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Pole of inaccessibility as polygons for the development of a nature-oriented recreation system in Russia 不可达极点作为多边形为俄罗斯自然导向的游憩系统的发展
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301121k
A. Korolev
The concept of the pole of inaccessibility is defined as the point which is situated as far as possible from the boundary objects, which are: operating settlements, year-round roads or railways, the coastline of navigable water bodies, as well as areas with ongoing economic activity with a change in landscape type. The structure of non-populated areas, which can be heterogeneous and have a focus and a periphery, has been studied. 4 levels of uninhabited areas have been identified: local, regional, national-continental and planetary. Uninhabited areas are the testing ground for the development of nature-oriented recreational system (NRS). NRS is a variant of the classical territorial recreational system (TRS) on uninhabited territories, consisting of four subsystems: uninhabited areas, tourists, regulatory authorities and service personnel. In most cases the development of the NRS is carried out without its transformation into the TRS, and it is necessary so that tourists can plan their routes logically and safely, in the most interesting and attractive places.
不可达极点的概念被定义为尽可能远离边界对象的点,这些边界对象是:经营性定居点,全年公路或铁路,可通航水体的海岸线,以及正在进行经济活动的景观类型变化的地区。研究了具有中心和边缘的异质无人区的结构。已确定了4个级别的无人居住地区:地方、区域、国家-大陆和全球。无人区是开发以自然为导向的游憩系统的试验场。NRS是经典领土游憩系统(TRS)在无人居住领土上的变体,由无人居住区域、游客、监管机构和服务人员四个子系统组成。在大多数情况下,NRS的发展是在没有转变为TRS的情况下进行的,这是必要的,这样游客就可以在最有趣和最有吸引力的地方逻辑安全地规划他们的路线。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing landslide susceptibility, analyzing and ranking causes. Case study of the northeastern region of Bouira-Djebahia, Algeria 滑坡易感性评估,成因分析及排序。阿尔及利亚Bouira-Djebahia东北部地区的案例研究
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301157d
Naima Dilmi, H. Boutabba
This study aims to use Sig-Ahm integration to assess the susceptibility to land-slide risk in the municipality of Djebahia, located in the northwest of the province of Bouira (central Algeria). Using spatial data, this work is also intended to study the main factors that cause the risk of landslides in the study area. Five factors were considered in this research: slope, appearance, altitude, land use and vegetation cover, and drainage. These factors are weighted and ranked using the AHP method to generate a final map that represents the susceptibility of the study area to landslides. The map shows results at four levels, from very low to very high susceptibility.
本研究的目的是利用sigg - ahm整合来评估位于Bouira省西北部(阿尔及利亚中部)的Djebahia市对滑坡风险的易损性。利用空间数据,对研究区滑坡风险的主要影响因素进行研究。该研究考虑了五个因素:坡度、外观、海拔、土地利用和植被覆盖以及排水。使用AHP方法对这些因素进行加权和排序,以生成代表研究区域对滑坡易感性的最终地图。该地图显示了四个级别的结果,从非常低到非常高的敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
GIS analysis of the forest fire occurrence possibilities and their impact on tourism offer of the Sokobanja municipality 索科班加市森林火灾发生可能性及其对旅游业影响的GIS分析
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301279j
Dušica Jovanović, Sanja Stojković
The tourism sector, which is a significant driver of economic development, is particularly vulnerable to the risks of forest fires. Forest fires are a natural disaster that can have enormous consequences for tourism. This paper analyses the possibility of forest fires occurrence and their impact on tourist facilities in the Sokobanja municipality. Forest fires can occur naturally or as a result of anthropogenic impact. For the purposes of this analysis data about land cover, relief characteristics (slope and aspect) and distance from roads and settlements were used and processed in GIS environment (open source software ?QGIS?). Based on the forest fire susceptibility index, areas with different degrees of endangerment were identified, which were then overlapped with the locations of tourist facilities. The applied methodology can be used except for the identification of endangered areas and the prediction of the degree of danger to the tourist offer and for the planning of appropriate prevention measures.
旅游业是经济发展的重要推动力,尤其容易受到森林火灾风险的影响。森林火灾是一种自然灾害,可能对旅游业产生巨大影响。本文分析了索kobanja市森林火灾发生的可能性及其对旅游设施的影响。森林火灾可能是自然发生的,也可能是人为影响的结果。为了进行分析,我们使用了土地覆盖、地形特征(坡度和坡向)以及与道路和居民点的距离等数据,并在GIS环境(开源软件?QGIS?)中进行处理。根据森林火灾易感指数,确定不同程度的危险区域,并与旅游设施的位置重叠。除了确定濒危地区和预测旅游产品的危险程度以及规划适当的预防措施外,所应用的方法还可以使用。
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引用次数: 0
The conflict between nature preservation and tourism in nature monument “Suma Kosutnjak” 自然纪念地“苏马科苏坦亚克”中自然保护与旅游的冲突
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301447b
Irena Blagajac
The subject of study is the conflict between nature preservation and tourism in SP ?Suma Kosutnjak? and our task is to recognize the source of the conflict, defining its causation along with possible consequences. The consequences are attributed to the excessive impact tourists have on natural treasure of the protected area. This study additionally considers the immense touristic potential, under a caveat to reduce the influence of tourism on the environment as much as possible. The goal of this study is to suggest which measures can be used to lessen the conflict and recognize which locations have the highest potential for environmental protection and tourism development. The study was made using analysis, synthesis, comparative and AHP methods. The analysed criteria for nature preservation and development of tourism are land use, distance from the roads and forest trails. It was necessary to analyse distance from settlements for nature preservation, and analyse the terrain slope for tourism development. The listed criteria are marked from 1 to 5 based on their importance for environmental protection and tourism. Research results were shown in tables, graphs and cartograms (using GIS tool).
本文的研究主题是苏玛科苏坦贾克的自然保护与旅游业之间的冲突。我们的任务是认识到冲突的根源,确定其原因以及可能的后果。造成这种后果的原因是游客对保护区的自然宝藏造成了过度的影响。本研究还考虑了巨大的旅游潜力,在警告下尽可能减少旅游业对环境的影响。本研究的目的是建议可以采取哪些措施来减少冲突,并认识到哪些地点具有最大的环境保护和旅游发展潜力。采用分析、综合、比较、层次分析法进行研究。自然保护和旅游业发展的分析标准是土地利用、距离道路和森林步道的距离。分析与聚落的距离有利于自然保护,分析地形坡度有利于旅游开发。列出的标准根据其对环境保护和旅游的重要性从1到5打分。研究结果以表格、图形和地图的形式显示(使用GIS工具)。
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引用次数: 0
Tourist satisfaction with services of tourism in the Pcinja district 游客对平恰区旅游服务的满意度
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301387m
Andjelina Maric-Stankovic
The Pcinja District is located in the southeast of Serbia and represents an area with natural and anthropogenic tourist attractions as the basis of the tourist offer of the destination itself. However, in addition to tourist attractions and tourist infrastructure and superstructure as elements of tourist valorisation of the destination, the tourist staff is also a significant and indispensable factor of the tourist affirmation of the area. Tourism employees affect the entire tourist offer and thus affect the tourist traffic in the destination by virtue of how they operate, improve and conduct their business with the tourists. The aim of this paper is to present the degree of tourist satisfaction with the services of tourism employees during their stay in the Pcinja District. The degree of tourist satisfaction was determined by empirical research conducted in the area of the district in the second half of 2021, in which 526 respondents/tourists participated. The results were analysed using the IBM SPSS Statistic 20 software package. Partial (dis)satisfaction of respondents/tourists with the elements of tourist infrastructure and superstructure, as well as with the services of tourism employees, is shown by the obtained relatively low average scores of the analyzed variables. Using the T-test and ANOVA, it was concluded that the degree of (dis)satisfaction of tourists does not statistically significantly differ according to gender and age, that is, they generally have a uniform attitude when it comes to the development of the tourist infrastructure and superstructure and the features of the services of tourism employees in the Pcinj? District.
pinja区位于塞尔维亚东南部,是一个拥有自然和人为旅游景点的地区,是旅游目的地本身的基础。然而,除了旅游景点和旅游基础设施和上层建筑作为目的地旅游增值的要素外,旅游人员也是游客对该地区的肯定的重要和不可或缺的因素。旅游员工通过经营、改进和开展与游客的业务,影响着整个旅游报价,从而影响着目的地的旅游客流量。本文的目的是呈现游客对旅游工作人员服务的满意度程度,在他们停留在皮尼亚区。游客满意度是通过2021年下半年在该地区进行的实证研究来确定的,共有526名受访者/游客参与了调查。采用IBM SPSS Statistic 20软件包对结果进行分析。受访者/游客对旅游基础设施和上层建筑要素以及旅游从业人员的服务部分(不)满意,从所分析变量的平均得分相对较低可以看出。通过t检验和方差分析,得出旅游者的不满意程度在性别和年龄上没有统计学上的显著差异,即旅游者对旅游基础设施和上层建筑的发展以及旅游从业人员的服务特点的态度基本一致。区。
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引用次数: 0
Hypsometrical distribution of settlements as a factor of regional differentiation of the gender-age structure of the population of West Morava Valley 住区的假设分布是西莫拉瓦山谷人口性别年龄结构区域分化的一个因素
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301001m
Saša Milosavljević, Ivana Penjisevic, T. Lukić
The paper analysed some aspects of changes in the biological structures of the population in 230 settlements of West Morava Valley, from the position of the type of settlement and the hypsometric zone to which they belong. Bearing in mind that there are significant height differences in the relief of West Morava Valley (144-1,321 m above sea level), its breakdown caused the regional differentiation of settlements according to the size and structures of the population living in them. The statistical analysis was performed in two-period sections (1971 and 2011). The reason for this is that the 1970s were the most dynamic socio-economic transformation of the studied region, caused by the impact of industrialization and urbanization. The results obtained during the research show that the aging of the population in West Morava Valley has reached such a level that it represents a first-class problem. In the analysed forty-year period, the participation of the old population (60 and over) doubled (from 12.8% to 25.2%), while the aging index increased even three times (from 0.42 to 1.27). The population of West Morava Valley is in the stage of the deepest demographic age, with the difference that rural settlements at higher altitudes age much faster. The differences in the gender structure of the population between the urban and rural settlements of the region are not so drastically expressed, but in both categories the dominance of the female contingent is evident.
本文分析了西摩拉瓦河谷230个聚落人口生物结构的变化,从聚落类型的位置和聚落所属的分区等方面进行了分析。考虑到西摩拉瓦山谷(海拔144-1,321米)的地形高度差异很大,它的破裂造成了根据居住在其中的人口的规模和结构而产生的区域差异。统计分析分为两个时间段(1971年和2011年)。其原因是,在工业化和城市化的影响下,20世纪70年代是研究区域最具活力的社会经济转型时期。研究结果表明,西摩拉瓦山谷的人口老龄化已经达到了一级问题的程度。在分析的四十年期间,老年人口(60岁及以上)的参与率翻了一番(从12.8%增加到25.2%),而老龄化指数甚至增加了三倍(从0.42增加到1.27)。西莫拉瓦山谷的人口正处于人口老龄化最严重的阶段,不同之处在于,海拔较高的农村定居点老龄化得更快。该区域城市和农村住区之间人口性别结构的差异并没有如此明显地表现出来,但在这两类人中,女性特遣队的优势是明显的。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-cropping: A land-use pattern that supports livelihood activities and prevents land degradation in Sierra Leone 复种:塞拉利昂支持生计活动和防止土地退化的一种土地利用模式
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301433f
M. Fayiah, Alie Turay, M. Fayiah, S. Singh, V. Verkhoturov
Land is a precious resource that requires adequate management attention to harness its potential of sustaining life and enhancing livelihood for all. The emergence of multi-cropping practices in Sierra Leone has negative and positive outcomes regarding environ-mental degradation. This article tries to synthesize multi-cropping land use challenges, benefits and role in tackling land degradation. The study was conducted in Mile 91 surrounding communities, Yoni Chiefdom, Tonkolili District, Northern provinces, Sierra Leone. A total of 100 respondents were randomly selected and interviewed. Additional data was collected through observation, group discussions and desktop review. The study reveals that multi-cropping practices, farming and deforestation were the main drivers of land-use change in the study. The key challenges facing the sustainable management of lands in Sierra Leone are obsolete land policies, complex land tenure system and conventional shifting cultivation practices. The land ownership system is strictly communal, with only a few families owning family bushes. The influx of recruited workers from overseas and other parts of Sierra Leone has positive and negative denotation. The study found that social problems like land confrontations, increase in food prices, school dropout rate, and dilution of traditional beliefs and norms are common in the study area. It is concluded that land-use change by multi-cropping is affecting the sustainable land management plan across the country. It is recommended that the government review past land policies and land tenure systems to tackle land confrontations soon.
土地是一种宝贵的资源,需要在管理方面给予足够的重视,以利用其维持所有人的生命和改善生计的潜力。塞拉利昂出现的复种做法对环境退化有消极和积极的影响。本文试图综合考虑多作土地利用在解决土地退化问题中的挑战、效益和作用。该研究是在塞拉利昂北部省份通科利利区Yoni Chiefdom的Mile 91周边社区进行的。随机抽取100名受访者进行访谈。通过观察、小组讨论和桌面回顾收集其他数据。该研究表明,复种、耕作和毁林是研究中土地利用变化的主要驱动因素。塞拉利昂土地可持续管理面临的主要挑战是过时的土地政策、复杂的土地权属制度和传统的轮作耕作方式。土地所有权制度是严格的公社制,只有少数家庭拥有家庭灌木。从海外和塞拉利昂其他地区征聘的工人涌入既有积极的一面,也有消极的一面。研究发现,土地冲突、食品价格上涨、辍学率以及传统信仰和规范的淡化等社会问题在研究地区很常见。综上所述,复种引起的土地利用变化影响着全国土地可持续管理计划。政府应该尽快检讨过去的土地政策和土地使用制度,以解决土地矛盾。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in the ethnic structure of the population of AP Kosovo and Metohija settlements 1948-2022 1948-2022年AP科索沃和Metohija定居点人口种族结构的变化
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301237m
Saša Milosavljević, Jovo Medojević, A. Valjarević
AP Kosovo and Metohija is a unique geographical area in Europe, during which the most complex demographic processes, caused by: political conflicts, the NATO bombing of 1999, and took place during the 20th century and the first decades of the 21st century: killing, ethnic cleansing, persecution and segregation of the population. Since June 1999, about 220,000 people were displaced from Kosovo and Metohija. Most of them were Serbs, followed by non-Albanian populations: Montenegrins, Gorans, Roma and Ashkali. The mass persecution of the Serb and other non-Albanian populations has resulted in tremendous changes in the ethnic structure of the Province. Previously, heterogeneous settlements became ethnically homogeneous with a dominant Albanian population. With 93% of the total population Albanians is dominated, while other ethnic communities have a participation of 7%.
科索沃和梅托希亚是欧洲一个独特的地理区域,在此期间,由政治冲突、1999年北约轰炸造成的最复杂的人口进程发生在20世纪和21世纪头几十年:杀戮、种族清洗、迫害和人口隔离。自1999年6月以来,约有22万人从科索沃和梅托希亚流离失所。其中大多数是塞尔维亚人,其次是非阿尔巴尼亚人:黑山人、戈兰人、罗姆人和阿什卡利人。对塞族和其他非阿尔巴尼亚人口的大规模迫害使该省的种族结构发生了巨大变化。以前,异质定居点变成了以阿尔巴尼亚人为主的种族同质定居点。阿尔巴尼亚人占总人口的93%,而其他民族社区的参与率为7%。
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引用次数: 0
Decomposition of the recent increase in the labour force participation rate in Serbia 分解塞尔维亚最近增加的劳动力参与率
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301475g
Vera Gligorijević, Aleksandar Knezevic, D. Bakić
The present work decomposes the recent increase in the labour force participation rate into two factors: the contribution of the age composition, and the contribution of the age- and sex-specific labour force participation rate. After a whole decade of stagnation, the labour force participation rate in Serbia has increased by 10% between 2012 and 2021, which opened the question of the deterministic basis for an in-creased economic activity in case of population that is aging and declining in size. For the purpose of decomposition, the method of overall rate decomposition has been used, which is considered to be the preferred standardization method. The results have shown that both the age composition as well as the age-specific labour force participation had a positive effect on the increase in overall economic activity. The effect of the age-specific labour force participation rates was significantly higher, contributing to more than 76% of the overall change, whereas the age composition resulted in only 22% change (25% change in case of male population, and 21% in case of female population). These findings shifted the research focus from aging population, as the key determinant of the labour force participation rate, towards the factors affecting the increase of specific age-related activity rates, but also towards the need to investigate the importance of other specific activity rates (apart from the age- and sex-related ones).
本文将近期劳动力参与率的上升分解为两个因素:年龄构成的贡献,以及按年龄和性别划分的劳动力参与率的贡献。在经历了整整十年的停滞之后,塞尔维亚的劳动力参与率在2012年至2021年期间增加了10%,这就提出了在人口老龄化和规模下降的情况下增加经济活动的确定性基础问题。为了进行分解,采用了总体速率分解的方法,该方法被认为是首选的标准化方法。结果表明,年龄构成和特定年龄的劳动力参与率对整体经济活动的增加都有积极的影响。特定年龄的劳动力参与率的影响明显更高,贡献了76%以上的总体变化,而年龄构成仅导致22%的变化(男性人口变化25%,女性人口变化21%)。这些发现将研究重点从人口老龄化(作为劳动力参与率的关键决定因素)转向影响特定年龄相关活动率增加的因素,但也转向需要调查其他特定活动率的重要性(除了年龄和性别相关的)。
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引用次数: 0
Methods of functional zoning of protected areas for development of ecological tourism 生态旅游开发的保护区功能区划方法
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/gsgd2301213a
D. Astanin
The influence of territorial structures on the formation of functional zones in protected areas is analysed. The need to identify spatial combinations of the most valuable elements of the territorial structure is formulated. The zone configuration is determined by areal, linear and single territorial structures. These are also components of specialized frames. Influence on the location of functional areas is produced by: environmental framework (reserves, specially protected areas, educational tourism zone, protected area); eco-cultural frame (area of protection of historical and cultural objects, area of traditional nature management); natural recreational frame (recreational area, area of visitor services, especially protected area); transport frame (economic area and area of visitor services). Currently, research in the field of spatial development of ecotourism territories is fragmentary. Therefore, there is a need to develop a theoretical model of urban development of ecological tourism territories, the spatial organization of which should be based on the principle of active prevention of environmental violations in the development of recreational activities.
分析了地域结构对保护地功能区形成的影响。提出有必要确定领土结构中最有价值的要素的空间组合。区域结构由面状、线状和单一的区域结构决定。这些也是专用框架的组成部分。对功能区位置产生影响的因素有:环境框架(保护区、特别保护区、教育旅游区、保护区);生态文化框架(历史文物保护区域、传统自然管理区域);自然游憩框架(游憩区、游客服务区,特别是保护区);运输框架(经济区域和游客服务区域)。目前,关于生态旅游区空间开发的研究还比较零散。因此,有必要建立生态旅游区城市发展的理论模型,其空间组织应以积极预防游憩活动开发中的环境侵害为原则。
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引用次数: 0
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Glasnik - Srpskog Geografskog Drustva
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