Pub Date : 2019-05-31DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021645
Yu Sang Chang, J. Yoo
This study projected nuclear electricity intensity for eight countries - China, the USA, India, South Korea, Japan, Canada and Brazil - which in turn is used to estimate net nuclear electricity generation for year 2020, 2030, and 2040. The net nuclear electricity generation projected by this study then was compared to those projected in the 2013 International Energy Outlook published by the US Energy Information Administration. The 2040 projection from this study is 57.7% higher than Energy Information Administration's projection for China and also 54% higher for the USA. For four other countries, Energy Information Administration's projections are higher than those from this study, but by a smaller margin. Implications from the findings will be discussed.
{"title":"Alternative projection of the 2040 nuclear power for eight countries","authors":"Yu Sang Chang, J. Yoo","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021645","url":null,"abstract":"This study projected nuclear electricity intensity for eight countries - China, the USA, India, South Korea, Japan, Canada and Brazil - which in turn is used to estimate net nuclear electricity generation for year 2020, 2030, and 2040. The net nuclear electricity generation projected by this study then was compared to those projected in the 2013 International Energy Outlook published by the US Energy Information Administration. The 2040 projection from this study is 57.7% higher than Energy Information Administration's projection for China and also 54% higher for the USA. For four other countries, Energy Information Administration's projections are higher than those from this study, but by a smaller margin. Implications from the findings will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43109381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-31DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021646
Richardson Omorodje Eni, J. Akinbami
The study evaluated the flexible techno-economic operations of thermal plants for sustainable wind power integration into the Nigerian electricity industry using security constraint unit commitment approach. This provides empirical evidence on the thermal power plants capability to back-up variable generation from wind energy. Relative to the current generation mix, 10% and 20% wind energy penetration increased the system spinning reserve per day from 702.5 to 1507.5 and 2107.5 MW respectively. Thermal plants total numbers of start-up per day decreased from 23 to 14 and 18, and shutdown hours per day decreased from 52 to 44 and 49 hrs in 10% and 20% wind energy integrated system, respectively. Greenhouse emission reduction per day were 1746.6 and 3254.4 lb, and thermal plants operational revenue reduced by 3.7 and 7.0% daily in 10% and 20% wind energy integrated system, respectively.
{"title":"Evaluating the operational flexibility for wind energy integration in Nigeria using a security constraint unit commitment model","authors":"Richardson Omorodje Eni, J. Akinbami","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021646","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the flexible techno-economic operations of thermal plants for sustainable wind power integration into the Nigerian electricity industry using security constraint unit commitment approach. This provides empirical evidence on the thermal power plants capability to back-up variable generation from wind energy. Relative to the current generation mix, 10% and 20% wind energy penetration increased the system spinning reserve per day from 702.5 to 1507.5 and 2107.5 MW respectively. Thermal plants total numbers of start-up per day decreased from 23 to 14 and 18, and shutdown hours per day decreased from 52 to 44 and 49 hrs in 10% and 20% wind energy integrated system, respectively. Greenhouse emission reduction per day were 1746.6 and 3254.4 lb, and thermal plants operational revenue reduced by 3.7 and 7.0% daily in 10% and 20% wind energy integrated system, respectively.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43077647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-31DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021649
K. Strang
In this paper a data envelopment analysis (DEA) was developed using a spreadsheet to inform policy decision making for a clean renewable hydroelectricity plant located in a natural park preserve. The DEA objective function was to make the minimum changes to the proposed policy rates for hydroelectricity generation subject to the known capabilities and risks calculated from a beta distribution. The DEA decision variables were the proposed changes to the policy rates for each month. The simplex linear programming technique was used to implement DEA in a spreadsheet. Screen shots were included to illustrate how to setup the DEA spreadsheet. The results of this paper should generalise to policy makers, practitioners, analysts and researchers in the public utility and specifically in the clean renewable hydroelectricity community.
{"title":"Novel hydroelectricity data envelopment analysis model","authors":"K. Strang","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021649","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a data envelopment analysis (DEA) was developed using a spreadsheet to inform policy decision making for a clean renewable hydroelectricity plant located in a natural park preserve. The DEA objective function was to make the minimum changes to the proposed policy rates for hydroelectricity generation subject to the known capabilities and risks calculated from a beta distribution. The DEA decision variables were the proposed changes to the policy rates for each month. The simplex linear programming technique was used to implement DEA in a spreadsheet. Screen shots were included to illustrate how to setup the DEA spreadsheet. The results of this paper should generalise to policy makers, practitioners, analysts and researchers in the public utility and specifically in the clean renewable hydroelectricity community.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48853773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-31DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021647
A. Khoodaruth
The sugar cane industry is at stake due to the fall in prices of sugar. The industry has to re-engineer itself to a cane flexi-factory for its survival. A cane flexi-factory consists of a sugar mills, cogeneration power plant, bio-ethanol distillery, value-added sugars refinery and a bio-fertiliser manufacturing plant. Although one such refinery is in operation in Mauritius, the area of land area under sugar cultivation is decreasing. The outputs of the flexi-factory can be increased through implementation of higher pressure boiler; higher fibre cane; energy cane; cane tops and leaves; addition of a falling thin film evaporator and use drip irrigation technique. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the possible options to optimise the performance of a flexi-factory through the multi-criteria assessment approach. The outcome of the assessment will help policy makers to prioritise the implementation of these alternatives in the short, medium and long term.
{"title":"Multi-criteria optimisation of a cane flexi-factory","authors":"A. Khoodaruth","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021647","url":null,"abstract":"The sugar cane industry is at stake due to the fall in prices of sugar. The industry has to re-engineer itself to a cane flexi-factory for its survival. A cane flexi-factory consists of a sugar mills, cogeneration power plant, bio-ethanol distillery, value-added sugars refinery and a bio-fertiliser manufacturing plant. Although one such refinery is in operation in Mauritius, the area of land area under sugar cultivation is decreasing. The outputs of the flexi-factory can be increased through implementation of higher pressure boiler; higher fibre cane; energy cane; cane tops and leaves; addition of a falling thin film evaporator and use drip irrigation technique. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the possible options to optimise the performance of a flexi-factory through the multi-criteria assessment approach. The outcome of the assessment will help policy makers to prioritise the implementation of these alternatives in the short, medium and long term.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45005213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-31DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021644
E. Kwarteng, Y. Arthur, J. Ayer
Raising start-up and working capital are challenges faced by indigenous oil and gas entrepreneurs in many developing countries. The absence of sufficient collateral, good business plans, and high interest rates are barriers to acquiring bank loans in Ghana. The study was to identify possible avenues for funding oil and gas projects and challenges indigenous firms (SMEs) within the oil and gas value chain encounter in accessing funds. A questionnaire survey was performed with some banks and oil and gas service providing companies in Ghana. We showed that SMEs have lower success rate in accessing bank loans compared to well-established firms due to repayment risk. Therefore, financial institutions could resort to the project finance method to reduce such risk for projects within the oil and gas industry. We conclude that project finance is a viable avenue for SMEs to finance oil and gas projects in developing countries despite the associated bottlenecks.
{"title":"Project finance and investment in the oil and gas industry in developing countries: a case study of Ghana","authors":"E. Kwarteng, Y. Arthur, J. Ayer","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10021644","url":null,"abstract":"Raising start-up and working capital are challenges faced by indigenous oil and gas entrepreneurs in many developing countries. The absence of sufficient collateral, good business plans, and high interest rates are barriers to acquiring bank loans in Ghana. The study was to identify possible avenues for funding oil and gas projects and challenges indigenous firms (SMEs) within the oil and gas value chain encounter in accessing funds. A questionnaire survey was performed with some banks and oil and gas service providing companies in Ghana. We showed that SMEs have lower success rate in accessing bank loans compared to well-established firms due to repayment risk. Therefore, financial institutions could resort to the project finance method to reduce such risk for projects within the oil and gas industry. We conclude that project finance is a viable avenue for SMEs to finance oil and gas projects in developing countries despite the associated bottlenecks.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43634044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019649
C. Jeenanunta, Kuruge Darshana Abeyrathna
Short-term load forecasting is to forecast the next day electricity demand for 48 periods and it is important to make decisions related to the electricity generation and distribution. Neural network (NN) is selected for forecasting the future electricity consumption since its ability of recognising and learning nonlinear patterns of data. This research proposes the combination usage of genetic algorithm (GA) to train the neural network and results are compared with the results from backpropagation. Data from the electricity generating authority of Thailand (EGAT) is used in this research to demonstrate the performance of the proposed technique. The dataset contains weekday (excluding Mondays) load demand from 1st of October to 30th of November 2013. November load is forecasted using an NN with 192 inputs and 48 outputs. Even though GA takes more time for training neural networks, it gives better results compared to backpropagation.
{"title":"Neural network with genetic algorithm for forecasting short-term electricity load demand","authors":"C. Jeenanunta, Kuruge Darshana Abeyrathna","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019649","url":null,"abstract":"Short-term load forecasting is to forecast the next day electricity demand for 48 periods and it is important to make decisions related to the electricity generation and distribution. Neural network (NN) is selected for forecasting the future electricity consumption since its ability of recognising and learning nonlinear patterns of data. This research proposes the combination usage of genetic algorithm (GA) to train the neural network and results are compared with the results from backpropagation. Data from the electricity generating authority of Thailand (EGAT) is used in this research to demonstrate the performance of the proposed technique. The dataset contains weekday (excluding Mondays) load demand from 1st of October to 30th of November 2013. November load is forecasted using an NN with 192 inputs and 48 outputs. Even though GA takes more time for training neural networks, it gives better results compared to backpropagation.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47955252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019654
V. Voronin, O. A. Davydov
While operating, repair and reconstruction works, maintaining particular level of technical objects' reliability, are carried out. Diagnostic systems are expected to be involved in these activities. As there are a great variety of technical objects available nowadays, diagnostic systems are based on wide variety of principles. Among them neural network technology and expert system technology are the most multi-purpose. A number of particular problems, expected to be solved in developing of diagnostic systems based on technologies mentioned above, is considered in these article; namely: rationing of diagnostic indicators, creating of general purpose functional framework for evaluating particular parameters, developing of neural functional network diagnostic system, developing of two fragments of conceptual diagnostic model, describing diagnostic context and diagnostic parameters in expert system database.
{"title":"Technical objects diagnostics systems organising","authors":"V. Voronin, O. A. Davydov","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019654","url":null,"abstract":"While operating, repair and reconstruction works, maintaining particular level of technical objects' reliability, are carried out. Diagnostic systems are expected to be involved in these activities. As there are a great variety of technical objects available nowadays, diagnostic systems are based on wide variety of principles. Among them neural network technology and expert system technology are the most multi-purpose. A number of particular problems, expected to be solved in developing of diagnostic systems based on technologies mentioned above, is considered in these article; namely: rationing of diagnostic indicators, creating of general purpose functional framework for evaluating particular parameters, developing of neural functional network diagnostic system, developing of two fragments of conceptual diagnostic model, describing diagnostic context and diagnostic parameters in expert system database.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45413353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019653
K. Padmavathi, K. Sudha
To enhance the power quality and reliability of electric power delivered to the end users, the electric distribution system is utilising the custom power devices. The power loss and voltage profile evaluates the performance of distribution system. In this paper a heuristic optimisation technique known as firefly algorithm is applied for the optimal location and sizing of dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The steady state model of DVR is derived to use in forward/backward sweep load flow method. The performance of the proposed method is tested on IEEE 33 bus and 69 bus Radial Distribution systems by using MATLAB software. The obtained results are compared with immune algorithm. The proposed method boost up the voltage profile minimised the power loss and the installation cost of DVR.
{"title":"Optimal sizing and placement of dynamic voltage restorer in the distribution system using firefly algorithm","authors":"K. Padmavathi, K. Sudha","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019653","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance the power quality and reliability of electric power delivered to the end users, the electric distribution system is utilising the custom power devices. The power loss and voltage profile evaluates the performance of distribution system. In this paper a heuristic optimisation technique known as firefly algorithm is applied for the optimal location and sizing of dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The steady state model of DVR is derived to use in forward/backward sweep load flow method. The performance of the proposed method is tested on IEEE 33 bus and 69 bus Radial Distribution systems by using MATLAB software. The obtained results are compared with immune algorithm. The proposed method boost up the voltage profile minimised the power loss and the installation cost of DVR.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44163473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019660
V. Kiushkina, D. Antonenkov
The specifics of regional energy economies support the need in excellent methodical approaches to diagnosing energy security of territorial formations, in general, and by internal components even on the same level. This emphasises the relevance of refining and establishing top priorities for energy security state assessment indicators for isolated territories with long low-temperature periods. Such territories include a part of the territory of the Russian Federation located mainly to the north of the Arctic Circle. The climate is extremely harsh, it is an arctic area. One can name Canada, Sweden and Finland, the USA, Iceland, Denmark and Alaska among such countries. We make an attempt of drawing an actual picture of territorial conditions and existing situations based on apparent factors in distinct directions of the formulated definition of energy security of decentralised energy supply areas.
{"title":"Specifics of assessing energy security of isolated energy service areas in territories with harsh climatic conditions","authors":"V. Kiushkina, D. Antonenkov","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019660","url":null,"abstract":"The specifics of regional energy economies support the need in excellent methodical approaches to diagnosing energy security of territorial formations, in general, and by internal components even on the same level. This emphasises the relevance of refining and establishing top priorities for energy security state assessment indicators for isolated territories with long low-temperature periods. Such territories include a part of the territory of the Russian Federation located mainly to the north of the Arctic Circle. The climate is extremely harsh, it is an arctic area. One can name Canada, Sweden and Finland, the USA, Iceland, Denmark and Alaska among such countries. We make an attempt of drawing an actual picture of territorial conditions and existing situations based on apparent factors in distinct directions of the formulated definition of energy security of decentralised energy supply areas.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48617762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-04DOI: 10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019652
V. Murali, K. Sudha
In order to maintain grid discipline and bring about more responsibility and accountability among the participants in the system, the availability-based tariff (ABT) mechanism was introduced in Indian power sector. Though there is a considerable improvement, it is further required to maintain the system with greater frequency stability and reduced fuel cost for power generation. This paper presents a control scheme for unscheduled interchange (UI) price-based automatic generation control (AGC) to nullify the deviations in frequency following a disturbance in the system. This scheme gives the system operator flexibility to schedule the generations in a desired manner on various units by which the merit order dispatch can be maintained. The proposed scheme is tested on a single area system with four generating units and is compared with an existing system and found effective. The results indicate that the frequency is maintained at normal value following a disturbance and the increased load can be shared among the generators in a desired manner.
{"title":"A novel operating strategy for unscheduled interchange price-based automatic generation control","authors":"V. Murali, K. Sudha","doi":"10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJETP.2019.10019652","url":null,"abstract":"In order to maintain grid discipline and bring about more responsibility and accountability among the participants in the system, the availability-based tariff (ABT) mechanism was introduced in Indian power sector. Though there is a considerable improvement, it is further required to maintain the system with greater frequency stability and reduced fuel cost for power generation. This paper presents a control scheme for unscheduled interchange (UI) price-based automatic generation control (AGC) to nullify the deviations in frequency following a disturbance in the system. This scheme gives the system operator flexibility to schedule the generations in a desired manner on various units by which the merit order dispatch can be maintained. The proposed scheme is tested on a single area system with four generating units and is compared with an existing system and found effective. The results indicate that the frequency is maintained at normal value following a disturbance and the increased load can be shared among the generators in a desired manner.","PeriodicalId":35754,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44698854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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