Pub Date : 2015-09-30DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol20No03ManOS
G. Lamb
Care transitions are recognized as a time of significant vulnerability for children and adults with multiple chronic illnesses and complex health and social needs. Moving between settings or between providers requires comprehensive preparation and education of patients and families and accurate and timely flow of essential information. Lack of effective coordination on both sides of the transition leaves patients at risk for serious adverse outcomes influencing quality of life and function and substantial cost.This OJIN topic captures several important steps in the evolution of knowledge and practice of transitional care and care coordination. Together, the articles included in this topic reflect where we have been and where we still need to go to assure that patients and their families have safe and effective transitional care experiences. The articles range from a summary of over two decades of research on the nurse-led Transitional Care Model (TCM) to recent pilot studies developing new models and tools to expand transitional care and care coordination interventions to new settings and populations.In Continuity of Care: The Transitional Care Model, Hirschman and members of the multiprofessional Transitional Care Model (TCM) team at the University of Pennsylvania detail the evidence supporting the impact of their nurse-led transitional care model on quality and cost outcomes for older adults with multiple chronic illnesses. The TCM has undergone rigorous testing over the past two decades and has consistently demonstrated reductions in hospitalizations and costs for Medicare beneficiaries at high risk for adverse outcomes. This well-recognized model has been implemented in hospitals and health systems including patientcentered medical homes across the United States. The nine core TCM interventions and tools developed to measure them are described in the paper. This latest summary of the body of TCM research and its translation into "real-world" health care systems is a testament to the importance of rigorous and continuous programs of research for defining and improving care coordination for vulnerable populations with complex care needs.DelBoccio and colleagues describe one hospital's experience in becoming a top performer in transitional care in Successes and Challenges in Patient Care Transition Programming. Spurred to improve transitional care by changes in the Affordable Care Act, Indiana University Health North Hospital launched new programs to enhance patient activation and health team performance in medication management and communication with post-acute providers. Their experience reinforces the importance of effective teamwork and continuous quality improvement in making meaningful improvements in the care transition experience and subsequent performance outcomes.Nurses across academic and clinical settings in Minnesota describe the implementation of two models of care coordination for children with medical complexity (CMC) in their ar
对于患有多种慢性疾病并有复杂健康和社会需求的儿童和成人来说，护理过渡期被认为是一个非常脆弱的时期。在不同的环境或不同的提供者之间移动需要对患者和家属进行全面的准备和教育，以及准确和及时的基本信息流动。过渡双方缺乏有效的协调，使患者面临严重不良后果的风险，影响生活质量和功能，并带来巨大的成本。这个OJIN主题抓住了过渡护理和护理协调的知识和实践演变的几个重要步骤。总之，本主题中包含的文章反映了我们已经取得的成就，以及我们仍然需要做的事情，以确保患者及其家属获得安全有效的过渡护理体验。这些文章的范围从对护士主导的过渡护理模式(TCM)的二十多年研究的总结到最近开发新模式和工具的试点研究，以将过渡护理和护理协调干预措施扩展到新的环境和人群。在《护理的连续性:过渡护理模式》一书中，Hirschman和宾夕法尼亚大学多专业过渡护理模式(TCM)团队的成员详细介绍了支持他们的护士主导的过渡护理模式对患有多种慢性疾病的老年人的质量和成本结果的影响的证据。在过去的二十年里，中药已经经过了严格的测试，并一直证明在医疗保险受益人的住院治疗和成本降低的高风险的不良后果。这种公认的模式已经在美国各地的医院和卫生系统中实施，包括以病人为中心的医疗之家。本文描述了九种核心中医干预措施和用于测量它们的工具。这份对中医研究成果的最新总结及其在“现实世界”卫生保健系统中的转化证明了严格和持续的研究项目对于确定和改善具有复杂护理需求的弱势群体的护理协调的重要性。DelBoccio及其同事在《病人护理过渡规划的成功与挑战》一书中描述了一家医院在过渡护理方面表现出色的经验。受《平价医疗法案》(Affordable care Act)变化的激励，印第安纳大学健康北医院(Indiana University Health North Hospital)推出了新的项目，以提高患者的积极性和医疗团队在药物管理方面的表现，以及与急性后提供者的沟通。他们的经历强化了有效的团队合作和持续的质量改进对护理过渡体验和随后的绩效结果的有意义的改进的重要性。明尼苏达州学术和临床机构的护士在他们的文章《儿科护理协调:经验教训和未来优先事项》中描述了两种医疗复杂性儿童护理协调模式的实施。Cady和他的同事设计了远程家庭模式和PRoSPer儿童护理协调模式，以克服目前在医疗保健家庭(HCH)中整合儿童复杂护理的挑战，并解决其州医疗改革立法的关键组成部分。在展开国家医疗改革的背景下，检查新的护理协调模式的实施是本文的一个关键方面。远程家庭和PRoSPer模式都将护士与跨专业团队成员一起作为护理协调过程的推动者。根据农村和城市卫生保健中心的儿童和家庭的需要，它们涉及不同的小组成员和使用不同的技术。初步模型测试的结果表明，家庭对其医疗保健经验和提供者沟通的看法有所改善。作者在他们的文章《注册护士护理协调:为患有多种疾病的老年人创造一个更好的未来》中提出了几个进一步评估的机会。…
{"title":"Overview and Summary: Care Coordination: Benefits of Interprofessional Collaboration","authors":"G. Lamb","doi":"10.3912/OJIN.Vol20No03ManOS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol20No03ManOS","url":null,"abstract":"Care transitions are recognized as a time of significant vulnerability for children and adults with multiple chronic illnesses and complex health and social needs. Moving between settings or between providers requires comprehensive preparation and education of patients and families and accurate and timely flow of essential information. Lack of effective coordination on both sides of the transition leaves patients at risk for serious adverse outcomes influencing quality of life and function and substantial cost.This OJIN topic captures several important steps in the evolution of knowledge and practice of transitional care and care coordination. Together, the articles included in this topic reflect where we have been and where we still need to go to assure that patients and their families have safe and effective transitional care experiences. The articles range from a summary of over two decades of research on the nurse-led Transitional Care Model (TCM) to recent pilot studies developing new models and tools to expand transitional care and care coordination interventions to new settings and populations.In Continuity of Care: The Transitional Care Model, Hirschman and members of the multiprofessional Transitional Care Model (TCM) team at the University of Pennsylvania detail the evidence supporting the impact of their nurse-led transitional care model on quality and cost outcomes for older adults with multiple chronic illnesses. The TCM has undergone rigorous testing over the past two decades and has consistently demonstrated reductions in hospitalizations and costs for Medicare beneficiaries at high risk for adverse outcomes. This well-recognized model has been implemented in hospitals and health systems including patientcentered medical homes across the United States. The nine core TCM interventions and tools developed to measure them are described in the paper. This latest summary of the body of TCM research and its translation into \"real-world\" health care systems is a testament to the importance of rigorous and continuous programs of research for defining and improving care coordination for vulnerable populations with complex care needs.DelBoccio and colleagues describe one hospital's experience in becoming a top performer in transitional care in Successes and Challenges in Patient Care Transition Programming. Spurred to improve transitional care by changes in the Affordable Care Act, Indiana University Health North Hospital launched new programs to enhance patient activation and health team performance in medication management and communication with post-acute providers. Their experience reinforces the importance of effective teamwork and continuous quality improvement in making meaningful improvements in the care transition experience and subsequent performance outcomes.Nurses across academic and clinical settings in Minnesota describe the implementation of two models of care coordination for children with medical complexity (CMC) in their ar","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"1 p preceding 1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-30DOI: 10.3912/ojin.vol20no03man04
Jean Scholz, Judith Minaudo
The concept of care coordination is often touted as the preferred way to streamline care for complex patients. Care coordination is even more popular with the mention of it in the Affordable Care Act of 2010 and with new Medicare payment models. The purpose of this article is to define care coordination, briefly describe trends for older adults and care coordination, and explore roles for registered nurses. We describe elder-appropriate models of care coordination useful for older adults with multimorbidity. A brief exemplar provides an example of evidence-based care coordination services provided by a nursing and social work team, a model supported by recent literature. As a result of this discussion, readers will become informed about possibilities for the future of care delivery and the future of professional nursing practice.
{"title":"Registered Nurse Care Coordination: Creating a Preferred Future for Older Adults with Multimorbidity.","authors":"Jean Scholz, Judith Minaudo","doi":"10.3912/ojin.vol20no03man04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol20no03man04","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of care coordination is often touted as the preferred way to streamline care for complex patients. Care coordination is even more popular with the mention of it in the Affordable Care Act of 2010 and with new Medicare payment models. The purpose of this article is to define care coordination, briefly describe trends for older adults and care coordination, and explore roles for registered nurses. We describe elder-appropriate models of care coordination useful for older adults with multimorbidity. A brief exemplar provides an example of evidence-based care coordination services provided by a nursing and social work team, a model supported by recent literature. As a result of this discussion, readers will become informed about possibilities for the future of care delivery and the future of professional nursing practice.","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-31DOI: 10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt03
S. Siedlecki, Eric D. Hixson
Both safety and quality of care patients receive depend upon the quality of the practice environment where care is provided. In this article, the authors review relevant literature, and describe their study that identified how nurses and physicians define respectful behavior; examined perceptions of the relationship between nurses and physicians in clinical settings in which they practice together; and analyzed the impact of nurse-physician relationships on nursing care decisions. Perceptions of nurse-physician relationships were assessed using the Professional Practice Environment Assessment Scale and perceptions of respectful behavior and the effect of physician behavior on nursing practice were assessed with single, forced-choice items. The authors report finding that physicians rated relationships significantly better than did nurses. Additionally, they note that 55% of nurses said that a physician's behavior impacted nursing decisions, and that younger, less experienced nurses were more likely to report being affected by negative physician behaviors than older nurses or nurses with more experience. They discuss how nurses' and physicians' different perceptions of the same environment is not surprising, but is instructive, and conclude that acknowledging differences in values, incentives, and perceptions can provide insights that focus improvement initiatives.
{"title":"Relationships Between Nurses and Physicians Matter.","authors":"S. Siedlecki, Eric D. Hixson","doi":"10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt03","url":null,"abstract":"Both safety and quality of care patients receive depend upon the quality of the practice environment where care is provided. In this article, the authors review relevant literature, and describe their study that identified how nurses and physicians define respectful behavior; examined perceptions of the relationship between nurses and physicians in clinical settings in which they practice together; and analyzed the impact of nurse-physician relationships on nursing care decisions. Perceptions of nurse-physician relationships were assessed using the Professional Practice Environment Assessment Scale and perceptions of respectful behavior and the effect of physician behavior on nursing practice were assessed with single, forced-choice items. The authors report finding that physicians rated relationships significantly better than did nurses. Additionally, they note that 55% of nurses said that a physician's behavior impacted nursing decisions, and that younger, less experienced nurses were more likely to report being affected by negative physician behaviors than older nurses or nurses with more experience. They discuss how nurses' and physicians' different perceptions of the same environment is not surprising, but is instructive, and conclude that acknowledging differences in values, incentives, and perceptions can provide insights that focus improvement initiatives.","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-25DOI: 10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt02
D. Malloy, E. Fahey-McCarthy, M. Murakami, Yongho Lee, Eunhee Choi, Eri Hirose, T. Hadjistavropoulos
Sixty nurses from five countries (Canada, India, Ireland, Japan, and Korea) took part in 11 focus groups that discussed the question: Do you consider your work meaningful? Fostering meaning and mentorship as part of the institutional culture was a central theme that emerged from the discussions. In this article, we begin with a background discussion of meaning and meaningful work as presented in the literature related to existentialism and hardiness. Next, we describe the method and analysis processes we used in our qualitative study asking how nurses find meaning in their very challenging work and report our findings of four themes that emerged from the comments shared by nurses, specifically relationships, compassionate caring, identity, and a mentoring culture. After offering a discussion of our findings and noting the limitations of this qualitative study, we conclude that nursing leaders and a culture of mentorship play an important role in fostering meaningful work and developing hardy employees.
{"title":"Finding Meaning in the Work of Nursing: An International Study.","authors":"D. Malloy, E. Fahey-McCarthy, M. Murakami, Yongho Lee, Eunhee Choi, Eri Hirose, T. Hadjistavropoulos","doi":"10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt02","url":null,"abstract":"Sixty nurses from five countries (Canada, India, Ireland, Japan, and Korea) took part in 11 focus groups that discussed the question: Do you consider your work meaningful? Fostering meaning and mentorship as part of the institutional culture was a central theme that emerged from the discussions. In this article, we begin with a background discussion of meaning and meaningful work as presented in the literature related to existentialism and hardiness. Next, we describe the method and analysis processes we used in our qualitative study asking how nurses find meaning in their very challenging work and report our findings of four themes that emerged from the comments shared by nurses, specifically relationships, compassionate caring, identity, and a mentoring culture. After offering a discussion of our findings and noting the limitations of this qualitative study, we conclude that nursing leaders and a culture of mentorship play an important role in fostering meaningful work and developing hardy employees.","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-20DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.VOL21NO01INFOCOL01
L. Thede, P. Schwirian
{"title":"Informatics: The Standardized Nursing Terminologies: A National Survey of Nurses’ Experience and Attitudes—SURVEY II: Evaluation of Standardized Nursing Terminologies","authors":"L. Thede, P. Schwirian","doi":"10.3912/OJIN.VOL21NO01INFOCOL01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.VOL21NO01INFOCOL01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"21 1 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-18DOI: 10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt01
Maria M Baptiste
Discrimination against internationally educated nurses (IENs) remains a seldom-explored topic in the United States. Yet, the literature describing experiences of IENs indicates that some do experience workplace discrimination as an additional workplace stressor. IENs view this discrimination as an obstacle to career advancement and professional recognition. Consequences of workplace discrimination affect IENs' physical and psychological well being, the quality of patient care, and healthcare organizational costs. In anticipation of future nursing shortages, understanding and minimizing workplace discrimination will benefit nurses, patients, and healthcare organizations. In this article the author addresses motivation and challenges associated with international nurse migration and immigration, relates these challenges to Roy's theoretical framework, describes workplace discrimination, and reviews both consequences of and evidence for workplace discrimination. Next, she considers the significance of this discrimination for healthcare agencies, and approaches for decreasing stress for IENs during their transition process. She concludes that workplace discrimination has a negative, multifaceted effect on both professional nursing and healthcare organizations. Support measures developed to promote mutual respect among all nurses are presented.
{"title":"Workplace Discrimination: An Additional Stressor for Internationally Educated Nurses.","authors":"Maria M Baptiste","doi":"10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol20no03ppt01","url":null,"abstract":"Discrimination against internationally educated nurses (IENs) remains a seldom-explored topic in the United States. Yet, the literature describing experiences of IENs indicates that some do experience workplace discrimination as an additional workplace stressor. IENs view this discrimination as an obstacle to career advancement and professional recognition. Consequences of workplace discrimination affect IENs' physical and psychological well being, the quality of patient care, and healthcare organizational costs. In anticipation of future nursing shortages, understanding and minimizing workplace discrimination will benefit nurses, patients, and healthcare organizations. In this article the author addresses motivation and challenges associated with international nurse migration and immigration, relates these challenges to Roy's theoretical framework, describes workplace discrimination, and reviews both consequences of and evidence for workplace discrimination. Next, she considers the significance of this discrimination for healthcare agencies, and approaches for decreasing stress for IENs during their transition process. She concludes that workplace discrimination has a negative, multifaceted effect on both professional nursing and healthcare organizations. Support measures developed to promote mutual respect among all nurses are presented.","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-08-03DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.VOL20NO03ETHCOL01
Jeanne Merkle Sorrell, Jacqueline K. Owens
{"title":"Ethics: Predatory Publishing: Keeping the Wolves from Your Office Door.","authors":"Jeanne Merkle Sorrell, Jacqueline K. Owens","doi":"10.3912/OJIN.VOL20NO03ETHCOL01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.VOL20NO03ETHCOL01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-17DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.VOL20NO03CRBCOL02
C. Neville
Review question: What is the effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer’s disease?
回顾问题:阿尔茨海默病患者睡眠障碍的药物治疗效果如何?
{"title":"Cochrane Review Brief: Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"C. Neville","doi":"10.3912/OJIN.VOL20NO03CRBCOL02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.VOL20NO03CRBCOL02","url":null,"abstract":"Review question: \u0000 \u0000What is the effectiveness of pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer’s disease?","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-17DOI: 10.3912/ojin.vol20no03legcol01
G. Glazer, Angela Clark, Karen Bankston
{"title":"Legislative: From Policy to Practice: A Case for Holistic Review Diversifying the Nursing Workforce.","authors":"G. Glazer, Angela Clark, Karen Bankston","doi":"10.3912/ojin.vol20no03legcol01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol20no03legcol01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"20 3 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-14DOI: 10.3912/ojin.vol20no03crbcol01
J. Christie
{"title":"Cochrane Review Brief: Lifestyle interventions to improve school achievement in overweight or obese children and adolescents.","authors":"J. Christie","doi":"10.3912/ojin.vol20no03crbcol01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol20no03crbcol01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35614,"journal":{"name":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing","volume":"128 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70293369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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