The ability to quantify and compare typography has potential in many disciplines such as marketing, branding, education, and literacy studies. However, formal features of typography have been difficult to operationalize for quantitative analysis. The article proposes a quantitative, distinctive feature-based framework for describing and comparing fonts. The analyses made using the framework yield a clear and quantifiable separation of well-established typographical categories. It is also sensitive enough to pick up even small variations between fonts. The framework can aid in developing a more generally accepted typographical meta-language that allows for comparison and cross-fertilization of typographical knowledge across disciplines.
{"title":"A quantitative framework for analyzing distinctive features of typography","authors":"C. M. Johannessen, Mads Nedergård Qwist, A. Buch","doi":"10.1075/idj.21005.joh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.21005.joh","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The ability to quantify and compare typography has potential in many disciplines such as marketing, branding, education, and literacy studies. However, formal features of typography have been difficult to operationalize for quantitative analysis. The article proposes a quantitative, distinctive feature-based framework for describing and comparing fonts. The analyses made using the framework yield a clear and quantifiable separation of well-established typographical categories. It is also sensitive enough to pick up even small variations between fonts. The framework can aid in developing a more generally accepted typographical meta-language that allows for comparison and cross-fertilization of typographical knowledge across disciplines.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41786652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, scrollytelling – a method to animate content as a reader scrolls through an article – has become an integral part of online visual storytelling. Despite its popularity, few studies have examined the variety of existing scrollytelling techniques. In addition, scrollytelling is still costly to produce. This study aims to generate a scrollytelling vocabulary for newsrooms and creative agencies. By analysing 50 examples, we have identified granular characteristics of scrollytelling elements, or ‘scrollers’, and grouped them into five standard techniques: graphic sequences, animated transitions, panning and zooming, scrolling through movies, and showing and auto-playing animated content. The study provides information designers, developers, and visual journalists with a vocabulary to experiment with different scrollytelling techniques and implement scrollers faster and more easily.
{"title":"Scrolling into the Newsroom","authors":"Jonas Oesch, Adina Renner, Manuel Roth","doi":"10.1075/idj.22005.oes","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22005.oes","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In recent years, scrollytelling – a method to animate content as a reader scrolls through an article – has become an integral part of online visual storytelling. Despite its popularity, few studies have examined the variety of existing scrollytelling techniques. In addition, scrollytelling is still costly to produce. This study aims to generate a scrollytelling vocabulary for newsrooms and creative agencies. By analysing 50 examples, we have identified granular characteristics of scrollytelling elements, or ‘scrollers’, and grouped them into five standard techniques: graphic sequences, animated transitions, panning and zooming, scrolling through movies, and showing and auto-playing animated content. The study provides information designers, developers, and visual journalists with a vocabulary to experiment with different scrollytelling techniques and implement scrollers faster and more easily.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42107902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lonsdale, Xiaoxiao Qin, Yung-Hsun Chen, Heather Green, Maha Algethami, Jiawen Xu
The way information is organized and designed on virtual learning environments (VLEs) is poor (e.g., unclear, unattractive and overwhelmingly dense). This study evaluates and redesigns a VLE platform to enhance access to information and course material. A three-stage user-centred mixed-methods research approach was used with students taking part as co-creators of education, researchers, designers and end-users. Results show that performance was significantly better with two layouts designed following information design principles and a user-centred research process, than with the existing layout. Participants’ opinion also reflected this same trend. A set of guidelines to improve the design of VLEs is provided.
{"title":"The power of information design in enhancing the organization of information and course material in an online Virtual\u0000 Learning Environment (VLE)","authors":"M. Lonsdale, Xiaoxiao Qin, Yung-Hsun Chen, Heather Green, Maha Algethami, Jiawen Xu","doi":"10.1075/idj.22001.lon","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22001.lon","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The way information is organized and designed on virtual learning environments (VLEs) is poor (e.g., unclear,\u0000 unattractive and overwhelmingly dense). This study evaluates and redesigns a VLE platform to enhance access to information and\u0000 course material. A three-stage user-centred mixed-methods research approach was used with students taking part as co-creators of\u0000 education, researchers, designers and end-users. Results show that performance was significantly better with two layouts designed\u0000 following information design principles and a user-centred research process, than with the existing layout. Participants’ opinion\u0000 also reflected this same trend. A set of guidelines to improve the design of VLEs is provided.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45133886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Rodighiero, E. Wandl-Vogt, Elian Carsenat, Jules Döring, Oliver Elias, Michael Fragner, Stepha Farkashazy
The datafication process transforming society enables us to witness the pandemic from a global perspective. This article provides an example of immersive architecture in which coronavirus-related scientific literature was revealed during Ars Electronica 2021. Like a starry sky, a network visualization representing more than 600,000 articles was showcased in the Deep Space 8K theater, where spectators were accompanied in reading insights. The case study of 3D Cartography of COVID-19 illustrates a novel way to present data in public spaces to foster conversations and reflects on how visual data literacy can be addressed in museums.
{"title":"Immersive Architectures for Visual Data Literacy","authors":"D. Rodighiero, E. Wandl-Vogt, Elian Carsenat, Jules Döring, Oliver Elias, Michael Fragner, Stepha Farkashazy","doi":"10.1075/idj.22016.rod","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22016.rod","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The datafication process transforming society enables us to witness the pandemic from a global perspective. This article provides an example of immersive architecture in which coronavirus-related scientific literature was revealed during Ars Electronica 2021. Like a starry sky, a network visualization representing more than 600,000 articles was showcased in the Deep Space 8K theater, where spectators were accompanied in reading insights. The case study of 3D Cartography of COVID-19 illustrates a novel way to present data in public spaces to foster conversations and reflects on how visual data literacy can be addressed in museums.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49276890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graphs, charts, and infographics have long been a part of newsrooms. Nevertheless, in recent decades, new data processing and graphical representation findings have led to a boom in data and visual journalism. Both professionals and newsrooms have had to adapt quickly to the fast-developing field of Data Visualization while facing an unprecedented crisis. Through semi-structured interviews with worldwide graphic reporters and data journalists, this research delves into academic backgrounds, daily tasks, and design processes to answer the question of how someone comes to design graphics for a living in recent years. One common phenomenon was identified: self-teaching.
{"title":"“I learned it on the job”","authors":"Salomé Esteves, M. Neves","doi":"10.1075/idj.22004.est","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22004.est","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Graphs, charts, and infographics have long been a part of newsrooms. Nevertheless, in recent decades, new data\u0000 processing and graphical representation findings have led to a boom in data and visual journalism. Both professionals and\u0000 newsrooms have had to adapt quickly to the fast-developing field of Data Visualization while facing an unprecedented crisis.\u0000 Through semi-structured interviews with worldwide graphic reporters and data journalists, this research delves into academic\u0000 backgrounds, daily tasks, and design processes to answer the question of how someone comes to design graphics for a living in recent\u0000 years. One common phenomenon was identified: self-teaching.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42338398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined changes to typographic variables in Chinese-English traffic signs. Particularly, it considered the effect of connecting spacing – the vertical distance between a Chinese legend and its English translation – on reading performance for participants who read English but not Chinese. Participants were shown driving video simulations, featuring four connecting space measures (1/6H, 1/3H, 1/2H, 3/4H where H is the height of one Chinese character) and asked to indicate directions. A threshold method with an accuracy check was applied. The study demonstrated that connecting spacing affected participants’ reading performance and is an important consideration for dual-script sign legibility.
{"title":"Effects of changes in spacing on dual-script sign\u0000 legibility","authors":"Yuchan Zhang, Jeanne-Louise Moys","doi":"10.1075/idj.21008.zha","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.21008.zha","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examined changes to typographic variables in\u0000 Chinese-English traffic signs. Particularly, it considered the effect of\u0000 connecting spacing – the vertical distance between a Chinese legend and its\u0000 English translation – on reading performance for participants who read English\u0000 but not Chinese. Participants were shown driving video simulations, featuring\u0000 four connecting space measures (1/6H, 1/3H, 1/2H, 3/4H where H is the height of\u0000 one Chinese character) and asked to indicate directions. A threshold method with\u0000 an accuracy check was applied. The study demonstrated that connecting spacing\u0000 affected participants’ reading performance and is an important consideration for\u0000 dual-script sign legibility.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47952214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surprise Machines is a project of experimental museology that sets out to visualize the entire image collection of the Harvard Art Museums, intending to open up unexpected vistas on more than 200,000 objects usually inaccessible to visitors. Part of the exhibition Curatorial A(i)gents organized by metaLAB (at) Harvard, the project explores the limits of artificial intelligence to display a large set of images and create surprise among visitors. To achieve such a feeling of surprise, a choreographic interface was designed to connect the audience’s movement with several unique views of the collection.
{"title":"Visualising vapours","authors":"Will Stahl-Timmins","doi":"10.1075/idj.22007.sta","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22007.sta","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Surprise Machines is a project of experimental museology that sets out to visualize the entire image collection of the Harvard Art Museums, intending to open up unexpected vistas on more than 200,000 objects usually inaccessible to visitors. Part of the exhibition Curatorial A(i)gents organized by metaLAB (at) Harvard, the project explores the limits of artificial intelligence to display a large set of images and create surprise among visitors. To achieve such a feeling of surprise, a choreographic interface was designed to connect the audience’s movement with several unique views of the collection.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41405678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article introduces the Codices of The School of Huejotzingo as early examples of data visualization from sixteenth-century colonial México. The glyphs in the Codices and the technique of repetition are used to represent quantities. A similar approach was introduced four hundred years later in 1930s Vienna that would become known as Isotype. Similar to the Codices, Isotype used pictograms and repetition to represent quantities. A set of principles were established to design Isotype charts that were engaging and memorable. The Codices are analyzed using the principles of Isotype to contextualize and introduce them into the data visualization timeline.
{"title":"Isotype of the conquest","authors":"María del Mar Navarro","doi":"10.1075/idj.22012.nav","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22012.nav","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article introduces the Codices of The School of Huejotzingo as early examples of data visualization from sixteenth-century colonial México. The glyphs in the Codices and the technique of repetition are used to represent quantities. A similar approach was introduced four hundred years later in 1930s Vienna that would become known as Isotype. Similar to the Codices, Isotype used pictograms and repetition to represent quantities. A set of principles were established to design Isotype charts that were engaging and memorable. The Codices are analyzed using the principles of Isotype to contextualize and introduce them into the data visualization timeline.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47712295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vassilissa Semouchkina, Yeechi Chen, K. Larson, Karen Cheng
This paper considers whether scientists can improve their visual design abilities by participating in critiques. In design education, a critique is a class session where designers present their work-in-progress and receive feedback from faculty, peers, and invited critics. In this study, we show that an intervention consisting of (1) an introduction to visual principles, (2) an explanation of critique methodology, and (3) participation in a group critique led to a significant increase in both the quantity and quality of feedback that scientists provided on a set of figures. These findings indicate that critiques can be a valuable practice for scientists to integrate into their research labs.
{"title":"“This figure could be better, but how?”","authors":"Vassilissa Semouchkina, Yeechi Chen, K. Larson, Karen Cheng","doi":"10.1075/idj.22008.sem","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22008.sem","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper considers whether scientists can improve their visual design abilities by participating in critiques. In design education, a critique is a class session where designers present their work-in-progress and receive feedback from faculty, peers, and invited critics. In this study, we show that an intervention consisting of (1) an introduction to visual principles, (2) an explanation of critique methodology, and (3) participation in a group critique led to a significant increase in both the quantity and quality of feedback that scientists provided on a set of figures. These findings indicate that critiques can be a valuable practice for scientists to integrate into their research labs.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48801986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Critical studies of data visualization often highlight how the reductive nature of visualization methods excludes data limitations and qualities that are crucial to understanding those data. This case study explores how a data visualization could express contingent, situated, and contextual facets of data. We examine how such data limitations might be surfaced and represented within visualizations through an interplay between the critique of an existing data visualization and the development of alternative designs. Based on a case study of urban tree data, we interrogate data limitations in relation to four different types of missingness: Incompleteness, Emptiness, Absence, and Nothingness. Our study enables reflections on how data limitations can be investigated using visualizations and considers the development of a critical visualization practice.
{"title":"Seeing what is not shown","authors":"N. Hengesbach, G. McInerny, J. Albuquerque","doi":"10.1075/idj.22006.hen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.22006.hen","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Critical studies of data visualization often highlight how the reductive nature of visualization methods excludes\u0000 data limitations and qualities that are crucial to understanding those data. This case study explores how a data visualization\u0000 could express contingent, situated, and contextual facets of data. We examine how such data limitations might be surfaced and\u0000 represented within visualizations through an interplay between the critique of an existing data visualization and the development\u0000 of alternative designs. Based on a case study of urban tree data, we interrogate data limitations in relation to four different\u0000 types of missingness: Incompleteness, Emptiness, Absence, and Nothingness. Our study enables reflections on how data limitations\u0000 can be investigated using visualizations and considers the development of a critical visualization practice.","PeriodicalId":35109,"journal":{"name":"Information Design Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43004182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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