Pub Date : 2017-03-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.051
Heedong Pyo
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of beaches which are the major part of the East Sea Coast. ITCM (Individual Travel Cost Method) is applied to estimate the economic value of its beaches using Poisson, negative binomial, truncated Poisson and truncated negative binomial models. The consumer surplus during length of stay per capita is 214,088 won in beaches overall on the East Sea Coast, 206,398 won in Gangwon-do beaches and 271,171 won in Gyeongbuk/Ulsan beaches. Annual total economic value of its beaches considering the number of visitors at beaches is 6,269 billion won (3,970 billion won in Kangwondo beaches, 2,299 billion won in Kyungbuk/Ulsan beaches).
{"title":"Estimating the Economic Value of the East Sea Beach Using Individual Travel Cost Method","authors":"Heedong Pyo","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.051","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of beaches which are the major part of the East Sea Coast. ITCM (Individual Travel Cost Method) is applied to estimate the economic value of its beaches using Poisson, negative binomial, truncated Poisson and truncated negative binomial models. The consumer surplus during length of stay per capita is 214,088 won in beaches overall on the East Sea Coast, 206,398 won in Gangwon-do beaches and 271,171 won in Gyeongbuk/Ulsan beaches. Annual total economic value of its beaches considering the number of visitors at beaches is 6,269 billion won (3,970 billion won in Kangwondo beaches, 2,299 billion won in Kyungbuk/Ulsan beaches).","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42940913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.013
Hong-Yeon Cho, Sung Kim, Youn-Ho Lee, Gila Jung, Choong-gon Kim, D. Jeong, Yu-Cheol Lee, Mee-Hye Kang, Hana Kim, Hae-young Choi, Jina Oh, Jung-Goo Myong, Hee-Jung Choi
Temporal changes in the number of zooplankton species are important information for understanding basic characteristics and species diversity in marine ecosystems. The aim of the present study was to estimate the optimal monitoring frequency (OMF) to guarantee and predict the minimum number of species occurrences for studies concerning marine ecosystems. The OMF is estimated using the temporal number of zooplankton species through bi-weekly monitoring of zooplankton species data according to operational taxonomic units in the Tongyoung coastal sea. The optimal model comprises two terms, a constant (optimal mean) and a cosine function with a one-year period. The confidence interval (CI) range of the model with monitoring frequency was estimated using a bootstrap method. The CI range was used as a reference to estimate the optimal monitoring frequency. In general, the minimum monitoring frequency (numbers per year) directly depends on the target (acceptable) estimation error. When the acceptable error (range of the CI) increases, the monitoring frequency decreases because the large acceptable error signals a rough estimation. If the acceptable error (unit: number value) of the number of the zooplankton species is set to 3, the minimum monitoring frequency (times per year) is 24. The residual distribution of the model followed a normal distribution. This model can be applied for the estimation of the minimal monitoring frequency that satisfies the target error bounds, as this model provides an estimation of the error of the zooplankton species numbers with monitoring frequencies.
{"title":"Optimal Monitoring Frequency Estimation Using Confidence Intervals for the Temporal Model of a Zooplankton Species Number Based on Operational Taxonomic Units at the Tongyoung Marine Science Station","authors":"Hong-Yeon Cho, Sung Kim, Youn-Ho Lee, Gila Jung, Choong-gon Kim, D. Jeong, Yu-Cheol Lee, Mee-Hye Kang, Hana Kim, Hae-young Choi, Jina Oh, Jung-Goo Myong, Hee-Jung Choi","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.013","url":null,"abstract":"Temporal changes in the number of zooplankton species are important information for understanding basic characteristics and species diversity in marine ecosystems. The aim of the present study was to estimate the optimal monitoring frequency (OMF) to guarantee and predict the minimum number of species occurrences for studies concerning marine ecosystems. The OMF is estimated using the temporal number of zooplankton species through bi-weekly monitoring of zooplankton species data according to operational taxonomic units in the Tongyoung coastal sea. The optimal model comprises two terms, a constant (optimal mean) and a cosine function with a one-year period. The confidence interval (CI) range of the model with monitoring frequency was estimated using a bootstrap method. The CI range was used as a reference to estimate the optimal monitoring frequency. In general, the minimum monitoring frequency (numbers per year) directly depends on the target (acceptable) estimation error. When the acceptable error (range of the CI) increases, the monitoring frequency decreases because the large acceptable error signals a rough estimation. If the acceptable error (unit: number value) of the number of the zooplankton species is set to 3, the minimum monitoring frequency (times per year) is 24. The residual distribution of the model followed a normal distribution. This model can be applied for the estimation of the minimal monitoring frequency that satisfies the target error bounds, as this model provides an estimation of the error of the zooplankton species numbers with monitoring frequencies.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49147922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.001
T. Lee, H. Gil, I. Park
The aim of this study was to determine the physiological response and the applicable concentration ranges of anesthetic clove oil and anesthetic lidocaine-HCl, and to investigate the synergistic effect of a mixture of these two anesthetics on the in grass puffer (Takifugu niphobles). The anesthesia times decreased and the recovery times increased with increasing concentrations of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl. Applicable concentration ranges for long-term transportation requiring more than 1 hour were 2 ppm for clove oil and 50 ppm for lidocaine-HCl. With mixtures of the two anesthetics, the anesthesia time decreased as the admixture concentration of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl increased. Anesthesia times of experimental groups with the combined anesthetics were shorter than those with the same concentrations of clove oil or lidocaine-HCl alone. Plasma cortisol concentrations were highest at 6 hours in all experimental groups anesthetized with the mixture of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl, while all groups with clove oil or lidocaine-HCl alone had the highest plasma cortisol concentrations at 12 hours. Plasma glucose concentrations were highest at 12 hours in experimental groups anesthetized with the mixture of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl, while groups with clove oil or lidocaine-HCl alone had the highest plasma glucose at 24 hours. The results of this study provide basic information about anesthetics and the synergistic effect of mixtures of anesthetics in this fish species. This information should be useful for aquaculturists who require methods for safe and easy fish handling, and for transporters who require that minimal stress is imposed on fish during transport.
{"title":"ANESTHETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CLOVE OIL AND LIDOCAINE-HCL ON THE GRASS PUFFER, Takifugu niphobles","authors":"T. Lee, H. Gil, I. Park","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2017.39.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the physiological response and the applicable concentration ranges of anesthetic clove oil and anesthetic lidocaine-HCl, and to investigate the synergistic effect of a mixture of these two anesthetics on the in grass puffer (Takifugu niphobles). The anesthesia times decreased and the recovery times increased with increasing concentrations of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl. Applicable concentration ranges for long-term transportation requiring more than 1 hour were 2 ppm for clove oil and 50 ppm for lidocaine-HCl. With mixtures of the two anesthetics, the anesthesia time decreased as the admixture concentration of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl increased. Anesthesia times of experimental groups with the combined anesthetics were shorter than those with the same concentrations of clove oil or lidocaine-HCl alone. Plasma cortisol concentrations were highest at 6 hours in all experimental groups anesthetized with the mixture of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl, while all groups with clove oil or lidocaine-HCl alone had the highest plasma cortisol concentrations at 12 hours. Plasma glucose concentrations were highest at 12 hours in experimental groups anesthetized with the mixture of clove oil and lidocaine-HCl, while groups with clove oil or lidocaine-HCl alone had the highest plasma glucose at 24 hours. The results of this study provide basic information about anesthetics and the synergistic effect of mixtures of anesthetics in this fish species. This information should be useful for aquaculturists who require methods for safe and easy fish handling, and for transporters who require that minimal stress is imposed on fish during transport.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41559639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.259
Dong-Kyu Lee
Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) observations from the Aquarius satellite in the East Sea show large systematic biases mainly caused by the surrounding lands and Radio Frequency Interferences (RFI) along the descending orbits on which the satellite travels from the Asian continent to the East Sea. To develop a technique for correcting the systematic biases unique to the East Sea, the least square regression between in situ observations of salinity and the reanalyzed salinities by HYCOM is first performed. Then monthly mean reanalyzed salinities fitted to the in situ salinities are compared with monthly mean Aquarius salinities to calculate mean biases in 1o × 1o boxes. Mean biases in winter (December−March) are found to be considerably larger than those in other seasons possibly caused by the inadequate correction of surface roughness in the sea surrounded by the land, and thus the mean bias corrections are performed using two bias tables. Large negative biases are found in the area near the coast of Japan and in the areas with islands. In the northern East Sea, data sets using the ascending orbit only (SCIA) are chosen for correction because of large RFI errors on the descending orbit (SCID). Resulting mean biases between the reanalysis salinities fitted to in situ observations and the bias corrected Aquarius salinities are less than 0.2 psu in all areas. The corrected mean salinity distributions in March and September demonstrate marked improvements when compared with mean salinities from the World Ocean Atlas (WOA [2005−2012]). In September, salinity distributions based on the corrected Aquarius and on the WOA (2005−2012) show similar distributions of Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) in the East Sea.
{"title":"Correction of Aquarius Sea Surface Salinity in the East Sea","authors":"Dong-Kyu Lee","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.259","url":null,"abstract":"Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) observations from the Aquarius satellite in the East Sea show large systematic biases mainly caused by the surrounding lands and Radio Frequency Interferences (RFI) along the descending orbits on which the satellite travels from the Asian continent to the East Sea. To develop a technique for correcting the systematic biases unique to the East Sea, the least square regression between in situ observations of salinity and the reanalyzed salinities by HYCOM is first performed. Then monthly mean reanalyzed salinities fitted to the in situ salinities are compared with monthly mean Aquarius salinities to calculate mean biases in 1o × 1o boxes. Mean biases in winter (December−March) are found to be considerably larger than those in other seasons possibly caused by the inadequate correction of surface roughness in the sea surrounded by the land, and thus the mean bias corrections are performed using two bias tables. Large negative biases are found in the area near the coast of Japan and in the areas with islands. In the northern East Sea, data sets using the ascending orbit only (SCIA) are chosen for correction because of large RFI errors on the descending orbit (SCID). Resulting mean biases between the reanalysis salinities fitted to in situ observations and the bias corrected Aquarius salinities are less than 0.2 psu in all areas. The corrected mean salinity distributions in March and September demonstrate marked improvements when compared with mean salinities from the World Ocean Atlas (WOA [2005−2012]). In September, salinity distributions based on the corrected Aquarius and on the WOA (2005−2012) show similar distributions of Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) in the East Sea.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.271
홍진실, 서성봉, 전찬형, 박재훈, 박영규, 민홍식
We evaluate the temperature and salinity fields in the East Sea reproduced by the global ocean reanalysis data using HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM for short). Temporal correlation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) change between HYCOM and the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) are higher in summer than winter. Though distributions of temperature and salinity in the HYCOM are similar to those from historical data (World Ocean Atlas 2013 V2), salinity in the HYCOM is lower (highter) in the region where the salinity is high (low). Temperature fields in the Ulleung basin of HYCOM are quite similar to those derived from Pressure-recording Inverted Echo Sounder (PIES), such as the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.7. This indicates that the HYCOM represents well the circulation and meso-scale phenomena in the Ulleung basin.
{"title":"Evaluation of Temperature and Salinity Fields of HYCOM Reanalysis Data in the East Sea","authors":"홍진실, 서성봉, 전찬형, 박재훈, 박영규, 민홍식","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.271","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate the temperature and salinity fields in the East Sea reproduced by the global ocean reanalysis data using HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM for short). Temporal correlation of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) change between HYCOM and the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) are higher in summer than winter. Though distributions of temperature and salinity in the HYCOM are similar to those from historical data (World Ocean Atlas 2013 V2), salinity in the HYCOM is lower (highter) in the region where the salinity is high (low). Temperature fields in the Ulleung basin of HYCOM are quite similar to those derived from Pressure-recording Inverted Echo Sounder (PIES), such as the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.7. This indicates that the HYCOM represents well the circulation and meso-scale phenomena in the Ulleung basin.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.331
Jeonghoon Lee
Many studies using tracers have been conducted to understand a physical process in a system. Rain-on-snow could accelerate snowmelt processes, which influences the hydrological process in both temperate and polar regions. Hydrological and ecological conditions will be affected by the amount and timing of discharge reaching the bottom of a snowpack. The discharge consists of the rain-on-snow, pore water penetrating into the snowpack and natural meltwater. In this study, after a rain-on-snow experiment, we conducted an isotopic hydrograph separation to distinguish rainwater and pore water from meltwater. Using the isotopic data of snow and meltwater from Lee et al. (2010), two components were separated based on the assumption that rainwater and pore water are new water and natural meltwater is old water. After the second rain-on-snow experiment, the maximum contributions of rainwater and pore water reached up to 69% of the discharge and then decreased. During the study period, the measured total discharge was 4153 L and 40% (based on hydrogen isotope) of rainwater and pore water was calculated in the discharge, which is not consistent with what Lee et al. (2016) calculated using chemical separation (63%). This inconsistency can be explained by how an end-member was defined in both approaches. The contributions of artificial rainonsnow and pore water to melwater discharge range between the two methods. This study will suggest a mixing calculation from isotopic compositions of the Southern Ocean.
许多使用示踪剂的研究都是为了了解系统中的物理过程。雨雪可以加速融雪过程，从而影响温带和极地地区的水文过程。到达积雪底部的流量和时间将影响水文和生态条件。排放物包括雪上的雨水、渗透到积雪中的孔隙水和自然融水。在本研究中，我们在雨雪实验之后，进行了同位素水线分离，以区分雨水和孔隙水与融水。利用Lee et al.(2010)的雪和融水同位素数据，假设雨水和孔隙水为新水，天然融水为旧水，将两组分分离。在第二次雨加雪试验后，雨水和孔隙水的最大贡献达到了流量的69%，随后有所下降。在研究期间，实测总排放量为4153 L，其中雨水和孔隙水占排放总量的40%(基于氢同位素)，这与Lee et al.(2016)采用化学分离法计算的63%不一致。这种不一致可以用两种方法中如何定义端元来解释。人工雨雪和孔隙水对融水排放的贡献介于两种方法之间。这项研究将根据南大洋的同位素组成提出一种混合计算。
{"title":"Isotopic Hydrograph Separation Using Artificial Rain-on-snow Experiments and Its Implications by Each Tracer","authors":"Jeonghoon Lee","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.331","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies using tracers have been conducted to understand a physical process in a system. Rain-on-snow could accelerate snowmelt processes, which influences the hydrological process in both temperate and polar regions. Hydrological and ecological conditions will be affected by the amount and timing of discharge reaching the bottom of a snowpack. The discharge consists of the rain-on-snow, pore water penetrating into the snowpack and natural meltwater. In this study, after a rain-on-snow experiment, we conducted an isotopic hydrograph separation to distinguish rainwater and pore water from meltwater. Using the isotopic data of snow and meltwater from Lee et al. (2010), two components were separated based on the assumption that rainwater and pore water are new water and natural meltwater is old water. After the second rain-on-snow experiment, the maximum contributions of rainwater and pore water reached up to 69% of the discharge and then decreased. During the study period, the measured total discharge was 4153 L and 40% (based on hydrogen isotope) of rainwater and pore water was calculated in the discharge, which is not consistent with what Lee et al. (2016) calculated using chemical separation (63%). This inconsistency can be explained by how an end-member was defined in both approaches. The contributions of artificial rainonsnow and pore water to melwater discharge range between the two methods. This study will suggest a mixing calculation from isotopic compositions of the Southern Ocean.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.303
Hyung-Ku Kang, Chang-Rae Lee, Dongseon Kim, S. Yoo
We tested the combined effects of increased partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) and temperature on the reproduction and survival of the copepod Calanus sinicus from Asan Bay, the Yellow Sea under laboratory conditions to understand the impact of acidification on copepods. Egg production rate, survival rate, and fecal pellet production of C. sinicus were not affected by 1305 ppm pCO₂ or with combined treatments of temperature and pCO₂, including 8℃ and 289 ppm pCO₂ (ambient), 8℃ and 753 ppm pCO₂ (high pCO₂), 12℃ and 289 ppm pCO₂ (high temperature), and 12℃ and 753 ppm pCO₂ (greenhouse), for 5 or 10 d of exposure. However, egg hatching success of C. sinicus decreased significantly in the greenhouse treatment compared with the ambient or the high pCO₂ treatments. These results suggest that a combined treatment (pCO₂ and temperature) affected egg viability more than a single treatment (pCO₂).
{"title":"Effects of Enhanced pCO2and Temperature on Reproduction and Survival of the Copepod Calanus sinicus","authors":"Hyung-Ku Kang, Chang-Rae Lee, Dongseon Kim, S. Yoo","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.303","url":null,"abstract":"We tested the combined effects of increased partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) and temperature on the reproduction and survival of the copepod Calanus sinicus from Asan Bay, the Yellow Sea under laboratory conditions to understand the impact of acidification on copepods. Egg production rate, survival rate, and fecal pellet production of C. sinicus were not affected by 1305 ppm pCO₂ or with combined treatments of temperature and pCO₂, including 8℃ and 289 ppm pCO₂ (ambient), 8℃ and 753 ppm pCO₂ (high pCO₂), 12℃ and 289 ppm pCO₂ (high temperature), and 12℃ and 753 ppm pCO₂ (greenhouse), for 5 or 10 d of exposure. However, egg hatching success of C. sinicus decreased significantly in the greenhouse treatment compared with the ambient or the high pCO₂ treatments. These results suggest that a combined treatment (pCO₂ and temperature) affected egg viability more than a single treatment (pCO₂).","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.295
H. Lee, W. Yoon, J. Chae, Jang‐Seu Ki
The nomenclature of the sea nettle jellyfish from Korea was initially described as Dactylometra quinquecirrha Agassiz, 1862. However its identity has been questioned on the basis of its local distribution and molecular data. Here, we examined morphology and DNA sequences of nuclear rDNA using specimens collected from southern Korean waters in August 2014. Based on morphological characteristics (bell size, umbrella pattern, number of tentacles and lappets) and distribution locality, we reassign the Korean D. quinquecirrha to Chrysaora pacifica (Goette, 1886), and provide a re-description accordingly. The molecular identity of C. pacifica was further confirmed by comparison of nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences.
{"title":"Re-description of Chrysaora pacifica (Goette, 1886) (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from Korean Coastal Waters: Morphology and Molecular Comparisons","authors":"H. Lee, W. Yoon, J. Chae, Jang‐Seu Ki","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.295","url":null,"abstract":"The nomenclature of the sea nettle jellyfish from Korea was initially described as Dactylometra quinquecirrha Agassiz, 1862. However its identity has been questioned on the basis of its local distribution and molecular data. Here, we examined morphology and DNA sequences of nuclear rDNA using specimens collected from southern Korean waters in August 2014. Based on morphological characteristics (bell size, umbrella pattern, number of tentacles and lappets) and distribution locality, we reassign the Korean D. quinquecirrha to Chrysaora pacifica (Goette, 1886), and provide a re-description accordingly. The molecular identity of C. pacifica was further confirmed by comparison of nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.325
Kyu‑Min Song
Partial high frequency bands were allocated to the operation of ocean surface radars that monitor the sea surface currents and waves in WRC-12. On that basis, government-related organizations revised the table of domestic frequency allocation. In order to study radio environments in the allocated bands for ocean radar, tests of the radio signal spectrum were carried at 7-sites using the receiver of the ocean surface radar system operated with a shutdown of the transmitter for 10−60 min. The results showed that no serious radio noises occur at 25 and 43 ㎒ bands, indicating a good radio environment for the ocean surface radar operation. However, at 13 ㎒ band, it was difficult to generate stable and confidential data from the ocean surface radar because serious radio noises occurred continuously.
{"title":"Analysis of Radio Environments Allocated to HF Ocean Surface Radar in Korea","authors":"Kyu‑Min Song","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.325","url":null,"abstract":"Partial high frequency bands were allocated to the operation of ocean surface radars that monitor the sea surface currents and waves in WRC-12. On that basis, government-related organizations revised the table of domestic frequency allocation. In order to study radio environments in the allocated bands for ocean radar, tests of the radio signal spectrum were carried at 7-sites using the receiver of the ocean surface radar system operated with a shutdown of the transmitter for 10−60 min. The results showed that no serious radio noises occur at 25 and 43 ㎒ bands, indicating a good radio environment for the ocean surface radar operation. However, at 13 ㎒ band, it was difficult to generate stable and confidential data from the ocean surface radar because serious radio noises occurred continuously.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-30DOI: 10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.287
Tae-Yang Eom, Yeon-Ju Lee, Hyi-Seung Lee
: Marine sponges have been a remarkably rich source of pharmacologically active and structurally diverse natural products. As a part of our continuing search for novel secondary metabolites of biomedical importance from marine invertebrate, we encountered the sponge Lipastrotethya sp. from Chuuk, Micronesia. The crude organic extract of this animal exhibited considerable cytotoxicity against the K562 cell line. Guided by the 1 H NMR analysis, flash chromatography of the crude extract followed by HPLC yielded a new triterpene glycoside, along with ten known saponins of the sarasinoside class. The structure of this new compound was determined by combined spectroscopic methods such as COSY, HSQC and HMBC experiment. Among these metabolites, six compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against ACHN, MDA-MB-231, NCI-H23 and NUGC-3 cell lines.
{"title":"A New Triterpenoid Saponin from the Tropical Marine Sponge Lipastrotethya sp.","authors":"Tae-Yang Eom, Yeon-Ju Lee, Hyi-Seung Lee","doi":"10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2016.38.4.287","url":null,"abstract":": Marine sponges have been a remarkably rich source of pharmacologically active and structurally diverse natural products. As a part of our continuing search for novel secondary metabolites of biomedical importance from marine invertebrate, we encountered the sponge Lipastrotethya sp. from Chuuk, Micronesia. The crude organic extract of this animal exhibited considerable cytotoxicity against the K562 cell line. Guided by the 1 H NMR analysis, flash chromatography of the crude extract followed by HPLC yielded a new triterpene glycoside, along with ten known saponins of the sarasinoside class. The structure of this new compound was determined by combined spectroscopic methods such as COSY, HSQC and HMBC experiment. Among these metabolites, six compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against ACHN, MDA-MB-231, NCI-H23 and NUGC-3 cell lines.","PeriodicalId":35665,"journal":{"name":"Ocean and Polar Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70346171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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