Public Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) is a tool that identifies and maps community perceptions through participatory mapping activities to increase community empowerment and engagement in public processes. Ports play a significant socioeconomic role at local, national, and international scales, but their inclusion in PPGIS has been relatively understudied compared to other planning sectors. The aims of this study were to create an archive of port community perceptions through a mixed-methods PPGIS approach, expose PPGIS as a tool to explore novel spatial patterns in these perceptions, and highlight the potential of PPGIS to enhance understandings of the relationship between communities and port-related changes. The research uncovered five spatial patterns in community perceptions: a link between effects on recreation, public health, and the environment; a harbour with a diversely connected west side and an isolated east side; recreational value and a sense of place as the most common place values, and recreational, historic, and religious values as the most common meaningful place values; widespread negative sentiments towards the Port of Cork; and specific negative concerns in response to the planning process. These patterns had several theoretical implications and produced the following practical recommendations for port and planning authorities: incorporating recreational and public health impacts into Environmental Impact Assessments; creating tailored community engagement approaches for affected port communities; promoting links between communities; and adopting a PPGIS approach to community engagement.
{"title":"Mapping Community Perceptions in Ports through Public Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS): A Case Study in Cork Harbour, Ireland","authors":"Soli Fani Levi, K. Ray, P. Holloway","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V54I1.1453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V54I1.1453","url":null,"abstract":"Public Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) is a tool that identifies and maps community perceptions through participatory mapping activities to increase community empowerment and engagement in public processes. Ports play a significant socioeconomic role at local, national, and international scales, but their inclusion in PPGIS has been relatively understudied compared to other planning sectors. The aims of this study were to create an archive of port community perceptions through a mixed-methods PPGIS approach, expose PPGIS as a tool to explore novel spatial patterns in these perceptions, and highlight the potential of PPGIS to enhance understandings of the relationship between communities and port-related changes. The research uncovered five spatial patterns in community perceptions: a link between effects on recreation, public health, and the environment; a harbour with a diversely connected west side and an isolated east side; recreational value and a sense of place as the most common place values, and recreational, historic, and religious values as the most common meaningful place values; widespread negative sentiments towards the Port of Cork; and specific negative concerns in response to the planning process. These patterns had several theoretical implications and produced the following practical recommendations for port and planning authorities: incorporating recreational and public health impacts into Environmental Impact Assessments; creating tailored community engagement approaches for affected port communities; promoting links between communities; and adopting a PPGIS approach to community engagement.","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48927186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction In December 2019 the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission in China reported a cluster of cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province (World Health Organization, 2020b). The cluster was ultimately linked to a novel coronavirus. Although initially limited to China, the virus began to spread into neighbouring Asian countries in January 2020. By the end of January, cases had been detected in 22 countries, including five in Europe. By the end of February, infections were reported in 59 countries and the first case in Ireland was reported on 29 February 2020 (Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 2020). The response to the virus was limited at first, prompting the WHO to declare on 11 March that COVID-19 could be characterized as a pandemic (World Health Organization, 2020a). Many countries adopted a range of control measures to reduce transmission of the virus. Measures included increased hand washing, social distancing and temporary closure of businesses. In Ireland, the National Public Health Emergency Team (NPHET) was established in January 2020 to oversee and provide direction and expert advice across the health service and the wider public service, on the national response to COVID-19. The Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) is an independent authority established to drive high-quality and safe care for people using our health and social care services in Ireland. HIQA has a wide-ranging mandate to develop standards, inspect and review health and social care services and support informed decisions on how services are delivered. In relation to the COVID-19 epidemic, HIQA has provided evidence synthesis to support the NPHET and its associated groups.
{"title":"Supporting the public health response to COVID-19 in Ireland: the role of HIQA","authors":"C. Teljeur, M. Ryan","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1418","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction In December 2019 the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission in China reported a cluster of cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province (World Health Organization, 2020b). The cluster was ultimately linked to a novel coronavirus. Although initially limited to China, the virus began to spread into neighbouring Asian countries in January 2020. By the end of January, cases had been detected in 22 countries, including five in Europe. By the end of February, infections were reported in 59 countries and the first case in Ireland was reported on 29 February 2020 (Health Protection Surveillance Centre, 2020). The response to the virus was limited at first, prompting the WHO to declare on 11 March that COVID-19 could be characterized as a pandemic (World Health Organization, 2020a). Many countries adopted a range of control measures to reduce transmission of the virus. Measures included increased hand washing, social distancing and temporary closure of businesses. In Ireland, the National Public Health Emergency Team (NPHET) was established in January 2020 to oversee and provide direction and expert advice across the health service and the wider public service, on the national response to COVID-19. The Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) is an independent authority established to drive high-quality and safe care for people using our health and social care services in Ireland. HIQA has a wide-ranging mandate to develop standards, inspect and review health and social care services and support informed decisions on how services are delivered. In relation to the COVID-19 epidemic, HIQA has provided evidence synthesis to support the NPHET and its associated groups.","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41919218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca L Dempsey, A. Parnell, Pádraig McCarron, G. McCarthy
To get a more accurate picture of the significance of Covid-19 mortality in Dublin, a study was conducted to analyse notices posted in 2020 to RIP.ie relative to the previous five years. Examining monthly notices posted to RIP.ie relative to previous years also helped identify those parts of the city most affected by the disease in terms of excess mortality during the pandemic. From examination of factors that may affect levels of Covid-related mortality in Dublin, the authors have quantitatively established that social inequalities that persist throughout districts in Dublin have a statistically significant influence on mortality levels related to Covid-19. The significant relationship that exists between Covid-related mortality and area deprivation confirms that Covid-19 has differential impacts on Dublin's population depending on residential location. This suggests that approaches to combat the impacts of Covid-19 in Dublin should take into consideration the socio-economic dynamics that exist throughout the county's four authorities. One fundamental problem is that restrictions set up to effectively avoid contracting the virus automatically shield the portion of population that are socially and economically more privileged. Yet the remainder of the population that reside in more deprived districts, who are less able to adapt to restrictions, are disregarded and more likely to be seriously impacted by the effects of the virus. An additional caveat is that usage of rip.ie amongst migrant communities is not widespread and they may not be fully represented. For one worker with a stable, well-paying job, restrictions may mean working from home and being protected from the virus. For another worker, restrictions may not provide such security and they may face the choice of going to work, and increasing their risk of contracting the virus, or staying at home and sacrificing their income.
{"title":"Excess Mortality in Dublin during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Using RIP.ie as a geographical source","authors":"Rebecca L Dempsey, A. Parnell, Pádraig McCarron, G. McCarthy","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1421","url":null,"abstract":"To get a more accurate picture of the significance of Covid-19 mortality in Dublin, a study was conducted to analyse notices posted in 2020 to RIP.ie relative to the previous five years. Examining monthly notices posted to RIP.ie relative to previous years also helped identify those parts of the city most affected by the disease in terms of excess mortality during the pandemic. From examination of factors that may affect levels of Covid-related mortality in Dublin, the authors have quantitatively established that social inequalities that persist throughout districts in Dublin have a statistically significant influence on mortality levels related to Covid-19. The significant relationship that exists between Covid-related mortality and area deprivation confirms that Covid-19 has differential impacts on Dublin's population depending on residential location. This suggests that approaches to combat the impacts of Covid-19 in Dublin should take into consideration the socio-economic dynamics that exist throughout the county's four authorities. One fundamental problem is that restrictions set up to effectively avoid contracting the virus automatically shield the portion of population that are socially and economically more privileged. Yet the remainder of the population that reside in more deprived districts, who are less able to adapt to restrictions, are disregarded and more likely to be seriously impacted by the effects of the virus. An additional caveat is that usage of rip.ie amongst migrant communities is not widespread and they may not be fully represented. For one worker with a stable, well-paying job, restrictions may mean working from home and being protected from the virus. For another worker, restrictions may not provide such security and they may face the choice of going to work, and increasing their risk of contracting the virus, or staying at home and sacrificing their income.","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42934851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ireland is a nation of house owners rather than apartments. 86.5% of all survey respondents live in a house and 99.3% of them have access to outdoor space for playing and hanging out. The top three most common outdoor spaces that children use and have access to are back gardens (26.6%), front gardens (20.1%) and communal green areas (14.18%). It is noticeable that the outdoor play spaces are in very close geographical proximity to the home. Almost 7 out of 10 respondents with a front or back garden say they have fixed play equipment. This number decreased as the children got chronologically older. Only 4.9% of respondents live in an apartment and 69.8% have access to outdoor space for playing and hanging out. Clearly children and adolescents living in apartments were more severely affected in relation to the availability of outdoor play and hanging out spaces and places. This short paper only briefly addresses a small section of the study's research findings that impact on children and adolescents use of outdoor space during the lockdown period of COVID-19 and it is hoped that a more detailed and wider discussion will be forthcoming. The humble, ordinary, mundane back garden was portrayed by children, adolescents and parents as a classroom, playground, socializing space, garden and allotment, sports pitch, family play space, hobby room, exercise space and eating area.
{"title":"Back gardens and friends: the impact of COVID-19 on children and adolescents use of, and access to, outdoor spaces","authors":"Carol Barron, Mary-Jane Emmet","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1422","url":null,"abstract":"Ireland is a nation of house owners rather than apartments. 86.5% of all survey respondents live in a house and 99.3% of them have access to outdoor space for playing and hanging out. The top three most common outdoor spaces that children use and have access to are back gardens (26.6%), front gardens (20.1%) and communal green areas (14.18%). It is noticeable that the outdoor play spaces are in very close geographical proximity to the home. Almost 7 out of 10 respondents with a front or back garden say they have fixed play equipment. This number decreased as the children got chronologically older. Only 4.9% of respondents live in an apartment and 69.8% have access to outdoor space for playing and hanging out. Clearly children and adolescents living in apartments were more severely affected in relation to the availability of outdoor play and hanging out spaces and places. This short paper only briefly addresses a small section of the study's research findings that impact on children and adolescents use of outdoor space during the lockdown period of COVID-19 and it is hoped that a more detailed and wider discussion will be forthcoming. The humble, ordinary, mundane back garden was portrayed by children, adolescents and parents as a classroom, playground, socializing space, garden and allotment, sports pitch, family play space, hobby room, exercise space and eating area.","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45129956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Public Health (Alcohol) Act: Spatial issues and glaring gaps","authors":"F. Houghton, D. McInerney","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V53I2.1423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41591596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comprehensive review of optical (panchromatic, multispectral and hyperspectral) and synthetic aperture radar satellite imagery coverage for terrestrial and near-shore areas of interest on the island of Ireland. The review spans 50 years and includes approximately 170+ retired and operational Earth Observation (EO) satellite sensors, and a further 60+ EO satellite sensors which are planned to be launched over the next five years.Satellite characteristics and sensor capabilities are listed in tabular form and the extents of the spatial and temporal coverage of the island of Ireland are estimated for each sensor (as available). Guidance on how to access this data is provided, with an emphasis on gaining free or reduced cost access for research and scientific purposes.Information on free open source software tools for viewing, processing and analysing EO imagery is provided, along with a selection of online resource and reference materials.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Roadmap to 50 Years of (Satellite) Earth Observation Resources for the Island of Ireland (1972 – 2023)","authors":"Daithí Maguire","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V52I1.1433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V52I1.1433","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive review of optical (panchromatic, multispectral and hyperspectral) and synthetic aperture radar satellite imagery coverage for terrestrial and near-shore areas of interest on the island of Ireland. The review spans 50 years and includes approximately 170+ retired and operational Earth Observation (EO) satellite sensors, and a further 60+ EO satellite sensors which are planned to be launched over the next five years.Satellite characteristics and sensor capabilities are listed in tabular form and the extents of the spatial and temporal coverage of the island of Ireland are estimated for each sensor (as available). Guidance on how to access this data is provided, with an emphasis on gaining free or reduced cost access for research and scientific purposes.Information on free open source software tools for viewing, processing and analysing EO imagery is provided, along with a selection of online resource and reference materials.","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45510304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The overall status of dune health in Ireland is assessed as ‘inadequate’ and declining due to the on-going losses and pressures which signify the urgent need for integrated, problem- and community-focussed coastal management plans. Historically, Ireland has only being monitoring the health of our coastal dunes very intermittently. This research reviews published coastal dune inventories in Ireland (Kinahan and McHenry, 1882; Young, 1977; Curtis, 1991; Quigley, 1991; Ryle et al., 2009; Delaney et al., 2013) and uses one of the most current inventories (Coastal Monitoring Project 2004-2006 in Ryle et al., 2009) to map the current distribution of dunes in thirteen coastal counties in the Republic of Ireland and assess the vulnerability of these dune ecosystems to projected changes in storminess. The CMP Report data was downloaded into a GIS and a filter query was applied to identify the dune area extent in each county and isolate the three major dune categories (Fixed, Embryonic and Mobile) which are critical for beach-dune sediment budgets via sediment exchange processes. The polygon features for each dune category (a total of 179) were designated a shoreline orientation based on the cardinal and ordinal wind directions. Counties Donegal (36%), Mayo (24%) and Kerry (14%) contain 74% of the total dune area in Ireland (c.76sq. km). Fixed dunes comprise 93% of the total dune area of interest in this study; mobile (5%) and embryonic (2%) dunes have a much smaller areal extent. The severity of the impacts from storms depends not only on the character (size, duration, direction) of the extremes but also on the exposure and vulnerability of coastal ecosystems and communities to these extremes.
爱尔兰沙丘健康的总体状况被评估为“不充分”，并且由于持续的损失和压力而下降，这表明迫切需要制定以问题和社区为重点的综合海岸管理计划。从历史上看，爱尔兰只是断断续续地监测我们沿海沙丘的健康状况。本研究回顾了爱尔兰已发表的海岸沙丘清单(Kinahan and McHenry, 1882;年轻,1977;柯蒂斯,1991;奎格利,1991;Ryle et al.， 2009;Delaney等人，2013)，并使用最新的清单之一(Ryle等人，2009年的2004-2006年海岸监测项目)来绘制爱尔兰共和国13个沿海县沙丘的当前分布，并评估这些沙丘生态系统对预计风暴变化的脆弱性。将CMP报告数据下载到GIS中，并应用过滤查询来确定每个县的沙丘面积范围，并分离出通过泥沙交换过程对海滩-沙丘泥沙收支至关重要的三种主要沙丘类别(固定、萌芽和移动)。每个沙丘类别(共179个)的多边形特征根据基本风向和序向风向指定了海岸线方向。多尼戈尔郡(36%)、梅奥郡(24%)和克里郡(14%)的沙丘面积占爱尔兰总面积的74%(约76平方公里)。公里)。固定沙丘占本研究研究的总沙丘面积的93%;移动沙丘(5%)和胚胎沙丘(2%)的面积范围要小得多。风暴影响的严重程度不仅取决于极端事件的性质(大小、持续时间和方向)，还取决于沿海生态系统和社区对这些极端事件的暴露程度和脆弱性。
{"title":"Historic and contemporary dune inventories to assess dune vulnerability to climate change impacts","authors":"E. Farrell, N. Connolly","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V52I1.1432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V52I1.1432","url":null,"abstract":"The overall status of dune health in Ireland is assessed as ‘inadequate’ and declining due to the on-going losses and pressures which signify the urgent need for integrated, problem- and community-focussed coastal management plans. Historically, Ireland has only being monitoring the health of our coastal dunes very intermittently. This research reviews published coastal dune inventories in Ireland (Kinahan and McHenry, 1882; Young, 1977; Curtis, 1991; Quigley, 1991; Ryle et al., 2009; Delaney et al., 2013) and uses one of the most current inventories (Coastal Monitoring Project 2004-2006 in Ryle et al., 2009) to map the current distribution of dunes in thirteen coastal counties in the Republic of Ireland and assess the vulnerability of these dune ecosystems to projected changes in storminess. The CMP Report data was downloaded into a GIS and a filter query was applied to identify the dune area extent in each county and isolate the three major dune categories (Fixed, Embryonic and Mobile) which are critical for beach-dune sediment budgets via sediment exchange processes. The polygon features for each dune category (a total of 179) were designated a shoreline orientation based on the cardinal and ordinal wind directions. Counties Donegal (36%), Mayo (24%) and Kerry (14%) contain 74% of the total dune area in Ireland (c.76sq. km). Fixed dunes comprise 93% of the total dune area of interest in this study; mobile (5%) and embryonic (2%) dunes have a much smaller areal extent. The severity of the impacts from storms depends not only on the character (size, duration, direction) of the extremes but also on the exposure and vulnerability of coastal ecosystems and communities to these extremes.","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48260011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accuracy assessment of Digital Surface Models (DSM) from UAVs for mapping coastal environments","authors":"H. Dundon, E. Farrell","doi":"10.2014/IGJ.V52I1.1435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2014/IGJ.V52I1.1435","url":null,"abstract":"To be uploaded in due course","PeriodicalId":35618,"journal":{"name":"Irish Geography","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47707541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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