This paper investigates forms of presentation with inexplicit, i.e. covert or formally unexpressed, reported speakers in hard news discourse in British broadsheets. The research develops the discussion presented, for instance, in Ljung (1998), Marín-Arrese (2002a), Semino and Short (2004), Martínez-Caro (2006) and Stenvall (2008a, 2014) in three perspectives. The textual perspective concerns (potential) co-reference between an inexplicit reported speaker and external voices present explicitly in the text. The discourse perspective compares agent obfuscation in two different contexts – the context of epistemic assessment and the context of negative evaluation (Bednarek 2006a; Bednarek and Caple 2012). The research shows that the functional distinction between epistemic and negative evaluation manifests itself in the differences in lexico-grammatical choices, the type of forms of presentation, the linguistic cues that signal the presence of voice and the potentiality of blending of the internal and external voice. The genre perspective discusses the influence of generic conventions on the distribution of inexplicit voices across the generic structure of hard news (van Dijk 1988; Feez et al. 2008; Urbanová 2013a).
本文研究了在英国大报的硬新闻话语中，不明确的，即隐蔽的或正式未表达的，被报道的说话人的呈现形式。该研究从三个角度发展了Ljung (1998)， Marín-Arrese (2002a)， Semino and Short (2004)， Martínez-Caro(2006)和Stenvall (2008a, 2014)中提出的讨论。语篇视角关注的是不明确的间接引语者与语篇中明确存在的外部声音之间的(潜在的)共同指称。话语视角比较了两种不同情境下的主体混淆——认知评价情境和消极评价情境(Bednarek 2006a;Bednarek and capple, 2012)。研究表明，认知评价与否定评价的功能差异表现在词汇语法选择、表达形式类型、提示声音存在的语言线索以及内外声音混合的可能性等方面。体裁视角探讨了一般惯例对硬新闻一般结构中不明确声音分布的影响(van Dijk 1988;Feez et al. 2008;Urbanova 2013)。
{"title":"Inexplicit reported speakers in hard news : text, discourse and genre perspective","authors":"Zuzana Nádraská","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates forms of presentation with inexplicit, i.e. covert or formally unexpressed, reported speakers in hard news discourse in British broadsheets. The research develops the discussion presented, for instance, in Ljung (1998), Marín-Arrese (2002a), Semino and Short (2004), Martínez-Caro (2006) and Stenvall (2008a, 2014) in three perspectives. The textual perspective concerns (potential) co-reference between an inexplicit reported speaker and external voices present explicitly in the text. The discourse perspective compares agent obfuscation in two different contexts – the context of epistemic assessment and the context of negative evaluation (Bednarek 2006a; Bednarek and Caple 2012). The research shows that the functional distinction between epistemic and negative evaluation manifests itself in the differences in lexico-grammatical choices, the type of forms of presentation, the linguistic cues that signal the presence of voice and the potentiality of blending of the internal and external voice. The genre perspective discusses the influence of generic conventions on the distribution of inexplicit voices across the generic structure of hard news (van Dijk 1988; Feez et al. 2008; Urbanová 2013a).","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is an attempt to re-examine two theories concerning the possible inspirations for Mary Shelley's masterpiece Frankenstein. The paper first evokes the most popular theory conceived by Radu Florescu whose endeavour to investigate the case of Frankestein's sources has been widely acclaimed. It is then juxtaposed with another theory which still has not been profoundly examined and yet seems worth analysing. It refers to the idea publicised by a Polish researcher in the 80s and 90s who implied that the title and the content of Shelley's novel could have been inspired by the events which took place in today's Polish town of Ząbkowice Śląskie. The present paper scrutinizes and discusses the story of the Silesian gravediggers' scandal which broke out in 1606 as a potential impulse which might have triggered the writing of Frankenstein.
{"title":"Rethinking inspirations for Mary Shelley's Frankenstein : a new look at the case of the Silesian gravediggers' scandal of 1606","authors":"P. Kaptur","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-9","url":null,"abstract":"The article is an attempt to re-examine two theories concerning the possible inspirations for Mary Shelley's masterpiece Frankenstein. The paper first evokes the most popular theory conceived by Radu Florescu whose endeavour to investigate the case of Frankestein's sources has been widely acclaimed. It is then juxtaposed with another theory which still has not been profoundly examined and yet seems worth analysing. It refers to the idea publicised by a Polish researcher in the 80s and 90s who implied that the title and the content of Shelley's novel could have been inspired by the events which took place in today's Polish town of Ząbkowice Śląskie. The present paper scrutinizes and discusses the story of the Silesian gravediggers' scandal which broke out in 1606 as a potential impulse which might have triggered the writing of Frankenstein.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Saei Dibavar, Pyeaam Abbasi, Hossein Pirnajmuddin
This article rereads J. M. Coetzee's Foe (1986) and its intertextual bond with Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719) in the framework of cognitive poetics to shed light on the complex issue of canonicity in terms of content and form/style in Foe. To this purpose, Marie-Laure Ryan's notions of textual actual world (TAW) and accessibility relations are used along with Barbara Dancygier's concept of narrative space construction to examine how Susan Barton's narrative (the postcolonial account) anchors/accesses the already consolidated TAW of Robinson Crusoe (the colonial text) to dislocate the colonizer's secluded, monologic text by superimposing another psyche, through cognitive blending, upon it. Susan's narrative incorporates her constant awareness of the social mind to assimilate – rather than push aside – the colonizer's narrative by driving it out of its monologic state toward a dialogic, multivocal exchange in the contemporary postcolonial world where Cruso(e)'s story becomes a part of Susan's story.
{"title":"J. M. Coetzee’s Foe : a narrative of dislocation through assimilation","authors":"Sara Saei Dibavar, Pyeaam Abbasi, Hossein Pirnajmuddin","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-12","url":null,"abstract":"This article rereads J. M. Coetzee's Foe (1986) and its intertextual bond with Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe (1719) in the framework of cognitive poetics to shed light on the complex issue of canonicity in terms of content and form/style in Foe. To this purpose, Marie-Laure Ryan's notions of textual actual world (TAW) and accessibility relations are used along with Barbara Dancygier's concept of narrative space construction to examine how Susan Barton's narrative (the postcolonial account) anchors/accesses the already consolidated TAW of Robinson Crusoe (the colonial text) to dislocate the colonizer's secluded, monologic text by superimposing another psyche, through cognitive blending, upon it. Susan's narrative incorporates her constant awareness of the social mind to assimilate – rather than push aside – the colonizer's narrative by driving it out of its monologic state toward a dialogic, multivocal exchange in the contemporary postcolonial world where Cruso(e)'s story becomes a part of Susan's story.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71336954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Speculative literature is an excellent vehicle for questioning the seemingly natural; faith and the shape of reality are two frequently reflected themes in such works. In The Divine Cities trilogy by Robert Jackson Bennett, the relationships among deities, known as the Divinities; people; and reality are complex and thought provoking. The fictional world hints significantly at our reality when inverting the assumingly top-down relationship between the divine and the mundane. Based on findings from the cognitive sciences and working with the concept of intersubjectivity and interaction theory, this paper explores the enormous role of intersubjective minds in constructing reality in both the fictional and the real world.
{"title":"The Divine Cities by Robert Jackson Bennett : analysis of speculative fiction as a vehicle for changing the mind and the world","authors":"Tereza Dědinová","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"Speculative literature is an excellent vehicle for questioning the seemingly natural; faith and the shape of reality are two frequently reflected themes in such works. In The Divine Cities trilogy by Robert Jackson Bennett, the relationships among deities, known as the Divinities; people; and reality are complex and thought provoking. The fictional world hints significantly at our reality when inverting the assumingly top-down relationship between the divine and the mundane. Based on findings from the cognitive sciences and working with the concept of intersubjectivity and interaction theory, this paper explores the enormous role of intersubjective minds in constructing reality in both the fictional and the real world.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subject-relatedness is a term used to define subject-oriented -ly adverbs that are not liable to convey adverbial meaning and only retain the predicative function (Díaz-Negrillo 2014, Valera 2014). Previous corpus evidence of subject-relatedness has been found in colour adjectives (Valera 2014), which seems to restrict subject-relatedness to this narrow semantic class but, as colour adjectives are central members of this word-class (cf. Dixon 1977), the relevance of these subject-related adverbs may be higher than presumed. The present paper presents results of a systematic corpus search of 17,460 BNC bigrams containing verbs followed by subject-related -ly adverbs. The results show subject-relatedness beyond colour adjectives alone and in a wide range of combinations. The interpretations of the mismatch between the suffix -ly and the categorial meaning associated with this suffix or with the structures where they appear are manifold and could make an impact on the classification of adjectives and adverbs.
{"title":"On the adjective/adverb interface: subject-related -ly","authors":"Sandra Jiménez-Pareja","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Subject-relatedness is a term used to define subject-oriented -ly adverbs that are not liable to convey adverbial meaning and only retain the predicative function (Díaz-Negrillo 2014, Valera 2014). Previous corpus evidence of subject-relatedness has been found in colour adjectives (Valera 2014), which seems to restrict subject-relatedness to this narrow semantic class but, as colour adjectives are central members of this word-class (cf. Dixon 1977), the relevance of these subject-related adverbs may be higher than presumed. The present paper presents results of a systematic corpus search of 17,460 BNC bigrams containing verbs followed by subject-related -ly adverbs. The results show subject-relatedness beyond colour adjectives alone and in a wide range of combinations. The interpretations of the mismatch between the suffix -ly and the categorial meaning associated with this suffix or with the structures where they appear are manifold and could make an impact on the classification of adjectives and adverbs.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71336973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The press, as a culturally structured system, contributes to the formation of audience self-images – defining one's domestic identity – and hetero images – defining the Other. Using journalistic translation and journalism studies, this contribution explores the national image provided by the Italian press in news translated into English by the Ansa news agency website during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The few studies on news translations including the English-Italian language pair studied the linguistic characteristics of translated language (i.e. universals), thus making the analysis of national image in news translation an unexplored area. The methodological framework will be based on Critical Discourse Analysis' qualitative approach as well as two essential concepts from Journalism Studies. To begin with, the concept of gatekeeping can be used to explain the various flows of information and news provided in translated articles. Second, understanding the framework of news manipulation and rewriting will be made possible by understanding the concept of frame. The goal is to disclose how the Italian national image is communicated.
{"title":"News translation and national image in the time of Covid-19","authors":"Eleonora Fois","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"The press, as a culturally structured system, contributes to the formation of audience self-images – defining one's domestic identity – and hetero images – defining the Other. Using journalistic translation and journalism studies, this contribution explores the national image provided by the Italian press in news translated into English by the Ansa news agency website during the current COVID-19 pandemic. The few studies on news translations including the English-Italian language pair studied the linguistic characteristics of translated language (i.e. universals), thus making the analysis of national image in news translation an unexplored area. The methodological framework will be based on Critical Discourse Analysis' qualitative approach as well as two essential concepts from Journalism Studies. To begin with, the concept of gatekeeping can be used to explain the various flows of information and news provided in translated articles. Second, understanding the framework of news manipulation and rewriting will be made possible by understanding the concept of frame. The goal is to disclose how the Italian national image is communicated.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71336981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigates metadiscourse use in argumentative essays written by Russian students at different levels of the ESAP study of economics. Text analysis approach and formal error analysis are applied to the metadiscourse use – its type, frequency, and accuracy. The study specifies the differences in the usage of metadiscourse markers by writers representing nonprofessional and novice ESAP students of economics, which are mainly due to disciplinary practices, the interference from L1 writing conventions in the knowledge domain of economics and instructions provided by ESAP teachers. It also gives the interpretation of formal errors in the most indicative groups of metadiscourse markers. The study has important practical implications for developing EFL students' metadiscourse competence in the target language academic writing.
{"title":"Metadiscourse use in argumentative essays written by Russian students at different levels of ESAP study of economics","authors":"E. Kostareva, T. Utkina","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates metadiscourse use in argumentative essays written by Russian students at different levels of the ESAP study of economics. Text analysis approach and formal error analysis are applied to the metadiscourse use – its type, frequency, and accuracy. The study specifies the differences in the usage of metadiscourse markers by writers representing nonprofessional and novice ESAP students of economics, which are mainly due to disciplinary practices, the interference from L1 writing conventions in the knowledge domain of economics and instructions provided by ESAP teachers. It also gives the interpretation of formal errors in the most indicative groups of metadiscourse markers. The study has important practical implications for developing EFL students' metadiscourse competence in the target language academic writing.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using corpus linguistics analysis techniques, this study compares salient lexical and phraseological features of the political discourse of Barrack Obama and Donald Trump to reveal the presidents' individual linguistic styles and preferred discursive themes. For this purpose, the WordSmith Tools software is used to extract frequency wordlists, keyword lists and clusters from two corpora of political speeches, and select the most frequent units for further identification of their patterns of use and function. The findings show that the speakers convey their intent to the listeners relying on their own idiolects. Differences are found in thematic concerns and in the use of those items that figure high in both corpora, building the image of Obama as a serious, objective and organized speaker, and that of Trump, as emotion-driven, subjective and fraternizing.
{"title":"Exploring Obama's and Trump's political discourse through the lens of wordlists, keywords and clusters","authors":"Tatiana Szczygłowska","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Using corpus linguistics analysis techniques, this study compares salient lexical and phraseological features of the political discourse of Barrack Obama and Donald Trump to reveal the presidents' individual linguistic styles and preferred discursive themes. For this purpose, the WordSmith Tools software is used to extract frequency wordlists, keyword lists and clusters from two corpora of political speeches, and select the most frequent units for further identification of their patterns of use and function. The findings show that the speakers convey their intent to the listeners relying on their own idiolects. Differences are found in thematic concerns and in the use of those items that figure high in both corpora, building the image of Obama as a serious, objective and organized speaker, and that of Trump, as emotion-driven, subjective and fraternizing.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Mansouri Nejad, Khalil Tazik, Omer Hassan Ali Mahfoodh
This study investigated the concept of politeness as perceived by Iranians in their social interactions from the perspective of politeness theory, especially politeness 1 that views politeness as judgments of other people’s behaviour. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires and a focus group discussion. While 190 Iranians responded to the questionnaire, 6 teachers of English participated in the group discussion. Data were coded and analysed using thematic analysis. The results reveal that a taxonomy of five verbal strategies and eight non-verbal strategies, along with their sub-strategies, are used by Iranians in their social interactions. This taxonomy contributes to the discipline of politeness from the sociocultural perspectives. The study partially supports the politeness theory of Brown and Levinson (1987) as in this study new politeness strategies were discovered, while embracing multiple perspectives for the conceptualization and practice of politeness.
{"title":"Politeness conceptualization in Iranian social interactions : an ethnographic study","authors":"Ali Mansouri Nejad, Khalil Tazik, Omer Hassan Ali Mahfoodh","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the concept of politeness as perceived by Iranians in their social interactions from the perspective of politeness theory, especially politeness 1 that views politeness as judgments of other people’s behaviour. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires and a focus group discussion. While 190 Iranians responded to the questionnaire, 6 teachers of English participated in the group discussion. Data were coded and analysed using thematic analysis. The results reveal that a taxonomy of five verbal strategies and eight non-verbal strategies, along with their sub-strategies, are used by Iranians in their social interactions. This taxonomy contributes to the discipline of politeness from the sociocultural perspectives. The study partially supports the politeness theory of Brown and Levinson (1987) as in this study new politeness strategies were discovered, while embracing multiple perspectives for the conceptualization and practice of politeness.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article discusses Anthony Trollope's representation of the city of Prague in his 1867 novel Nina Balatka, which first appeared anonymously in the Blackwood's Magazine. The novel tells the story of the eponymous protagonist, a Christian woman, who falls in love with a Jewish man. Trollope's choice of Prague as the backdrop for the story of two lovers separated by the great gulf between Christians and Jews seems particularly fitting, because the spatial division of the city by the river Moldau which separates the Christian and the Jewish parts of town reinforces the sense that the two protagonists come from different worlds. Trollope's characters exist in the realistically represented city; yet, iconic Prague locations, described in picturesque detail, are imbued with symbolic significance which underscores the liminal position of the protagonist, who is torn between her Christian faith, and her love of a Jewish man.
{"title":"The city on the Moldau as a liminal space : Prague in Anthony Trollope's Nina Balatka","authors":"Ilona Dobosiewicz","doi":"10.5817/bse2022-1-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5817/bse2022-1-7","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses Anthony Trollope's representation of the city of Prague in his 1867 novel Nina Balatka, which first appeared anonymously in the Blackwood's Magazine. The novel tells the story of the eponymous protagonist, a Christian woman, who falls in love with a Jewish man. Trollope's choice of Prague as the backdrop for the story of two lovers separated by the great gulf between Christians and Jews seems particularly fitting, because the spatial division of the city by the river Moldau which separates the Christian and the Jewish parts of town reinforces the sense that the two protagonists come from different worlds. Trollope's characters exist in the realistically represented city; yet, iconic Prague locations, described in picturesque detail, are imbued with symbolic significance which underscores the liminal position of the protagonist, who is torn between her Christian faith, and her love of a Jewish man.","PeriodicalId":35227,"journal":{"name":"Brno Studies in English","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71337414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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