In this paper I describe the processes of internal and external selection of a business project before official founding. I put particular emphasis on the psychological processes of 'internal' selection in an aspiring entrepreneur. The project deals with development and commercialisation of innovative DNA-Biochips. These can be used to detect gene-based health conditions and in drug discovery. The case study is used to test some conjectures on the operation of evolutionary principles in economics and to identify similar and differing characteristics in visionary technologists and entrepreneurs.
{"title":"Psychology in Entrepreneurship and Economic Evolution","authors":"C. Reschke","doi":"10.3990/2.268485624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268485624","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I describe the processes of internal and external selection of a business project before official founding. I put particular emphasis on the psychological processes of 'internal' selection in an aspiring entrepreneur. The project deals with development and commercialisation of innovative DNA-Biochips. These can be used to detect gene-based health conditions and in drug discovery. The case study is used to test some conjectures on the operation of evolutionary principles in economics and to identify similar and differing characteristics in visionary technologists and entrepreneurs.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130343890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Co-Solving Entrepreneurial Problems within Business Incubators : Summary","authors":"Terrence Terrence Ogenio","doi":"10.3990/2.268472815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268472815","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121286127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper argues for a better understanding of entrepreneurship in international entrepreneurship – the ‘E in IE’. The paper suggests that the central role of opportunity formation and exploitation in entrepreneurship research should be fully explored in IE. The entrepreneur-firm-opportunity nexus in internationalisation is examined through an opportunity-based approach (OBA). This suggests that the process of internationalisation may be conceived as the formation and exploitation of international entrepreneurial opportunities. The subjective, entrepreneurial ability to create an imagined future – ‘prospection’ – is examined to show how entrepreneurs use prospection to: creatively imagine combinations of firm capabilities and market opportunities to form entrepreneurial opportunities. A typology of entrepreneurial opportunity formation is advanced which distinguishes between opportunity discovery, development, construction, and creation. The paper concludes by suggesting how the OBA can help explain the choice of foreign markets, early internationalisation, speed of internationalisation, and foreign entry modes.
{"title":"An opportunity-based approach to international entrepreneurship: pursuing opportunities internationally through prospection","authors":"Manjo Oyson, D. Whittaker","doi":"10.3990/1.268486946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/1.268486946","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues for a better understanding of entrepreneurship in international entrepreneurship – the ‘E in IE’. The paper suggests that the central role of opportunity formation and exploitation in entrepreneurship research should be fully explored in IE. The entrepreneur-firm-opportunity nexus in internationalisation is examined through an opportunity-based approach (OBA). This suggests that the process of internationalisation may be conceived as the formation and exploitation of international entrepreneurial opportunities. The subjective, entrepreneurial ability to create an imagined future – ‘prospection’ – is examined to show how entrepreneurs use prospection to: creatively imagine combinations of firm capabilities and market opportunities to form entrepreneurial opportunities. A typology of entrepreneurial opportunity formation is advanced which distinguishes between opportunity discovery, development, construction, and creation. The paper concludes by suggesting how the OBA can help explain the choice of foreign markets, early internationalisation, speed of internationalisation, and foreign entry modes.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"153 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120863838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Decision makers within SMEs face many competitive threats but also have a range of development opportunities available to them to advance the competitive position of their firm. These opportunities typically include development of new products and/or the improvement of their process performance. However it is very difficult to decide, ex-ante i.e. before-the-event, to which combination of new product development and/or improvement opportunities the SME should devote resources for the firm to maximise its economic performance. This is of strategic importance, given the limited resources available to SMEs. The ValuePOLE project addresses this challenge. ValuePOLE, a collaborative research project between academics and SME practitioners, is funded under the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme, Research for the Benefit of SMEs. Its objective is to deliver a Model, an ICT Tool and a Methodology to answer this challenge for the SME decision maker so that they can maximise their competitive position with the minimum investment of resources. This paper describes the project as well as the results to date at the four SME case study firms.
{"title":"ValuePOLE: an ex-ante predictive revenue performance tool for NPD in SMEs","authors":"Annmarie Sheahan, A. Ledwith, C. Sheahan","doi":"10.3990/2.268486638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268486638","url":null,"abstract":"Decision makers within SMEs face many competitive threats but also have a range of development opportunities available to them to advance the competitive position of their firm. These opportunities typically include development of new products and/or the improvement of their process performance. However it is very difficult to decide, ex-ante i.e. before-the-event, to which combination of new product development and/or improvement opportunities the SME should devote resources for the firm to maximise its economic performance. This is of strategic importance, given the limited resources available to SMEs. The ValuePOLE project addresses this challenge. ValuePOLE, a collaborative research project between academics and SME practitioners, is funded under the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme, Research for the Benefit of SMEs. Its objective is to deliver a Model, an ICT Tool and a Methodology to answer this challenge for the SME decision maker so that they can maximise their competitive position with the minimum investment of resources. This paper describes the project as well as the results to date at the four SME case study firms.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129648519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Establishing the core principals of “entrepreneurial management” within an organization describes a certain strategic choice that affects a company in six dimensions, according to Stevenson (1983). Our aim is to empirically measure entrepreneurial management (it’s existence and degree) and to link this measured strategic choice (for or against) entrepreneurial management with firm performance. Our argument here is that companies that follow core principals of entrepreneurial management should outperform other more administrative firms in certain measures of strategic performance. This paper builds on an empirical investigation published by Brown, Davidson & Wiklund (2001), who have developed and tested a reliable measurement instrument for Stevenson’s definition of “entrepreneurial management” (Stevenson 1983, Stevenson & Jarillo 1990). In the first part of our paper we aim to replicate and to some extent improve this study. In the second part we link the measured degree of “entrepreneurial management” with firm performance. To our knowledge, even so Stevenson’s definition of entrepreneurial management is commonly acknowledged and Brown et al. (2001) developed a reliable instrument to empirically capture this behavioral approach to management, the construct of entrepreneurial management never before has been linked to firm performance in an empirical study. Since most papers on corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance are based on Covin & Slevin’s (1991) or Miller’s (1983) concept of entrepreneurial orientation, we contribute to the literature on corporate entrepreneurship in a novel way, given the fact that the entrepreneurial management dimensions measured in our study can theoretically and empirically be clearly distinguished from the construct of entrepreneurial orientation as defined by Covin & Selvin (1991).
{"title":"\"Entrepreneurial Management\" as a Strategic Choice in Firm Behavior: Linking it with Performance","authors":"Birte Kuhn, S. P. Saßmannshausen, Roxanne Zollin","doi":"10.3990/1.268474933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/1.268474933","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing the core principals of “entrepreneurial management” within an organization describes a certain strategic choice that affects a company in six dimensions, according to Stevenson (1983). Our aim is to empirically measure entrepreneurial management (it’s existence and degree) and to link this measured strategic choice (for or against) entrepreneurial management with firm performance. Our argument here is that companies that follow core principals of entrepreneurial management should outperform other more administrative firms in certain measures of strategic performance. This paper builds on an empirical investigation published by Brown, Davidson & Wiklund (2001), who have developed and tested a reliable measurement instrument for Stevenson’s definition of “entrepreneurial management” (Stevenson 1983, Stevenson & Jarillo 1990). In the first part of our paper we aim to replicate and to some extent improve this study. In the second part we link the measured degree of “entrepreneurial management” with firm performance. To our knowledge, even so Stevenson’s definition of entrepreneurial management is commonly acknowledged and Brown et al. (2001) developed a reliable instrument to empirically capture this behavioral approach to management, the construct of entrepreneurial management never before has been linked to firm performance in an empirical study. Since most papers on corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance are based on Covin & Slevin’s (1991) or Miller’s (1983) concept of entrepreneurial orientation, we contribute to the literature on corporate entrepreneurship in a novel way, given the fact that the entrepreneurial management dimensions measured in our study can theoretically and empirically be clearly distinguished from the construct of entrepreneurial orientation as defined by Covin & Selvin (1991).","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127385326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is a conceptual paper in exploring the differences in decision making process between family business and non-family business in the construction industry in Malaysia. The understanding of the complexity and dynamics of a family business is becoming more prevalent among researchers. Fast decision making is not only seen as necessary but crucial to ensure speed and efficiency in responding to market opportunities and maneuvering through market uncertainties and tumultuous environment, with the intention to diversify their businesses by finding opportunities towards new venture creation. This study intends to suggest how to simplify decision making and find tactics to have quality decision making. Hence, this study will focus primarily on the decision making process which is mapped against the Bayesian causal map.
{"title":"Decision making process: a comparison between family business and non-family business in the construction industry the Bayesian causal map","authors":"Leilanie Mohd Nor","doi":"10.3990/2.268473786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268473786","url":null,"abstract":"This is a conceptual paper in exploring the differences in decision making process between family business and non-family business in the construction industry in Malaysia. The understanding of the complexity and dynamics of a family business is becoming more prevalent among researchers. Fast decision making is not only seen as necessary but crucial to ensure speed and efficiency in responding to market opportunities and maneuvering through market uncertainties and tumultuous environment, with the intention to diversify their businesses by finding opportunities towards new venture creation. This study intends to suggest how to simplify decision making and find tactics to have quality decision making. Hence, this study will focus primarily on the decision making process which is mapped against the Bayesian causal map.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132850442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Productivity growth is dependent on technological advancement. However, capital constrains commercialization of technology, which venture capital could solve. Still, a capital supply gap exists between venture capital and technology commercialization, especially in the start-up stages of high-technology enterprises. The outcome of this research will provide guidelines for participation in the public venture capital industry. This research introduce the government as public venture capitalist for filling the gap between technology opportunities and technology commercialization and found that the government plays an important role in high-technology enterprises in developing countries. Further, the venture capital industry adopts various operational models, especially in developing countries that lacks legal and accounting infrastructure. In the infancy stage, government plays a catalyst, but indispensable role.
{"title":"Government’s Role as Public Venture Capitalist in High-Technology Small and Medium Sized Enterprises","authors":"J. Grundling, L. Steynberg, Anrui Wang","doi":"10.3990/2.268475236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268475236","url":null,"abstract":"Productivity growth is dependent on technological advancement. However, capital constrains commercialization of technology, which venture capital could solve. Still, a capital supply gap exists between venture capital and technology commercialization, especially in the start-up stages of high-technology enterprises. The outcome of this research will provide guidelines for participation in the public venture capital industry. This research introduce the government as public venture capitalist for filling the gap between technology opportunities and technology commercialization and found that the government plays an important role in high-technology enterprises in developing countries. Further, the venture capital industry adopts various operational models, especially in developing countries that lacks legal and accounting infrastructure. In the infancy stage, government plays a catalyst, but indispensable role.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133987719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Strategic innovation and NPD are important dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship (Hitt et al., 2007; Ireland et al., 2003). This paper is focused on strategic innovation management and New Product Development (NPD) in the dominant and most significant form of organizational enterprises: family firms.
战略创新和新产品开发是战略创业的重要维度(Hitt et al.， 2007;爱尔兰等人，2003年)。本文主要研究家族企业这一最主要的组织形式中的战略创新管理和新产品开发。
{"title":"Exploring Strategic Innovation and New Product Development in Family Firms: a theoretical framework and an empirical study","authors":"Lucio Cassia, A. Massis, Emanuele Pizzurno","doi":"10.3990/2.268475315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268475315","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic innovation and NPD are important dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship (Hitt et al., 2007; Ireland et al., 2003). This paper is focused on strategic innovation management and New Product Development (NPD) in the dominant and most significant form of organizational enterprises: family firms.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127229809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
That entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial education is a relevant topic nowadays is evident (van Praag, 2006; van der Sluis, 2007; The Oslo Agenda for Entrepreneurship Education in Europe, 2006). This is confrontating universities of applied sciences in the Netherlands with a great challenge, namely to educate more and better entrepreneurs. Main goal of universities of applied sciences is to prepare students to become successful in their profession. Specific for entrepreneurial education programmes we can state that it is their purpose to prepare students to become successful entrepreneurs. From literature it seems that motives and competencies are the most important objectives for educators to focus upon. But are they achieving these goals? Are students, after attending an entrepreneurial education program, more motivated to become entrepreneurs and are they more competent to become successful than before? This research intends to answer the questions whether there is an effect on the development of relevant motives and competencies, whether there is an influence of the learning environment on these effects and whether there are certain causes for the reason that one program has minimum or no effects and other programs have greater effects. For answering these questions every entrepreneurial program will be positioned in a didactic model and all students of the entrepreneurial programs will be asked to make a selfassessment before and after attending the program. After this it should be clear what kind of educational programs are more effective than others. For answering the final question, which are the causes of the differences in effects of the different kinds of program, it will be necessary to interview the responsible developers and teachers.
创业和创业教育是当今一个相关的话题是显而易见的(van Praag, 2006;van der Sluis, 2007;奥斯陆创业教育议程在欧洲，2006年)。这给荷兰的应用科学大学带来了巨大的挑战，即培养更多更好的企业家。应用科学大学的主要目标是培养学生在他们的专业领域取得成功。具体到创业教育课程，我们可以说，他们的目的是让学生成为成功的企业家。从文献来看，动机和能力似乎是教育工作者关注的最重要的目标。但是他们实现了这些目标吗?学生在参加创业教育项目后，是否更有动力成为企业家，是否比以前更有能力获得成功?本研究旨在回答相关动机和能力的发展是否有影响，学习环境对这些影响是否有影响，以及一个方案影响最小或没有影响而其他方案影响较大的原因是否存在。为了回答这些问题，每个创业项目都将被定位在一个教学模式中，所有创业项目的学生都将被要求在参加项目之前和之后进行自我评估。在此之后，应该明确哪种教育方案比其他方案更有效。为了回答最后一个问题，即不同类型的程序效果差异的原因，有必要采访负责任的开发人员和教师。
{"title":"Learning entrepreneurship by entrepreneurial learning?","authors":"Luc E.P.T. de Krosse","doi":"10.3990/2.268476198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3990/2.268476198","url":null,"abstract":"That entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial education is a relevant topic nowadays is evident (van Praag, 2006; van der Sluis, 2007; The Oslo Agenda for Entrepreneurship Education in Europe, 2006). This is confrontating universities of applied sciences in the Netherlands with a great challenge, namely to educate more and better entrepreneurs. Main goal of universities of applied sciences is to prepare students to become successful in their profession. Specific for entrepreneurial education programmes we can state that it is their purpose to prepare students to become successful entrepreneurs. From literature it seems that motives and competencies are the most important objectives for educators to focus upon. But are they achieving these goals? Are students, after attending an entrepreneurial education program, more motivated to become entrepreneurs and are they more competent to become successful than before? This research intends to answer the questions whether there is an effect on the development of relevant motives and competencies, whether there is an influence of the learning environment on these effects and whether there are certain causes for the reason that one program has minimum or no effects and other programs have greater effects. For answering these questions every entrepreneurial program will be positioned in a didactic model and all students of the entrepreneurial programs will be asked to make a selfassessment before and after attending the program. After this it should be clear what kind of educational programs are more effective than others. For answering the final question, which are the causes of the differences in effects of the different kinds of program, it will be necessary to interview the responsible developers and teachers.","PeriodicalId":350992,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127341150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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