academic researchers and businesses on how trust is built and risk is perceived. The study argues that affect-based factors have stronger impacts on trust and intention to buy than personality. The study also shows that building trust and perceiving risk are different, yet interrelated processes. The study relies on the findings of a survey that was sponsored by three Egyptian electronic vendors. A sample of 599 online shoppers responded to the survey. Egypt is a significant emerging market for electronic commerce, which makes it representative for Middle East and North African markets.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijemr.2019.098753","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2018.10012152
C. Assimakopoulos, Eugenia Papaioannou, C. Sarmaniotis
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate users' expectation and perception levels towards service quality dimensions regarding PayPal. The discrepancy gap between buyers' expectation and perception throughout those dimensions is studied. The gaps, identified between expectations and perceived experience although positive, are short, meaning that perceived performance and expected performance are close to each other. This can be interpreted as a lack of impressive positive surprise by the website to the customers. On the other hand, customers really know what to expect from such a website which means that details make the difference. There is always room for improvement as customers' demands and competition are ever increasing. The seller's perceptions and expectations to the PayPal remain untested and this could be considered as a limitation. The paper's results contribute towards improving the provided services of PayPal and of other similar companies, as well.
{"title":"Service quality of online transactions: the PayPal case","authors":"C. Assimakopoulos, Eugenia Papaioannou, C. Sarmaniotis","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2018.10012152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2018.10012152","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this paper is to investigate users' expectation and perception levels towards service quality dimensions regarding PayPal. The discrepancy gap between buyers' expectation and perception throughout those dimensions is studied. The gaps, identified between expectations and perceived experience although positive, are short, meaning that perceived performance and expected performance are close to each other. This can be interpreted as a lack of impressive positive surprise by the website to the customers. On the other hand, customers really know what to expect from such a website which means that details make the difference. There is always room for improvement as customers' demands and competition are ever increasing. The seller's perceptions and expectations to the PayPal remain untested and this could be considered as a limitation. The paper's results contribute towards improving the provided services of PayPal and of other similar companies, as well.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":"9 1","pages":"378-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44447168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2018.10012150
Davide Di Fatta, David Diwei Lu
Online retailers invest significant resource to improve conversion rates, defined as the proportion of website visitors that make a purchase. Using 1,184 observations from six e-commerce websites, this paper aims to analyse conversion rate determinants, also considering moderation effects of seasonality and webpage speed of load. Results show that free shipping and discounts policy have a positive effect on the conversion rate, moderated by seasonality and load speed. These finding could be useful guidelines for e-commerce managers in order to allocate their limited resources to the most relevant factor to increase online sales.
{"title":"Conversion rate determinants in e-commerce websites. What about moderation effects?","authors":"Davide Di Fatta, David Diwei Lu","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2018.10012150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2018.10012150","url":null,"abstract":"Online retailers invest significant resource to improve conversion rates, defined as the proportion of website visitors that make a purchase. Using 1,184 observations from six e-commerce websites, this paper aims to analyse conversion rate determinants, also considering moderation effects of seasonality and webpage speed of load. Results show that free shipping and discounts policy have a positive effect on the conversion rate, moderated by seasonality and load speed. These finding could be useful guidelines for e-commerce managers in order to allocate their limited resources to the most relevant factor to increase online sales.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":"9 1","pages":"366-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41500142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1504/IJEMR.2018.094985
Sarah M. Stanley, Cassandra C. Elrod, Nathan W. Twyman, Cui Zou
Given the growth in use and capabilities of mobile devices, the mobile commerce (m-commerce) market is also continuing to grow and become more sophisticated. Studies exploring the results of m-commerce using mobile devices, however, have traditionally been done in a stationary setting. This exploratory study seeks to examine how m-commerce is impacted by the use of mobile devices in a stationary versus a walking setting. Treadmill desks were used to replicate mobile shopping while using mobile devices and then compared the results with the same task completed on mobile devices in a stationary manner. Results indicate that shopping while walking increases the time it takes to complete the shopping task but not the dollar amount spent for the product in question.
{"title":"Shopping on the go: how walking influences mobile shopping performance","authors":"Sarah M. Stanley, Cassandra C. Elrod, Nathan W. Twyman, Cui Zou","doi":"10.1504/IJEMR.2018.094985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2018.094985","url":null,"abstract":"Given the growth in use and capabilities of mobile devices, the mobile commerce (m-commerce) market is also continuing to grow and become more sophisticated. Studies exploring the results of m-commerce using mobile devices, however, have traditionally been done in a stationary setting. This exploratory study seeks to examine how m-commerce is impacted by the use of mobile devices in a stationary versus a walking setting. Treadmill desks were used to replicate mobile shopping while using mobile devices and then compared the results with the same task completed on mobile devices in a stationary manner. Results indicate that shopping while walking increases the time it takes to complete the shopping task but not the dollar amount spent for the product in question.","PeriodicalId":35056,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing","volume":"9 1","pages":"307-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJEMR.2018.094985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46892535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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