Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.270
G. Chirici
{"title":"COVID-19, According to Research, Helps People Connect with Nature","authors":"G. Chirici","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85563790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.255
T. Ogunbode
In attempts to subdue the negative implications of climate change scenario globally, several drastic measures need to be put in place. One of such measures is urban reforestation especially in the developing nations where forest resources have extremely and uncontrollably exploited. Apart from some administrative centres which are provided with trees that are maintained passionately by the government through their relevant agencies, most of other cities in Africa are devoid of trees for whatever purpose. Lands are cleared to be replaced with either buildings or open spaces without any attempt of providing trees. Thus, the enormous roles which urban trees perform are lacked in these cities. In order to subdue excessive heat in these cities arising from exposure of urban land areas, which has consequential effects on the prevailing global warming, urban reforestation exercise needs to be embarked upon. This paper reviewed literatures to examine what it entails to have a sustainable reforestation programme in our cities. The work examined the characteristics of our cities, the required tree types due to poor planning characterized by most of the ancient cities and other prerequisites for a viable and productive urban reforestation programme. The implication of the exercise is the enhancement of oxygenated urban environment while the environment is decarbonized for the sustenance of ozone components of the atmosphere.
{"title":"Sustainability and Challenges of Climate Change Mitigation through Urban Reforestation: A Review","authors":"T. Ogunbode","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.255","url":null,"abstract":"In attempts to subdue the negative implications of climate change scenario globally, several drastic measures need to be put in place. One of such measures is urban reforestation especially in the developing nations where forest resources have extremely and uncontrollably exploited. Apart from some administrative centres which are provided with trees that are maintained passionately by the government through their relevant agencies, most of other cities in Africa are devoid of trees for whatever purpose. Lands are cleared to be replaced with either buildings or open spaces without any attempt of providing trees. Thus, the enormous roles which urban trees perform are lacked in these cities. In order to subdue excessive heat in these cities arising from exposure of urban land areas, which has consequential effects on the prevailing global warming, urban reforestation exercise needs to be embarked upon. This paper reviewed literatures to examine what it entails to have a sustainable reforestation programme in our cities. The work examined the characteristics of our cities, the required tree types due to poor planning characterized by most of the ancient cities and other prerequisites for a viable and productive urban reforestation programme. The implication of the exercise is the enhancement of oxygenated urban environment while the environment is decarbonized for the sustenance of ozone components of the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"60 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77785372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.264
I. Kusuma
{"title":"Curbing Deforestation and Limiting Wildlife Trade, Can We Avert the Next Pandemic?","authors":"I. Kusuma","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76256043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.257
Tahir Abdela
Land use-cover change (LULCC) is one of responsible with the anthropogenic activities that contribute the threat of biodiversity and the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions 12-20% in tropics and world that influence the human wellbeing and disturb functionality of ecosystem. The purpose of this review paper is to assess the LULCC causes, trends on forest land, consequences on plant species diversity and carbon stock and implications for sustainable landscape management in Ethiopia .Population growth, agricultural expansion, settlement, institutional factors, and weak policy enforcement and under value ecosystem were the main derivers of LULCC. At the regional, national and regional scales, these changes have profound influence plant species diversity and carbon stock potential for alterations of normal ecosystem function, particularly loss of plant biodiversity at genetic and species levels and rise of CO2 in atmosphere .the result of all these have direct impacts on livelihoods of local communities and sustainable development. Plant species diversity is reduced when land changed from a relatively undisturbed state to more intensive use. like farming, livestock grazing, selective tree harvesting, etc. while carbon stock also loss due to unsustainable agricultural land practice, conversion of native forest to agricultural land and less managed of degraded land.to revere this synergic conservation strategy is suggested like implement sustainable forest management and agricultural practice like agro-forestry.
{"title":"Effect of Land Use Change on Wood Species Diversity, Carbon Stock and Implication for Sustainable Conservation of Biodiversity in Ethiopia","authors":"Tahir Abdela","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.257","url":null,"abstract":"Land use-cover change (LULCC) is one of responsible with the anthropogenic activities that contribute the threat of biodiversity and the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions 12-20% in tropics and world that influence the human wellbeing and disturb functionality of ecosystem. The purpose of this review paper is to assess the LULCC causes, trends on forest land, consequences on plant species diversity and carbon stock and implications for sustainable landscape management in Ethiopia .Population growth, agricultural expansion, settlement, institutional factors, and weak policy enforcement and under value ecosystem were the main derivers of LULCC. At the regional, national and regional scales, these changes have profound influence plant species diversity and carbon stock potential for alterations of normal ecosystem function, particularly loss of plant biodiversity at genetic and species levels and rise of CO2 in atmosphere .the result of all these have direct impacts on livelihoods of local communities and sustainable development. Plant species diversity is reduced when land changed from a relatively undisturbed state to more intensive use. like farming, livestock grazing, selective tree harvesting, etc. while carbon stock also loss due to unsustainable agricultural land practice, conversion of native forest to agricultural land and less managed of degraded land.to revere this synergic conservation strategy is suggested like implement sustainable forest management and agricultural practice like agro-forestry.","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82187748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.254
K. Bhatta, Menaka Pant Neupane, A. Aryal, S. Khanal
Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS) are major threat to the earth’s plant biodiversity. With the rapid expansion of IAPS in Nepal, the techniques of using IAPS in form of charcoal have derived profound benefit to the forest condition. This study aims to analyse the effect of removal of IAPS on forest management in terms of plant diversity at regeneration level. In addition, the impact on the species richness, species evenness and stand density was also studied for three community forests representing different physiographic zones of Nepal. Each forest was divided into two blocks- treatment applied block and control block with size of 20 ha each. Treatment block represented the IAPS removed forest area while control block represented forest area with no intervention. The study was conducted using stratified random sampling. Forest inventory with nested circular plot of 500 m2, was performed in both blocks to figure out the changes in regeneration level. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was used to assess the change in diversities at regeneration level. Margalef index and Pielou’s evenness index were used to calculate species richness and evenness. According to Shannon-Weiner index, treatment block showed significantly higher plant diversity and a greater number of seedlings and saplings in comparison to control block. Similarly, the value of Margalef index and Pielou’s evenness index were greater in treatment applied block. Species density at regeneration level and growing stocks of trees were found higher in treatment applied block while species density at tree level in the control block. It is suggested that promotion of invasive species management through policy level/main actors of forest sector, capacity enhancement of local forest user and proper financing could be a strategy to secure dual benefit to forest and its user.
{"title":"Impact of Invasive Alien Plant Species removal in the Forest Management: Findings from Terai and Mid-Hills of Nepal","authors":"K. Bhatta, Menaka Pant Neupane, A. Aryal, S. Khanal","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.254","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS) are major threat to the earth’s plant biodiversity. With the rapid expansion of IAPS in Nepal, the techniques of using IAPS in form of charcoal have derived profound benefit to the forest condition. This study aims to analyse the effect of removal of IAPS on forest management in terms of plant diversity at regeneration level. In addition, the impact on the species richness, species evenness and stand density was also studied for three community forests representing different physiographic zones of Nepal. Each forest was divided into two blocks- treatment applied block and control block with size of 20 ha each. Treatment block represented the IAPS removed forest area while control block represented forest area with no intervention. The study was conducted using stratified random sampling. Forest inventory with nested circular plot of 500 m2, was performed in both blocks to figure out the changes in regeneration level. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was used to assess the change in diversities at regeneration level. Margalef index and Pielou’s evenness index were used to calculate species richness and evenness. According to Shannon-Weiner index, treatment block showed significantly higher plant diversity and a greater number of seedlings and saplings in comparison to control block. Similarly, the value of Margalef index and Pielou’s evenness index were greater in treatment applied block. Species density at regeneration level and growing stocks of trees were found higher in treatment applied block while species density at tree level in the control block. It is suggested that promotion of invasive species management through policy level/main actors of forest sector, capacity enhancement of local forest user and proper financing could be a strategy to secure dual benefit to forest and its user.","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"2014 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73378936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.262
P. Jibanjyoti, Atmaja Elina Mishra
Forest plats are good source of medicinal agent for thousands of years. Plants and their products have been the primary resource of food and medicines; a number of modern drugs have been isolated used to serve the living world. Azadirachta indica has been used as more than 4000 years due to its medicinal activity. This tree considered as a potential source of naturally occurring insecticide and pesticide. Capsules, tablets, creams, soaps, shampoos and other useful products are developed from the stems, roots, leaf and young fruits of the tree. Pongamia pinnata (karanj) well recognized to human society for its traditional system of medicine used against many diseases. All parts of this tree are traditionally used as curing agent of for bronchitis, rheumatism, diarrhoea, whooping cough, gonorrhoea, leprosy and many more. Aegle marmelos commonly known as bel is highly appreciated as aromatic plant. Leaf of this plant is reported as principal source of many numbers of chemical constituents and various therapeutic products by many researchers. Other parts are also recorded for producing compounds like; terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, fatty acids and amino acids. The present review, three common forest plants were documented for their traditional and pharmacological activity such as; neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effect, antitumor, antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic analgesic, antimalarial, antimicrobial activities.
{"title":"A Review on Common Forest Trees: Traditional and Pharmacological uses","authors":"P. Jibanjyoti, Atmaja Elina Mishra","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.262","url":null,"abstract":"Forest plats are good source of medicinal agent for thousands of years. Plants and their products have been the primary resource of food and medicines; a number of modern drugs have been isolated used to serve the living world. Azadirachta indica has been used as more than 4000 years due to its medicinal activity. This tree considered as a potential source of naturally occurring insecticide and pesticide. Capsules, tablets, creams, soaps, shampoos and other useful products are developed from the stems, roots, leaf and young fruits of the tree. Pongamia pinnata (karanj) well recognized to human society for its traditional system of medicine used against many diseases. All parts of this tree are traditionally used as curing agent of for bronchitis, rheumatism, diarrhoea, whooping cough, gonorrhoea, leprosy and many more. Aegle marmelos commonly known as bel is highly appreciated as aromatic plant. Leaf of this plant is reported as principal source of many numbers of chemical constituents and various therapeutic products by many researchers. Other parts are also recorded for producing compounds like; terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, fatty acids and amino acids. The present review, three common forest plants were documented for their traditional and pharmacological activity such as; neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effect, antitumor, antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic analgesic, antimalarial, antimicrobial activities.","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87593184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.243
M. Richard, Farrish Kw, Oswald Bp, Williams Hm, M. Maurer
A pot study was conducted to measure the establishment success of five forages under 0%, 30% or 60% shade levels. The forages evaluated were ‘Pensacola” Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum Fluegge), “Texas Tough” Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.), “Alamo” switch grass (Panicum virgatum L.), “San Marcos” Eastern Gama grass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.), and a native mix containing by weight 45% “Texas” little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium Michx Nash), 15% sand love grass (Eragrostis trichodes Nutt. L. Alph. Wood), 15% “Blackwell” switch grass (Panicum virgatum L.), 10% “Lometa” Indian grass (Sorgastrum nutans L. Nash), 10% “Haskell” sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula Michx Torr) and 5% “Earl” big bluestem (Andropgon gerardii Vitman). Mean biomass under 60% shades for all forages was less than under the other shade treatments, but did not differ among shade treatments within forages. Mean nutrient tissue concentration showed significant differences among treatments and forages for several nutrients. Shade treatments had no effect on plant density, but low germination of several forages appears to have influenced plant density. Based on these results, Bahia grass, eastern Gama grass and Bermuda grass may be suitable species if maximum biomass production were the goal of a silvopasture management system in east Texas.
{"title":"Evaluation of Five East Texas Forages under Differing Shade Levels","authors":"M. Richard, Farrish Kw, Oswald Bp, Williams Hm, M. Maurer","doi":"10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9776.21.10.243","url":null,"abstract":"A pot study was conducted to measure the establishment success of five forages under 0%, 30% or 60% shade levels. The forages evaluated were ‘Pensacola” Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum Fluegge), “Texas Tough” Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.), “Alamo” switch grass (Panicum virgatum L.), “San Marcos” Eastern Gama grass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.), and a native mix containing by weight 45% “Texas” little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium Michx Nash), 15% sand love grass (Eragrostis trichodes Nutt. L. Alph. Wood), 15% “Blackwell” switch grass (Panicum virgatum L.), 10% “Lometa” Indian grass (Sorgastrum nutans L. Nash), 10% “Haskell” sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula Michx Torr) and 5% “Earl” big bluestem (Andropgon gerardii Vitman). Mean biomass under 60% shades for all forages was less than under the other shade treatments, but did not differ among shade treatments within forages. Mean nutrient tissue concentration showed significant differences among treatments and forages for several nutrients. Shade treatments had no effect on plant density, but low germination of several forages appears to have influenced plant density. Based on these results, Bahia grass, eastern Gama grass and Bermuda grass may be suitable species if maximum biomass production were the goal of a silvopasture management system in east Texas.","PeriodicalId":35920,"journal":{"name":"林业科学研究","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75725154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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