D. Goedicke, Harald Haraldsson, Navit Klein, Lunshi Zhou, A. Parush, Wendy Ju
Rerun is a software system to support post-facto analysis of driving simulation research. It is built in Unity 3D, and captures virtual driving behavior so that it can be played back. A unique feature of Rerun is that the playback can be rendered from any perspective in the virtual space. This is useful in multi-person interaction studies because researchers can examine scenarios from each participant’s perspective, or even from an outside observer’s perspective. This enables fine-grained understanding of implicit and explicit signalling between participants, enabling research to reconstruct what factors are pertinent to driving communication.
{"title":"Rerun: Enabling Multi-Perspective Analysis of Driving Interaction in VR","authors":"D. Goedicke, Harald Haraldsson, Navit Klein, Lunshi Zhou, A. Parush, Wendy Ju","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3550155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3550155","url":null,"abstract":"Rerun is a software system to support post-facto analysis of driving simulation research. It is built in Unity 3D, and captures virtual driving behavior so that it can be played back. A unique feature of Rerun is that the playback can be rendered from any perspective in the virtual space. This is useful in multi-person interaction studies because researchers can examine scenarios from each participant’s perspective, or even from an outside observer’s perspective. This enables fine-grained understanding of implicit and explicit signalling between participants, enabling research to reconstruct what factors are pertinent to driving communication.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115506975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this poster, we investigate novel user-centered methods and techniques for cross-virtuality user journeys for designing in-vehicle experiences. We argue that rapid prototyping of automotive human-machine interfaces (HMIs) can be achieved with mixed reality technology along the reality-virtuality (RV) continuum. For example, standalone virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) coupled with hand-worn controllers can be utilized to prototype AR interfaces such as windshield displays (WSDs) in order to facilitate an increased level of visual and spatial perception. Subsequently, the prototyped design in VR could be transferred to an AR interface (e.g., using an AR HMD) for further refinements in real-world settings. We believe that transitional interfaces in the automotive domain have the potential to fundamentally improve the design and development of novel in-vehicle visualization and interaction modalities, as well as to enhance user-centered and non-driving related collaborative activities for automated vehicles.
{"title":"In-Vehicle Transitional Interfaces: User Journey in Virtual Reality","authors":"Andreas Riegler, Ye Eun Song, A. Riener","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3552317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552317","url":null,"abstract":"In this poster, we investigate novel user-centered methods and techniques for cross-virtuality user journeys for designing in-vehicle experiences. We argue that rapid prototyping of automotive human-machine interfaces (HMIs) can be achieved with mixed reality technology along the reality-virtuality (RV) continuum. For example, standalone virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) coupled with hand-worn controllers can be utilized to prototype AR interfaces such as windshield displays (WSDs) in order to facilitate an increased level of visual and spatial perception. Subsequently, the prototyped design in VR could be transferred to an AR interface (e.g., using an AR HMD) for further refinements in real-world settings. We believe that transitional interfaces in the automotive domain have the potential to fundamentally improve the design and development of novel in-vehicle visualization and interaction modalities, as well as to enhance user-centered and non-driving related collaborative activities for automated vehicles.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128665726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yannick Forster, Susanne Daexl, Denise Sogemeier, Sebastian Hergeth, Andreas Keinath
External factors of human-machine interaction (e.g., brand reputation) can influence user studies. This study investigates the impact of brand reputation on the evaluation of human-machine interfaces (HMI). A developmental cooperation between two manufacturers created the unique opportunity to evaluate the same HMI in two different vehicles. In a 2x2 between-subjects design, N = 60 participants completed a set of use cases with the infotainment system in a vehicle of one brand. Additionally, a brand-neutral environment was created as a baseline (condition visibility). Usability and user experience operationalized with the System Usability Scale and the meCUE questionnaire served as measures to evaluate the HMI. Results revealed no main effects of brand nor visibility. Additional regressions of attitude measures and a brand reputation questionnaire, however, revealed relationships between reputation and hedonic measures. The results point towards the robustness of usability measures and potential susceptibility of hedonic measures.
{"title":"How Manufacturer Brand Reputation Influences Evaluation of Human-Machine Interfaces: A User Study","authors":"Yannick Forster, Susanne Daexl, Denise Sogemeier, Sebastian Hergeth, Andreas Keinath","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3554785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3554785","url":null,"abstract":"External factors of human-machine interaction (e.g., brand reputation) can influence user studies. This study investigates the impact of brand reputation on the evaluation of human-machine interfaces (HMI). A developmental cooperation between two manufacturers created the unique opportunity to evaluate the same HMI in two different vehicles. In a 2x2 between-subjects design, N = 60 participants completed a set of use cases with the infotainment system in a vehicle of one brand. Additionally, a brand-neutral environment was created as a baseline (condition visibility). Usability and user experience operationalized with the System Usability Scale and the meCUE questionnaire served as measures to evaluate the HMI. Results revealed no main effects of brand nor visibility. Additional regressions of attitude measures and a brand reputation questionnaire, however, revealed relationships between reputation and hedonic measures. The results point towards the robustness of usability measures and potential susceptibility of hedonic measures.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117032793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vivien Wallner, Alexander G. Mirnig, Magdalena Gärtner, Alexander Meschtscherjakov
Increased automation in public transportation bears the potential of a decreased human component when interacting with them. One possibility to include this human component might be through the use of chat-like interaction. In this paper, we investigated the effects of a chat-interface in a ticket booking app for automated shuttles. We report the results from a laboratory study, in which we compared two app designs, one with and one without a chat-interface. We found that, contrary to what we had expected based on the literature, there was no difference regarding productivity between the two. We observed a generally negative effect of the presence of a chat-interface, suggesting a slight preference towards no chat-interface overall. This suggests less suitability of such interfaces, at least for the ticket booking process, for automated public shuttles.
{"title":"Chatting up an Automated Vehicle: Does a Text-based Chatbot Bring Back the Human Element into the Travel Experience?","authors":"Vivien Wallner, Alexander G. Mirnig, Magdalena Gärtner, Alexander Meschtscherjakov","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3552323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552323","url":null,"abstract":"Increased automation in public transportation bears the potential of a decreased human component when interacting with them. One possibility to include this human component might be through the use of chat-like interaction. In this paper, we investigated the effects of a chat-interface in a ticket booking app for automated shuttles. We report the results from a laboratory study, in which we compared two app designs, one with and one without a chat-interface. We found that, contrary to what we had expected based on the literature, there was no difference regarding productivity between the two. We observed a generally negative effect of the presence of a chat-interface, suggesting a slight preference towards no chat-interface overall. This suggests less suitability of such interfaces, at least for the ticket booking process, for automated public shuttles.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131963764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Mörtl, N. Ebinger, Cyril Marx, Sandra Trösterer
Vehicles offering conditional automated driving (SAE Level 3 [1]) are now becoming available worldwide. At this automated driving level, it is possible for drivers to engage in non-driving related activities while the vehicle takes over all lateral and longitudinal maneuvers. However, drivers must remain fallback ready to reengage control when requested to do so by the vehicle. Human factors research in automation has for a long time established that it is difficult for drivers, who are out-of-the-loop, to quickly, effectively, and safely re-engage in the driving task. This video submission presents two methods to increase the acceptability and safety of automated driving at SAE level 3. These methods were developed in the EU Horizon 2020 project HADRIAN (Holistic Approach for Driver Role Integration and Automation Allocation for European Mobility Needs; https://hadrianproject.eu/). The first method makes the duration of SAE L3 drives more predictable and expectable to the driver by displaying the duration. Duration information is received by road infrastructure messages that are sent to the vehicle. Also, the amount of time that a driver has to reengage manual control after driving at SAE L3 is predicted and displayed to the driver. The second method provides the driver with various types of learning information and feedback to help improve the driver's skills in handling the automated vehicle. Detailed analyses describing the impact of these methods are currently under investigation and will be reported soon.
{"title":"Two Methods to Bring Drivers Back Better into the Loop after Automated Driving at SAE Level 3","authors":"P. Mörtl, N. Ebinger, Cyril Marx, Sandra Trösterer","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3551500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3551500","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicles offering conditional automated driving (SAE Level 3 [1]) are now becoming available worldwide. At this automated driving level, it is possible for drivers to engage in non-driving related activities while the vehicle takes over all lateral and longitudinal maneuvers. However, drivers must remain fallback ready to reengage control when requested to do so by the vehicle. Human factors research in automation has for a long time established that it is difficult for drivers, who are out-of-the-loop, to quickly, effectively, and safely re-engage in the driving task. This video submission presents two methods to increase the acceptability and safety of automated driving at SAE level 3. These methods were developed in the EU Horizon 2020 project HADRIAN (Holistic Approach for Driver Role Integration and Automation Allocation for European Mobility Needs; https://hadrianproject.eu/). The first method makes the duration of SAE L3 drives more predictable and expectable to the driver by displaying the duration. Duration information is received by road infrastructure messages that are sent to the vehicle. Also, the amount of time that a driver has to reengage manual control after driving at SAE L3 is predicted and displayed to the driver. The second method provides the driver with various types of learning information and feedback to help improve the driver's skills in handling the automated vehicle. Detailed analyses describing the impact of these methods are currently under investigation and will be reported soon.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130945321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Automated driving systems today cannot ensure that drivers can be completely liberated from the driving task. In this condition, Driver Monitoring System (DMS) through non-driving tasks could be necessary to ensure alertness and availability during highly automated driving. How to identify and alert by DMS in Shared Autonomy Era is virtually worth researching in the field of Human Machine Interface. By understanding different types of drivers and drivers' different states on their response time when they perceive DMS or take over alert. Further sort out the factors that affect the response time of drivers, and then output suggestions with different levels of alerts through the comprehensive judgment of the system to help carmakers develop more flexible and humanized human-computer interaction principles.
{"title":"How Driver Monitoring System Effectively Alerts Drivers of Partially Automated Vehicles","authors":"Wen Jiang, Xiaojun Luo, Jifang Wang","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3552316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552316","url":null,"abstract":"Automated driving systems today cannot ensure that drivers can be completely liberated from the driving task. In this condition, Driver Monitoring System (DMS) through non-driving tasks could be necessary to ensure alertness and availability during highly automated driving. How to identify and alert by DMS in Shared Autonomy Era is virtually worth researching in the field of Human Machine Interface. By understanding different types of drivers and drivers' different states on their response time when they perceive DMS or take over alert. Further sort out the factors that affect the response time of drivers, and then output suggestions with different levels of alerts through the comprehensive judgment of the system to help carmakers develop more flexible and humanized human-computer interaction principles.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133048652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
How Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and cyclists will interact in shared traffic is largely unexplored but is key to ensuring safety when these new vehicles join our roads. We report the results of an online survey (n=383) designed to understand current cyclist-driver interactions as a starting point to inform how AVs should behave around riders. We asked cyclists to identify cyclist-driver interaction techniques and scenarios and self-report their understanding of AVs. We found that cyclists rely mainly on eye contact and hand gestures to exchange awareness, intent and appreciation with drivers. Therefore, AVs must recognise and respond appropriately to such cues. We also found that cyclists have a higher perceived risk in scenarios with little traffic control, such as lane merging. Riders did not know enough about AVs to reach a consensus concerning their impact on cyclist behaviour. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings on AV interaction design.
{"title":"Tour de Interaction: Understanding Cyclist-Driver Interaction with Self-Reported Cyclist Behaviour","authors":"Ammar Al-Taie, F. Pollick, S. Brewster","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3552531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552531","url":null,"abstract":"How Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and cyclists will interact in shared traffic is largely unexplored but is key to ensuring safety when these new vehicles join our roads. We report the results of an online survey (n=383) designed to understand current cyclist-driver interactions as a starting point to inform how AVs should behave around riders. We asked cyclists to identify cyclist-driver interaction techniques and scenarios and self-report their understanding of AVs. We found that cyclists rely mainly on eye contact and hand gestures to exchange awareness, intent and appreciation with drivers. Therefore, AVs must recognise and respond appropriately to such cues. We also found that cyclists have a higher perceived risk in scenarios with little traffic control, such as lane merging. Riders did not know enough about AVs to reach a consensus concerning their impact on cyclist behaviour. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings on AV interaction design.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133578755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Hong, Sangyeon Kim, Gyewon Jeon, Sanghyeok Boo, Jeongmin Jo, Jieun Park, Seoyoon Jung, Jiwon Park, Sangwon Lee
This study aims to preliminarily investigate the explanatory effects of elaborated multimodal feedback compared to the current feedback system in takeover transition. In this study, a scenario-based experiment was conducted with ten participants using a driving simulator, and a semi-structured interview with all participants followed. We compared the driver's behavioral and affective aspects under the current and the multimodal feedback systems. The scenario includes five different situations in the combination of two types of takeover transition, suggestion and request, and three urgency-based situations such as constructions, obstacle emergence, and highway exit-entry. The results demonstrated the significant effects of multimodal feedback in that it shortened the drivers’ response time in takeover transition and helped manage their perceived annoyance and urgency when requesting a takeover transition. This study has theoretical and practical implications in designing multimodal feedback to encourage natural takeover transition under various situations.
{"title":"A Preliminary Study of Multimodal Feedback Interfaces in Takeover Transition of Semi-Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"J. Hong, Sangyeon Kim, Gyewon Jeon, Sanghyeok Boo, Jeongmin Jo, Jieun Park, Seoyoon Jung, Jiwon Park, Sangwon Lee","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3554783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3554783","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to preliminarily investigate the explanatory effects of elaborated multimodal feedback compared to the current feedback system in takeover transition. In this study, a scenario-based experiment was conducted with ten participants using a driving simulator, and a semi-structured interview with all participants followed. We compared the driver's behavioral and affective aspects under the current and the multimodal feedback systems. The scenario includes five different situations in the combination of two types of takeover transition, suggestion and request, and three urgency-based situations such as constructions, obstacle emergence, and highway exit-entry. The results demonstrated the significant effects of multimodal feedback in that it shortened the drivers’ response time in takeover transition and helped manage their perceived annoyance and urgency when requesting a takeover transition. This study has theoretical and practical implications in designing multimodal feedback to encourage natural takeover transition under various situations.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125760674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With semi-automated vehicles, drivers are still required to be ready to intervene upon a takeover request (TOR) and face the difficulty of achieving their optimal performance level directly after a passive phase. In this work, we examine the effects of using Extended Reality (XR) interface to assist drivers for taking over and in the first seconds of controlling the vehicle. We focus on developing a lane detection algorithm to keep the vehicles follow the ego lanes. We present a prototype of an Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) assistance system realized on a simulated environment. In a user study, we compare mixed reality with augmented reality display and present results on response time to take over request and found AR is significantly better than MR interfaces.
{"title":"Exploring the Use of XR Interfaces for Driver Assistance in Take Over Request","authors":"Abhishek Mukhopadhyay, Vinay Krishna Sharma, Prashant Tatyarao Gaikwad, Ajay Kumar Sandula, P. Biswas","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3552527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552527","url":null,"abstract":"With semi-automated vehicles, drivers are still required to be ready to intervene upon a takeover request (TOR) and face the difficulty of achieving their optimal performance level directly after a passive phase. In this work, we examine the effects of using Extended Reality (XR) interface to assist drivers for taking over and in the first seconds of controlling the vehicle. We focus on developing a lane detection algorithm to keep the vehicles follow the ego lanes. We present a prototype of an Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) assistance system realized on a simulated environment. In a user study, we compare mixed reality with augmented reality display and present results on response time to take over request and found AR is significantly better than MR interfaces.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125906251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseba Sarabia, Sergio E. Diaz, M. Marcano, A. Zubizarreta, Joshué Pérez
In recent years, several achievements have been made towards the future of automated vehicles. Yet, automated driving functionalities are still limited, with the human driver being the ultimate fallback in any current system. However, the fact that humans have a completely different role (i.e., supervisors instead of drivers) is a challenge in many cases, because of the well-known out-of-the-loop problems [4] [5] [2]. Hence, the shared control strategy is a promising solution for future automated driving systems. In shared control, automation provides adaptive assistance to the driver, who is kept inside the control loop rather than being treated as a perturbation or a fallback for the system [1]. As part of improving the interaction between driver and automation, a haptic steering wheel has been designed that assists the driver in two different ways: a) it assists the driver in maintaining the vehicle in lane and performing critical evasive maneuvers, and 2) it serves as a new communication channel using haptic icons to provide information to the driver. The motivation of this research is to keep elderly motorists capable of driving safely, as they, in addition to carrying all the drawbacks of human drivers, also have reduced cognitive abilities and require higher levels of support.
{"title":"Haptic Steering Wheel for Enhanced Driving: an Assessment in Terms of Safety and User Experience","authors":"Joseba Sarabia, Sergio E. Diaz, M. Marcano, A. Zubizarreta, Joshué Pérez","doi":"10.1145/3544999.3554974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3554974","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, several achievements have been made towards the future of automated vehicles. Yet, automated driving functionalities are still limited, with the human driver being the ultimate fallback in any current system. However, the fact that humans have a completely different role (i.e., supervisors instead of drivers) is a challenge in many cases, because of the well-known out-of-the-loop problems [4] [5] [2]. Hence, the shared control strategy is a promising solution for future automated driving systems. In shared control, automation provides adaptive assistance to the driver, who is kept inside the control loop rather than being treated as a perturbation or a fallback for the system [1]. As part of improving the interaction between driver and automation, a haptic steering wheel has been designed that assists the driver in two different ways: a) it assists the driver in maintaining the vehicle in lane and performing critical evasive maneuvers, and 2) it serves as a new communication channel using haptic icons to provide information to the driver. The motivation of this research is to keep elderly motorists capable of driving safely, as they, in addition to carrying all the drawbacks of human drivers, also have reduced cognitive abilities and require higher levels of support.","PeriodicalId":350782,"journal":{"name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127722328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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