Pub Date : 2022-10-23DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0016.0627
J. Białkowska, Dorota Mroczkowska, Michał Boraczyński
Introduction: Insomnia affects nearly 1/3 of the worldwide population. Electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) is one of the methods used in applied psychophysiology, which can improve nightly sleep scheme. Research objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the relative effect of a 20-day neurorehabilitation intervention based on EEG-NFB therapy in insomnia patients treated at a day rehabilitation centre. Materials and methods: Seventy-four patients with insomnia: 28 women (mean age ± SD: 67.9 ± 8.84 years, range: 42–83 years) and 46 men (mean age ± SD: 63.0 ± 9.24 years, range: 42-80 years) were subjected to the EEG-NFB training-neurorehabilitation using the C4 protocol: sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) (12-15 Hz)/theta (4-7 Hz). The individual everyday EEG-NFB training consisted of 20, 30-minute sessions. Before and after the training, the data was collected from 12-electrode quantitative EEG (QEEG) tests. In addition, several standardised psychological questionnaires were performed: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: The EEG-NFB therapy reduced anxiety (7.39 ± 1.0 vs. 6.12 ± 0.88 in STAI, p< 0.001) and improved patients' mood (17.6 ± 3.9 vs. 14.65 ± 3.39 in BDI, p< 0.001). During the PSQI test, the time of falling asleep and number of night awakenings were statistically reduced (both p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the -SMR amplitude between pre- to post-treatment (9.15 ± 3.11 and 8.62 ± 2.82, respectively, p=0.095). Conclusions: Due to the subjective improvement of sleep quality, without statistically significant changes in the electrophysiological record (expressed by SMR amplitude), it is advisable to continue research with the use of EEG-NFB therapy.
{"title":"Subjective Improvement of Sleep in Insomnia Patients Treated at a Day Rehabilitation Centre After the Use of EEG Neurofeedback Therapy – a Pilot Study","authors":"J. Białkowska, Dorota Mroczkowska, Michał Boraczyński","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0627","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Insomnia affects nearly 1/3 of the worldwide population. Electroencephalography neurofeedback (EEG-NFB) is one of the methods used in applied psychophysiology, which can improve nightly sleep scheme.\u0000\u0000Research objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the relative effect of a 20-day neurorehabilitation intervention based on EEG-NFB therapy in insomnia patients treated at a day rehabilitation centre.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods: Seventy-four patients with insomnia: 28 women (mean age ± SD: 67.9 ± 8.84 years, range: 42–83 years) and 46 men (mean age ± SD: 63.0 ± 9.24 years, range: 42-80 years) were subjected to the EEG-NFB training-neurorehabilitation using the C4 protocol: sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) (12-15 Hz)/theta (4-7 Hz). The individual everyday EEG-NFB training consisted of 20, 30-minute sessions. Before and after the training, the data was collected from 12-electrode quantitative EEG (QEEG) tests. In addition, several standardised psychological questionnaires were performed: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).\u0000\u0000Results: The EEG-NFB therapy reduced anxiety (7.39 ± 1.0 vs. 6.12 ± 0.88 in STAI, p< 0.001) and improved patients' mood (17.6 ± 3.9 vs. 14.65 ± 3.39 in BDI, p< 0.001). During the PSQI test, the time of falling asleep and number of night awakenings were statistically reduced (both p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the -SMR amplitude between pre- to post-treatment (9.15 ± 3.11 and 8.62 ± 2.82, respectively, p=0.095).\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Due to the subjective improvement of sleep quality, without statistically significant changes in the electrophysiological record (expressed by SMR amplitude), it is advisable to continue research with the use of EEG-NFB therapy.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44578150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-22DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0016.0619
Tymoteusz Kaczmarek, A. Truszczyńska-Baszak
Introduction: Limited mobility and pain in the cervical spine affect 50% of the population, leading to disability and a reduction in quality of life. It is important to use effective forms of therapy. One of them, enjoying growing popularity, is deep tissue massage, the stability of which requires confirmation in scientific research. Research objective: The aim of the study was to investigate how a single deep tissue massage therapy aimed at suboccipital muscles reduces pain and improves the range of motion in the cervical spine and how long the improvement lasts. Research materials and methods: The study participants included 41 people aged 20-34. The respondents were randomly divided into 2 groups: study (21 people) and control (20 people). The subjects completed a questionnaire consisting of 14 questions and were subjected to 2 tests for evaluating cervical spine stability: the covering membrane test and the anterior occipital membrane test. Then, the measurements of pain on the VAS scale (0-10) and the range of cervical mobility were collected. Measurements were taken before, immediately after, as well as 2 and 4 weeks following the therapeutic intervention. The therapy in the study group consisted of a single, 10-minute relaxation session of the sub-occipital muscles. In the control group, cervical spine traction, lasting 30 seconds, was performed 3 times. Results: In the study group, the pain decreased statistically significantly (p<0.05), before the therapy it totalled 4.33 ± 1.49, while after the therapy, its value decreased to 2.05 ± 0.86 and lasted up to 2 weeks after the massage – 2.67 ± 1.49. In the control group, the pain level before the therapy was 4.25 ± 0.76, and following the therapy, it decreased to 3 ± 0.95 and then increased to the mean value of 4 ± 1 (after 2 weeks). On average, the level equalled 4.25 ± 0.76 (after 4 weeks). In the study group, the range of flexion motion was, on average, 3.24 ± 1.00 cm, extension, mean 6.90 ± 1.14 cm, lateral flexion to the left, on avg. 4.76 ± 0.62, to the right on avg. 4.90 ± 1.04 cm, left rotation on avg. 8.43 ± 0.81, and right rotation on avg., 8.19 ± 1.08 cm. After deep tissue massage therapy, the results differed from the range of motion results obtained in the control group: flexion totalled 5.67 ± 0.48 cm immediately after therapy and 4.90 ± 1.34 cm 2 weeks post-intervention, extension 8.57 ± 0.87 cm immediately after therapy and 7.62 ± 1.47 cm 2 weeks after therapy, and finally, left lateral flexion 5.52 ± 0.81 directly following the therapy and 5.43 ± 0.93 cm 2 weeks after therapy. Conclusions: 1. Single-session deep tissue massage therapy significantly reduces pain and increases range of motion in the cervical spine. 2. The effects last up to 2 weeks following the therapy.
{"title":"The Impact of Suboccipital Muscle Release on Pain and Range of Motion in the Cervical Spine of Young Adults","authors":"Tymoteusz Kaczmarek, A. Truszczyńska-Baszak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0619","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Limited mobility and pain in the cervical spine affect 50% of the population, leading to disability and a reduction in quality of life. It is important to use effective forms of therapy. One of them, enjoying growing popularity, is deep tissue massage, the stability of which requires confirmation in scientific research.\u0000\u0000Research objective: The aim of the study was to investigate how a single deep tissue massage therapy aimed at suboccipital muscles reduces pain and improves the range of motion in the cervical spine and how long the improvement lasts.\u0000\u0000Research materials and methods: The study participants included 41 people aged 20-34. The respondents were randomly divided into 2 groups: study (21 people) and control (20 people). The subjects completed a questionnaire consisting of 14 questions and were subjected to 2 tests for evaluating cervical spine stability: the covering membrane test and the anterior occipital membrane test. Then, the measurements of pain on the VAS scale (0-10) and the range of cervical mobility were collected. Measurements were taken before, immediately after, as well as 2 and 4 weeks following the therapeutic intervention. The therapy in the study group consisted of a single, 10-minute relaxation session of the sub-occipital muscles. In the control group, cervical spine traction, lasting 30 seconds, was performed 3 times.\u0000\u0000Results: In the study group, the pain decreased statistically significantly (p<0.05), before the therapy it totalled 4.33 ± 1.49, while after the therapy, its value decreased to 2.05 ± 0.86 and lasted up to 2 weeks after the massage – 2.67 ± 1.49. In the control group, the pain level before the therapy was 4.25 ± 0.76, and following the therapy, it decreased to 3 ± 0.95 and then increased to the mean value of 4 ± 1 (after 2 weeks). On average, the level equalled 4.25 ± 0.76 (after 4 weeks). In the study group, the range of flexion motion was, on average, 3.24 ± 1.00 cm, extension, mean 6.90 ± 1.14 cm, lateral flexion to the left, on avg. 4.76 ± 0.62, to the right on avg. 4.90 ± 1.04 cm, left rotation on avg. 8.43 ± 0.81, and right rotation on avg., 8.19 ± 1.08 cm. After deep tissue massage therapy, the results differed from the range of motion results obtained in the control group: flexion totalled 5.67 ± 0.48 cm immediately after therapy and 4.90 ± 1.34 cm 2 weeks post-intervention, extension 8.57 ± 0.87 cm immediately after therapy and 7.62 ± 1.47 cm 2 weeks after therapy, and finally, left lateral flexion 5.52 ± 0.81 directly following the therapy and 5.43 ± 0.93 cm 2 weeks after therapy.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: 1. Single-session deep tissue massage therapy significantly reduces pain and increases range of motion in the cervical spine. 2. The effects last up to 2 weeks following the therapy.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46708378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9814
Jagoda Chmiel, G. Guzy
Introduction: Low back pain syndromes (LBPS) are common. One of the methods of treating LBPS is local cryotherapy, which can be based on various cooling substances. In the available literature, it is suggested that effective cold treatment may depend on the type and temperature of the cooling substance used. Research objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 local cryotherapy (Carbon Dioxide and Liquid Nitrogen) types among patients with low back pain syndrome (LBPS). Materials and methods: The study included 60 patients diagnosed with chronic LBPS of discopathic origin. Patients were randomised into 2 study groups. Local cryotherapy treatment with Carbon Dioxide was used in the 1st group (G1), while in the 2nd (G2), cryotherapy treatment with applied Liquid Nitrogen. Two measurements were taken, before and after 2 weeks treatment. The following were used for assessment: centralisation of symptoms (Pain Drawings), pain intensity (Numeral Rating Scale), duration of the current pain episode (Quebec Task Force Classification), level of disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire), quality and intensity of subjective pain (McGill Pain Questionnaire), patients’ emotional state (Adjectival Scale for Testing Emotions) and self-efficacy related to pain (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire). Statistical analysis was performed via the Student’s t-test for dependent and independent samples. Results: In both study groups, the perceived pain was either completely eliminated or centralised to the spine, hip joint and buttock. The level of pain, disability and pain-related self-efficacy decreased significantly, regardless of the therapy used. In terms of these variables, no greater therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated with either cryostimulation treatment. Qualitative assessment of pain and emotions (especially anxiety and anger) decreased significantly in G1 and G2. However, in the nitrogen-treated group, a significantly greater improvement was noted for WOB:OC, anger and anxiety scores (for these variables, the G2 group started from a higher level prior to therapy). Conclusions: Both analysed treatments are equally effective in terms of variables such as: centralisation of symptoms, level of pain intensity, disability, joy, self-efficacy related to pain, as well as the majority of the analysed MPQ indicators. Cryostimulation with liquid nitrogen may be more effective, but only in improving the WOB: OC index of the MPQ questionnaire and the level of anger and anxiety. Nonetheless, the obtained results do not allow for definitive confirmation of these results. The use of both cryostimulation treatment methods may assist in the treatment process of LBPS.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Local Cryotherapy Treatment with the Use of Carbon Dioxide and Liquid Nitrogen Among Patients with Low Back Pain Syndrome","authors":"Jagoda Chmiel, G. Guzy","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9814","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Low back pain syndromes (LBPS) are common. One of the methods of treating LBPS is local cryotherapy, which can be based on various cooling substances. In the available literature, it is suggested that effective cold treatment may depend on the type and temperature of the cooling substance used.\u0000\u0000Research objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 local cryotherapy (Carbon Dioxide and Liquid Nitrogen) types among patients with low back pain syndrome (LBPS).\u0000\u0000Materials and methods: The study included 60 patients diagnosed with chronic LBPS of discopathic origin. Patients were randomised into 2 study groups. Local cryotherapy treatment with Carbon Dioxide was used in the 1st group (G1), while in the 2nd (G2), cryotherapy treatment with applied Liquid Nitrogen. Two measurements were taken, before and after 2 weeks treatment. The following were used for assessment: centralisation of symptoms (Pain Drawings), pain intensity (Numeral Rating Scale), duration of the current pain episode (Quebec Task Force Classification), level of disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire), quality and intensity of subjective pain (McGill Pain Questionnaire), patients’ emotional state (Adjectival Scale for Testing Emotions) and self-efficacy related to pain (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire). Statistical analysis was performed via the Student’s t-test for dependent and independent samples.\u0000\u0000Results: In both study groups, the perceived pain was either completely eliminated or centralised to the spine, hip joint and buttock. The level of pain, disability and pain-related self-efficacy decreased significantly, regardless of the therapy used. In terms of these variables, no greater therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated with either cryostimulation treatment. Qualitative assessment of pain and emotions (especially anxiety and anger) decreased significantly in G1 and G2. However, in the nitrogen-treated group, a significantly greater improvement was noted for WOB:OC, anger and anxiety scores (for these variables, the G2 group started from a higher level prior to therapy).\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Both analysed treatments are equally effective in terms of variables such as: centralisation of symptoms, level of pain intensity, disability, joy, self-efficacy related to pain, as well as the majority of the analysed MPQ indicators. Cryostimulation with liquid nitrogen may be more effective, but only in improving the WOB: OC index of the MPQ questionnaire and the level of anger and anxiety. Nonetheless, the obtained results do not allow for definitive confirmation of these results. The use of both cryostimulation treatment methods may assist in the treatment process of LBPS.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48025536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9789
E. Szczygieł, Natalia Jurek, Tomasz Szaporów, J. Golec
Introduction: The head, due to its structure and assigned functions, is a unique part of our body. In a number of studies, an association has been confirmed between the base of the head, the cervical spine, and temporomandibular joint disorders. Research objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation of spatial head position, temporomandibular joint mobility and emotional tension. Material and methods: The study comprised32 participants, aged 20 to 30 years. The position of the head in the sagittal and frontal planes was evaluated via the photogrammetric method. The mobility of the temporomandibular joints was assessed by measurements made with a ruler. Electrodermal activity was measured with the "Bitalino 3DP by BEEVERYCREATIVE" device, and stress intensity assessment was estimated using the PSS-10 scale. Results: A significant (p<0.01) linear correlation was found between electrodermal activity (EDA Min) and the values of angles describing head tilt (FHT1 and HTA). Higher EDA values are associated with higher angle values. No significant correlations (p>0.05) were found between mandibular mobility and EDA scores, or between mandibular mobility measurements and head position. Conclusions: The study revealed a relationship between head positioning and electrodermal EDA activity.
引言：由于其结构和指定的功能，头部是我们身体的一个独特部分。在许多研究中，已经证实了颅底、颈椎和颞下颌关节紊乱之间的联系。研究目的：本研究旨在评估头部空间位置、颞下颌关节活动度和情绪紧张的相关性。材料和方法：该研究由32名参与者组成，年龄在20至30岁之间。头部在矢状面和额平面的位置通过摄影测量法进行评估。颞下颌关节的活动性是通过用尺子测量来评估的。使用“Bitalino 3DP by BEEVERYREATIVE”设备测量皮肤电活性，并使用PSS-10量表评估应力强度。结果：下颌活动度与EDA评分之间、下颌活动度测量值与头部位置之间均有显著性差异（p0.05）。结论：本研究揭示了头部定位与皮肤电EDA活性之间的关系。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Relationship Between Head Posture, Mandibular Movements and Emotional Tension","authors":"E. Szczygieł, Natalia Jurek, Tomasz Szaporów, J. Golec","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9789","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The head, due to its structure and assigned functions, is a unique part of our body. In a number of studies, an association has been confirmed between the base of the head, the cervical spine, and temporomandibular joint disorders.\u0000\u0000Research objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation of spatial head position, temporomandibular joint mobility and emotional tension.\u0000\u0000Material and methods: The study comprised32 participants, aged 20 to 30 years. The position of the head in the sagittal and frontal planes was evaluated via the photogrammetric method. The mobility of the temporomandibular joints was assessed by measurements made with a ruler. Electrodermal activity was measured with the \"Bitalino 3DP by BEEVERYCREATIVE\" device, and stress intensity assessment was estimated using the PSS-10 scale.\u0000\u0000Results: A significant (p<0.01) linear correlation was found between electrodermal activity (EDA Min) and the values of angles describing head tilt (FHT1 and HTA). Higher EDA values are associated with higher angle values. No significant correlations (p>0.05) were found between mandibular mobility and EDA scores, or between mandibular mobility measurements and head position.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: The study revealed a relationship between head positioning and electrodermal EDA activity.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45589273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9776
Wojciech Marchewka, Urszula Samborska, Krzysztof Drojewski, Katarzyna Olszewska-Turek, J. Marchewka, G. Kopeć
Introduction: Medical students experience stress related to their education and to their general existence. The main factors leading to stressful stimuli are: difficulties adapting to medical school, exposure to death and human suffering, educational debt, personal life events, overwork, working with cadavers, and lack of time for relaxation. Aims: The primary aim of this study was thus to assess the stress level among medical students. Secondary we aimed to determine most significant stressors and identify most vulnerable students. Materials and methods: A total of 1321 students from all six years of the medical undergraduate degree at Jagiellonian University Medical College were enrolled to the study, including 768 female and 553 male respondents. The overall response rate was 94%. To assess stress factors we used two validated questionnaires: Perceived Stress Scale and the Perceived Medical School Stress Instrument. Results: We found that medical students are exposed to significant stresses, both associated with their course of study and of a more general nature, involving personal problems, behavior, and ways of coping. We also observed that female medical students were significantly more stressed than males. Moreover students in the second and sixth years, and those who were paying tuition, were more susceptible to stress. Conclusions: These findings suggest that support services should be made widely available to all medical students.
{"title":"Assessment of stress load and its causes among medical students","authors":"Wojciech Marchewka, Urszula Samborska, Krzysztof Drojewski, Katarzyna Olszewska-Turek, J. Marchewka, G. Kopeć","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9776","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medical students experience stress related to their education and to their general existence. The main factors leading to stressful stimuli are: difficulties adapting to medical school, exposure to death and human suffering, educational debt, personal life events, overwork, working with cadavers, and lack of time for relaxation.\u0000\u0000Aims: The primary aim of this study was thus to assess the stress level among medical students. Secondary we aimed to determine most significant stressors and identify most vulnerable students.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods: A total of 1321 students from all six years of the medical undergraduate degree at Jagiellonian University Medical College were enrolled to the study, including 768 female and 553 male respondents. The overall response rate was 94%. To assess stress factors we used two validated questionnaires: Perceived Stress Scale and the Perceived Medical School Stress Instrument.\u0000\u0000Results: We found that medical students are exposed to significant stresses, both associated with their course of study and of a more general nature, involving personal problems, behavior, and ways of coping. We also observed that female medical students were significantly more stressed than males. Moreover students in the second and sixth years, and those who were paying tuition, were more susceptible to stress.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: These findings suggest that support services should be made widely available to all medical students.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42961268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9755
E. Szczygieł, Natalia Fudacz, Tomasz Berus, E. Golec
Introduction: Eye disease or visual impairment, such as myopia and hyperopia, is now a common problem. Various types of vision therapy and eye exercises are available. Objective: To estimate publications assessing the impact of various eye exercises on visual parameters in order to determine their effectiveness in the treatment and prevention of visual impairment. Data sources: Ebsco, PubMed and Medline were searched between April 10-15, 2021. Study selection: The study comprised a controlled trial, randomised clinical trial, case control study, nested case-control study and comparative study in which the effects were examined of eye therapy or eye exercise among adults, adolescents and children with refractive eye errors or regular eyes. Data extraction and synthesis: The analysis was based on the PRISMA recommendations (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis). Results: Nineteen publications were analysed in detail. Considering visual parameters, the largest number of studies (16 articles) concerned refractive defects of the eye, such as myopia or hyperopia. Various interventions were used, the most popular being the Bates method (8 articles), eye yoga exercise (7 articles), Chinese eye exercises and vision therapy (1 article). The most commonly used eye assessment tools were the autorefractometer (4 articles) and Snellen’s chart (6 articles). Conclusions: Eye exercises have a positive effect on the treatment of myopia and improve binocular vision.
{"title":"Physiotherapy in Ophthalmology – a Systematic Review","authors":"E. Szczygieł, Natalia Fudacz, Tomasz Berus, E. Golec","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9755","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Eye disease or visual impairment, such as myopia and hyperopia, is now a common problem. Various types of vision therapy and eye exercises are available.\u0000\u0000Objective: To estimate publications assessing the impact of various eye exercises on visual parameters in order to determine their effectiveness in the treatment and prevention of visual impairment.\u0000\u0000Data sources: Ebsco, PubMed and Medline were searched between April 10-15, 2021.\u0000\u0000Study selection: The study comprised a controlled trial, randomised clinical trial, case control study, nested case-control study and comparative study in which the effects were examined of eye therapy or eye exercise among adults, adolescents and children with refractive eye errors or regular eyes.\u0000\u0000Data extraction and synthesis: The analysis was based on the PRISMA recommendations (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis).\u0000\u0000Results: Nineteen publications were analysed in detail. Considering visual parameters, the largest number of studies (16 articles) concerned refractive defects of the eye, such as myopia or hyperopia. Various interventions were used, the most popular being the Bates method (8 articles), eye yoga exercise (7 articles), Chinese eye exercises and vision therapy (1 article). The most commonly used eye assessment tools were the autorefractometer (4 articles) and Snellen’s chart (6 articles).\u0000\u0000Conclusions: Eye exercises have a positive effect on the treatment of myopia and improve binocular vision.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45125035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-19DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.9277
D. Boguszewski, P. Jankowski, J. Adamczyk, A. Szymanska
Introduction: In 2020, the whole world was overwhelmed by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus threat. In order to prevent the spread of the virus, national governments introduced restrictions of movement in public space, closing schools, universities, many companies switched to remote working. In addition to the obvious benefits of the above changes, numerous side effects can be observed. One of them is pain in the locomotive organs caused by the sedentary lifestyle. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the relationship between physical activity during quarantine, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the occurrence of spinal pain. Material and methods: The study was attended by 55 people (29 women and 26 men) who attended physiotherapeutic consultations due to low back pain. For comparison purposes, they were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=24) includes active persons, Group 2 (n=31) includes inactive persons. The survey was conducted in June 2020. The study used the reading of pedometers from mobile phones and the Rolland-Morris Questionnaire, Laitinen’s Pain Scale and author’s own questionnaire. The respondents were asked to share the pedometer results from given weeks before, during and after restriction causes by the COVID-19. Results: Physically active persons (those performing health training) performed more steps before introducing restrictions (p<0.001). After the introduction of restrictions, all-day activity decreased significantly in both groups. The evaluation of pain characteristics revealed significant differences (between groups) in two categories – pain intensity and physical activity limitation. Group 2 individuals also reported greater functional limitations. Conclusion: In physically inactive people, the intensity of low back pain was much higher. This proves the relationship between activity levels and pain.
{"title":"Relationship between the number of steps taken during lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and low back pain","authors":"D. Boguszewski, P. Jankowski, J. Adamczyk, A. Szymanska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.9277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9277","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In 2020, the whole world was overwhelmed by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus threat. In order to prevent the spread of the virus, national governments introduced restrictions of movement in public space, closing schools, universities, many companies switched to remote working. In addition to the obvious benefits of the above changes, numerous side effects can be observed. One of them is pain in the locomotive organs caused by the sedentary lifestyle.\u0000\u0000Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the relationship between physical activity during quarantine, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the occurrence of spinal pain.\u0000\u0000Material and methods: The study was attended by 55 people (29 women and 26 men) who attended physiotherapeutic consultations due to low back pain. For comparison purposes, they were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=24) includes active persons, Group 2 (n=31) includes inactive persons. The survey was conducted in June 2020. The study used the reading of pedometers from mobile phones and the Rolland-Morris Questionnaire, Laitinen’s Pain Scale and author’s own questionnaire. The respondents were asked to share the pedometer results from given weeks before, during and after restriction causes by the COVID-19.\u0000\u0000Results: Physically active persons (those performing health training) performed more steps before introducing restrictions (p<0.001). After the introduction of restrictions, all-day activity decreased significantly in both groups. The evaluation of pain characteristics revealed significant differences (between groups) in two categories – pain intensity and physical activity limitation. Group 2 individuals also reported greater functional limitations.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: In physically inactive people, the intensity of low back pain was much higher. This proves the relationship between activity levels and pain.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44866597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-12DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8753
Marcin Piwecki, R. Wozniacka
Introduction: Palpation arises controversy in the field of physiotherapy. On the one hand, this method provides a lot of valuable information. On the other, issues related to its reliability still exist. Additionally, questions about factors affecting palpation and users’ dispositions should be taken into consideration. Research objectives: The main aim of the study was to determine the impact of visual impairment on the palpatory skills of massage therapists. Material and methods: The research involved 58 participants divided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of 23, visually-impaired massage therapists, the second one was made up of 22 massage therapists and the control group consisted of 13 people unrelated to massage. The subjects took the hair test, the weight test and the measurement of Static Two-Point Discrimination within the fingertips I-III, thenar and hypothenar. Results: The analysis does not show any significant differences between the first and second group. Statistics reveal differences between the group of massage practitioners (group 1 and 2) and the control group. Visual impairment was not the most influential factor in the study. Conclusions: The level of palpation skills may be modified in both visually-impaired and healthy people. However, mechanisms that allow these modifications remain unclear. On the basis of the research, visual impairment is not considered as the only factor affecting palpation skills. Experience in palpation may well be an equally important factor.
{"title":"Analysing the Influence of Selected Eye Dysfunctions on Palpation Abilities of Massage Therapists","authors":"Marcin Piwecki, R. Wozniacka","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8753","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Palpation arises controversy in the field of physiotherapy. On the one hand, this method provides a lot of valuable information. On the other, issues related to its reliability still exist. Additionally, questions about factors affecting palpation and users’ dispositions should be taken into consideration.\u0000\u0000Research objectives: The main aim of the study was to determine the impact of visual impairment on the palpatory skills of massage therapists.\u0000\u0000Material and methods: The research involved 58 participants divided into 3 groups. The first group consisted of 23, visually-impaired massage therapists, the second one was made up of 22 massage therapists and the control group consisted of 13 people unrelated to massage. The subjects took the hair test, the weight test and the measurement of Static Two-Point Discrimination within the fingertips I-III, thenar and hypothenar.\u0000\u0000Results: The analysis does not show any significant differences between the first and second group. Statistics reveal differences between the group of massage practitioners (group 1 and 2) and the control group. Visual impairment was not the most influential factor in the study.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: The level of palpation skills may be modified in both visually-impaired and healthy people. However, mechanisms that allow these modifications remain unclear. On the basis of the research, visual impairment is not considered as the only factor affecting palpation skills. Experience in palpation may well be an equally important factor.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43300648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-11DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8749
Dawid Janczarzyk, Krzysztof Jamka, E. Mikołajczyk, Bartosz Zając
Introduction: Myofascial pain syndromes and upper crossed syndrome (UCS) are common phenomena observed in society. The main reasons for their formation are postural defects and chronic muscle overload. Trigger points (TP) develop within the affected muscles, generating pain and other symptoms that worsen quality of life. A popular method of therapy is ischaemic compression (IC) of trigger points and muscle energy techniques (MET). However, in literature on the subject, there is a lack information on the effects of a series of therapies with these techniques on the reduction of pain and muscle tension. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the optimal myofascial technique in the treatment of patients with UCS presenting with pain and excessive tension in the trapezius muscle. Material and methods: In the study, 45 people with UCS with TP in the trapezius back muscle were qualified for the trial. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. Group A underwent a series of 5 IC trigger point treatments, while group B received a series of 5 MET treatments. Group C was a control group not subjected to any therapeutic intervention. Changes in pain threshold and muscle resting electrophysiological values after the completion of the 5-week therapy intervention were assessed. The Statistica 13 program was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: A significant increase in pain threshold on both sides of the body was demonstrated in groups A and B, but not in group C. Comparison of pain changes between the right and left sides showed no significant differences between groups. There was a significant decrease regarding tension in group C on both sides of the body and its increase in group A on the right side, however, in each case, these values were within the physiological norms. Conclusions: A series of 5 ischaemic compression treatments and muscle energy techniques are effective in reducing pain caused by latent trigger points in people with UCS but are not associated with changes in resting tension beyond physiological norms.
{"title":"Comparing the Effects of a Series of Ischaemic Compression Therapy and Muscle Energy Techniques on Pain Threshold and Muscle Tension in People with Upper Crossed Syndrome","authors":"Dawid Janczarzyk, Krzysztof Jamka, E. Mikołajczyk, Bartosz Zając","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8749","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Myofascial pain syndromes and upper crossed syndrome (UCS) are common phenomena observed in society. The main reasons for their formation are postural defects and chronic muscle overload. Trigger points (TP) develop within the affected muscles, generating pain and other symptoms that worsen quality of life. A popular method of therapy is ischaemic compression (IC) of trigger points and muscle energy techniques (MET). However, in literature on the subject, there is a lack information on the effects of a series of therapies with these techniques on the reduction of pain and muscle tension.\u0000\u0000Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the optimal myofascial technique in the treatment of patients with UCS presenting with pain and excessive tension in the trapezius muscle.\u0000\u0000Material and methods: In the study, 45 people with UCS with TP in the trapezius back muscle were qualified for the trial. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. Group A underwent a series of 5 IC trigger point treatments, while group B received a series of 5 MET treatments. Group C was a control group not subjected to any therapeutic intervention. Changes in pain threshold and muscle resting electrophysiological values after the completion of the 5-week therapy intervention were assessed. The Statistica 13 program was used for statistical analysis of the data.\u0000\u0000Results: A significant increase in pain threshold on both sides of the body was demonstrated in groups A and B, but not in group C. Comparison of pain changes between the right and left sides showed no significant differences between groups. There was a significant decrease regarding tension in group C on both sides of the body and its increase in group A on the right side, however, in each case, these values were within the physiological norms.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: A series of 5 ischaemic compression treatments and muscle energy techniques are effective in reducing pain caused by latent trigger points in people with UCS but are not associated with changes in resting tension beyond physiological norms.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47471425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-11DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.8748
A. Marszałek, T. Kasperczyk, R. Walaszek
Introduction: Autism is not a specific condition. It is, however, a comprehensive disorder of psychomotor and social development. A number of factors, both environmental (family-related) and genetic, are believed to be the cause of autism. The percentage of children affected by autism has been increasing over the past 20 years. It is assumed that statistically, approximately 20 children in every 10,000 will become affected by this condition. Autism is 4 times more common in boys than in girls. The disorder is characterised by impaired mental growth, and, consequently, social and motor development. Research objective: The aim of the article is to present the role of dog therapy in supporting the process of therapeutic rehabilitation among children with autism. In particular, the following aspects were taken into account: breeds of canines used in dog therapy, mechanisms of influence concerning dog therapy on the child's body, as well as the forms and results obtained. Material and methods: The work is a narrative review. It was written on the basis of the document analysis method with the use of quantitative and qualitative techniques, as well as database searches for Polish and foreign scientific literature on the subject, i.e. Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. In the article, the research results are presented in relation to the efficiency of applying dog therapy in the treatment of autistic children between 2002 and 2017, with emphasis on foreign literature. Results: The most commonly used forms of dog therapy used are: Animal Assisted Activity (AAA), Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) and Animal Assisted Education (AAE). Conclusions: The use of dogs in the process of therapeutic rehabilitation has positive influence both on the autistic child and his/her family environment. It helps cope better with many difficulties and motivates to take up more activities. Dog therapy affects all spheres of personal development, i.e. mental, motor and socio-emotional.
引言：自闭症不是一种特殊的情况。然而，它是心理运动和社会发展的综合障碍。许多因素，包括环境因素（家庭因素）和遗传因素，都被认为是自闭症的原因。在过去20年中，受自闭症影响的儿童比例一直在增加。据推测，从统计数据来看，每10000名儿童中约有20名会受到这种情况的影响。自闭症在男孩中的发病率是女孩的4倍。这种疾病的特点是精神发育受损，从而影响社会和运动发育。研究目的：本文旨在介绍狗疗法在支持自闭症儿童治疗康复过程中的作用。特别考虑了以下方面：用于犬类治疗的犬种、犬类治疗对儿童身体的影响机制，以及所获得的形式和结果。材料和方法：该作品是一篇叙述性综述。它是在文献分析方法的基础上编写的，使用了定量和定性技术，以及对波兰和外国有关该主题的科学文献的数据库搜索，即Web of Science、PubMed和Google Scholar。本文介绍了2002年至2017年期间应用狗疗法治疗自闭症儿童的效率的研究结果，并重点介绍了国外文献。结果：最常用的狗治疗形式有：动物辅助活动（AAA）、动物辅助治疗（AAT）和动物辅助教育（AAE）。结论：在治疗康复过程中使用狗对自闭症儿童及其家庭环境都有积极影响。它有助于更好地应对许多困难，并激励人们参加更多的活动。狗疗法影响到个人发展的各个领域，即精神、运动和社会情感。
{"title":"Dog Therapy in Supporting the Rehabilitation Process of Children with Autism","authors":"A. Marszałek, T. Kasperczyk, R. Walaszek","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.8748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.8748","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Autism is not a specific condition. It is, however, a comprehensive disorder of psychomotor and social development. A number of factors, both environmental (family-related) and genetic, are believed to be the cause of autism. The percentage of children affected by autism has been increasing over the past 20 years. It is assumed that statistically, approximately 20 children in every 10,000 will become affected by this condition. Autism is 4 times more common in boys than in girls. The disorder is characterised by impaired mental growth, and, consequently, social and motor development. Research objective: The aim of the article is to present the role of dog therapy in supporting the process of therapeutic rehabilitation among children with autism. In particular, the following aspects were taken into account: breeds of canines used in dog therapy, mechanisms of influence concerning dog therapy on the child's body, as well as the forms and results obtained. Material and methods: The work is a narrative review. It was written on the basis of the document analysis method with the use of quantitative and qualitative techniques, as well as database searches for Polish and foreign scientific literature on the subject, i.e. Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. In the article, the research results are presented in relation to the efficiency of applying dog therapy in the treatment of autistic children between 2002 and 2017, with emphasis on foreign literature. Results: The most commonly used forms of dog therapy used are: Animal Assisted Activity (AAA), Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) and Animal Assisted Education (AAE). Conclusions: The use of dogs in the process of therapeutic rehabilitation has positive influence both on the autistic child and his/her family environment. It helps cope better with many difficulties and motivates to take up more activities. Dog therapy affects all spheres of personal development, i.e. mental, motor and socio-emotional.","PeriodicalId":35329,"journal":{"name":"Rehabilitacja Medyczna","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49275624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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