Analyses of economic remittances have focused on the role of migrants as providers. This study broadens the concept of locating remittances at the emotional level as a key factor in the reciprocal and conflictive relationships built between migrants and non-migrants. Through qualitative thematic analysis, the association between physical distance and virtual co-presence is explored in the experiences and perceptions of three groups of Ecuadorians: migrants, migrants’ relatives, and returned migrants. The findings suggest that, thanks to ICTs, the co-responsibility for keeping the culture of bonds active means that, while it is strengthened by feelings of love and solidarity, it also reveals tensions over resentments, obligations, and guilt. Although virtual co-presence that exists is dynamic and daily, emotional gaps persist. This illustrates the need for programs that support transnational families to cope with the effects of separation.
{"title":"Entre tecnología y distancias: remesas emocionales y cultura de vínculos en familias transnacionales ecuatorianas","authors":"Priscila Chalá Mejía, Ximena Suquillo Guijarro, Iván Villafuerte","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2560","url":null,"abstract":"Analyses of economic remittances have focused on the role of migrants as providers. This study broadens the concept of locating remittances at the emotional level as a key factor in the reciprocal and conflictive relationships built between migrants and non-migrants. Through qualitative thematic analysis, the association between physical distance and virtual co-presence is explored in the experiences and perceptions of three groups of Ecuadorians: migrants, migrants’ relatives, and returned migrants. The findings suggest that, thanks to ICTs, the co-responsibility for keeping the culture of bonds active means that, while it is strengthened by feelings of love and solidarity, it also reveals tensions over resentments, obligations, and guilt. Although virtual co-presence that exists is dynamic and daily, emotional gaps persist. This illustrates the need for programs that support transnational families to cope with the effects of separation.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46095305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objectives of this article are several: 1) To propose possible explanations for the migratory changes of the last years by sharply reducing the number of undocumented migrants and an increase to more than 200 000 legal workers using visas H2 per year; 2) to remark the importance of the historic labor contribution of Mexican workers to the U. S. labor market; 3) due to these facts, rethink the Mexico-U. S. relationship so that Mexico may be considered as a highly collaborative neighbor to the historical development of the United States. This work has been elaborated by integrating several research results from different sources, as well as with data from Emif-Norte and other statistical sources. Also, incorporating the author’s research experiences.
{"title":"De las migraciones indocumentadas desde México a Estados Unidos a los flujos documentados de trabajadores","authors":"Gustavo Verduzco e Igartúa","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2306","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this article are several: 1) To propose possible explanations for the migratory changes of the last years by sharply reducing the number of undocumented migrants and an increase to more than 200 000 legal workers using visas H2 per year; 2) to remark the importance of the historic labor contribution of Mexican workers to the U. S. labor market; 3) due to these facts, rethink the Mexico-U. S. relationship so that Mexico may be considered as a highly collaborative neighbor to the historical development of the United States. This work has been elaborated by integrating several research results from different sources, as well as with data from Emif-Norte and other statistical sources. Also, incorporating the author’s research experiences.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44426754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work focuses on the identity constructions of Haitian immigrants in Chile. A qualitative study was conducted based on in-depth semi-structured interviews, which included analyzing thematic and intersectional contents in order to understand the identity constructions of the participants in their migration trajectories from Haiti to Chile. Results associated with the work and social experiences of the participants are presented, along with the ethnic-racial and sex-gender orders, bringing together differentiating axes such as religion, nationality, social class, and immigrant status. We found that the articulation of dimensions of oppression in Chile configures a Haitian-migrant-worker identity positioned as a radical otherness; incipient changes in sex-gender identities are also reported, emerging from subaltern social positions and as adaptation strategies in an adverse context.
{"title":"Construcciones identitarias de inmigrantes haitianos en Santiago de Chile desde una perspectiva interseccional","authors":"Mercedes Mercado Órdenes, Ana Figueiredo","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2495","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses on the identity constructions of Haitian immigrants in Chile. A qualitative study was conducted based on in-depth semi-structured interviews, which included analyzing thematic and intersectional contents in order to understand the identity constructions of the participants in their migration trajectories from Haiti to Chile. Results associated with the work and social experiences of the participants are presented, along with the ethnic-racial and sex-gender orders, bringing together differentiating axes such as religion, nationality, social class, and immigrant status. We found that the articulation of dimensions of oppression in Chile configures a Haitian-migrant-worker identity positioned as a radical otherness; incipient changes in sex-gender identities are also reported, emerging from subaltern social positions and as adaptation strategies in an adverse context.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43435318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rina Mazuera-Arias, Neida Albornoz-Arias, Carolina Ramírez-Martínez, M. Carreño-Paredes, Miguel Ángel Morffe Peraza, Jesús Gerardo Díaz
This article analyzes the factors related to entrepreneurial intention in a sample of 4,157 Venezuelans of legal age who emigrated in 2019. It is a quantitative, non-experimental study with non-probability sampling in whicha structured surveywas applied. A bivariate analysis was made between the dependent variable “theintention to undertake their own business ”with respect to the independent variables that relate to sociodemographic information, psychosocial and economic causes of emigration. Pearson’s chi-square test was used,and the variables were adjustedto a binary logistic regression model. Among others, the findings reveal that entrepreneurial intention is associated with family reunification and violence and insecurity in Venezuela (push factors), as well as research on opportunities and labor regulations (pull factors). Likewise, the importance of institutional support for the promotion of self-employment and formal employment is underlined.
{"title":"Factores asociados a la intención emprendedora de los emigrantes venezolanos","authors":"Rina Mazuera-Arias, Neida Albornoz-Arias, Carolina Ramírez-Martínez, M. Carreño-Paredes, Miguel Ángel Morffe Peraza, Jesús Gerardo Díaz","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2379","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the factors related to entrepreneurial intention in a sample of 4,157 Venezuelans of legal age who emigrated in 2019. It is a quantitative, non-experimental study with non-probability sampling in whicha structured surveywas applied. A bivariate analysis was made between the dependent variable “theintention to undertake their own business ”with respect to the independent variables that relate to sociodemographic information, psychosocial and economic causes of emigration. Pearson’s chi-square test was used,and the variables were adjustedto a binary logistic regression model. Among others, the findings reveal that entrepreneurial intention is associated with family reunification and violence and insecurity in Venezuela (push factors), as well as research on opportunities and labor regulations (pull factors). Likewise, the importance of institutional support for the promotion of self-employment and formal employment is underlined.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46805229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article documents the integration actions of Haitian migrants in Mexicali, B. C. into local Higher Education Institutions (HEI). The qualitative method is used through documentary analysis and fieldwork. Through a literature review, indicators are defined to establish lines of action aimed at the optimal insertion of migrants in HEIs in Mexico. In the fieldwork, in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with Haitian university students, and their experience within the HEI is measured by grouping the indicators into three dimensions: institutional, cultural, and structural. Successful integration actions are identified, most of which are internal strategies corresponding to HEIs, although there are no special programs to attend to migrant groups. Likewise, their limitations are shown, and recommendations are made.
{"title":"Análisis del ingreso laboral de los jóvenesestadounidenses en México","authors":"Liliana Meza González, P. P. Orraca Romano","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2478","url":null,"abstract":"This article documents the integration actions of Haitian migrants in Mexicali, B. C. into local Higher Education Institutions (HEI). The qualitative method is used through documentary analysis and fieldwork. Through a literature review, indicators are defined to establish lines of action aimed at the optimal insertion of migrants in HEIs in Mexico. In the fieldwork, in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with Haitian university students, and their experience within the HEI is measured by grouping the indicators into three dimensions: institutional, cultural, and structural. Successful integration actions are identified, most of which are internal strategies corresponding to HEIs, although there are no special programs to attend to migrant groups. Likewise, their limitations are shown, and recommendations are made.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42704519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to present the concept of the border based on migrants settled in Tapachula and Ciudad Hidalgo (municipal seat of Suchiate). From qualitative, ethnographic, and phenomenological research, the meaning of the border is studied from the real, the symbolic, and the imaginary through the territorialization processes that include experiences and ways of internal and external appropriation of housing and the city. The relevance of the topic is based on reflecting on the construction of a border concept based on the experiences narrated by the migrants. The concept of border is extrapolated beyond the external physical, that is, migrants experience internal borders in their being that are reflected outside in their territorialization processes, which implies a latent reality of great importance in migration studies.
{"title":"Significados de frontera a través de los procesos de territorialización de migrantes establecidos en la región Soconusco, México","authors":"Martha Liliana Arévalo Peña","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2442","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to present the concept of the border based on migrants settled in Tapachula and Ciudad Hidalgo (municipal seat of Suchiate). From qualitative, ethnographic, and phenomenological research, the meaning of the border is studied from the real, the symbolic, and the imaginary through the territorialization processes that include experiences and ways of internal and external appropriation of housing and the city. The relevance of the topic is based on reflecting on the construction of a border concept based on the experiences narrated by the migrants. The concept of border is extrapolated beyond the external physical, that is, migrants experience internal borders in their being that are reflected outside in their territorialization processes, which implies a latent reality of great importance in migration studies.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42248584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hidalia García Ríos, Beatriz Martínez Corona, María Esther Méndez Cadena, Andrés Pérez Magaña, Sergio López Cuevas, Angélica Mendieta Ramírez
Differential analysis of gender status and position was carried out among men returning from the Bracero program and their wives, who remained in the localities of origin in the municipality of Chiautzingo, Puebla. From an ethnographic approach and with participant observation, in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of nine adults: five men and four women. In fulfilling their labor assignments, migrants experienced violations of their human rights that negatively affected their gender status and position, which improved upon their return due to access to resources and prestige. Intergenerational migration networks were created, covering up to third generations. Women were affected in their status and position by reproducing gender subordination in the domestic group and the community. The contribution of the women who remained in their locality during the migratory process and the continuity of unequal relationships were made visible.
{"title":"Condición y posición de génerode personas adultas mayores durante procesos migratorios en Chiautzingo, Puebla, México","authors":"Hidalia García Ríos, Beatriz Martínez Corona, María Esther Méndez Cadena, Andrés Pérez Magaña, Sergio López Cuevas, Angélica Mendieta Ramírez","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2339","url":null,"abstract":"Differential analysis of gender status and position was carried out among men returning from the Bracero program and their wives, who remained in the localities of origin in the municipality of Chiautzingo, Puebla. From an ethnographic approach and with participant observation, in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of nine adults: five men and four women. In fulfilling their labor assignments, migrants experienced violations of their human rights that negatively affected their gender status and position, which improved upon their return due to access to resources and prestige. Intergenerational migration networks were created, covering up to third generations. Women were affected in their status and position by reproducing gender subordination in the domestic group and the community. The contribution of the women who remained in their locality during the migratory process and the continuity of unequal relationships were made visible.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48597671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the study was to understand the creation and transformation of the erotic-affective bonds of Latin American migrantcouples. The research was conducted with couples who use the Spanish Red Cross migration center. The qualitative design of the study is based on Gadamer’s hermeneutic phenomenology; in-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted to collect information. The four resulting topics (migratory experience, erotic dimension, affective dimension, and strengthening affective relationships in the destination country) add to the understanding of the migratory phenomenon from a little-studied perspective, integrating sensitive experiences. It is concluded that affective expressions, along with erotic expressions, are indispensable for adaptation during the migration project. The bond builds on joint experiences during migration and is strengthened while strategiesand adaptation skills are created. The number of interviewslimited the representativeness of the sample, in addition to the lack of time to delve into sexuality.
{"title":"Un estudio cualitativo sobre la creación de vínculos erótico-afectivos en parejas migrantes","authors":"Laura Gabriela Oliver de la Cruz","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2483","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to understand the creation and transformation of the erotic-affective bonds of Latin American migrantcouples. The research was conducted with couples who use the Spanish Red Cross migration center. The qualitative design of the study is based on Gadamer’s hermeneutic phenomenology; in-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted to collect information. The four resulting topics (migratory experience, erotic dimension, affective dimension, and strengthening affective relationships in the destination country) add to the understanding of the migratory phenomenon from a little-studied perspective, integrating sensitive experiences. It is concluded that affective expressions, along with erotic expressions, are indispensable for adaptation during the migration project. The bond builds on joint experiences during migration and is strengthened while strategiesand adaptation skills are created. The number of interviewslimited the representativeness of the sample, in addition to the lack of time to delve into sexuality.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47889113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenia María Ramírez Meda, Adriana Teresa Moreno Gutiérrez
This article documents the integration actions of Haitian migrants in Mexicali, B. C. into local Higher Education Institutions (HEI). The qualitative method is used through documentary analysis and fieldwork. Through a literature review, indicators are defined to establish lines of action aimed at the optimal insertion of migrants in HEIs in Mexico. In the fieldwork, in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with Haitian university students, and their experience within the HEI is measured by grouping the indicators into three dimensions: institutional, cultural, and structural. Successful integration actions are identified, most of which are internal strategies corresponding to HEIs, although there are no special programs to attend to migrant groups. Likewise, their limitations are shown, and recommendations are made.
{"title":"Integración de migrantes en instituciones de educación superior: El caso de los haitianos en Mexicali, B. C.","authors":"Kenia María Ramírez Meda, Adriana Teresa Moreno Gutiérrez","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2419","url":null,"abstract":"This article documents the integration actions of Haitian migrants in Mexicali, B. C. into local Higher Education Institutions (HEI). The qualitative method is used through documentary analysis and fieldwork. Through a literature review, indicators are defined to establish lines of action aimed at the optimal insertion of migrants in HEIs in Mexico. In the fieldwork, in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out with Haitian university students, and their experience within the HEI is measured by grouping the indicators into three dimensions: institutional, cultural, and structural. Successful integration actions are identified, most of which are internal strategies corresponding to HEIs, although there are no special programs to attend to migrant groups. Likewise, their limitations are shown, and recommendations are made.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44422040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper descriptively discusses the vote of Mexicans and people born in Guanajuato, Mexico living in the United States during the 2017-2018 electoral process. This presidential and gubernatorial election represented a substantial change in the electoral behavior of the Mexican diaspora. The phenomenon is relevant because it is the first time in the political history of this entity that people from Guanajuato living abroad were able to vote to elect a governor and senators. The analysis focuses on the concept of transnational citizenship, which involves the exercise of migrants’ political rights and their consequent impact on the reconfiguration of the State, especially at the subnational level, in addition to being an expansion of political rights that led to the implementation of a series of mechanisms by the federal and local electoral body to disseminate and make this right accessible.
{"title":"La ciudadanía transnacional y el voto desde el extranjeroen México 2018:el caso Guanajuato en las elecciones para presidente de la república y gobernador","authors":"Miguel Vilches Hinojosa, Jesús Aguilar López","doi":"10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2336","url":null,"abstract":"This paper descriptively discusses the vote of Mexicans and people born in Guanajuato, Mexico living in the United States during the 2017-2018 electoral process. This presidential and gubernatorial election represented a substantial change in the electoral behavior of the Mexican diaspora. The phenomenon is relevant because it is the first time in the political history of this entity that people from Guanajuato living abroad were able to vote to elect a governor and senators. The analysis focuses on the concept of transnational citizenship, which involves the exercise of migrants’ political rights and their consequent impact on the reconfiguration of the State, especially at the subnational level, in addition to being an expansion of political rights that led to the implementation of a series of mechanisms by the federal and local electoral body to disseminate and make this right accessible.","PeriodicalId":35224,"journal":{"name":"Migraciones Internacionales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43477215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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