Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.3.1.0032
None Chioma I. Awuzie
This study attempted a proximate comparison of fresh and fermented palm wine to determine the percentage of their nutritional values. It used AOAC Guidelines for Single-Laboratory Validation of Chemical Methods for Dietary Supplements and Botanicals (current edition) Official Methods of Analysis. The physiochemical proximate analysis showed that fresh palm wine contains carbohydrate (1.21%), protein (0.588%), moisture content (94.99%), ash (2.00%), fat (0.90%), crude fibre (0.32%) and little amount of alcohol content of 28.00%). While the analysis showed that fermented palm wine contains moisture contents (92.00%), ash content (2.00%), protein (0.32%), fat (0.100%, carbohydrate (4.92%), fibre (0.66%). The key findings of the study showed that fresh palm wine is rich in protein, which has reduced alcohol contents. The paper thus surmised consumption of freshly tapped palm wine is good. Hence, submits that it is advisable to take palm wine when it is freshly tapped. The paper also encouraged mechanization of the tapping process to enable the youths participate.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of properties of fresh and fermented palm wine","authors":"None Chioma I. Awuzie","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.3.1.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.3.1.0032","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempted a proximate comparison of fresh and fermented palm wine to determine the percentage of their nutritional values. It used AOAC Guidelines for Single-Laboratory Validation of Chemical Methods for Dietary Supplements and Botanicals (current edition) Official Methods of Analysis. The physiochemical proximate analysis showed that fresh palm wine contains carbohydrate (1.21%), protein (0.588%), moisture content (94.99%), ash (2.00%), fat (0.90%), crude fibre (0.32%) and little amount of alcohol content of 28.00%). While the analysis showed that fermented palm wine contains moisture contents (92.00%), ash content (2.00%), protein (0.32%), fat (0.100%, carbohydrate (4.92%), fibre (0.66%). The key findings of the study showed that fresh palm wine is rich in protein, which has reduced alcohol contents. The paper thus surmised consumption of freshly tapped palm wine is good. Hence, submits that it is advisable to take palm wine when it is freshly tapped. The paper also encouraged mechanization of the tapping process to enable the youths participate.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.3.1.0031
Francisco Sánchez Viesca, Reina Gómez Gómez
The artificial sweetener Dulcin has been detected by reaction with mercury nitrate (Jorissen test), with silver nitrate or with mercury chloride (Ruggeri test). With these reagents a violet colour is developed. Since there are few violet organic compounds, and these exhibit structures more complex than the expected one from Dulcin, it was pertinent direct the attention in order to clear up the chemistry involved in these assays. The reagents employed have reducible cations; thus, there must be oxidations via electron transfer. However, the Dulcin molecule does not show an adequate site for this type of reaction. Nevertheless, hydrolysis of the ureido chain in Dulcin gives 1,4-phenetidine which is suitable for electron transfer. This way organic radical cations similar to the violet Wurster’s salts can be formed. These compounds are in resonance with quinonoid structures. The sui generis hydrolysis of the ureido chain is commented. This reaction and the degradation of the companion isocyanic acid occur via zwitterions.
{"title":"On Dulcin detection by electron transfer","authors":"Francisco Sánchez Viesca, Reina Gómez Gómez","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.3.1.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.3.1.0031","url":null,"abstract":"The artificial sweetener Dulcin has been detected by reaction with mercury nitrate (Jorissen test), with silver nitrate or with mercury chloride (Ruggeri test). With these reagents a violet colour is developed. Since there are few violet organic compounds, and these exhibit structures more complex than the expected one from Dulcin, it was pertinent direct the attention in order to clear up the chemistry involved in these assays. The reagents employed have reducible cations; thus, there must be oxidations via electron transfer. However, the Dulcin molecule does not show an adequate site for this type of reaction. Nevertheless, hydrolysis of the ureido chain in Dulcin gives 1,4-phenetidine which is suitable for electron transfer. This way organic radical cations similar to the violet Wurster’s salts can be formed. These compounds are in resonance with quinonoid structures. The sui generis hydrolysis of the ureido chain is commented. This reaction and the degradation of the companion isocyanic acid occur via zwitterions.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129772977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.2.0027
Francisco Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez
The Archetti colour test is based on the reduction of ferricyanide ions to ferrocyanide, giving Prussian blue. However, the oxidation sequence of reactions that take in the organic molecule has not been described. Some electroanalytical experiments on the oxidation of caffeine have been done but the results have not been adequately interpreted. Besides, they are incomplete since only the redox reactions can be detected, but not the isomerization and degradation path. In the present communication the complete oxidation route of caffeine is given, as well as the electron flow in each step. It involves hydration of the imino group and oxidation to 1,3,7-trimethyl-uric acid, formation of radical ion at C-9, interaction with the C─C double bond, aziridinone formation, carbon monoxide extrusion, carbonium ion neutralization, imine acidolysis, isomerization of carbinolamine and hydrolysis to the end products.
{"title":"On the chemistry of the Archetti test for caffeine and uric acid","authors":"Francisco Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.2.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.2.0027","url":null,"abstract":"The Archetti colour test is based on the reduction of ferricyanide ions to ferrocyanide, giving Prussian blue. However, the oxidation sequence of reactions that take in the organic molecule has not been described. Some electroanalytical experiments on the oxidation of caffeine have been done but the results have not been adequately interpreted. Besides, they are incomplete since only the redox reactions can be detected, but not the isomerization and degradation path. In the present communication the complete oxidation route of caffeine is given, as well as the electron flow in each step. It involves hydration of the imino group and oxidation to 1,3,7-trimethyl-uric acid, formation of radical ion at C-9, interaction with the C─C double bond, aziridinone formation, carbon monoxide extrusion, carbonium ion neutralization, imine acidolysis, isomerization of carbinolamine and hydrolysis to the end products.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131170722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0016
Francisco Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez
The mechanism of the interaction of uric acid with sodium tungstate in phosphoric acid (Folin test) is described. This insight involves the following steps: addition of tungstic acid to the carbon-carbon double bond in uric acid. Protolysis of the organometallic ester gives rise to dihydroxyoxotungsten and an epoxide, via a concerted mechanism. Acid catalyzed ring opening of the oxirane produces a vicinal diol via reaction of the intermediate carbocation with water. Isomerization of the resulting carbinolamide groups is enhanced by the resonance of the ureido group. Breaking of the second carbinolamide gives urea and alloxan, 5-ketobarbituric acid hydrate. Uric acid oxidation in strong acidic medium like phosphoric acid produces alloxan, whereas oxidation in alkaline, neutral, or slightly acidic medium, gives allantoin.
{"title":"On the mechanism of the Folin test for uric aci","authors":"Francisco Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0016","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanism of the interaction of uric acid with sodium tungstate in phosphoric acid (Folin test) is described. This insight involves the following steps: addition of tungstic acid to the carbon-carbon double bond in uric acid. Protolysis of the organometallic ester gives rise to dihydroxyoxotungsten and an epoxide, via a concerted mechanism. Acid catalyzed ring opening of the oxirane produces a vicinal diol via reaction of the intermediate carbocation with water. Isomerization of the resulting carbinolamide groups is enhanced by the resonance of the ureido group. Breaking of the second carbinolamide gives urea and alloxan, 5-ketobarbituric acid hydrate. Uric acid oxidation in strong acidic medium like phosphoric acid produces alloxan, whereas oxidation in alkaline, neutral, or slightly acidic medium, gives allantoin.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116359721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0037
Totok Hendarto, Didik Budiyanto
Microwave assisted extraction is an environmentally friendly extraction method, which has been used to extract tannins from mangrove waste. Tannin is a natural dye which is easily oxidized, easily degraded and the color fades easily. To increase its color retention, tannin was encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticle. This study aims to determine the effect of volume tween 80 on particle size and physical and chemical characteristics of tannin extract from mangroves encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticle. The encapsulated tannin extract particle size was measured by Particle Size Analyzer and characterized by FTIR, SEM. The test results showed that the average particle diameter of the encapsulated tannin extract was in the range of 192.37 nm with a PDI of 0.1660 which was obtained by adding 0.5 mL of Tween 80. Encapsulation efficiency reaches 78.1%. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of a cross-linked C=N stretching absorption band at wave number 1643.35 cm-1 in nano encapsulation of tannin extract.. The color fastness test of cotton cloth in hot water has a value of ΔE = 3, which means that the color fastness is moderate.
{"title":"Enhancing the light fastness of tannin from mangrove waste by encapsulation with chitosan nanoparticle","authors":"Totok Hendarto, Didik Budiyanto","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave assisted extraction is an environmentally friendly extraction method, which has been used to extract tannins from mangrove waste. Tannin is a natural dye which is easily oxidized, easily degraded and the color fades easily. To increase its color retention, tannin was encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticle. This study aims to determine the effect of volume tween 80 on particle size and physical and chemical characteristics of tannin extract from mangroves encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticle. The encapsulated tannin extract particle size was measured by Particle Size Analyzer and characterized by FTIR, SEM. The test results showed that the average particle diameter of the encapsulated tannin extract was in the range of 192.37 nm with a PDI of 0.1660 which was obtained by adding 0.5 mL of Tween 80. Encapsulation efficiency reaches 78.1%. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of a cross-linked C=N stretching absorption band at wave number 1643.35 cm-1 in nano encapsulation of tannin extract.. The color fastness test of cotton cloth in hot water has a value of ΔE = 3, which means that the color fastness is moderate.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125676999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0014
F. Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez
Mecke colour test is an official assay for opioids, either for opium or for purified compounds. It employs a solution of selenious acid in sulphuric acid. However, organoselenium chemistry was misunderstood for many years. The reaction mechanism involving selenium (IV) compounds was explained by way of electron back donation, which is a theoretical contravention. In this communication we provide the reactions that take place during this test. Each step is fully commented and the electron flow is given. The reaction proceeds by way of an enol selenite. Acidolysis gives rise to a reduced selenium (II) intermediate and an activated ketone at C-2, that is, a redox reaction with polarity inversion. Addition of selenious acid and further electron shifts affords morphine ortho-quinone and elemental selenium.
{"title":"The mechanism of Mecke’s test for opioids","authors":"F. Sánchez-Viesca, Reina Gómez","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Mecke colour test is an official assay for opioids, either for opium or for purified compounds. It employs a solution of selenious acid in sulphuric acid. However, organoselenium chemistry was misunderstood for many years. The reaction mechanism involving selenium (IV) compounds was explained by way of electron back donation, which is a theoretical contravention. In this communication we provide the reactions that take place during this test. Each step is fully commented and the electron flow is given. The reaction proceeds by way of an enol selenite. Acidolysis gives rise to a reduced selenium (II) intermediate and an activated ketone at C-2, that is, a redox reaction with polarity inversion. Addition of selenious acid and further electron shifts affords morphine ortho-quinone and elemental selenium.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131508506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0032
Naoto Furusawa
The author introduces a small-scale, time shortening, economical sample preparation with water eluent followed by an isocratic water phase HPLC system for quantifying melamine in cow’s milk. Sample preparation is achieved by homogenization using a handheld ultrasonic-homogenizer with water followed by MonoTipⓇC18 pipette tip contains silica monolith bonded with octadecyl group with water eluent. For determination and identification of analyte, the HPLC uses an analytical C18 column, an isocratic 100% water, and a photo-diode array detector. The procedure, performed under a 100% water conditions, uses no organic solvents and poisonous reagents at all and is, therefore, harmless to both humans and the environment. The method validation data were well within the international method acceptance criteria. The total analytical time and quantitation limit were < 6 min/sample and 0.24 μg/mL, respectively. The present technique may be proposed as an international harmonized analytical method for routine residue monitoring for melamine in milk.
{"title":"Pipetting sample preparation with water eluent followed by water mobile phase HPLC analysis for residual monitoring of melamine in milk","authors":"Naoto Furusawa","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0032","url":null,"abstract":"The author introduces a small-scale, time shortening, economical sample preparation with water eluent followed by an isocratic water phase HPLC system for quantifying melamine in cow’s milk. Sample preparation is achieved by homogenization using a handheld ultrasonic-homogenizer with water followed by MonoTipⓇC18 pipette tip contains silica monolith bonded with octadecyl group with water eluent. For determination and identification of analyte, the HPLC uses an analytical C18 column, an isocratic 100% water, and a photo-diode array detector. The procedure, performed under a 100% water conditions, uses no organic solvents and poisonous reagents at all and is, therefore, harmless to both humans and the environment. The method validation data were well within the international method acceptance criteria. The total analytical time and quantitation limit were < 6 min/sample and 0.24 μg/mL, respectively. The present technique may be proposed as an international harmonized analytical method for routine residue monitoring for melamine in milk.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114778647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Galena is a potential source of lead (Pb), which has many used for lead batteries. Indonesia is a country with potential sources of galena mineral. This investigation showed Pb extraction of 0.274 % using acetic acid leaching method with 1.0 M acetic acid at 50oC from galena concentrate. This study showed remarkable enhancement of Pb extraction until 8.96 % applying electrodeposition method using 1.0 M acetic acid at 50oC. Varied acetic acid concentrations were applied for 1.0 M, 3.0 M, 5.0 M, and 7.0 M and varied temperatures were applied in this study for 50 °C, 65 °C, and 80 °C. The percentage of Pb extraction showed a consistency with the reduction of % Pb extraction with increasing acid concentrations and increasing temperatures. This findings is assumed to be related to exothermic PbS dissolution shifted to decreasing Pb(II) ion concentration and ion pair formation retarding Pb dissolution. The percentage of Pb from leaching process was determined by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer), while the percentage of Pb by electrodeposition method was determined from quantity of Pb deposit on cathode of an electrochemical cell. This investigation shows a significant breakthrough for enhancement of Pb recovery from galena mineral.
{"title":"The study of acid leaching and electrodeposition method to enhance Pb recovery from galena concentrate","authors":"Wiwik Dahani, Rita Sundari, Subandrio Somali, Irfan Marwanza, Ebram Fatkhulian Ayungray","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2023.2.1.0036","url":null,"abstract":"Galena is a potential source of lead (Pb), which has many used for lead batteries. Indonesia is a country with potential sources of galena mineral. This investigation showed Pb extraction of 0.274 % using acetic acid leaching method with 1.0 M acetic acid at 50oC from galena concentrate. This study showed remarkable enhancement of Pb extraction until 8.96 % applying electrodeposition method using 1.0 M acetic acid at 50oC. Varied acetic acid concentrations were applied for 1.0 M, 3.0 M, 5.0 M, and 7.0 M and varied temperatures were applied in this study for 50 °C, 65 °C, and 80 °C. The percentage of Pb extraction showed a consistency with the reduction of % Pb extraction with increasing acid concentrations and increasing temperatures. This findings is assumed to be related to exothermic PbS dissolution shifted to decreasing Pb(II) ion concentration and ion pair formation retarding Pb dissolution. The percentage of Pb from leaching process was determined by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer), while the percentage of Pb by electrodeposition method was determined from quantity of Pb deposit on cathode of an electrochemical cell. This investigation shows a significant breakthrough for enhancement of Pb recovery from galena mineral.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133142159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2022.1.2.0034
R Mrutyunjaya Rao, CSP Sastry
One simple and sensitive procedure (simple spectrophotometric method) for the assay of drug Terbinafine HCl in pure form and formulations. This method involves the formation of ion-association complex between TRB and the TPOOO, NB12BR and WFB. In order to establish the optimum conditions necessary for rapid and quantitative formation of coloured product with maximum stability and sensitivity, the author performed experiments by measuring the absorbance at λmax 480nm,420nm and580nm of respective series of solutions, varying one and fixing the other parameters in each case such as type, volume and concentration of acid, organic solvent used for extraction, ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase during extraction, shaking time and temperature. The variable parameters were optimized. The results were statistically validated.
{"title":"Estimation of terbinafine HCL by spectophotometric analysis with Tpooo, Nb12br and WFB","authors":"R Mrutyunjaya Rao, CSP Sastry","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2022.1.2.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2022.1.2.0034","url":null,"abstract":"One simple and sensitive procedure (simple spectrophotometric method) for the assay of drug Terbinafine HCl in pure form and formulations. This method involves the formation of ion-association complex between TRB and the TPOOO, NB12BR and WFB. In order to establish the optimum conditions necessary for rapid and quantitative formation of coloured product with maximum stability and sensitivity, the author performed experiments by measuring the absorbance at λmax 480nm,420nm and580nm of respective series of solutions, varying one and fixing the other parameters in each case such as type, volume and concentration of acid, organic solvent used for extraction, ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase during extraction, shaking time and temperature. The variable parameters were optimized. The results were statistically validated.","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134302302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.53346/wjcps.2022.1.2.0031
Gibrel salah Eldiabani
This study was conducted in Derna, Libya. Due to the failure of the local authorities in the city to dispose of the remnants of the houses, the residents resorted to burning them due to the spread of unpleasant odors and flying insects. Since these wastes contain different sizes of empty plastic containers and the remains of detergent boxes, household insecticides and others, the air pollution with organic compounds as a result of smoke resulting from the burning process is very likely, and the Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA) has set the permissible limit of use of these compounds in atmospheric air should not exceed 0.2 mgm-3. The important six sites for the incineration of garbage in the city were chosen to collect the air produced by the burning. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) used to determine the polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results from studying polluted air at these sites showed the presence of the following PAHs compounds: Fluorene – Fluoranthene- Pyrene- chrysene – Naphthalene- Anthracene, with concentrations that exceeded the permissible limits according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
{"title":"Concentrations of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons compounds in the air emissions from burning of garbage, Derna, Libya","authors":"Gibrel salah Eldiabani","doi":"10.53346/wjcps.2022.1.2.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53346/wjcps.2022.1.2.0031","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in Derna, Libya. Due to the failure of the local authorities in the city to dispose of the remnants of the houses, the residents resorted to burning them due to the spread of unpleasant odors and flying insects. Since these wastes contain different sizes of empty plastic containers and the remains of detergent boxes, household insecticides and others, the air pollution with organic compounds as a result of smoke resulting from the burning process is very likely, and the Occupational Safety and Health Association (OSHA) has set the permissible limit of use of these compounds in atmospheric air should not exceed 0.2 mgm-3. The important six sites for the incineration of garbage in the city were chosen to collect the air produced by the burning. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) used to determine the polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results from studying polluted air at these sites showed the presence of the following PAHs compounds: Fluorene – Fluoranthene- Pyrene- chrysene – Naphthalene- Anthracene, with concentrations that exceeded the permissible limits according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).","PeriodicalId":350635,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129498854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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