Pub Date : 2019-11-13DOI: 10.20961/mekanika.v18i2.35402
Muhammad Ilham Nadhief, S. Hadi, Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana
Air merupakan energi baru dan terbarukan pengganti energi fosil yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik masa depan karena jumlahnya yang melimpah. Turbin air savonius horizontal axis water turbine (HAWT) mampu beroperasi pada kecepatan putar rendah sehinga cocok untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga air menggunakan metode rain water harvesting (RWH). Namun, turbin ini memiliki koefisien daya dan torsi yang rendah. Penelitian prototipe rotor turbin tipe U dengan variasi jumlah sudu, sudut kelengkungan telah dilakukan sebelumnya untuk meningkatkan kinerja turbin ini. Dalam makalah ini, dibahas proses perancangan dan pengujian terhadap sebuah prototipe rotor turbin tipe L dengan 3 variasi sudut blade arc. Variasi sudut blade arc yang diuji adalah 120o, 135o dan 150o. Melalui penelitian ini, diketahui tipe turbin yang optimal jika dianalisa dari power output, TSR, dan power coefficient yang dihasilkan oleh turbin. Turbin tipe L dengan sudut blade arc 135o memiliki power coefficient paling tinggi sebesar 27% dengan TSR sebesar 1,320 dibandingkan turbin dengan sudut blade arc 120o dan 150o.
{"title":"STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH VARIASI SUDUT BLADE ARC TERHADAP PERFORMA SAVONIUS HORIZONTAL AXIS WATER TURBINE TIPE L PADA ALIRAN DALAM PIPA","authors":"Muhammad Ilham Nadhief, S. Hadi, Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana","doi":"10.20961/mekanika.v18i2.35402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/mekanika.v18i2.35402","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Air merupakan energi baru dan terbarukan pengganti energi fosil yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik masa depan karena jumlahnya yang melimpah. Turbin air savonius <em>horizontal axis water turbine</em> (HAWT) mampu beroperasi pada kecepatan putar rendah sehinga cocok untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga air menggunakan metode <em>rain water harvesting</em> (RWH). Namun, turbin ini memiliki koefisien daya dan torsi yang rendah. Penelitian prototipe rotor turbin tipe U dengan variasi jumlah sudu, sudut kelengkungan telah dilakukan sebelumnya untuk meningkatkan kinerja turbin ini. Dalam makalah ini, dibahas proses perancangan dan pengujian terhadap sebuah prototipe rotor turbin tipe L dengan 3 variasi sudut blade arc. Variasi sudut <em>blade arc</em> yang diuji adalah 120<sup>o</sup>, 135<sup>o</sup> dan 150<sup>o</sup>. Melalui penelitian ini, diketahui tipe turbin yang optimal jika dianalisa dari <em>power output</em>, TSR, dan <em>power coefficient</em> yang dihasilkan oleh turbin. Turbin tipe L dengan sudut <em>blade arc</em> 135<sup>o</sup> memiliki <em>power coefficient</em> paling tinggi sebesar 27% dengan TSR sebesar 1,320 dibandingkan turbin dengan sudut <em>blade arc</em> 120<sup>o</sup> dan 150<sup>o</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115522764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35125
Izmi Mahfudi, J. Triyono, T. Triyono
The development of science and technology has led to new inovations in the medical field, especially ortopedic. The aim of those inovations is to find the alternatives of good materials that can replace the broken sturcture of bone tissue. One of the innovations conducted is the characterization of sheep hydroxyapatite biocomposite. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of the material Sheep Hydroxyapatite (SHA) / shellac / wheat fluor. Sheep bone powder already gained from the crusher process and meshing into size of 100 and are soaked for 24 hours, then mixed with wheat flour with the ratio 30 : 70 %wt, 40 : 60 %wt, 50 : 50 %wt, 60 : 40 %wt, 70 : 30 %wt. The next step is the forming process and calcination at a temperature of 900oC with a increase of 10 °C/min. Results of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) shows that the diffraction peak of SHA/shellac/wheat flour is the value of 2θ: 32.0747º, 33.1943º, 32.5338º. The lowest hardness number of SHA/shellac/wheat flour is 2.86 VHN and the highest is 14.80 VHN, also the highest strong pressure number is 0.20 MPa. The result of microscophy at observation using SEM shows Thar the SHA/shellac/wheat flour 50:50 % wt sample has more porosity as.
{"title":"Karakterisasi biokomposit sheep hydroxyapatite (sha)/shellac/tepung terigu","authors":"Izmi Mahfudi, J. Triyono, T. Triyono","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35125","url":null,"abstract":"The development of science and technology has led to new inovations in the medical field, especially ortopedic. The aim of those inovations is to find the alternatives of good materials that can replace the broken sturcture of bone tissue. One of the innovations conducted is the characterization of sheep hydroxyapatite biocomposite. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of the material Sheep Hydroxyapatite (SHA) / shellac / wheat fluor. Sheep bone powder already gained from the crusher process and meshing into size of 100 and are soaked for 24 hours, then mixed with wheat flour with the ratio 30 : 70 %wt, 40 : 60 %wt, 50 : 50 %wt, 60 : 40 %wt, 70 : 30 %wt. The next step is the forming process and calcination at a temperature of 900oC with a increase of 10 °C/min. Results of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) shows that the diffraction peak of SHA/shellac/wheat flour is the value of 2θ: 32.0747º, 33.1943º, 32.5338º. The lowest hardness number of SHA/shellac/wheat flour is 2.86 VHN and the highest is 14.80 VHN, also the highest strong pressure number is 0.20 MPa. The result of microscophy at observation using SEM shows Thar the SHA/shellac/wheat flour 50:50 % wt sample has more porosity as.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127443968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35130
Hasnul Khuluqi, S. Hadi, D. Danardono
The rainwater which is harvested and flowed in a 3 inch diameter pipe has potential energy that can be used to generate the turbine generator for producing electricity. This paper was focused on horizontal axis savonius turbine with varied blade overlap ratio in picohydro generator. Savonius turbine is known to utilize the drag force and work efficiently at low velocity. The purpose of this research is to find out optimal torque of savonius water turbine, and flow distribution. The results showed that the flow rate of 11.9 l/s with the overlap variation of 0.3 obtained the maximum torque value of 5,22 Nm.
{"title":"Analisis simulasi pengaruh ratio overlap sudu terhadap unjuk kerja savonius horizontal axis water turbine","authors":"Hasnul Khuluqi, S. Hadi, D. Danardono","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35130","url":null,"abstract":"The rainwater which is harvested and flowed in a 3 inch diameter pipe has potential energy that can be used to generate the turbine generator for producing electricity. This paper was focused on horizontal axis savonius turbine with varied blade overlap ratio in picohydro generator. Savonius turbine is known to utilize the drag force and work efficiently at low velocity. The purpose of this research is to find out optimal torque of savonius water turbine, and flow distribution. The results showed that the flow rate of 11.9 l/s with the overlap variation of 0.3 obtained the maximum torque value of 5,22 Nm.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122399478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35128
Rino Herwangga, Muhammad Nizam, Miftahul Anwar
The research was conducted to determine the efficiency of electric motors with soft magnetic composite and laminate by used software Ansys Maxwell. Soft magnetic composite material which was given 4, 5, and 6 tons of compaction pressure from previous research performed to fill the input data on electric motor efficiency simulation. The used datas were hysterisis curve which are resulted of VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) testing. Ansys Maxwell Rmxprt was used to simulate efficiency of electric motor. The results of Ansys Maxwell Rmxprt simulation were a relation curve between the efficiency and the rotation of the electric motor. The results simulation of efficiency electric motor using soft magnetic composite core furthermore compared to the efficiency value of electric motor using laminate core. The results showed that the efficiency value of electric motor with soft magnetic composite with compacting pressure 4, 5 and 6 tons was 89,94 %, 89,97 %, and 90,62 % respectively. Efficiency value of electric motor with core laminate material was 91,22 %. The simulation showed that the value of a compaction pressure given on soft magnetic composite material affect on the efficiency of electrical motor. As a conclusion of this research that the efficiency value of electric motor trend increase with the value of compacting pressure on the material.
{"title":"Simulasi efisiensi motor listrik axial bldc dengan bahan soft magnetik variasi kompaksi dan perlakuan panas menggunakan perangkat lunak ansys maxwell","authors":"Rino Herwangga, Muhammad Nizam, Miftahul Anwar","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35128","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted to determine the efficiency of electric motors with soft magnetic composite and laminate by used software Ansys Maxwell. Soft magnetic composite material which was given 4, 5, and 6 tons of compaction pressure from previous research performed to fill the input data on electric motor efficiency simulation. The used datas were hysterisis curve which are resulted of VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) testing. Ansys Maxwell Rmxprt was used to simulate efficiency of electric motor. The results of Ansys Maxwell Rmxprt simulation were a relation curve between the efficiency and the rotation of the electric motor. The results simulation of efficiency electric motor using soft magnetic composite core furthermore compared to the efficiency value of electric motor using laminate core. The results showed that the efficiency value of electric motor with soft magnetic composite with compacting pressure 4, 5 and 6 tons was 89,94 %, 89,97 %, and 90,62 % respectively. Efficiency value of electric motor with core laminate material was 91,22 %. The simulation showed that the value of a compaction pressure given on soft magnetic composite material affect on the efficiency of electrical motor. As a conclusion of this research that the efficiency value of electric motor trend increase with the value of compacting pressure on the material. ","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123571974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35126
H. Sukanto
The powder size used in the research were maximum of 297mm and maximum of 105m resulted by water atomization. Both powder sizes were dry mixed by ratio of 65:35 %wt and was added by 1,25% wt of wax. Mixing was taking a place in steel cylinder with diameter of 2” roteted at 140 rpm for 2 hr. Green body was formed by pressing pressure of 280, 340, 400 and 435 Mpa. Sintering was conducted in argon and temperatures variation of 500, 550, 600 and 650oC for 2 hr.The results show thet sintering temperature change have no significant effects on density and mechanical properties while presing pressure have dominantly effects. Traverse rupture strength, density and hardness growth with increasing pressing pressure but they will decrease with increasing sintering temperature. The best increasing of mechanical properties was occurred at temperature sintering of 500oC and compaction pressure of 400 Mpa.
{"title":"Pengaruh beban kompaksi dan suhu sintering terhadap densitas dan sifat mekanik aluminium water atomized","authors":"H. Sukanto","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35126","url":null,"abstract":"The powder size used in the research were maximum of 297mm and maximum of 105m resulted by water atomization. Both powder sizes were dry mixed by ratio of 65:35 %wt and was added by 1,25% wt of wax. Mixing was taking a place in steel cylinder with diameter of 2” roteted at 140 rpm for 2 hr. Green body was formed by pressing pressure of 280, 340, 400 and 435 Mpa. Sintering was conducted in argon and temperatures variation of 500, 550, 600 and 650oC for 2 hr.The results show thet sintering temperature change have no significant effects on density and mechanical properties while presing pressure have dominantly effects. Traverse rupture strength, density and hardness growth with increasing pressing pressure but they will decrease with increasing sintering temperature. The best increasing of mechanical properties was occurred at temperature sintering of 500oC and compaction pressure of 400 Mpa.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128057059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35127
A. Purwanto, T. Triyono, S. Cahyono
Steel material was widely used and obtained in the industry and automotive application. The hardness of the surface area and the ductile of the core were produced by using heat treatment, in this case, automatic flame hardening method was used. The heat treatment process was done in order to increase the surface temperature by using a carburizing flame and then the cooling process by using water cooling medium continously followed. The aim of this research was to identify the effect the heating torch velocity on the surface hardness and the tensile strength of the medium carbon steel using the automatic flame hardening process. Some variations were used in this research were heating torch velocities at 10 mm/min, 20 mm/min, 30 mm/min, and 40 mm/min. The results shows that the heating torch velocity at speed 10 mm/min was the most optimal parameter. The maximum hardness of the surface area is reached 398.9 VHN, while the highest tensile strength was 647.3 MPa and the perlit-ferrit phase was also formed. By these results, the hard properties on the surface area and the ductile properties in the middle area of the specimen could be obtained.
{"title":"Pengaruh kecepatan gerak torch pemanas pada proses automatic flame hardening terhadap nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik baja karbon medium","authors":"A. Purwanto, T. Triyono, S. Cahyono","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V17I2.35127","url":null,"abstract":"Steel material was widely used and obtained in the industry and automotive application. The hardness of the surface area and the ductile of the core were produced by using heat treatment, in this case, automatic flame hardening method was used. The heat treatment process was done in order to increase the surface temperature by using a carburizing flame and then the cooling process by using water cooling medium continously followed. The aim of this research was to identify the effect the heating torch velocity on the surface hardness and the tensile strength of the medium carbon steel using the automatic flame hardening process. Some variations were used in this research were heating torch velocities at 10 mm/min, 20 mm/min, 30 mm/min, and 40 mm/min. The results shows that the heating torch velocity at speed 10 mm/min was the most optimal parameter. The maximum hardness of the surface area is reached 398.9 VHN, while the highest tensile strength was 647.3 MPa and the perlit-ferrit phase was also formed. By these results, the hard properties on the surface area and the ductile properties in the middle area of the specimen could be obtained.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130136972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35040
A. Rifa'i, B. Kristiawan, Agung Tri Wijayanta
Micro-fin is the popular technique for increasing heat transfer performance of the heat exchangers. In this research, the heat transfer coefficient of water inside counter-flow heat exchangers with micro-fin was investigated by experiment at the Reynolds number (Re) was varied from 4000-10,000. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient increase with increasing Reynolds number. Furthermore, effect helical micro-fin increasing pressure drop and friction factor at turbulent flow region.
{"title":"STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PERPINDAHAN KALOR KONVEKSI, PENURUNAN TEKANAN DAN FAKTOR GESEKAN PADA ALAT PENUKAR KALOR MENGGUNAKAN MICRO-FIN TUBE","authors":"A. Rifa'i, B. Kristiawan, Agung Tri Wijayanta","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35040","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-fin is the popular technique for increasing heat transfer performance of the heat exchangers. In this research, the heat transfer coefficient of water inside counter-flow heat exchangers with micro-fin was investigated by experiment at the Reynolds number (Re) was varied from 4000-10,000. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient increase with increasing Reynolds number. Furthermore, effect helical micro-fin increasing pressure drop and friction factor at turbulent flow region.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132829975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35041
M. Fathurrohman, D. Susilo
Bearings are the critical part of any rotating machine. The catastrophic failure of the bearing can lead to fatal and harmful to the operation of the machine. Therefore, predictive maintenance based on condition monitoring of bearing is very important. The objective of this research is to apply Support Vector Machine (SVM) method for fault diagnosis of the ball bearing. The research was carried out at the bearing test rig. Four types of ball bearing condition, such as normal, inner race defect, ball defect, and outer race defect were measured of the vibration signals using data acquisition with a sampling frequency of 20 kHz at the constant speed of 1400 RPM. Various features were extracted from vibration signals in time domain, such as RMS, variance, standard deviation, crest factor, shape factor, skewness, kurtosis, log energy entropy and sure entropy. PCA transformation was employed to reduce the dimension of feature extracted data. SVM classification problems were solved using MATLAB 2016a. The results showed that the application of RBF kernel function with the C parameter =1 was the best configuration. The training model accuracy was 98.93% and the testing accuracy of SVM was 97.5%. Finally, the research results show that the SVM classification method can be used to diagnose the fault condition of the ball bearing..
{"title":"DIAGNOSA KERUSAKAN BANTALAN BOLA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE","authors":"M. Fathurrohman, D. Susilo","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35041","url":null,"abstract":"Bearings are the critical part of any rotating machine. The catastrophic failure of the bearing can lead to fatal and harmful to the operation of the machine. Therefore, predictive maintenance based on condition monitoring of bearing is very important. The objective of this research is to apply Support Vector Machine (SVM) method for fault diagnosis of the ball bearing. The research was carried out at the bearing test rig. Four types of ball bearing condition, such as normal, inner race defect, ball defect, and outer race defect were measured of the vibration signals using data acquisition with a sampling frequency of 20 kHz at the constant speed of 1400 RPM. Various features were extracted from vibration signals in time domain, such as RMS, variance, standard deviation, crest factor, shape factor, skewness, kurtosis, log energy entropy and sure entropy. PCA transformation was employed to reduce the dimension of feature extracted data. SVM classification problems were solved using MATLAB 2016a. The results showed that the application of RBF kernel function with the C parameter =1 was the best configuration. The training model accuracy was 98.93% and the testing accuracy of SVM was 97.5%. Finally, the research results show that the SVM classification method can be used to diagnose the fault condition of the ball bearing..","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122634968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35042
Setiawan Eka Prawira, J. Triyono, T. Triyono
In this study, a preliminary study on the preparation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) as bone filler was made from sheep femur bone by calcination method. The femur of the sheep is cut into a form of scaffold with dimensions of 5 mm x 5 mm x 5 mm. The calcination process is performed at four variations of temperature (700oC, 900oC, 1100oC, 1300oC). Characterization of scaffold material done before and after calcination process, it intended to find out the influence and relationship between calcination of temperature on the mechanical properties of SHA material. The results of hardness testing show that the higher calcination temperature then the SHA material hardness value also increased. The optimum hardness value occurs at 1100oC calcination temperature of 38.23±0.985VHN. Meanwhile, high calcination temperature will also decrease the compressive strength of SHA material. The value of the optimum compressive strength is achieved at 1100oC calcination temperature of 2.23±0.249 MPa. The morphology of SHA scaffold was analyzed by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). The observation of SEM shows the occurrence of porous interconnections in all temperature variations. SEM analysis results show that porous interconnect is formed at all temperature variations with diameter size ± 100-500μm. Very high calcination temperature will give the impact of HAp wall is getting thinner and the porous diameter is getting bigger. Porous interconnection damage is also seen at 1300°C which causes the mechanical properties of SHA to decrease.
{"title":"PENGARUH TEMPERATUR KALSINASI TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK MATERIAL SCAFFOLD HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI TULANG KAMBING","authors":"Setiawan Eka Prawira, J. Triyono, T. Triyono","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35042","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a preliminary study on the preparation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) as bone filler was made from sheep femur bone by calcination method. The femur of the sheep is cut into a form of scaffold with dimensions of 5 mm x 5 mm x 5 mm. The calcination process is performed at four variations of temperature (700oC, 900oC, 1100oC, 1300oC). Characterization of scaffold material done before and after calcination process, it intended to find out the influence and relationship between calcination of temperature on the mechanical properties of SHA material. The results of hardness testing show that the higher calcination temperature then the SHA material hardness value also increased. The optimum hardness value occurs at 1100oC calcination temperature of 38.23±0.985VHN. Meanwhile, high calcination temperature will also decrease the compressive strength of SHA material. The value of the optimum compressive strength is achieved at 1100oC calcination temperature of 2.23±0.249 MPa. The morphology of SHA scaffold was analyzed by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). The observation of SEM shows the occurrence of porous interconnections in all temperature variations. SEM analysis results show that porous interconnect is formed at all temperature variations with diameter size ± 100-500μm. Very high calcination temperature will give the impact of HAp wall is getting thinner and the porous diameter is getting bigger. Porous interconnection damage is also seen at 1300°C which causes the mechanical properties of SHA to decrease.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131938985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-02DOI: 10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35039
Aditya Noor, N. Muhayat, Triyono
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the development of solid state welding to joint lightweight materials such as aluminium. In the automotive industry, lightweight materials are needed in the structure of vehicle construction to improve efficiency in vehicles. This research aims to find out how the effect of rotational speed and dwell time on physical and mechanical properties on the weld joint of aluminium 1100 with Zn interlayer addition. Variations used in rotational speed 1000, 1250, 1600 rpm and dwell time 6, 7, 8 s. Pullout fracture occur in tensile tests that are getting bigger with increasing rotational speed and dwell time. The results of SEM and EDS observations showed that the metallurgical bonded zone increased and kept the hook defect away. The spread of Zn in the stir zone area causes the formation of solid Al-Zn phase in a solid solution. The hook defect filled with Zn can minimize cracks that occur, so increased the tensile shear load. The highest tensile shear load value of FSSW AA1100 without Zn interlayer is 3.61 kN, while the FSSW AA1100 with Zn interlayer addition is 4.34 kN.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ROTATIONAL SPEED AND DWELL TIME ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRICTION STIR SPOT WELDING ALUMINIUM 1100 WITH ZN POWDER INTERLAYER ADDITION","authors":"Aditya Noor, N. Muhayat, Triyono","doi":"10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20961/MEKANIKA.V18I1.35039","url":null,"abstract":"Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the development of solid state welding to joint lightweight materials such as aluminium. In the automotive industry, lightweight materials are needed in the structure of vehicle construction to improve efficiency in vehicles. This research aims to find out how the effect of rotational speed and dwell time on physical and mechanical properties on the weld joint of aluminium 1100 with Zn interlayer addition. Variations used in rotational speed 1000, 1250, 1600 rpm and dwell time 6, 7, 8 s. Pullout fracture occur in tensile tests that are getting bigger with increasing rotational speed and dwell time. The results of SEM and EDS observations showed that the metallurgical bonded zone increased and kept the hook defect away. The spread of Zn in the stir zone area causes the formation of solid Al-Zn phase in a solid solution. The hook defect filled with Zn can minimize cracks that occur, so increased the tensile shear load. The highest tensile shear load value of FSSW AA1100 without Zn interlayer is 3.61 kN, while the FSSW AA1100 with Zn interlayer addition is 4.34 kN.","PeriodicalId":356258,"journal":{"name":"Mekanika: Majalah Ilmiah Mekanika","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121928935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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