Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2023i1.15
Mro Siddiqi, T. Sarwar, R. Pervaiz, Aha Awad, AM Abdelbaky, WG Elmasry
Stem cells are of great significance, and their development has allowed healthcare workers to develop new treatment methods with more efficacy. Stem cells possess the ability to divide into all three germ layers but there are many ethical problems related to the use of these cells. Therefore, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were developed from the somatic cells, especially fibroblasts to overcome these issues. These cells also have the ability to divide into all three germ layers without any ethical problem. This allows them to advance in the field of stem cells. With their development scientists are now working on developing regenerative medicines. Heart problems are one of the leading causes of death around the globe and these iPSCs can help overcomes these problems with more efficacy and the least side effects.
{"title":"ROLE OF STEM CELLS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"Mro Siddiqi, T. Sarwar, R. Pervaiz, Aha Awad, AM Abdelbaky, WG Elmasry","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2023i1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2023i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cells are of great significance, and their development has allowed healthcare workers to develop new treatment methods with more efficacy. Stem cells possess the ability to divide into all three germ layers but there are many ethical problems related to the use of these cells. Therefore, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were developed from the somatic cells, especially fibroblasts to overcome these issues. These cells also have the ability to divide into all three germ layers without any ethical problem. This allows them to advance in the field of stem cells. With their development scientists are now working on developing regenerative medicines. Heart problems are one of the leading causes of death around the globe and these iPSCs can help overcomes these problems with more efficacy and the least side effects.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132333427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2023i1.16
R. Pervaiz, B. Arif, K. Tehreem, N. Gull, A. Munawar, S. Raza, M. Sufiyan
A global catastrophe caused by the COVID-19 epidemic has had negative effects on both health and the economy. The coagulation system may be involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 since D-Dimer, a measure of hypercoagulability, is higher in COVID-19 individuals with severe illness. In order to determine whether there is a relationship between D-Dimer levels and disease severity, this study measured the levels of D-Dimer in COVID-19 patients with severe and non-severe disease. The average age of the 72 confirmed COVID-19 patients in the research was 52.85 10.65. Based on the severity, the individuals were split into two groups, and the levels of D-Dimer were measured in each group. In contrast to individuals with less severe symptoms, those with severe COVID-19 symptoms had considerably higher levels of D-Dimer, according to the study. Cough, fever, breathing difficulties, and gastrointestinal symptoms were also discovered in the study to be statistically significant in patients with severe symptoms. The most prevalent co-morbid conditions among the individuals were hypertension and diabetes. These results emphasise the significance of identifying patients at risk for poor outcomes, tracking their D-Dimer levels and suggesting that D-Dimer levels may be a helpful prognostic marker in COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF D. DIMER VALUE IN COVID-19 INFECTED PATIENTS","authors":"R. Pervaiz, B. Arif, K. Tehreem, N. Gull, A. Munawar, S. Raza, M. Sufiyan","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2023i1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2023i1.16","url":null,"abstract":"A global catastrophe caused by the COVID-19 epidemic has had negative effects on both health and the economy. The coagulation system may be involved in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 since D-Dimer, a measure of hypercoagulability, is higher in COVID-19 individuals with severe illness. In order to determine whether there is a relationship between D-Dimer levels and disease severity, this study measured the levels of D-Dimer in COVID-19 patients with severe and non-severe disease. The average age of the 72 confirmed COVID-19 patients in the research was 52.85 10.65. Based on the severity, the individuals were split into two groups, and the levels of D-Dimer were measured in each group. In contrast to individuals with less severe symptoms, those with severe COVID-19 symptoms had considerably higher levels of D-Dimer, according to the study. Cough, fever, breathing difficulties, and gastrointestinal symptoms were also discovered in the study to be statistically significant in patients with severe symptoms. The most prevalent co-morbid conditions among the individuals were hypertension and diabetes. These results emphasise the significance of identifying patients at risk for poor outcomes, tracking their D-Dimer levels and suggesting that D-Dimer levels may be a helpful prognostic marker in COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133416244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.12
R. Pervaiz, B. Arif, T. Sarwar, AP Alam, A. Asghar, S. Raza, M. Rana, S. Hanif
The present study aims to investigate the psychological stress levels among nursing staff by measuring anxiety scores using the GAD-7 scale. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bahria town international hospital Lahore. 121 nursing staff were included in the study and divided into two groups. Group A was not directly involved in managing covid-19 patients, whereas group B was directly in contact with COVID-19 patient management. Our findings indicate a significant increase in anxiety levels among the exposed group. These results suggest that healthcare administrative authorities should consider these findings better to support the psychological well-being of nursing healthcare professionals.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF ANXIETY LEVELS IN NURSING STAFF DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"R. Pervaiz, B. Arif, T. Sarwar, AP Alam, A. Asghar, S. Raza, M. Rana, S. Hanif","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to investigate the psychological stress levels among nursing staff by measuring anxiety scores using the GAD-7 scale. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bahria town international hospital Lahore. 121 nursing staff were included in the study and divided into two groups. Group A was not directly involved in managing covid-19 patients, whereas group B was directly in contact with COVID-19 patient management. Our findings indicate a significant increase in anxiety levels among the exposed group. These results suggest that healthcare administrative authorities should consider these findings better to support the psychological well-being of nursing healthcare professionals.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114701393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Siddiqui, W. Iqbal, M. Rana, M. Sufiyan, Fsm Saleem, R. Pervaiz
Down syndrome is the fourth most come syndrome caused by chromosomal abnormalities. This syndrome includes many abnormalities such as thyroid hormone disfunction. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in clinically diagnosed cases of Down syndrome patients that were confirmed on karyotyping later before including in the study. This Cross-sectional study was carried out at different Hospitals of Lahore to find out the prevalence of thyroid hormone dysfunction in 50 clinically diagnosed Down syndrome (DS) subjects from September 2019 to May 2021 by measuring thyroid function test (T3, T4, TSH), and antithyroid antibodies (ATA). A total 50 Down syndrome cases were included in the study and found majority of the patients were males 33(66.0%) while 17(34.0%) were female. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 27 (54%) of DS subjects, of whom 13 (26.0%) had hypothyroidism, 08 (16.0%) were having subclinical hypothyroidism, 01 (2.0%) had sick thyroid syndrome, 4 (8.0%) were hyperthyroidism and 01 (2.0%) were subclinical hyperthyroidism. ATA was positive in 07 (14.0%) patients of DS, of whom 02 (28%) were male and 05 were female (72%), 03 had hypothyroidism, 02 had hyperthyroidism, 02 had subclinical hypothyroidism. remaining 23 (46.0%) were having euthyroid status. This study showed 54% of down syndrome patients that were clinically diagnosed had thyroid hormone dysfunction. It can be concluded that thyroid hormone dysfunction in found in high prevalence in DS patients.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THYROID HORMONE ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS OF DOWN SYNDROME","authors":"M. Siddiqui, W. Iqbal, M. Rana, M. Sufiyan, Fsm Saleem, R. Pervaiz","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Down syndrome is the fourth most come syndrome caused by chromosomal abnormalities. This syndrome includes many abnormalities such as thyroid hormone disfunction. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in clinically diagnosed cases of Down syndrome patients that were confirmed on karyotyping later before including in the study. This Cross-sectional study was carried out at different Hospitals of Lahore to find out the prevalence of thyroid hormone dysfunction in 50 clinically diagnosed Down syndrome (DS) subjects from September 2019 to May 2021 by measuring thyroid function test (T3, T4, TSH), and antithyroid antibodies (ATA). A total 50 Down syndrome cases were included in the study and found majority of the patients were males 33(66.0%) while 17(34.0%) were female. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 27 (54%) of DS subjects, of whom 13 (26.0%) had hypothyroidism, 08 (16.0%) were having subclinical hypothyroidism, 01 (2.0%) had sick thyroid syndrome, 4 (8.0%) were hyperthyroidism and 01 (2.0%) were subclinical hyperthyroidism. ATA was positive in 07 (14.0%) patients of DS, of whom 02 (28%) were male and 05 were female (72%), 03 had hypothyroidism, 02 had hyperthyroidism, 02 had subclinical hypothyroidism. remaining 23 (46.0%) were having euthyroid status. This study showed 54% of down syndrome patients that were clinically diagnosed had thyroid hormone dysfunction. It can be concluded that thyroid hormone dysfunction in found in high prevalence in DS patients.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115462358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.13
R. Pervaiz, H. Aslam, T. Sarwar, T. Hafeez, M. Rana, B. Arif, S. Raza, S. Hanif
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) being a contagious ailment which is ambiguous to manage, in particular, in tropical countries. Social capital is the term considered to develop the entire communities’ capability to work and coordinates mutually to resolve a communal health dilemma. The incidence of dengue fever can be vetoed and minimized by raising the self-awareness of community about the impact of that incident via social capital which are built on trust, cooperation and mutual teamwork that can facilitate to increase public understanding and awareness. Community-based dengue fever control programs have been executed in numerous countries to avert the spread of dengue fever. The echelon of triumph and efficacy of community-based dengue fever control programs rely on the capacity of community to eagerly recognize and pertain projects. The programs should be designed to increase awareness about prevention and lessen the transmission of dengue fever vectors on the individual level. A core reason was the failure to involve and activate of all the community social capital, a lack of freedom for the involvement of community, and vague strategies on related areas implicated in community-based dengue fever control program activities, in this manner, affecting their enduring sustainability and efficacy.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF PROGRAMS TO CONTROL THE ENDEMIC DENGUE FEVER: A LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"R. Pervaiz, H. Aslam, T. Sarwar, T. Hafeez, M. Rana, B. Arif, S. Raza, S. Hanif","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) being a contagious ailment which is ambiguous to manage, in particular, in tropical countries. Social capital is the term considered to develop the entire communities’ capability to work and coordinates mutually to resolve a communal health dilemma. The incidence of dengue fever can be vetoed and minimized by raising the self-awareness of community about the impact of that incident via social capital which are built on trust, cooperation and mutual teamwork that can facilitate to increase public understanding and awareness. Community-based dengue fever control programs have been executed in numerous countries to avert the spread of dengue fever. The echelon of triumph and efficacy of community-based dengue fever control programs rely on the capacity of community to eagerly recognize and pertain projects. The programs should be designed to increase awareness about prevention and lessen the transmission of dengue fever vectors on the individual level. A core reason was the failure to involve and activate of all the community social capital, a lack of freedom for the involvement of community, and vague strategies on related areas implicated in community-based dengue fever control program activities, in this manner, affecting their enduring sustainability and efficacy.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129632671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.11
Muhammad Pervaiz, N. Gull, Sma Merchant, B. Arif, A. Naz, M. Waheed, S. Raza, S. Taj, I. Ali
To determine the incidence rate of seborrheic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid, rosacea, and melanoma among the patients diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. A cross-sectional, observational study. From 13th May 2020 to 13th April 2022 at Bahria International Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 80 patients with confirmed Parkinson's disease were evaluated for skin disorders. Disease severity was confirmed through Hoehn Yahr staging criteria (H-Y stage). Skin characteristics and disease diagnosis was made through finding sebum production levels, hot/cold flush test, immunofluorescence, and biopsy evaluation for seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea, bullous pemphigoid, and melanoma, respectively. The test results were compared with the control subject. Chi2 and student t-test was used to find the significance of the results. Out of 80, 44 patients were positive for skin disorders. The incidence of seborrheic dermatitis was found in 31.2% of patients whereas rosacea, bullous pemphigoid, and melanoma were found in 15%, 6.2%, and 2.5% of patients, respectively. Skin disorders are highly prevalent among Parkinson’s disease patients than in the control population. The study invites further research in this area so that the quality of life of patients could be improved.
{"title":"DERMATOLOGICAL ISSUES IN PATIENT WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE","authors":"Muhammad Pervaiz, N. Gull, Sma Merchant, B. Arif, A. Naz, M. Waheed, S. Raza, S. Taj, I. Ali","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the incidence rate of seborrheic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid, rosacea, and melanoma among the patients diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. A cross-sectional, observational study. From 13th May 2020 to 13th April 2022 at Bahria International Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 80 patients with confirmed Parkinson's disease were evaluated for skin disorders. Disease severity was confirmed through Hoehn Yahr staging criteria (H-Y stage). Skin characteristics and disease diagnosis was made through finding sebum production levels, hot/cold flush test, immunofluorescence, and biopsy evaluation for seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea, bullous pemphigoid, and melanoma, respectively. The test results were compared with the control subject. Chi2 and student t-test was used to find the significance of the results. Out of 80, 44 patients were positive for skin disorders. The incidence of seborrheic dermatitis was found in 31.2% of patients whereas rosacea, bullous pemphigoid, and melanoma were found in 15%, 6.2%, and 2.5% of patients, respectively. Skin disorders are highly prevalent among Parkinson’s disease patients than in the control population. The study invites further research in this area so that the quality of life of patients could be improved.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125864497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.10
R. Pervaiz, T. Bibi, B. Arif, A. Munawar, R. Sitara, M. Qayyum, A. Raza, A. Shahper, MM Hafeez
COVID-19 Sars Co V2 or Corona Virus disease is a highly infectious multisystem disease with severe acute lung injury leading to ARDS and respiratory failure as its main complication. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a complication which is though uncommon but could be life threatening and hence carries poor prognosis. We hereby describe a series of six cases of spontaneous pneumothorax which were seen in Bahria International Hospital COVID management unit during last 3 months of COVID-19 surge in Lahore These cases indicate that multiple factors are associated with development of spontaneous pneumothorax in COVID-19 pneumonia patients but main role is played by the increased inflammatory response and can be regarded as a potential underlying mechanism of pneumothorax in such patients, leading to acute decompensation and worsening of respiratory failure and poor outcome.
COVID-19 Sars Co V2或冠状病毒病是一种高度传染性的多系统疾病，以严重急性肺损伤导致ARDS和呼吸衰竭为主要并发症。自发性气胸是一种罕见的并发症，但可能危及生命，因此预后不良。我们在此描述最近3个月拉合尔市COVID-19疫情高峰期间，在巴利亚国际医院COVID管理部门发现的6例自发性气胸的一系列病例。这些病例表明，多种因素与COVID-19肺炎患者自发性气胸的发生有关，但炎症反应的增加起主要作用，可视为这类患者发生气胸的潜在机制。导致急性失代偿，加重呼吸衰竭和预后不良。
{"title":"COVID 19 AND SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX, RETROSPECTIVE CASE SERIES","authors":"R. Pervaiz, T. Bibi, B. Arif, A. Munawar, R. Sitara, M. Qayyum, A. Raza, A. Shahper, MM Hafeez","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2022i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 Sars Co V2 or Corona Virus disease is a highly infectious multisystem disease with severe acute lung injury leading to ARDS and respiratory failure as its main complication. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a complication which is though uncommon but could be life threatening and hence carries poor prognosis. We hereby describe a series of six cases of spontaneous pneumothorax which were seen in Bahria International Hospital COVID management unit during last 3 months of COVID-19 surge in Lahore These cases indicate that multiple factors are associated with development of spontaneous pneumothorax in COVID-19 pneumonia patients but main role is played by the increased inflammatory response and can be regarded as a potential underlying mechanism of pneumothorax in such patients, leading to acute decompensation and worsening of respiratory failure and poor outcome.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122202210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.9
M. Rana, M. Hashmi, R. Pervaiz, A. Qayyum, M. Saif, M. Munir, MM Hafeez
Introduction: COVID-19 virus initiates an inflammatory response in the body involving many cytokines. Interluukin-6 (IL-6) is one of them, elevated levels of which found to be directly related to morbidity and mortality of infected patients. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical benefits of Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6 receptor, as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019. Methods: The current retrospective study was conducted at Bahria Town International hospital from rom May 1st to 5th July 2020. Total of one twenty (n=120) moderate to severely ill patients (94 males and 26 females), infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus, were included to assess the effect of TOCILIZUMAB in improvement of PF ratio and other biochemical variables of prognostic importance, including CRP, serum ferritin levels, D-dimers and LDH. These parameters were compared before and after the ten days of treatment with tocilizumab. Demographic, laboratory and clinical finding were recorded for the feather analyses. Statistical analysis was performed by using software SPSS version 21.0. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test used to compare parameters whenever appropriate. A P‐value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results of our study showed statistically significant improvement in PF ratio and decrease in CRP levels. Other parameters such as D-Dimer, Serum ferritin levels and LDH showed no change before and after treatment with tocilizumab. Conclusion: In summary, TOCILIZUMAB improved the PF and CRP ratio in COVID-19 patients, but other markers did not improve in response to TOCILIZUMAB in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF TREATMENT WITH TOCILIZUMAB IN MODERATE TO CRITICALLY ILL COVID-19 PATIENTS","authors":"M. Rana, M. Hashmi, R. Pervaiz, A. Qayyum, M. Saif, M. Munir, MM Hafeez","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19 virus initiates an inflammatory response in the body involving many cytokines. Interluukin-6 (IL-6) is one of them, elevated levels of which found to be directly related to morbidity and mortality of infected patients. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical benefits of Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6 receptor, as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019. Methods: The current retrospective study was conducted at Bahria Town International hospital from rom May 1st to 5th July 2020. Total of one twenty (n=120) moderate to severely ill patients (94 males and 26 females), infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus, were included to assess the effect of TOCILIZUMAB in improvement of PF ratio and other biochemical variables of prognostic importance, including CRP, serum ferritin levels, D-dimers and LDH. These parameters were compared before and after the ten days of treatment with tocilizumab. Demographic, laboratory and clinical finding were recorded for the feather analyses. Statistical analysis was performed by using software SPSS version 21.0. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test used to compare parameters whenever appropriate. A P‐value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results of our study showed statistically significant improvement in PF ratio and decrease in CRP levels. Other parameters such as D-Dimer, Serum ferritin levels and LDH showed no change before and after treatment with tocilizumab. Conclusion: In summary, TOCILIZUMAB improved the PF and CRP ratio in COVID-19 patients, but other markers did not improve in response to TOCILIZUMAB in critically ill COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125229203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-28DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.7
M. Rana, B. Arif, M. Siddiqui, S. Raza, M. Hashmi, MM Hafeez
During pandemics, hospital administration does not allow family members to visit their loved ones. There is a need to develop standards and processes that may be followed when a family member enters an ICU or ward to prevent cross infection. These rules should also be put in place during epidemics to ensure that family have safe access to their patients.
{"title":"STRATEGIES TO ALLOW FAMILY VISITS TO ACUTE CARE UNITS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"M. Rana, B. Arif, M. Siddiqui, S. Raza, M. Hashmi, MM Hafeez","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"During pandemics, hospital administration does not allow family members to visit their loved ones. There is a need to develop standards and processes that may be followed when a family member enters an ICU or ward to prevent cross infection. These rules should also be put in place during epidemics to ensure that family have safe access to their patients.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"312 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123397726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.6
A. Asghar, Z. Asjad, H. Tahir, Z. Maheen, S. Hanif
The blood disorder, Hemophilia, has its roots embedded deep into the history of genetic disorders. The European royal family is one of the most prominent families to be affected by this disease thus, dubbing it 'the royal disease'. The types of Hemophilia are divided into two based on the type of coagulation factor mutation found in the patient. For treating haemophilia, gene therapy is done by using different vectors such as lentiviral and retroviral vectors but due to the production of limited expression different adeno associated virus (AAV) strains are used. Some engineerly modified vectors are currently used to get the best possible results. The clinical trials prove the efficacy of these vectors so through their obtained statistical consideration, patient experience and population study once can design vaccines and drugs for haemophilia patients but also due to pre-existing Nabs and pre-existing HCV or HBV infection, the general application of AAV gene therapy is currently limited. The possibility of gene editing for the repair of the mutation is on the horizon.
{"title":"GENE THERAPY FOR HAEMOPHILIA","authors":"A. Asghar, Z. Asjad, H. Tahir, Z. Maheen, S. Hanif","doi":"10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v2021i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The blood disorder, Hemophilia, has its roots embedded deep into the history of genetic disorders. The European royal family is one of the most prominent families to be affected by this disease thus, dubbing it 'the royal disease'. The types of Hemophilia are divided into two based on the type of coagulation factor mutation found in the patient. For treating haemophilia, gene therapy is done by using different vectors such as lentiviral and retroviral vectors but due to the production of limited expression different adeno associated virus (AAV) strains are used. Some engineerly modified vectors are currently used to get the best possible results. The clinical trials prove the efficacy of these vectors so through their obtained statistical consideration, patient experience and population study once can design vaccines and drugs for haemophilia patients but also due to pre-existing Nabs and pre-existing HCV or HBV infection, the general application of AAV gene therapy is currently limited. The possibility of gene editing for the repair of the mutation is on the horizon.","PeriodicalId":353986,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130652617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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