Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95477
B.L. Hutton
The orderly management of releasing, maintaining, and enhancing a large software system is described. The software system is used at various locations. A large software system is defined as more than a million lines of high-level code with associated softcopy documentation. The author only discusses the management of the various levels (versions) of the code within the software system. It is assumed that the requirements and functional specifications have been defined and the appropriate administrative actions have occurred. Specifics of the process are given, such as code library levels for software and softcopy documentation from development through testing and release to production. The process handles multiple levels and types of code and documentation from various groups (departments). A single system is used for tracking and releasing code with minimal personnel resource required. The appropriate level of security control is provided. The tracking and pertinent data are stored in one direct-access database. It is concluded that the data integrity provided by this system makes the developer's job easier. The tracking system keeps management informed of the status of system integration and problems as they develop. The total system ensures the orderly release and maintenance of code with minimal risk of contaminated production code.<>
{"title":"Managing various levels of a large software system","authors":"B.L. Hutton","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95477","url":null,"abstract":"The orderly management of releasing, maintaining, and enhancing a large software system is described. The software system is used at various locations. A large software system is defined as more than a million lines of high-level code with associated softcopy documentation. The author only discusses the management of the various levels (versions) of the code within the software system. It is assumed that the requirements and functional specifications have been defined and the appropriate administrative actions have occurred. Specifics of the process are given, such as code library levels for software and softcopy documentation from development through testing and release to production. The process handles multiple levels and types of code and documentation from various groups (departments). A single system is used for tracking and releasing code with minimal personnel resource required. The appropriate level of security control is provided. The tracking and pertinent data are stored in one direct-access database. It is concluded that the data integrity provided by this system makes the developer's job easier. The tracking system keeps management informed of the status of system integration and problems as they develop. The total system ensures the orderly release and maintenance of code with minimal risk of contaminated production code.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121943386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95479
A. Kodet
Electro-impulse deicing (EIDI) which uses EM field induced eddy currents has been demonstrated to be an effective ice protection technology in various applications. The applications that EIDI has been demonstrated on by flight tests or icing wind-tunnel tests are the large transport aircraft, engine inlet, general aviation, business jets and commuter jets, and helicopter rotor blades. Various computer codes have been written for analyzing the pulse circuit, the electrodynamics, and structural response. It is concluded that EIDI is the only ice protection technology that has demonstrated potential in all market segments and does not impose the energy consumption penalties of present ice protection technologies.<>
{"title":"Electro-impulse deicing","authors":"A. Kodet","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95479","url":null,"abstract":"Electro-impulse deicing (EIDI) which uses EM field induced eddy currents has been demonstrated to be an effective ice protection technology in various applications. The applications that EIDI has been demonstrated on by flight tests or icing wind-tunnel tests are the large transport aircraft, engine inlet, general aviation, business jets and commuter jets, and helicopter rotor blades. Various computer codes have been written for analyzing the pulse circuit, the electrodynamics, and structural response. It is concluded that EIDI is the only ice protection technology that has demonstrated potential in all market segments and does not impose the energy consumption penalties of present ice protection technologies.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123486512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95471
R. Schwartz
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is becoming increasingly important to electronics as devices become smaller and smaller. It may be the culprit in failure many more times than realized, for it can occur at many stages in the progression from device fabrication to finished equipment assembly and shipping. Many engineers, technicians, and assembly workers are almost completely ignorant of ESD and its threat to the equipment they design and build. The author reviews the subject of ESD, its cause, its effects, and the measures used to combat it.<>
{"title":"Why chips fail: electrostatic discharge","authors":"R. Schwartz","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95471","url":null,"abstract":"Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is becoming increasingly important to electronics as devices become smaller and smaller. It may be the culprit in failure many more times than realized, for it can occur at many stages in the progression from device fabrication to finished equipment assembly and shipping. Many engineers, technicians, and assembly workers are almost completely ignorant of ESD and its threat to the equipment they design and build. The author reviews the subject of ESD, its cause, its effects, and the measures used to combat it.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134549157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95458
N. A. Roy, H. Ouibrahim
A Prony-based algorithm for the estimation of frequencies embedded in noise is discussed. The performance of this algorithm is known to depend on the signal-to-noise ratio. A perturbation analysis of this algorithm is carried out to assess this performance. The estimation accuracy, measured in terms of the bias and variance of the estimated frequencies, is discussed. The expressions for the variance are obtained for cases when L=M and L>M, where L is the order of the coefficient polynomial and M is the number of complex sinusoidals. It is found that as L increases the variance decreases and thus improves the frequency estimates.<>
{"title":"On the perturbation analysis of a Prony-based algorithm","authors":"N. A. Roy, H. Ouibrahim","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95458","url":null,"abstract":"A Prony-based algorithm for the estimation of frequencies embedded in noise is discussed. The performance of this algorithm is known to depend on the signal-to-noise ratio. A perturbation analysis of this algorithm is carried out to assess this performance. The estimation accuracy, measured in terms of the bias and variance of the estimated frequencies, is discussed. The expressions for the variance are obtained for cases when L=M and L>M, where L is the order of the coefficient polynomial and M is the number of complex sinusoidals. It is found that as L increases the variance decreases and thus improves the frequency estimates.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133737885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95460
M. Khaldi, V. Skormin
A purely quantitative approach to the frequency domain design of control systems is described. The approach uses principles of computer-aided design. The proposed design technique is based on the computation of the system frequency response, evaluation of the discrepancy between the actual and required response, and numerical minimization of this discrepancy with respect to adjustable system parameters. The simplex optimization procedure is used in the proposed procedure. Results of the simulation of the transient response of the designed system indicate that design specifications are completely satisfied.<>
{"title":"Frequency domain design of control systems using the simplex optimization procedure","authors":"M. Khaldi, V. Skormin","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95460","url":null,"abstract":"A purely quantitative approach to the frequency domain design of control systems is described. The approach uses principles of computer-aided design. The proposed design technique is based on the computation of the system frequency response, evaluation of the discrepancy between the actual and required response, and numerical minimization of this discrepancy with respect to adjustable system parameters. The simplex optimization procedure is used in the proposed procedure. Results of the simulation of the transient response of the designed system indicate that design specifications are completely satisfied.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123625765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95465
D. DeFreitas
It is noted that unmanned vehicles initially draw power from the launch platform for preflight diagnostics, go/no-go status, and the programming of an initial flight plan. The onboard power system consists of two sources: batteries are used for preflight checkout, postlaunch sequences, and emergency power for autorecovery sequences; and a generator/regulator system is utilized after launch to supply power for all avionics modules. System trade studies on the development of high-performance electrical power systems are discussed. Test results are then presented on four programs: phase control with shaft position sensing; a high-frequency resonant converter, which lowers electromagnetic emissions and system size and weight by using high-frequency sinusoidal resonance as the power conversion vehicle; a hybrid shunt regulator; and switched reluctance systems, a solution for high-temperature (>500 degrees F) power systems on next generation high-performance turbine engines.<>
{"title":"High performance electrical power systems for unmanned airborne vehicles","authors":"D. DeFreitas","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95465","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that unmanned vehicles initially draw power from the launch platform for preflight diagnostics, go/no-go status, and the programming of an initial flight plan. The onboard power system consists of two sources: batteries are used for preflight checkout, postlaunch sequences, and emergency power for autorecovery sequences; and a generator/regulator system is utilized after launch to supply power for all avionics modules. System trade studies on the development of high-performance electrical power systems are discussed. Test results are then presented on four programs: phase control with shaft position sensing; a high-frequency resonant converter, which lowers electromagnetic emissions and system size and weight by using high-frequency sinusoidal resonance as the power conversion vehicle; a hybrid shunt regulator; and switched reluctance systems, a solution for high-temperature (>500 degrees F) power systems on next generation high-performance turbine engines.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122316927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95463
J. D. Bronfield
The author discusses overvoltage and ferroresonance problems created when a cogenerator or other interconnected customer-owned generator is isolated (islanded) with a part of the utility system. These problems, and their mitigation and/or elimination, in large part determine the protective relaying and other technical requirements imposed by utilities on the customers who wish to interconnect generators to the utility system. The author discusses the types and sizes of the generators, the type and magnitude of the load, and how each affects the probability and relative severity of the ferroresonant overvoltages predicted. It is demonstrated that a section of the utility system can become islanded, or isolated from the utility source. The island is shown to contain a source of electrical energy (i.e. generator) which is greater in capacity than one third of the islanded load. The island contains a source of capacitive volt-amperes greater than the inductive requirements of the load and minimum excitation requirements of the generator(s), and less than five times the generator rating. The island contains one or more transformers. It is concluded that the best way to protect interconnected customer generators and the connected load from ferroresonance is to prevent or preclude the occurrence of these conditions.<>
{"title":"Ferroresonant overvoltages associated with utility interconnection of independent power producers","authors":"J. D. Bronfield","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95463","url":null,"abstract":"The author discusses overvoltage and ferroresonance problems created when a cogenerator or other interconnected customer-owned generator is isolated (islanded) with a part of the utility system. These problems, and their mitigation and/or elimination, in large part determine the protective relaying and other technical requirements imposed by utilities on the customers who wish to interconnect generators to the utility system. The author discusses the types and sizes of the generators, the type and magnitude of the load, and how each affects the probability and relative severity of the ferroresonant overvoltages predicted. It is demonstrated that a section of the utility system can become islanded, or isolated from the utility source. The island is shown to contain a source of electrical energy (i.e. generator) which is greater in capacity than one third of the islanded load. The island contains a source of capacitive volt-amperes greater than the inductive requirements of the load and minimum excitation requirements of the generator(s), and less than five times the generator rating. The island contains one or more transformers. It is concluded that the best way to protect interconnected customer generators and the connected load from ferroresonance is to prevent or preclude the occurrence of these conditions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123832797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95470
P. Clouser
Three planar Delta-I noise models are identified and quantified: a first-order system developed from a radial transmission line; a second-order system developed from lumped elements; and internal reflection developed from a uniform transmission line. The proposed technique is derived from a combination of experimental measurements and theoretical analyses in which the Delta-I noise is divided into self, adjacent, and remote components. Emphasis is placed on understanding the underlying physical mechanisms of the Delta-I noise in specific experimental cases Values measured at 1 MHz on printed circuit board structures have yielded the power plane capacitance, signal line capacitance, and signal line inductance values used to calculate and understand the effects of nanosecond and subnanosecond pulses on those structures.<>
{"title":"Delta-I noise in planar structures","authors":"P. Clouser","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95470","url":null,"abstract":"Three planar Delta-I noise models are identified and quantified: a first-order system developed from a radial transmission line; a second-order system developed from lumped elements; and internal reflection developed from a uniform transmission line. The proposed technique is derived from a combination of experimental measurements and theoretical analyses in which the Delta-I noise is divided into self, adjacent, and remote components. Emphasis is placed on understanding the underlying physical mechanisms of the Delta-I noise in specific experimental cases Values measured at 1 MHz on printed circuit board structures have yielded the power plane capacitance, signal line capacitance, and signal line inductance values used to calculate and understand the effects of nanosecond and subnanosecond pulses on those structures.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129275962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95484
Z.D. Taylor, V. Skormin
The design and implementation of a model reference adaptive velocity control system for a small programmable four-wheel robotic vehicle are presented. Modeling of the plant, hardware and software design approaches, and experimental results of the study are discussed. It has been demonstrated that a MRAC (model reference adaptive control) system can be easily implemented by programming the control law in a microcontroller. The designed PWM (pulse-width modulation) motor controller hardware performed as expected, providing a significant increase in the efficiency and controllability of the motor. The appropriate selection of the adaptive gains and other factors is crucial for the practical implementation of the MRAC control law. Computer simulation provides the necessary means for the adjustment of these parameters and the verification of the design.<>
{"title":"Design of an adaptive velocity controller for a programmable four wheel vehicle","authors":"Z.D. Taylor, V. Skormin","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95484","url":null,"abstract":"The design and implementation of a model reference adaptive velocity control system for a small programmable four-wheel robotic vehicle are presented. Modeling of the plant, hardware and software design approaches, and experimental results of the study are discussed. It has been demonstrated that a MRAC (model reference adaptive control) system can be easily implemented by programming the control law in a microcontroller. The designed PWM (pulse-width modulation) motor controller hardware performed as expected, providing a significant increase in the efficiency and controllability of the motor. The appropriate selection of the adaptive gains and other factors is crucial for the practical implementation of the MRAC control law. Computer simulation provides the necessary means for the adjustment of these parameters and the verification of the design.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121111294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1988-10-19DOI: 10.1109/STIER.1988.95486
C. Bergman
The author describes the functional definition, design, construction, and operation of a password-protected power controller (PPC) for accessing data in a PC by telephone. The computer system includes a hard disk and remote control software (such as EasyLAN or CARBON COPY). The PPC connects serially between the external modem and the computer, plugs into wall power, and provides switched power to the computer system. Operationally, the PPC queries the caller for the password and, if a proper password is received from the caller, powers up the computer system. The remote-control software is loaded (by autoexec), and the PPC transparently passes all two-way serial communications. Monitoring of incoming data allows the PPC to power down the computer when the appropriate string is received. In local operation, the PPC provides manually controlled power and can be reprogrammed for different passwords and query strings. EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is used for query and password storage. Techniques for reading from and writing to the 2816 2KX8 EEPROM are described, and the differences between EEPROM and NOVRAM (nonvolatile RAM) are discussed.<>
{"title":"A password-protected power controller","authors":"C. Bergman","doi":"10.1109/STIER.1988.95486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/STIER.1988.95486","url":null,"abstract":"The author describes the functional definition, design, construction, and operation of a password-protected power controller (PPC) for accessing data in a PC by telephone. The computer system includes a hard disk and remote control software (such as EasyLAN or CARBON COPY). The PPC connects serially between the external modem and the computer, plugs into wall power, and provides switched power to the computer system. Operationally, the PPC queries the caller for the password and, if a proper password is received from the caller, powers up the computer system. The remote-control software is loaded (by autoexec), and the PPC transparently passes all two-way serial communications. Monitoring of incoming data allows the PPC to power down the computer when the appropriate string is received. In local operation, the PPC provides manually controlled power and can be reprogrammed for different passwords and query strings. EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is used for query and password storage. Techniques for reading from and writing to the 2816 2KX8 EEPROM are described, and the differences between EEPROM and NOVRAM (nonvolatile RAM) are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":356590,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the IEEE Southern Tier Technical Conference","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131473438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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