Nikolaos Chrysagis, George A. Koumantakis, Georgios Theotokatos, E. Skordilis
Purpose. the study aim was to examine the effects of a 10-week school-based strengthening program on walking and stair-climbing ability of adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy. Methods. Overall, 35 participants, aged 12–19 years, were classified in 3 levels in accordance with the Gross Motor Function Classification System and randomly assigned to the experimental and control group. the experimental group participated in a 10-week progressive resistance exercise program during the adapted physical education class and performed functional strength exercises (sit-to-stand, lateral and front step-up), with a frequency of 3 times per week. the experimental and control groups continued their usual care at school regarding physical therapy and/or occupational therapy. Stair-climbing ability was assessed with the timed Up and Down Stairs test and walking ability was evaluated with the 10-m walk test and the 1-minute walk test. Results. there was a significant between-group improvement for stair-climbing ability favouring the intervention group ( F = 6.519, p = 0.016, 2 = 0.169), whereas walking ability as assessed with the 10-m walk test and the 1-minute walk test remained unchanged. Conclusions. A functional strengthening program administered in adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy may positively influence their stair-climbing ability, without any adverse effects.
目的。这项研究的目的是检查一个为期10周的以学校为基础的强化计划对患有脑瘫的青少年和年轻人行走和爬楼梯能力的影响。方法。根据大肌肉运动功能分类系统，将35名年龄在12-19岁的参与者分为3个级别，随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组在适应体育课期间参加为期10周的渐进式阻力训练计划，进行功能性力量练习(坐立、侧举、前举)，频率为每周3次。实验组和对照组继续他们在学校的常规护理，包括物理治疗和/或职业治疗。采用定时上下楼梯测试评估爬楼梯能力，采用10米步行测试和1分钟步行测试评估步行能力。结果。干预组在爬楼梯能力方面有显著改善(F = 6.519, p = 0.016, 2 = 0.169)，而10米步行测试和1分钟步行测试评估的步行能力保持不变。结论。对患有脑瘫的青少年和青壮年实施的功能强化计划可能会对他们爬楼梯的能力产生积极的影响，而不会产生任何不良反应。
{"title":"The effects of a strengthening program on walking and stair-climbing ability of adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Nikolaos Chrysagis, George A. Koumantakis, Georgios Theotokatos, E. Skordilis","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.111177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.111177","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. the study aim was to examine the effects of a 10-week school-based strengthening program on walking and stair-climbing ability of adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy. Methods. Overall, 35 participants, aged 12–19 years, were classified in 3 levels in accordance with the Gross Motor Function Classification System and randomly assigned to the experimental and control group. the experimental group participated in a 10-week progressive resistance exercise program during the adapted physical education class and performed functional strength exercises (sit-to-stand, lateral and front step-up), with a frequency of 3 times per week. the experimental and control groups continued their usual care at school regarding physical therapy and/or occupational therapy. Stair-climbing ability was assessed with the timed Up and Down Stairs test and walking ability was evaluated with the 10-m walk test and the 1-minute walk test. Results. there was a significant between-group improvement for stair-climbing ability favouring the intervention group ( F = 6.519, p = 0.016, 2 = 0.169), whereas walking ability as assessed with the 10-m walk test and the 1-minute walk test remained unchanged. Conclusions. A functional strengthening program administered in adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy may positively influence their stair-climbing ability, without any adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71103394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. the study aims to describe the adult’s overall cardiovascular disease risk factors prevalence, including arterial stiffness and physical inactivity. Methods. the cross-sectional study involved 197 adults (males: 42%; mean age: 47 ± 13 years) from a Portuguese health centre. traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors were measured during clinical assessment. Arterial stiffness was evaluated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( 10 m/s). Physical inactivity (< 30 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity) was objectively assessed with accelerometry. the statistical procedures included descriptive analysis (means, medians, and frequencies) and between-gender comparisons (chi-square test and t -test) for cardiovascular disease risk factors. Results. Cardiovascular disease risk factors prevalence was as follows: dyslipidaemia: 71%, physical inactivity: 51%, hypertension: 43%, metabolic syndrome: 36%, arterial stiffness: 31%, smoking: 29%, and obesity: 20%. the prevalence of cardio-vas cular disease risk factors increases with age and is higher in males than in females. the prevalence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome was higher in participants with a lower educational level. the majority of hypertensive patients were more physically inactive (56.5%) than active (43.5%; p = 0.044). Conclusions. the overall prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was high, with 1/3 having augmented arterial stiffening and half being physically inactive.
{"title":"Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in adults registered in a primary health unit of Porto","authors":"L. Bohn, A. Castro, José Oliveira","doi":"10.5114/hm.2021.106163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2021.106163","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. the study aims to describe the adult’s overall cardiovascular disease risk factors prevalence, including arterial stiffness and physical inactivity. Methods. the cross-sectional study involved 197 adults (males: 42%; mean age: 47 ± 13 years) from a Portuguese health centre. traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors were measured during clinical assessment. Arterial stiffness was evaluated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( 10 m/s). Physical inactivity (< 30 min/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity) was objectively assessed with accelerometry. the statistical procedures included descriptive analysis (means, medians, and frequencies) and between-gender comparisons (chi-square test and t -test) for cardiovascular disease risk factors. Results. Cardiovascular disease risk factors prevalence was as follows: dyslipidaemia: 71%, physical inactivity: 51%, hypertension: 43%, metabolic syndrome: 36%, arterial stiffness: 31%, smoking: 29%, and obesity: 20%. the prevalence of cardio-vas cular disease risk factors increases with age and is higher in males than in females. the prevalence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome was higher in participants with a lower educational level. the majority of hypertensive patients were more physically inactive (56.5%) than active (43.5%; p = 0.044). Conclusions. the overall prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was high, with 1/3 having augmented arterial stiffening and half being physically inactive.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71100632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charalampos Bamplekis, Y. Michailidis, Konstantinos Margonis, A. Kyranoudis, C. Zelenitsas, T. Metaxas
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to analyse the goals in soccer Italian League Serie A (2018–2019) in relation to (a) the number of total attempts; (b) the time reached; (c) the area from which the final action occurred. Also, the effect of achieving the first goal in the match outcome was studied. Methods. A total of 380 matches were studied, with 1019 goals scored. All matches were analysed with the SportScout software. chi-square test was used to find differences between the display frequencies of each variable. Results. More goals were scored in the second half of the match ( 2 = 25.438, p < 0.05) and in the last 15 minutes. Most goal attempts were made through the penalty box and outside of it ( 2 = 2365.002, p < 0.05), though the highest success rates were shown in the attempts from the goal box. Overall, 30% of the total number of goals were scored from set plays ( 2 = 171.493, p < 0.05), most of them after a corner shot ( 2 = 18.488, p < 0.05). Furthermore, it appeared that the first goal had a strong impact on the final outcome since in 67.34% of the cases, the team that scored first won the match. Conclusions. More goals were scored in the second half, especially in the last 15 minutes. coaches should prepare their players to be fit to cope with the whole match. They will also need to improve their defensive and offensive tactics in set plays.
{"title":"Goal analysis of the entire Italian National League Serie A","authors":"Charalampos Bamplekis, Y. Michailidis, Konstantinos Margonis, A. Kyranoudis, C. Zelenitsas, T. Metaxas","doi":"10.5114/hm.2021.106172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2021.106172","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this study was to analyse the goals in soccer Italian League Serie A (2018–2019) in relation to (a) the number of total attempts; (b) the time reached; (c) the area from which the final action occurred. Also, the effect of achieving the first goal in the match outcome was studied. Methods. A total of 380 matches were studied, with 1019 goals scored. All matches were analysed with the SportScout software. chi-square test was used to find differences between the display frequencies of each variable. Results. More goals were scored in the second half of the match ( 2 = 25.438, p < 0.05) and in the last 15 minutes. Most goal attempts were made through the penalty box and outside of it ( 2 = 2365.002, p < 0.05), though the highest success rates were shown in the attempts from the goal box. Overall, 30% of the total number of goals were scored from set plays ( 2 = 171.493, p < 0.05), most of them after a corner shot ( 2 = 18.488, p < 0.05). Furthermore, it appeared that the first goal had a strong impact on the final outcome since in 67.34% of the cases, the team that scored first won the match. Conclusions. More goals were scored in the second half, especially in the last 15 minutes. coaches should prepare their players to be fit to cope with the whole match. They will also need to improve their defensive and offensive tactics in set plays.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71101093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liga Irmane, I. Pontaga, Imants Upītis, Jelena Solovjova
Purpose. The aim of our study was to evaluate shoulder joint flexibility, shoulder muscle peak isometric force, and sub maximal force differentiation ability after warmup exercises, as well as to compare the peak isometric force and submaximal force differentiation ability before and after a 4.5km freestyle swimming trial in swimmers and triathletes. Methods. Overall, 15 qualified young male swimmers, 15 triathletes, and 14 controls participated. Their shoulder active range of motion (ROM) in internal rotation (IR), external rotation, flexion, extension, abduction were measured. The peak force and the ability to reproduce the submaximal forces of IR and extension muscles were compared before and after 4.5km freestyle swimming in aerobic regimen. Results. Swimmers and triathletes presented larger ROM in flexion and abduction in both arms, and in IR in the nondominant shoulder than controls. IR and extension muscle isometric peak forces were higher in swimmers and triathletes compared with controls. Strength side asymmetry was not observed in any group. Only triathletes’ IR force was higher in the dominant than in the nondominant shoulder. The submaximal force reproduction error did not differ among the groups. The peak forces and submaximal force reproduction errors did not change after the 4.5km swim but caused IR and extension muscles peak force side asymmetry, with stronger muscles in the dominant shoulder. Conclusions. Freestyle swimming at 4.5 km in aerobic regimen induced shoulder IR and extension muscle peak force side asymmetry without any decrease of their absolute values or significant worsening in the submaximal force reproduction error.
{"title":"Swimmers’ shoulder side asymmetry at rest and after aerobic load","authors":"Liga Irmane, I. Pontaga, Imants Upītis, Jelena Solovjova","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.107980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.107980","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of our study was to evaluate shoulder joint flexibility, shoulder muscle peak isometric force, and sub maximal force differentiation ability after warmup exercises, as well as to compare the peak isometric force and submaximal force differentiation ability before and after a 4.5km freestyle swimming trial in swimmers and triathletes. Methods. Overall, 15 qualified young male swimmers, 15 triathletes, and 14 controls participated. Their shoulder active range of motion (ROM) in internal rotation (IR), external rotation, flexion, extension, abduction were measured. The peak force and the ability to reproduce the submaximal forces of IR and extension muscles were compared before and after 4.5km freestyle swimming in aerobic regimen. Results. Swimmers and triathletes presented larger ROM in flexion and abduction in both arms, and in IR in the nondominant shoulder than controls. IR and extension muscle isometric peak forces were higher in swimmers and triathletes compared with controls. Strength side asymmetry was not observed in any group. Only triathletes’ IR force was higher in the dominant than in the nondominant shoulder. The submaximal force reproduction error did not differ among the groups. The peak forces and submaximal force reproduction errors did not change after the 4.5km swim but caused IR and extension muscles peak force side asymmetry, with stronger muscles in the dominant shoulder. Conclusions. Freestyle swimming at 4.5 km in aerobic regimen induced shoulder IR and extension muscle peak force side asymmetry without any decrease of their absolute values or significant worsening in the submaximal force reproduction error.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71101941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Olagbegi, T. Nadasan, Yoliswa Mazibuko, Esethu Mfenga, Khanyani Rangana, Risuna Themba
Purpose. Assessment of physical fitness (PF) in children as a health indicator is crucial for identifying areas requiring attention regarding the prevention of non-communicable diseases. this study aimed to evaluate and compare the PF profiles of rural and urban primary school children in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, 520 consecutive primary school children (urban: 260, rural: 260, age: 6–13 years) recruited from 2 randomly selected schools were assessed with the Eurofit test battery. Four components of the test were assessed: standing long jump (SLJ), sit-ups (SU), 5-m shuttle run test (5m-Srt), and cricket ball throw (cbt). composite z-scores for the tests were ranked by age and sex, and categorized into low, moderate, and high PF. Results. Urban and rural children were statistically comparable ( p > 0.05) regarding their age, weight, and height but rural children had a significantly higher body mass index ( p < 0.05) than their urban-based counterparts. rural children obtained significantly higher SLJ ( p < 0.001) and SU scores ( p < 0.001) and lower 5m-Srt scores ( p < 0.001) than those from the urban school but their cbt scores were statistically comparable ( p = 0.994). the prevalence of low PF status was significantly higher ( p < 0.001) among urban children (54.6%) compared with their rural counterparts (26.5%). Conclusions. Prevalence of low PF was higher among urban primary school learners compared with their rural counterparts. Place of residence should be considered when implementing effective interventions to promote physical activity and health.
{"title":"Physical fitness profile of rural versus urban primary school children in eThekwini district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"O. Olagbegi, T. Nadasan, Yoliswa Mazibuko, Esethu Mfenga, Khanyani Rangana, Risuna Themba","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.107974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.107974","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Assessment of physical fitness (PF) in children as a health indicator is crucial for identifying areas requiring attention regarding the prevention of non-communicable diseases. this study aimed to evaluate and compare the PF profiles of rural and urban primary school children in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, 520 consecutive primary school children (urban: 260, rural: 260, age: 6–13 years) recruited from 2 randomly selected schools were assessed with the Eurofit test battery. Four components of the test were assessed: standing long jump (SLJ), sit-ups (SU), 5-m shuttle run test (5m-Srt), and cricket ball throw (cbt). composite z-scores for the tests were ranked by age and sex, and categorized into low, moderate, and high PF. Results. Urban and rural children were statistically comparable ( p > 0.05) regarding their age, weight, and height but rural children had a significantly higher body mass index ( p < 0.05) than their urban-based counterparts. rural children obtained significantly higher SLJ ( p < 0.001) and SU scores ( p < 0.001) and lower 5m-Srt scores ( p < 0.001) than those from the urban school but their cbt scores were statistically comparable ( p = 0.994). the prevalence of low PF status was significantly higher ( p < 0.001) among urban children (54.6%) compared with their rural counterparts (26.5%). Conclusions. Prevalence of low PF was higher among urban primary school learners compared with their rural counterparts. Place of residence should be considered when implementing effective interventions to promote physical activity and health.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71101971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Ramos, Marcelo Corso, A. Brown, R. Simão, Ingrid Dias
Purpose. the study aim was to review the isokinetic strength assessment protocols, the obtained peak torque (Pt) values, and the hamstring/quadriceps ratio (H/Q); review the unilateral evaluation protocols and normative values for flexibility; and verify the existence of asymmetries between the limbs, muscle imbalances, or bilateral differences (BD) in the strength and flexibility of young soccer players. Methods. the PRISMA model was used. Searches were conducted in PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS, divided into soccer, isokinetic, and flexibility. Inclusion criteria: articles with a sample of young elite male soccer players with an average age less than 20 years; isokinetic strength assessment: presentation of values for absolute Pt and/or H/Q ratio; flexibility assessment: use of unilateral tests for the hip flexion movement. the quality and risk of bias in each study were also analysed. Results. In the isokinetic strength, a symmetrical pattern was observed for Pt and the H/Q ratio between the limbs and divergent results for BD. Regarding flexibility, it was possible to verify a tendency towards an asymmetry of flexibility, with a more flexible dominant than non-dominant leg. Evaluation protocols and normative values were proposed for the tests of isokinetic strength and flexibility. Conclusions. Imbalances for the H/Q ratio, asymmetries, and BD for isokinetic strength and flexibility are not natural aspects of the modality and should be avoided in young soccer players. the monitoring of these characteristics and the use of interventions to restore a symmetrical pattern have become essential since the beginning of sports life.
{"title":"Asymmetries of isokinetic strength and flexibility in young soccer players: a systematic review","authors":"Sarah Ramos, Marcelo Corso, A. Brown, R. Simão, Ingrid Dias","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.108317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.108317","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. the study aim was to review the isokinetic strength assessment protocols, the obtained peak torque (Pt) values, and the hamstring/quadriceps ratio (H/Q); review the unilateral evaluation protocols and normative values for flexibility; and verify the existence of asymmetries between the limbs, muscle imbalances, or bilateral differences (BD) in the strength and flexibility of young soccer players. Methods. the PRISMA model was used. Searches were conducted in PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS, divided into soccer, isokinetic, and flexibility. Inclusion criteria: articles with a sample of young elite male soccer players with an average age less than 20 years; isokinetic strength assessment: presentation of values for absolute Pt and/or H/Q ratio; flexibility assessment: use of unilateral tests for the hip flexion movement. the quality and risk of bias in each study were also analysed. Results. In the isokinetic strength, a symmetrical pattern was observed for Pt and the H/Q ratio between the limbs and divergent results for BD. Regarding flexibility, it was possible to verify a tendency towards an asymmetry of flexibility, with a more flexible dominant than non-dominant leg. Evaluation protocols and normative values were proposed for the tests of isokinetic strength and flexibility. Conclusions. Imbalances for the H/Q ratio, asymmetries, and BD for isokinetic strength and flexibility are not natural aspects of the modality and should be avoided in young soccer players. the monitoring of these characteristics and the use of interventions to restore a symmetrical pattern have become essential since the beginning of sports life.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71102360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. the present study assesses the extent to which delayed mechanical feedback affects technical and numerical long jump performance. Methods. the participants were 45 first-grade students from the Department of Physical Education of Umm Al-Qura University. they were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. the first experimental group used delayed mechanical feedback, the second experimental group applied fast visual feedback, and the control group received oral explanation and guidance of a teacher. the delayed mechanical feedback condition lasted for 6 weeks. Each week included 2 units, each lasting for 90 minutes. Results. the educational programs had a significant main effect on technical and numerical long jump performance ( p < 0.05), with a large effect size, as the percentage of improvement ranged 9.95–42.32%. Also, the differences across the 3 groups were statistically significant in terms of their technical and numerical performance ( p < 0.05), favouring the mechanical feedback group, except for the difference between the fast visual feedback and the teacher guidance groups. Conclusions. the delayed mechanical feedback program had a more significant positive effect on technical and numerical long jump performance than the other 2 programs.
{"title":"Effect of delayed mechanical feedback on long jump performance","authors":"U. Hasan, Esam Eldin Shaban Hasan","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.108320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.108320","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. the present study assesses the extent to which delayed mechanical feedback affects technical and numerical long jump performance. Methods. the participants were 45 first-grade students from the Department of Physical Education of Umm Al-Qura University. they were randomly divided into 3 equal groups. the first experimental group used delayed mechanical feedback, the second experimental group applied fast visual feedback, and the control group received oral explanation and guidance of a teacher. the delayed mechanical feedback condition lasted for 6 weeks. Each week included 2 units, each lasting for 90 minutes. Results. the educational programs had a significant main effect on technical and numerical long jump performance ( p < 0.05), with a large effect size, as the percentage of improvement ranged 9.95–42.32%. Also, the differences across the 3 groups were statistically significant in terms of their technical and numerical performance ( p < 0.05), favouring the mechanical feedback group, except for the difference between the fast visual feedback and the teacher guidance groups. Conclusions. the delayed mechanical feedback program had a more significant positive effect on technical and numerical long jump performance than the other 2 programs.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71102494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose. Participation in elite sporting competition for athletes with a disability has seen significant growth in recent years. there are relatively few studies on sports-related injuries in this population of athletes. thus, detailed understanding of musculoskeletal injury in this complex area of sport remains poor. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and perceived risk factors of musculoskeletal injuries among wheelchair athletes in Lagos State, South West, Nigeria. Methods. the study was a cross-sectional survey involving 63 wheelchair athletes, recruited from various stadia in Lagos State. Data on musculoskeletal injuries were collated by using an adapted questionnaire. Frequency and percentages were applied to summarize data. the chi-squared test served to find associations between variables. Results. the career, 12-month, and point prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among the wheelchair athletes were 93.7%, 61.9%, and 3.2%, respectively. the shoulder (66.7%) and forearm (31.7%) were the most common sites of injury. the most frequent perceived risk factors of musculoskeletal injury were fatigue (30.2%) and contact with other athletes (28.6%). No significant connections were found between the injured body parts and the 12-month injury prevalence in the wheelchair athletes ( p 0.05). Conclusions. there is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among wheelchair athletes. the upper extremities are the major site of injury owing to their continuous use to propel wheelchairs during sports activities and activities of daily living, which makes them vulnerable to injury.
{"title":"Prevalence, pattern and risk factors of musculoskeletal injuries among wheelchair athletes in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"O. Fapojuwo, Ro Kareem, O. Bejide","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.108322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.108322","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Participation in elite sporting competition for athletes with a disability has seen significant growth in recent years. there are relatively few studies on sports-related injuries in this population of athletes. thus, detailed understanding of musculoskeletal injury in this complex area of sport remains poor. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and perceived risk factors of musculoskeletal injuries among wheelchair athletes in Lagos State, South West, Nigeria. Methods. the study was a cross-sectional survey involving 63 wheelchair athletes, recruited from various stadia in Lagos State. Data on musculoskeletal injuries were collated by using an adapted questionnaire. Frequency and percentages were applied to summarize data. the chi-squared test served to find associations between variables. Results. the career, 12-month, and point prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among the wheelchair athletes were 93.7%, 61.9%, and 3.2%, respectively. the shoulder (66.7%) and forearm (31.7%) were the most common sites of injury. the most frequent perceived risk factors of musculoskeletal injury were fatigue (30.2%) and contact with other athletes (28.6%). No significant connections were found between the injured body parts and the 12-month injury prevalence in the wheelchair athletes ( p 0.05). Conclusions. there is a high prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among wheelchair athletes. the upper extremities are the major site of injury owing to their continuous use to propel wheelchairs during sports activities and activities of daily living, which makes them vulnerable to injury.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71102707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
João Martins, I. Mesquita, Ademilson Mendes, Letícia Santos, J. Afonso
In sports, game scenarios can be critical or non-critical, potentially presenting very distinct implications for the game flow. However, defining a critical scenario is not an easy task. Although there is some research on game scenarios, game situations, game moments, and critical moments, through this systematic review we intend to fill a gap in the knowledge of critical scenarios in order to structure the existing knowledge and pinpoint current limitations. the search was conducted in July of 2020 in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and, through a manual search, in Google Scholar. the eligibility criteria included original research with quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of critical game scenarios or game moments. the participants were humans of any gender, age group, health status, competitive level, or expertise. Risk of bias assessment involved 14 criteria in the evaluation of the studies. the study synthesis methods followed a qualitative synthesis of the main results of each study in the final sample. Of the 279 researched articles, only 4 met the inclusion criteria, i.e. only 4 provided data concerning critical game scenarios. their contributions are discussed in detail, as is the open research windows for the future. Overall, there is clearly a need for more research specifically addressing this topic, with a huge gap between theoretical relevance and actual investigation.
在体育游戏中，游戏场景可以是关键性的，也可以是非关键性的，这可能会对游戏流程产生非常不同的影响。然而，定义一个关键场景并不是一件容易的事。虽然有一些关于游戏情境、游戏情境、游戏时刻和关键时刻的研究，但通过这一系统性回顾，我们打算填补关键场景知识的空白，以便构建现有知识并指出当前的局限性。该搜索于2020年7月在Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed、SciELO和b谷歌Scholar中进行了手动搜索。资格标准包括对关键游戏场景或游戏时刻进行定量和/或定性分析的原创研究。参与者是任何性别、年龄组、健康状况、竞争水平或专业知识的人。偏倚风险评估涉及14项研究评价标准。研究综合方法是对最终样本中每个研究的主要结果进行定性综合。在279篇研究文章中，只有4篇符合纳入标准，即只有4篇提供了关于关键游戏场景的数据。详细讨论了他们的贡献，以及对未来开放的研究窗口。总的来说，显然需要更多专门针对这一主题的研究，理论相关性与实际调查之间存在巨大差距。
{"title":"Current understanding of critical game scenarios in team sports: systematic review","authors":"João Martins, I. Mesquita, Ademilson Mendes, Letícia Santos, J. Afonso","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.109068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.109068","url":null,"abstract":"In sports, game scenarios can be critical or non-critical, potentially presenting very distinct implications for the game flow. However, defining a critical scenario is not an easy task. Although there is some research on game scenarios, game situations, game moments, and critical moments, through this systematic review we intend to fill a gap in the knowledge of critical scenarios in order to structure the existing knowledge and pinpoint current limitations. the search was conducted in July of 2020 in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, and, through a manual search, in Google Scholar. the eligibility criteria included original research with quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of critical game scenarios or game moments. the participants were humans of any gender, age group, health status, competitive level, or expertise. Risk of bias assessment involved 14 criteria in the evaluation of the studies. the study synthesis methods followed a qualitative synthesis of the main results of each study in the final sample. Of the 279 researched articles, only 4 met the inclusion criteria, i.e. only 4 provided data concerning critical game scenarios. their contributions are discussed in detail, as is the open research windows for the future. Overall, there is clearly a need for more research specifically addressing this topic, with a huge gap between theoretical relevance and actual investigation.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71102990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ralph Grambow, Philipp Born, Craig O’Shannessy, Jonas Breuer, D. Meffert, T. Vogt
Purpose. The purpose was to identify possible gender-specific differences in long-term serve efficiency development in professional women’s and men’s tennis. Methods. The analyses focused on 2 approaches: (1) total tournament comparison and (2) 2 nd tournament week vs. 1 st tournament week comparison. The data include all single matches at the Wimbledon Championship between 2002 and 2015 (ladies: n = 1771, gentlemen: n = 1772). Results. The findings showed significant development differences in favour of elite men over elite women in both comparisons. regarding the total tournament comparison, men’s development of 2 nd serve points won ( p < 0.001; r = 0.86), 1 st serves in ( p < 0.05; r = 0.72), and double fault ( p < 0.001; r = 0.85) percentages improved significantly more. As per the 2 nd tournament week vs. 1 st tournament week comparison, men’s development of 2 nd serve points won ( p < 0.05; r = 0.68) and double fault ( p < 0.01; r = 0.86) percentages improved significantly more. Conclusions. The study revealed serve efficiency development advantages for men over women in both comparisons, especially regarding the quality of the 2 nd serve, whereas no development advantages in favour of women over men could be observed in any analysed parameter, indicating possible needs to adapt elite women’s coaching.
{"title":"Serve efficiency development in women’s vs. men’s professional tennis","authors":"Ralph Grambow, Philipp Born, Craig O’Shannessy, Jonas Breuer, D. Meffert, T. Vogt","doi":"10.5114/hm.2022.109071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2022.109071","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose was to identify possible gender-specific differences in long-term serve efficiency development in professional women’s and men’s tennis. Methods. The analyses focused on 2 approaches: (1) total tournament comparison and (2) 2 nd tournament week vs. 1 st tournament week comparison. The data include all single matches at the Wimbledon Championship between 2002 and 2015 (ladies: n = 1771, gentlemen: n = 1772). Results. The findings showed significant development differences in favour of elite men over elite women in both comparisons. regarding the total tournament comparison, men’s development of 2 nd serve points won ( p < 0.001; r = 0.86), 1 st serves in ( p < 0.05; r = 0.72), and double fault ( p < 0.001; r = 0.85) percentages improved significantly more. As per the 2 nd tournament week vs. 1 st tournament week comparison, men’s development of 2 nd serve points won ( p < 0.05; r = 0.68) and double fault ( p < 0.01; r = 0.86) percentages improved significantly more. Conclusions. The study revealed serve efficiency development advantages for men over women in both comparisons, especially regarding the quality of the 2 nd serve, whereas no development advantages in favour of women over men could be observed in any analysed parameter, indicating possible needs to adapt elite women’s coaching.","PeriodicalId":35354,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71103288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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